EP4295452A1 - Verfahren und lasersystem zum erzeugen von ausgangslaserpulsen mit einer optischen komponente mit temperaturabhängiger leistungseffizienz und zugehöriges computerprogrammprodukt - Google Patents
Verfahren und lasersystem zum erzeugen von ausgangslaserpulsen mit einer optischen komponente mit temperaturabhängiger leistungseffizienz und zugehöriges computerprogrammproduktInfo
- Publication number
- EP4295452A1 EP4295452A1 EP21844283.8A EP21844283A EP4295452A1 EP 4295452 A1 EP4295452 A1 EP 4295452A1 EP 21844283 A EP21844283 A EP 21844283A EP 4295452 A1 EP4295452 A1 EP 4295452A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pulse
- laser pulses
- optical component
- input
- input laser
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001208 nuclear magnetic resonance pulse sequence Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
- H01S3/0092—Nonlinear frequency conversion, e.g. second harmonic generation [SHG] or sum- or difference-frequency generation outside the laser cavity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
- G02F1/353—Frequency conversion, i.e. wherein a light beam is generated with frequency components different from those of the incident light beams
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/1301—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude in optical amplifiers
- H01S3/1302—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude in optical amplifiers by all-optical means, e.g. gain-clamping
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
- H01S3/0085—Modulating the output, i.e. the laser beam is modulated outside the laser cavity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/10007—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers
- H01S3/10015—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating in optical amplifiers by monitoring or controlling, e.g. attenuating, the input signal
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for generating output laser pulses from input laser pulses, each with previously known pulse energies and spacings, with the input laser pulses passing through an optical component with temperature-dependent power efficiency one after the other, heating the optical component and emitting them from the optical component as output laser pulses. occur, as well as a laser system suitable for carrying out this method and an associated control program product.
- the laser pulse power can be temperature-dependent, and at very high power there can be fluctuations in the pulse peak power, pulse energy, pulse duration or pulse quality due to temperature-related properties.
- US Pat. No. 6,697,390 B2 measures the temperature at the non-linear conversion crystal and achieves constant efficiency by heating/cooling, which keeps the conversion crystal at a constant temperature level.
- the pump power is adjusted to compensate for degradation in a nonlinear crystal.
- Frequency-converted, in particular pulsed, laser radiation with arbitrary, external single-pulse triggering generates a non-constant, unpredictable thermal load in the laser system that causes fluctuations in the single-pulse energy (e.g. due to phase mismatch or beam size change).
- POD Pulse on Demand
- these fluctuations cannot be compensated for sufficiently to achieve a pulse-to-pulse stability of typically less than 1-2% r.m.s. to reach.
- the POD parameters can be set to a specific operating point and a minimum energy deviation can be set.
- the automatic parameterization routines used to date to optimize the POD parameters are slow, since the parameters are determined in the established, thermal equilibrium at a fixed repetition rate (plus sacrificial laser pulses).
- the present invention is based on the object, in the method mentioned at the outset, despite the temperature-dependent power efficiency of the optical component, output laser pulses with low jitter, namely with pulse energy deviations of less than 5%, preferably less than 2%, in particular with the same pulse energy in each case generate and also specify an associated laser system.
- This object is achieved according to the invention with the method mentioned at the outset in that, on the basis of all previous input or output serpulse, which have contributed to the current heating of the optical component, a current temperature or a current temperature difference of the optical component or a temperature-dependent current parameter are calculated and that based on the calculated current temperature, the calculated current temperature difference or the calculated current parameter the power of a current input laser pulse is set such that the associated output laser pulse has a pulse energy that deviates by less than 5%, preferably less than 2%, from a specified pulse energy and is in particular equal to the specified pulse energy.
- the selected input laser pulses are amplified or frequency converted by the optical component.
- the temperature difference can refer to the "cold" state of equilibrium (thermal equilibrium) of the optical component.
- the temperature-dependent parameter can be a temperature-dependent control parameter, for example.
- a temperature or temperature difference of the optical component or a temperature-dependent parameter is calculated or simulated in almost real time by a computer model, from which a correction of the laser pulse energy can be derived and modulated to the current input laser pulse.
- the calculated temperature, temperature difference and parameters are not a real temperature, temperature difference or measured variable of the optical component, but an abstract variable.
- the computational model includes every previous laser pulse that has passed through the optical component and has contributed to the current heating of the optical component. Then the power of the current input laser pulse is adjusted in order to achieve the desired pulse energy after passing through the optical component. For example, the power of the current input laser pulse can be adjusted based on the deviation of the calculated current temperature from a specified (full load) operating temperature of the optical component.
- the method according to the invention offers the following advantages in particular: - Arbitrary dynamic trigger programs can be approached regardless of different operating points with different thermal loads.
- the power of the current input laser pulse is preferably set or modified before it passes through the optical component by cutting its pulse shape, in particular by cutting its amplitude and/or at least one of its two pulse flanks.
- its power can already be set accordingly using the calculated current temperature, the calculated current temperature difference or the calculated current parameter.
- this sacrificial laser pulse is preferably decoupled from the path of the amplified input laser pulses before the optical component .
- a control unit eg FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) or microcontroller
- FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- microcontroller which is programmed, based on all previous input laser pulses which have contributed to the current heating of the optical component, a current temperature or a current temperature difference of the optical
- the calculated current temperature difference or the calculated current parameter in such a way that the associated output laser pulse has a pulse energy that is less than 5% preferably by less than 2%, deviates from a specified pulse energy and in particular is equal to the specified pulse energy.
- the optical component can be, for example, an optical amplifier for amplifying the input laser pulses or a (non-linear) conversion crystal for frequency-converting the input laser pulses.
- the power setting device is preferably designed as an acousto-optical modulator (AOM) or electro-optical modulator (EOM) for clipping the pulse shape of the current input laser pulse.
- AOM acousto-optical modulator
- EOM electro-optical modulator
- the modulator can be controlled by the control unit in terms of opening time and duration in such a way that the power of the current input laser pulse can be set as desired by cutting its pulse shape, in particular by cutting its amplitude and/or at least one of its two pulse edges.
- the power setting device can also be formed by power regulation of the laser pulses generated by the pulse source as input laser pulses in order to set the power of the current input laser pulse as desired.
- An optical amplifier for amplifying the input laser pulses can be arranged in front of the optical component.
- a decoupling unit e.g. AOM or EOM
- the control unit is advantageously arranged downstream of the amplifier for decoupling the amplified sacrificial laser pulses from the path of the amplified input laser pulses and in particular the optical component upstream.
- the pulse source has a laser pulse generator for generating (seed) laser pulses which have known pulse energies, in particular the same pulse energies in each case, and are preferably repeated at a fixed frequency, and an off controlled by the control unit - Selection unit for selecting some of the laser pulses at previously known pulse times as input laser pulses.
- the pulse source has a laser pulse generator controlled by the control unit for generating input laser pulses whose pulse energies and times are specified by the control unit.
- the seed laser pulse generator can be designed as:
- FIG. 3 schematically shows a first laser system according to the invention with the optical component shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 shows the laser system shown in FIG. 3 with an additional optical amplifier
- Figs. 2a, 2b show schematically the time profile of the calculated current temperature T of the optical component 1 through which the input laser pulses 2 pass with temperature-dependent power efficiency in the case of periodically repeated input laser pulses 2 with the same pulse energies (FIG. 2a) and in the case of non-periodic input laser pulses 2 repeated or only periodically repeated in sections with different pulse energies (FIG. 2b).
- the periodically repeated input laser pulses 2 cause the optical component 1 to heat up to a substantially constant operating temperature T B , starting from an initial temperature T 0 in the cold (switched off) state.
- non-periodically repeated input laser pulses 2 with different time intervals and/or different pulse energies lead to large temperature fluctuations between the output temperature To and the operating temperature TB and thus to considerable fluctuations in the power efficiency of the optical component 1 .
- a power adjustment device 6 arranged between the pulse source 5 and the optical component 1, e.g. in the form of an AOM (acousto-optical modulator) or EOM (electro-optical modulator), for adjusting or reducing the respective pulse power of the input laser pulses 2, and
- a control unit 7 which controls the pulse source 5 to provide an input laser pulse 2 and the power setting device 6 to set the respective pulse power.
- the optical component 1 can be, for example, a non-linear conversion crystal for frequency-converting the input laser pulses 2 or an optical amplifier for amplifying the input laser pulses 2 .
- the pulse power of the input laser pulses 2 is reduced by the power setting device 6 by the amplitude and/or one or both pulse edges of the input laser pulses 2 being cut.
- the cut-off pulse components are directed to an absorber (not shown).
- the control unit 7 temporally controls the power setting device 6 for a current input laser pulse 2 triggered by the control unit 7 such that after passing through the optical component 1 the associated output laser pulse 3 has a pulse energy , the deviates by less than 5%, preferably by less than 2%, from a specified pulse energy and in particular is equal to the specified pulse energy.
- the input laser pulses 2 are - according to a user request 8 - triggered or provided by the control unit 7 in such a way that the associated output laser pulses 3 arrive at an output 9 at individually requested POD (pulse on demand) times.
- the method described functions solely through the temporal activation of the laser source 5 and the power adjustment device 6 by the control unit 7, i.e. it is not regulated.
- the selection unit 12 and the power adjustment device 6 can be formed as one element.
- two or more adjacent seed laser pulses 11 can each be selected as an “input laser burst” (pulse packet), which passes through the optical component 1 and emerges from the optical component 1 as an output laser burst.
- an optical amplifier 13 for amplifying the input laser pulses 2' is additionally arranged between the power adjustment device 6 and the optical component 1.
- the optical amplifier 13 a gain-free minimum period of time, which is predetermined by the inversion structure required for a minimum gain in the optical amplifier 13, and a maximum period of time, which is predetermined by the inversion structure required for a maximum gain in the optical amplifier 13.
- the minimum period of time is based on the fact that after pulse amplification, the inversion in the amplification medium of the optical amplifier 13 must first be reestablished in order to ensure pulse-to-pulse stability.
- the maximum period of time prevents pulse pauses that are too long and thus large amplifications that lead to undesired pulse overshoots.
- the control unit 7 in the form of an AOM or EOM, is timed by the control unit 7 in such a way that the amplified sacrificial laser pulse 14 is decoupled and applied to an absorber (not shown). is steered.
- the two amplified input laser pulses 2 pass through the optical component 1, e.g. a conversion crystal, and arrive as output pulses 3 at the output 9 at the requested times.
- the second laser system 4" shown in FIG. 5 differs only in that the pulse source 5 has one of the Control unit 7 controlled power control 16 for the laser pulse generator 10, so as to generate input laser pulses 2 with predetermined, possibly different pulse energies and times.
- the pulse energy can also be set by a power setting device 6 which is arranged in the pulse generator 5 .
- the transient behavior of the laser efficiency of the optical component 1 follows a cooling or heating process. If an effective temperature or temperature difference to the "cold" equilibrium state of the optical component 1 is known, the output power can be pre-compensated with the power setting device 6 .
- the temperature difference can be understood as a correction variable and generally does not correspond to the actual temperature of the laser system 4, 4', 4".
- the transfer function h of the optical component 1 should be described below by the input pulse energy E in the pulse 2 and the output pulse energy E out of the pulse 3 before and after the optical component 1, which also experiences a contribution from ⁇ T .
- t and q(t) denote an intrinsic time constant and a variable heating term, respectively, and must be known to solve .
- the heating term can be both negative and to contribute positively.
- the pulse duration is always much shorter than the time constant t, a temperature change can be caused by an amount of heat without noticeable to generate discretization errors in the result. In general, it is not linearly dependent on the pulse energy propagated through the optical component 1 and is described below with the notation q ⁇ E pi ).
- the amount of heat supplied can be expressed, for example, by a polynomial of any order n in approximately here:
- the iterative procedure in sub-item a) is necessary if, for example, long time intervals between pulses occur and the condition is no longer complied with, which can lead to severe errors in the calculation of would.
- a maximum discretization step is necessary such that in all m steps holds.
- a « 1 should be chosen, 0.01 or even smaller.
- the number of steps m is individually selected according to these criteria for each i-th pulse interval.
- the corrections calculated in b) are implemented by the control unit 7 by activating the power setting device 6 for each pulse.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102021201493.3A DE102021201493A1 (de) | 2021-02-17 | 2021-02-17 | Verfahren und Lasersystem zum Erzeugen von Ausgangslaserpulsen mit einer optischen Komponente mit temperaturabhängiger Leistungseffizienz und zugehöriges Computerprogrammprodukt |
PCT/EP2021/087158 WO2022174961A1 (de) | 2021-02-17 | 2021-12-21 | Verfahren und lasersystem zum erzeugen von ausgangslaserpulsen mit einer optischen komponente mit temperaturabhängiger leistungseffizienz und zugehöriges computerprogrammprodukt |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4295452A1 true EP4295452A1 (de) | 2023-12-27 |
Family
ID=79686815
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP21844283.8A Pending EP4295452A1 (de) | 2021-02-17 | 2021-12-21 | Verfahren und lasersystem zum erzeugen von ausgangslaserpulsen mit einer optischen komponente mit temperaturabhängiger leistungseffizienz und zugehöriges computerprogrammprodukt |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11942752B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4295452A1 (de) |
KR (1) | KR20230136656A (de) |
CN (1) | CN116998069A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102021201493A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022174961A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6697390B2 (en) | 2002-02-01 | 2004-02-24 | Spectra Physics Lasers, Inc. | Extended lifetime harmonic generator |
US7242700B2 (en) | 2004-10-05 | 2007-07-10 | Coherent, Inc. | Stabilized frequency-converted laser system |
US7916764B2 (en) | 2006-10-25 | 2011-03-29 | Coherent, Inc. | Output power control for harmonic-generating laser |
US7826502B2 (en) | 2006-12-14 | 2010-11-02 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Circuit and method for lessening noise in a laser system having a frequency converting element |
US8160113B2 (en) | 2009-07-21 | 2012-04-17 | Mobius Photonics, Inc. | Tailored pulse burst |
US8717670B2 (en) | 2011-06-17 | 2014-05-06 | Coherent, Inc. | Fiber-MOPA apparatus for delivering pulses on demand |
US8879589B2 (en) | 2012-03-20 | 2014-11-04 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Stabilizing beam pointing of a frequency-converted laser system |
DE102014017568B4 (de) * | 2014-11-30 | 2016-12-29 | Edgewave Gmbh | Master-Oszillator-Leistungsverstärker |
JP2016181184A (ja) * | 2015-03-24 | 2016-10-13 | ソニー株式会社 | 制御装置、光学装置、制御方法及びプログラム |
DE102016124087B3 (de) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-09-28 | Active Fiber Systems Gmbh | Erzeugung von Laserpulsen in einem Burstbetrieb |
DE102017210272B3 (de) * | 2017-06-20 | 2018-11-08 | Trumpf Laser Gmbh | Verfahren und Lasersystem zum Erzeugen verstärkter Pulse on Demand-Ausgangslaserpulse |
DE102018200811B4 (de) * | 2018-01-18 | 2020-02-20 | Trumpf Laser Gmbh | Verfahren und Lasersystem zum Erzeugen verstärkter Pulse on Demand-Ausgangslaserpulse |
DE102020206636B3 (de) | 2020-05-27 | 2021-07-01 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung eingetragener Verein | Laseranordnung und Verfahren zum Steuern einer Laseranordnung |
-
2021
- 2021-02-17 DE DE102021201493.3A patent/DE102021201493A1/de active Pending
- 2021-12-21 EP EP21844283.8A patent/EP4295452A1/de active Pending
- 2021-12-21 CN CN202180094037.3A patent/CN116998069A/zh active Pending
- 2021-12-21 WO PCT/EP2021/087158 patent/WO2022174961A1/de active Application Filing
- 2021-12-21 KR KR1020237029960A patent/KR20230136656A/ko unknown
-
2023
- 2023-08-11 US US18/448,217 patent/US11942752B2/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20230136656A (ko) | 2023-09-26 |
US11942752B2 (en) | 2024-03-26 |
WO2022174961A1 (de) | 2022-08-25 |
CN116998069A (zh) | 2023-11-03 |
DE102021201493A1 (de) | 2022-08-18 |
US20230387640A1 (en) | 2023-11-30 |
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