EP4291852B1 - Elektrische zündung eines zünders für feuerwaffe - Google Patents

Elektrische zündung eines zünders für feuerwaffe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4291852B1
EP4291852B1 EP22702261.3A EP22702261A EP4291852B1 EP 4291852 B1 EP4291852 B1 EP 4291852B1 EP 22702261 A EP22702261 A EP 22702261A EP 4291852 B1 EP4291852 B1 EP 4291852B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
primer
printed circuit
circuit board
cup
electrical component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP22702261.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP4291852A1 (de
Inventor
Guillaume PONT
Benjamin ISTAZ
Hugues LIBOTTE
Patrick Heins
Bernard BAPS
Romain SANTUS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FN Herstal SA
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FN Herstal SA
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Publication date
Application filed by FN Herstal SA filed Critical FN Herstal SA
Priority to RS20250421A priority Critical patent/RS66763B1/sr
Publication of EP4291852A1 publication Critical patent/EP4291852A1/de
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Publication of EP4291852B1 publication Critical patent/EP4291852B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/12—Bridge initiators
    • F42B3/121—Initiators with incorporated integrated circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/12—Primers; Detonators electric

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electric primer as well as to a small caliber ammunition comprising such an electric primer, a firearm as well as an associated method.
  • a primer of the prior art is known from FR 2438820 A1 .
  • the invention aims to overcome at least one of the drawbacks of the aforementioned state of the art. More particularly, the invention aims to adapt a primer to small or medium calibers without causing additional cost.
  • the invention relates to so-called "reduced lethality" launchers (or weapons) in which the impact energy density (projectile energy on impact divided by the impact surface) is low, generally less than 100J/cm 2 , preferably less than 50J/cm 2 , typically 30J/cm 2 ).
  • this kinetic energy density on impact is nevertheless at least 7J/cm 2 , preferably at least 15J/cm 2 .
  • the invention also relates to a munition comprising a primer according to the invention, characterized in that the munition comprises a projectile, in particular a projectile with reduced lethality.
  • the invention also relates to a firearm comprising an electrical priming circuit comprising a control unit making it possible to measure a quantity of the electrical circuit of the ammunition of the invention when the latter is placed in the firearm, said control unit determining, as a function of said measurement, the presence of ammunition in accordance with the invention.
  • the measures of the invention are interesting in that they make it possible to advantageously combine the field of cartridge making (essentially stamping) and the field of electronics (electronic card assembly).
  • a printed circuit has good insulating properties and fire resistance adapted to the constraints of using a firearm.
  • This type of primer is particularly suitable for so-called "reduced lethality” weapons in which the pyrotechnic charges used to propel the projectile are reduced, thereby reducing the mechanical stress on the bottom of the cartridge.
  • the measures of the invention make it possible to improve the safety of use and can advantageously serve as a means of foolproofing.
  • the primer 2 comprises a primer cup 4 comprising a cylindrical side wall 6, one end of which is closed by a bottom 8 and the other end, open, is adapted to be inserted into a munition 1.
  • the primer 2 comprises a pyrotechnic charge 12, called primary charge 12.
  • This primary charge 12 can be configured to optimize the ignition of a secondary charge 14 included in the munition 1 (cf. fig. 3 )., or serve directly as a propellant charge, in particular, advantageously in the case of low-power munitions such as reduced-lethality launchers.
  • reduced lethality launcher we mean firearms with reduced probabilities of causing serious injury.
  • This reduced lethality can be achieved by using specific projectiles with low penetration (plastic projectile, rubber, breakable envelope containing shot disintegrating on impact, etc.) and/or density, reduced kinetic energy (i.e. the kinetic energy relative to the impact surface is typically of the order of 30 joules/cm 2 ).
  • These projectiles can nevertheless be disabling, causing pain and/or a recoil effect sufficient to dissuade an attacker from continuing their action.
  • they also allow the target to be "marked” using easily identifiable dyes.
  • a printed circuit 16 (Printed Circuit Board (PCB) in English) has two opposite faces 18, 20, said circuit 16 forming at least partly the bottom 8.
  • the two opposite faces comprise an internal face 18 oriented towards the front of the primer 2 in the firing direction and an external face 20 oriented towards the rear.
  • the opposite faces 18, 20 are circular.
  • the printed circuit 16 comprises at least one electrical component 22, in particular a resistor 22, or even several arranged in parallel or in series to optimize (multipoint ignition) or guarantee the priming of the charge pyrotechnic charge 12 by redundancy.
  • the resistor(s) 22 are arranged on the internal face 18 (facing the pyrotechnic charge 12) of the printed circuit 16 so that at least the resistor(s) 22 are in thermal contact with the pyrotechnic charge 12.
  • the figure 1 presents an embodiment with a resistor 22 which is connected in series to a first 24 and a second 26 electrodes.
  • the first electrode 24 is arranged in a central portion of the printed circuit 16. This first electrode 24 comprises a conductive rear face 28, a via passing through the PCB and a front contact in electrical contact with the electrical component 22.
  • the electrical component 22, in particular an electronic compound, preferably a resistor 22, makes it possible to initiate, by heating, the primary pyrotechnic charge 12.
  • the component is either a resistor 22 mounted using an automatic placement machine widely used in electronics, or a simple track whose width is calculated to heat up (or even melt) at the desired temperature.
  • the electrical component 22 may comprise a wire or a strip of metal or alloy connected to two connection parts, said wire or said strip being able to be in direct contact with the pyrotechnic charge 12 (primary).
  • the first electrode 24 is made of a conductive material such as a metal. One end of the first electrode 24 is secured to a conductive plate 28 arranged on the external face 20 of the printed circuit 16 as illustrated in figures 4 And 5 . The other end of the primary electrode is connected to a terminal (conductive part) of the resistor 22.
  • the other terminal (conductive part) of the resistor 22 may be integral with an electrically conductive element arranged radially on the printed circuit 16, extending from its periphery to its central portion, said element being able to be integral with the second electrode when it is formed on the periphery of the printed circuit 16.
  • FIG 2 shows an exploded view of a primer 2 according to the invention comprising a primer cup 4, a printed circuit 16 and a fixing washer 30.
  • the printed circuit 16 may be in the form of a plate, in particular a disk comprising a plastic material preferably with a polymer matrix. This material advantageously comprises a fiber filler minerals such as glass fibers, woven or not. An example of this type of material is an epoxy/fiberglass composite.
  • the printed circuit 16 may be delimited laterally by two cylindrical surfaces of different diameters connected by an annular shoulder 32.
  • the second electrode 26 may be formed on the periphery of the printed circuit 16.
  • the second electrode 26 may be an electrically conductive annular plate.
  • the washer 30 is held in the primer cup 4 by friction.
  • the washer 30 may bear against a peripheral portion of the printed circuit 16 and a portion of the internal surface of the primer cup 4.
  • the washer 30 may be made of a current-conducting material, such as metal.
  • the washer 30 may also serve as a means for retaining the printed circuit 16. Indeed, when the cylindrical side wall 6 of the primer cup 4 has an annular radial projection 34 directed towards the center of the primer 2, the printed circuit 16 is sandwiched (“pincer-like”) between the annular radial projection 34 (forming an annular surface in contact with a peripheral edge of the printed circuit 16) and the washer 30.
  • the printed circuit is held in place by a conductive glue or by brazing forming a brazing ring 31 between the cylindrical side wall 6 and a conductive annular zone at the periphery of the internal face 18 of the printed circuit 16.
  • the choice of the ratio between the internal surface 18 of the printed circuit 16 and the surface defined by ⁇ 4 .D 2 where ⁇ 3.1415 and D defines the diameter of the primer 2, is linked to the diameter D of the primer 2 and to the desired level of electrical insulation of the printed circuit 16.
  • An electrical circuit of the primer 2 described in the figure 1 comprises in series at least one or all of the following components integral with the printed circuit 16: the conductive plate 28 (central), the first electrode 24, the electrical component 22 (resistance), the radial conductive element, the annular plate, as well as at least one or all of the following components integral with the primer cup 4: the washer 30 (or a conductive glue or conductive solder), the cylindrical side wall 6, the annular radial projection 34 and optionally an additional annular plate 36 concentric contiguous with said projection as illustrated in figure 5 .
  • the solution of the figure 5 allows electrical contactors 38 to be brought closer together without the annular radial projection 34 being extended.
  • the annular radial projection 34 can be obtained by deformation of the primer cup 4.
  • the central conductive plate 28 and the annular radial projection 34 or the additional annular plate 36 serve as electrical contacts with the electrical contactors 38 disposed on the firearm as illustrated in figure 5 (solution with additional ring plate 36, see the figure 4 ).
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic perspective view of the priming system at the firearm.
  • the electrical interface between the firearm and the primer 2 may comprise two electrical contactors 38 intended to be held in abutment against the bottom 8 by return means (e.g.: springs) when the primer is housed in the breech.
  • return means e.g.: springs
  • the electrical power supply circuit may be of the capacitive type.
  • a capacitive type circuit is well known, for example, in the automotive field for ignition.
  • a capacitive circuit comprises one or more electronic switches, in particular at least one transistor 40 configured to control the flow of current, at least one voltage source 42 and/or current, as well as a capacitor 44 configured to initially accumulate electrical energy which will then be restored and dissipated in part in the resistor 22 of the primer 2 after the electrical circuit is closed by at least one of the transistors 40 after a firing request.
  • An electronic switch 40 is also understood to mean a power switch/transistor capable of absorbing the current peak occurring in the electrical circuit when the electrical component 22, in particular the resistor 22, is short-circuited with the capacitor 44.
  • the firearm according to the invention also makes it possible to avoid the priming of a primer not conforming to the firearm which would have been lodged by mistake in the breech, thus improving the safety of use by mechanical (e.g.: dimension of the primer) and electronic (e.g.: predefined electrical response to an electrical signal produced by the firearm) foolproofing.
  • mechanical e.g.: dimension of the primer
  • electronic e.g.: predefined electrical response to an electrical signal produced by the firearm
  • the resistor 22 (or the filament acting as a resistor) has a low heat resistance so that the ignition of the primary charge destroys it.
  • the detection of an infinite resistance on the priming circuit makes it possible to determine that the loaded ammunition has already been used and requires replacement. This feature is particularly useful in the case of multiple ammunition placed in a circuit intended for sequential ignition of different cartridges loaded simultaneously.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Details Of Resistors (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Zünder (2) für eine individuelle Feuerwaffe, umfassend:
    - eine Zündkapsel (4), umfassend eine zylindrische Seitenwand (6), die an einem äußeren Ende durch einen Boden (8) geschlossen ist,
    - eine pyrotechnische Ladung (12), die in der Zündkapsel (4) angeordnet ist;
    - eine elektrische Komponente (22), die ausgelegt ist, um die thermische Energie zu erzeugen, die für die Zündung der pyrotechnischen Ladung (12) erforderlich ist, wobei die besagte Ladung (12) in Kontakt mit der elektrischen Komponente (22) ist;
    - eine Leiterplatte (16), wobei die besagte Leiterplatte (16) eine innere Seite (18) umfasst, umfassend die elektrische Komponente (22) in Kontakt mit der pyrotechnischen Ladung (12),
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die besagte Leiterplatte (16) mindestens teilweise den äußeren Boden (8) der Zündkapsel (4) bildet.
  2. Zündung (2) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die besagte innere Seite (18) eine Fläche darstellt, die mindestens 40 %, vorzugsweise mindestens 60 %, insbesondere mindestens 70 % und ganz besonders mindestens 80 % der Fläche repräsentiert, die von π 4 . D 2
    Figure imgb0003
    definiert wird, wobei D der Durchmesser (2) der Zündung ist.
  3. Zündung (2) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine äußere Seite (20) der Leiterplatte (16) flächenbündig mit der hinteren Basis der zylindrischen Seitenwand (6) der Zündkapsel (4) ist.
  4. Zündung (2) nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leiterplatte (16) die Form einer Scheibe aufweist, umfassend einen Absatz (32), der so konfiguriert ist, dass die Leiterplatte (16) durch Formverbindung in die Zündkapsel (4) eingeführt werden kann.
  5. Zündung (12) nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zwei zylindrischen Flächen mit verschiedenen Durchmessern untereinander an einem ihrer Enden durch den ringförmigen Absatz (32) miteinander verbunden sind, wobei die zwei zylindrischen Flächen jeweils durch die innere Seite (18) und die äußere Seite (20) an ihrem anderen Ende geschlossen sind.
  6. Zündung (2) nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Leiterplatte (16) einen leitenden ringförmigen Abschnitt umfasst, wobei die Zündkapsel (4) in elektrischem Kontakt mit der Leiterplatte (16) entweder über eine leitende Scheibe (30), die auf dem besagten leitenden ringförmigen Abschnitt und auf einem entsprechenden Abschnitt einer inneren Fläche der zylindrischen Seitenwand (6) der Zündkapsel (4) aufliegt, oder entweder über einen leitenden Klebstoff (31) oder ein Lötmittel, der/das zwischen dem besagten leitenden ringförmigen Abschnitt und einem entsprechenden Abschnitt einer inneren Fläche der zylindrischen Seitenwand (6) der Zündkapsel (4) aufgbracht ist
  7. Zündung (2) nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leiterplatte (16) eine erste Elektrode (24) umfasst, die einen zentralen Abschnitt der Leiterplatte (16) quert, wobei sich die besagte Elektrode von der inneren Seite (18) an die äußere Seite (20) erstreckt und eine zweite ringförmige Elektrode am Umfang der Leiterplatte (16) positioniert ist.
  8. Zündung (2) nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Elektrode (24) zwei Enden darstellt, von denen eines mit der elektrischen Komponente (22) und das andere mit einer leitenden Platte (28), vorzugsweise ohne Perforation, die auf der äußeren Seite (20) der Leiterplatte (16) angeordnet ist verbunden ist.
  9. Zündung (2) nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrische Komponente (22) mit der zweiten Elektrode (26) elektrisch verbunden ist.
  10. Zündung (2) nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrische Komponente (22) einen Widerstand umfasst, der ausgelegt ist, um die pyrotechnische Ladung (12) zu initiieren.
  11. Zündung (2) nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich ein ringförmiger radialer Vorsprung (34) vom Ende der seitlichen zylindrischen Wand (6) hin zum Inneren der Zündung (2) erstreckt und eine seitliche Fläche des besagten Vorsprungs (34) gegen die Auflage (32) der Leiterplatte (16) aufliegt.
  12. Zündung (2) nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrische Komponente (22) auf der Achse der Zündkapsel (4) positioniert ist.
  13. Zündung (2) nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die pyrotechnische Ladung (12) eine primäre Ladung (12) ist, die konfiguriert ist, um die Zündung zu initiieren.
  14. Zündung (2) nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine Abschnitt eines Umfangsrandes der Leiterplatte (16) gegen einen entsprechenden Abschnitt der zylindrischen Seitenwand (6) aufliegt.
  15. Munition (1), umfassend eine Zündung nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Munition (1) ein Projektil (10) umfasst, insbesondere ein Projektil (10) mit reduzierter Letalität.
EP22702261.3A 2021-02-10 2022-01-27 Elektrische zündung eines zünders für feuerwaffe Active EP4291852B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RS20250421A RS66763B1 (sr) 2021-02-10 2022-01-27 Električno paljenje za upaljač kod vatrenog oružja

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21156325.9A EP4043828A1 (de) 2021-02-10 2021-02-10 Elektrische zündung eines zünders für feuerwaffe
PCT/EP2022/051912 WO2022171453A1 (fr) 2021-02-10 2022-01-27 Amorçage electrique d'une amorce pour arme a feu

Publications (2)

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EP4291852A1 EP4291852A1 (de) 2023-12-20
EP4291852B1 true EP4291852B1 (de) 2025-03-05

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EP21156325.9A Withdrawn EP4043828A1 (de) 2021-02-10 2021-02-10 Elektrische zündung eines zünders für feuerwaffe
EP22702261.3A Active EP4291852B1 (de) 2021-02-10 2022-01-27 Elektrische zündung eines zünders für feuerwaffe

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Country Link
US (1) US12392592B2 (de)
EP (2) EP4043828A1 (de)
KR (1) KR20230142550A (de)
ES (1) ES3026119T3 (de)
FI (1) FI4291852T3 (de)
PL (1) PL4291852T3 (de)
PT (1) PT4291852T (de)
RS (1) RS66763B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2022171453A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102024102719A1 (de) * 2024-01-31 2025-07-31 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Kontaktierungseinheit und patronierte Munition

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1771889A1 (de) * 1968-07-25 1972-01-27 Dynamit Nobel Ag Elektrisches Zuendelement
FR2438820A1 (fr) * 1978-10-13 1980-05-09 France Etat Dispositif electrique d'allumage d'une substance pyrotechnique
GB2068087B (en) * 1980-01-25 1983-05-25 Wallop Ind Ltd Pyrotechnic cartridge
US5044278A (en) * 1989-07-03 1991-09-03 James E. Meagher Electrically ignitible cartridge system
FR2669725B1 (fr) * 1990-11-27 1994-10-07 Thomson Brandt Armements Detonateur pyrotechnique a connexions coaxiales.
US5385097A (en) * 1993-07-16 1995-01-31 At&T Corp. Electroexplosive device
US6131515A (en) * 1997-12-11 2000-10-17 Remington Arms Company, Inc. Electric primer
DE19853290C2 (de) * 1998-11-19 2001-10-11 Tzn Forschung & Entwicklung Aus einer großkalibrigen Waffe verschießbare Patrone
FR2823562B1 (fr) * 2001-04-12 2003-08-22 Radio Concept Dev Et Comm Dispositif de commande d'un inflammateur electrique pour la mise a feu d'un artifice
US6910420B1 (en) * 2003-03-04 2005-06-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Electrical initiation system
WO2015018828A1 (de) 2013-08-05 2015-02-12 Ruag Ammotec Gmbh Elektrisches anzündhütchen für kleinkaliber-munition
RU2602527C1 (ru) * 2015-07-27 2016-11-20 Геннадий Александрович Бидеев Патрон для бесствольного стрелкового оружия нелетального действия

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FI4291852T3 (fi) 2025-05-15
RS66763B1 (sr) 2025-05-30
PT4291852T (pt) 2025-04-14
ES3026119T3 (en) 2025-06-10
US20240118064A1 (en) 2024-04-11
EP4043828A1 (de) 2022-08-17
US12392592B2 (en) 2025-08-19
EP4291852A1 (de) 2023-12-20
WO2022171453A1 (fr) 2022-08-18
KR20230142550A (ko) 2023-10-11
PL4291852T3 (pl) 2025-06-23

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