EP4301534A1 - Entfernen der stützstruktur mit einem auf einem roboterarm integrierten laserstrahl - Google Patents
Entfernen der stützstruktur mit einem auf einem roboterarm integrierten laserstrahlInfo
- Publication number
- EP4301534A1 EP4301534A1 EP22711201.8A EP22711201A EP4301534A1 EP 4301534 A1 EP4301534 A1 EP 4301534A1 EP 22711201 A EP22711201 A EP 22711201A EP 4301534 A1 EP4301534 A1 EP 4301534A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- radiation
- supporting function
- functional area
- manufactured object
- support structure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/40—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/64—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/35—Cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/40—Structures for supporting 3D objects during manufacture and intended to be sacrificed after completion thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the invention relates to an additively manufactured object with at least one functional area with a supporting function, which is removed with a tool after manufacture.
- Such an additively manufactured object can be, for example, a part of a centrifugal pump, to a certain extent an impeller or a pump housing or a part of a fitting, for example a shut-off body or a valve housing.
- the object in question is built up layer by layer from a construction material that is placed on a substrate.
- the building material is usually in powder form.
- the powdery material is completely melted locally at the respective points by means of radiation and forms a solid layer of material after solidification.
- the base plate on which the powdered material is located is then lowered by the amount of one layer thickness and powder is applied again. This cycle is repeated until all layers are made.
- the finished item is cleaned of excess powder.
- the data for guiding the radiation are generated using software on the basis of a 3D CAD body.
- radiation for example, a laser beam to come into action.
- An electron beam (EBM) can also be used as an alternative to selective laser melting.
- the areas that form the structures of the object are selectively melted.
- the radiation melts up to three layers below, which then fuse with the top layer during the rapid cooling process.
- a support structure also known as a support structure.
- the support structure also serves for controlled heat dissipation and thus contributes to process reliability. Since the construction material, which is in powder form, has an insulating effect, overheating in the component could otherwise occur.
- the support structure also prevents the component from warping as a result of process-related stresses that occur as a result of rapid heating and subsequent cooling.
- the support structure Since the support structure is not part of the actual object, it must be removed after the manufacturing process. This turns out to be extremely difficult and time-consuming, especially in the case of support structures that are difficult to reach. In some cases, the support structure can no longer be 100% removed due to massive attachments to the object, so that the surfaces to which the support structure was attached are of inferior quality.
- the strategically sensible placement of the support structure, the correct orientation in the construction space in order to get by with as few support structures as possible, and the subsequent removal of the support represent one of the greatest time factors and thus a main cost driver of generative processes.
- DE 102 19 983 B4 describes a method for producing metallic or non-metallic products by free-form laser sintering.
- the products are built up vertically in layers from a powdered material on a substrate plate using a data-controlled laser beam.
- At least one support is built up between the substrate plate and the outer surface of the product, which is connected to the outer surface of the product via a predetermined breaking point.
- the breaking point is formed by reducing the strength of the support along the outer contour of the product. In this case, the cross section of the support is reduced to reduce the strength.
- DE 10 2007 033434 A1 describes a method for producing three-dimensional components.
- an auxiliary structure is additionally formed beyond an extent of the component.
- Predetermined breaking points are provided at connection points between the component and the auxiliary structure.
- DE 10 2013 011 630 A1 describes a method for calculating one or more support struts for a three-dimensional object on a platform, which is built up from layers using a manufacturing method.
- the support elements not only form stable connection points, but also have predetermined breaking points.
- the support structure should be able to be detached easily from the object without craters appearing on the object's surface.
- a flow-guiding component with different functional areas is produced additively.
- different functional areas are formed from a powdery metallic material.
- the object of the invention is to provide an additively manufactured object that can be manufactured without manual rework.
- the surfaces of the generatively manufactured object should be visually appealing and particularly be wear-resistant. It should be possible to dispense with post-processing of the surfaces of the generatively manufactured object.
- the generatively manufactured object should be characterized by a long service life and reliable use. Furthermore, the component should be easily recyclable.
- this object is achieved by a generatively manufactured object and a method for its production.
- Preferred variants can be found in the subclaims, the description and the drawings.
- the functional area with a supporting function of a generatively manufactured object is removed with a radiation source.
- a laser beam or an electron beam and their devices for generating the radiation can be used, for example, as a radiation source or as radiation.
- the data for guiding the radiation is generated on the basis of the 3D CAD body of the generatively manufactured object using the process software.
- the functional area with a supporting function and the surfaces of the generatively manufactured object are known exactly.
- the support structures that are no longer required can be removed and the morphology of the surface can be changed so that it is modified to be visually appealing and ideal for later use.
- manual post-processing can be dispensed with entirely.
- the generatively manufactured object is manufactured using a process in which a layer of a building material is first applied to a substrate.
- the building material for producing the generatively manufactured object is preferably metallic powder particles.
- iron-containing and/or cobalt-containing powder particles are used for this purpose. These can contain additives such as chromium, molybdenum or nickel.
- the metallic structure material is applied in powder form in a thin layer to a plate. Then the powdered material is applied by means of radiation completely melted locally at the desired points and a solid layer of material is formed after solidification.
- the base is then lowered by the amount of one layer thickness and powder is applied again. This cycle is repeated until all layers are made and the finished object is formed.
- different functional areas of the object are formed, in particular the functional area with a supporting function.
- An electron beam is a technically generated beam of electrons. Electron beams interact strongly with matter. For example, a solid body, in particular a metallic solid body, heats up when it is irradiated with electron beams. This is used, among other things, to melt metal construction material, for example in electron beam melting. Structures in the micrometer to nanometer range can be easily influenced by appropriate beam guidance. In metalworking, high-power electron beams are used for melting, hardening, annealing, engraving and welding. Machining with an electron beam is preferably done in a vacuum.
- Morphology is a term from metallurgy and crystallography and describes the shape of a metal lattice or crystal that consists of geometrically defined surfaces, edges and corners.
- the surface of the generatively manufactured object which is uneven and rough after the removal of the functional area with a supporting function, is optimized with the aid of the radiation source.
- the smoothness and roughness of the surface of the object are adapted to the optical requirements on the one hand and to the usage requirements on the other.
- the hardness of the surface can be increased, for example when used as a functional area in contact with abrasive media, in order to create a wear-resistant contact surface.
- the functional area with a supporting function, in particular the supporting structures is removed in layers.
- the data for guiding the radiation is available in the form of a 3D CAD body that is created layer by layer by melting powder granulate. It is precisely this data that forms the basis for removing the support structures, which is also done in layers.
- the layer-by-layer removal is particularly ideal because it works extremely precisely and is precisely layer-defined. This makes the work much more accurate and gentle compared to manually removing the support structure, resulting in a high quality product.
- the morphology of the generatively manufactured object is changed immediately upon removal of the functional area with a supporting function.
- the generative manufacturing of an object convinces with the complete and immediate completion of the object, which means that manual rework or a subsequent processing step with corresponding machine preparation can be completely dispensed with.
- a generatively manufactured object is formed in an integrative manufacturing process.
- the 3D shape of the object is stored in software as a data set.
- a robotic arm which has tools for different generative assembly processes at its disposal, acts and forms the functional areas of the object layer by layer, in particular the functional area with a supporting function.
- the appropriate build-up process for each build-up material can be carried out for each layer in succession or simultaneously, so that a complex object is also created from different materials, the areas of which are optimally adapted to the requirements of later use.
- functional areas of the object are produced in layers, also in the form of a lattice structure, with a fused layer tool of the generative manufacturing process in which fusible like plastic, a grid of dots is applied to a surface.
- a stable structure in particular in the form of a lattice and/or in the form of honeycombs, is produced by extrusion using a nozzle and subsequent hardening by cooling at the desired position.
- the supporting area of an object is created, for example, in a cavity-forming manner with a particularly load-bearing structure, an object has enormous strength while at the same time having a very low mass.
- An object is usually built up by repeatedly moving along a working plane line by line and then stacking the working plane upwards so that the object with its functional areas, in particular with the functional area with a supporting function, is created.
- the generatively manufactured object is produced from a structural material by successive melting and hardening of layers by means of radiation.
- the different properties of the functional areas of an additively manufactured object are generated by variations in the radiation, the radiation energy and the radiation intensity.
- a modification of the material properties is already carried out during the construction of the generatively manufactured object. This makes it possible to produce zones and structures of different material states of a chemically homogeneous material and thus different properties in one area of the object, in particular in the morphology of the surface.
- the metallic structure material is applied in powder form in a thin layer to a plate.
- the powdery material is completely locally melted at the desired points by means of radiation and forms a solid material layer after solidification.
- This base plate is then lowered by the amount of one layer thickness and powder is applied again. This cycle is repeated until all layers are made.
- the excess powder is vacuumed from the finished item using the integrative manufacturing tool.
- the functional area with a supporting function which is essential for overhanging objects in particular, is then removed layer by layer by exposure to radiation.
- the radiation source of the laser of the integrative manufacturing tool is guided through the data set of the 3D CAD body, as a result of which the functional areas with a supporting function of the generatively manufactured object are removed with extreme precision.
- the morphology of the surface of the generatively manufactured object is optimized simultaneously and immediately when removing the functional area with a supporting function by varying the radiation energy, the radiation intensity and the scanning speed of the radiation.
- the production of the generatively manufactured object can be fully carried out in an integrative manufacturing unit.
- the cost of additive manufacturing of an object is significantly reduced, the use of manpower for post-processing is completely reduced, and the surface quality of the finished object is vastly improved.
- Fig. 2 another generatively manufactured object with a rich functional area with a supporting function.
- the generatively manufactured object 1 shows a generatively manufactured object 1 which has at least one functional area with a supporting function 2 .
- the generatively manufactured object 1 is in the form of a split ring and the functional area with a supporting function 2 is in the form of a support structure.
- the support structure is necessary to to form the generatively manufactured object 1 in its shape during the layered construction and also to keep it.
- the support structure is removed in layers by the radiation.
- the surface 3 of the object 1, in particular the surface 3 onto which the support structure was previously formed, is optimized in terms of its morphology by the radiation immediately when the support structure is removed. Manual rework, manual removal of the support structure and improvement of the generatively manufactured object 1 can be dispensed with.
- the generatively manufactured object 1 shows another generatively manufactured object 1 with a functional area with a supporting function 2 .
- the generatively manufactured object 1 is designed as a wall-shaped component and the functional area with a supporting function 2 is designed as a supporting structure.
- the support structure is removed in layers by the radiation, while the surface 3 of the generatively manufactured object is optimized in terms of its morphology for the application of the object 1 immediately upon removal of the support structure.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021105228.9A DE102021105228A1 (de) | 2021-03-04 | 2021-03-04 | Entfernen der Stützstruktur mit einem auf einem Roboterarm integrierten Laserstrahll |
| PCT/EP2022/055231 WO2022184758A1 (de) | 2021-03-04 | 2022-03-02 | Entfernen der stützstruktur mit einem auf einem roboterarm integrierten laserstrahl |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4301534A1 true EP4301534A1 (de) | 2024-01-10 |
Family
ID=80786514
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22711201.8A Withdrawn EP4301534A1 (de) | 2021-03-04 | 2022-03-02 | Entfernen der stützstruktur mit einem auf einem roboterarm integrierten laserstrahl |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20240139814A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4301534A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2024508919A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN116917067A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021105228A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022184758A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116000318B (zh) * | 2022-12-29 | 2025-04-04 | 西安航天发动机有限公司 | 一种激光选区熔化成形金属支撑快速去除的方法 |
| US20250121436A1 (en) * | 2023-10-12 | 2025-04-17 | General Electric Company | Additive manufacturing process |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3446733B2 (ja) | 2000-10-05 | 2003-09-16 | 松下電工株式会社 | 三次元形状造形物の製造方法及びその装置 |
| DE10219983B4 (de) | 2002-05-03 | 2004-03-18 | Bego Medical Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen von Produkten durch Freiform-Lasersintern |
| DE102007033434A1 (de) | 2007-07-18 | 2009-01-22 | Voxeljet Technology Gmbh | Verfahren zum Herstellen dreidimensionaler Bauteile |
| DE102013011630B4 (de) | 2013-07-12 | 2021-09-02 | Delcam, Ltd. | Verfahren zum Berechnen von Stützstrukturen |
| DE102015202417A1 (de) | 2015-02-11 | 2016-08-11 | Ksb Aktiengesellschaft | Stömungsführendes Bauteil |
| DE102015218753B4 (de) | 2015-09-29 | 2024-07-25 | KSB SE & Co. KGaA | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils |
| DE102016206804A1 (de) | 2016-04-21 | 2017-10-26 | Airbus Defence and Space GmbH | 3D-Druckverfahren zur additiven Fertigung von Metallbauteilen |
| DE102016219037A1 (de) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Additives Fertigungsverfahren |
| DE102017101834A1 (de) | 2017-01-31 | 2018-08-16 | Amsis Gmbh | Automatisiertes Abtrennen von Stützstrukturen von einem Pulverbett-basiert additiv hergestellten Bauteil |
| WO2019195062A1 (en) * | 2018-04-06 | 2019-10-10 | Velo3D, Inc. | Three-dimensional printing of three-dimesional objects |
| DE102019002292A1 (de) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-01 | KSB SE & Co. KGaA | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur additiven Fertigung eines Bauteils |
| CN111992877A (zh) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-11-27 | 上海工程技术大学 | 一种高精度激光增减材的复合制造装置 |
-
2021
- 2021-03-04 DE DE102021105228.9A patent/DE102021105228A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-03-02 EP EP22711201.8A patent/EP4301534A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2022-03-02 CN CN202280018551.3A patent/CN116917067A/zh active Pending
- 2022-03-02 US US18/280,042 patent/US20240139814A1/en active Pending
- 2022-03-02 JP JP2023553636A patent/JP2024508919A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2022-03-02 WO PCT/EP2022/055231 patent/WO2022184758A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2024508919A (ja) | 2024-02-28 |
| US20240139814A1 (en) | 2024-05-02 |
| WO2022184758A1 (de) | 2022-09-09 |
| DE102021105228A1 (de) | 2022-09-08 |
| CN116917067A (zh) | 2023-10-20 |
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