EP4288583A1 - Dispositif de fourniture d'un composant gazeux et véhicule comprenant un tel dispositif - Google Patents

Dispositif de fourniture d'un composant gazeux et véhicule comprenant un tel dispositif

Info

Publication number
EP4288583A1
EP4288583A1 EP21847717.2A EP21847717A EP4288583A1 EP 4288583 A1 EP4288583 A1 EP 4288583A1 EP 21847717 A EP21847717 A EP 21847717A EP 4288583 A1 EP4288583 A1 EP 4288583A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chamber
electrolyte
gas component
unit
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21847717.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sebastian Markgraf
Fabian Fremdling
Hans Reuck
Walter Jehle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
Original Assignee
Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Defence and Space GmbH filed Critical Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
Publication of EP4288583A1 publication Critical patent/EP4288583A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • C25B15/083—Separating products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
    • C25B15/087—Recycling of electrolyte to electrochemical cell
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
    • C25B9/19—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof with diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/67—Heating or cooling means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
    • C25B9/77—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having diaphragms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to asymmetric circulation electrolysis systems operable under high pressure conditions.
  • the invention relates to a device for providing a gas component and a vehicle with such a device.
  • High-pressure gas storage is an essential component for the use of hydrogen-powered systems.
  • Conventional electrolysis systems for supplying hydrogen are operated at maximum pressures of up to 40 bar, with the subsequent storage of the hydrogen requiring additional pressurization in order to be able to store the hydrogen effectively. This leads to a reduction in efficiency and reliability and an increase in mass and volume of hydrogen-powered systems.
  • complex feed pumps are usually required to provide an educt for the electrolysis, which which in turn can result in increased weight or reduced system reliability.
  • existing electrolysis systems cannot be operated under microgravity conditions, which limits the possible uses of such systems.
  • EP 2 463 407 B1 and US 2013/0 313 126 A1 describe an electrolysis method with an electrode-membrane-electrode arrangement which comprises two porous electrodes with a porous intermediate membrane or with an ion exchange membrane. The liquid electrolyte is fed directly into the electrode-membrane-electrode assembly.
  • a device for providing a gas component comprises an electrolysis unit with a first chamber and a second chamber, the first chamber being separated from the second chamber by a separating unit.
  • the first chamber is designed to accommodate an electrolyte, for example together with an educt in the form of water, and to provide a first gas component, for example hydrogen.
  • the second chamber is designed to provide a second gas component, for example oxygen.
  • a pressure within the second chamber is greater than a pressure within the first chamber, with the electrolyte only flowing in the first chamber and the passage of the electrolyte into the second chamber being prevented in order to separate the second gas component provided from the electrolyte to keep.
  • the device also includes a phase separation unit, which is designed to to separate the first gas component from the electrolyte, in order thus to provide the first gas component, for example in pure form.
  • a phase separation unit which is designed to to separate the first gas component from the electrolyte, in order thus to provide the first gas component, for example in pure form.
  • the first gas component can be fed to a store or a consumer, for example, it being possible for the electrolyte to be fed back to the electrolysis unit after the separation.
  • the second gas component can also be fed to a storage facility or a consumer after it has been made available.
  • the device mentioned above, together with the electrolysis unit, can be operated at high pressures of, for example, more than 50 bar or even more than 100 bar, as a result of which additional pressurization before storage of the gas components provided is avoided or simplified. Likewise, a very high gas quality or gas purity can be achieved both for the first gas component provided and for the second gas component provided. Water vapor that may occur during electrolysis can also be reduced.
  • the device according to the invention a higher system efficiency is achieved, in particular, in that additional pressurization components are dispensed with, since the electrolysis itself can already be operated at the pressure required for an intended use.
  • phase separation can be provided in the electrolysis under high pressure using the device.
  • the electrolyte present in liquid form, which is only in the first chamber, can be kept separate from the second gas component in the second chamber.
  • electrolyte circulation is only provided within the first chamber, whereas no electrolyte circulation takes place within the second chamber.
  • an asymmetrical electrolyte circulation is thus provided.
  • a two-phase flow of liquid electrolyte and the first gas component contained therein can be formed in the first chamber.
  • the electrolysis unit can be provided in the form of a cell, which comprises a closed unit with an electrolyte inflow and two outflows, the first outflow being provided for a combined electrolyte-gas component outflow and the second outflow being provided for a pure gas outflow.
  • the combined electrolyte-gas component discharge can include discharging the electrolyte together with the first gas component provided by the electrolysis from the first chamber.
  • the second outflow can include discharging the provided second gas component from the second chamber.
  • the electrolysis unit can have a frame structure which surrounds the two chambers. This can be designed to absorb structural loads, for example to form a type of pressure vessel.
  • the electrolysis unit can also have two electrodes, ie a cathode and an anode.
  • a reaction to form the first and the second gas component can take place at the electrodes in order to subsequently provide them.
  • the cathode can be arranged in the first chamber and the anode can be arranged in the second chamber.
  • the first chamber can be referred to as the cathode chamber and the second chamber as the anode chamber.
  • the anode is provided in the first chamber and the cathode in the second chamber and thus the electrolyte is present on the anode side or the electrolyte circulation takes place only in the anode chamber while the cathode chamber is kept free of the electrolyte.
  • the electrolysis unit can be operated with asymmetric circulation, which means that either the anode chamber or the cathode chamber is free of electrolyte and only has a gas component.
  • electrolyte always circulates in only one of the two chambers, while the other side remains "dry”.
  • the second gas component is oxygen
  • a pressure level of approximately 100 bar can be provided, for example, in order to provide “dry” or pure oxygen in the second chamber.
  • the separating unit can be provided within the electrolysis unit in the form of a dividing wall which spatially separates the first chamber from the second chamber.
  • the Separation unit can have a membrane structure designed to keep the electrolyte in the first chamber and thus keep the second chamber free of electrolyte.
  • a pressure is provided within the second chamber which exceeds a pressure within the first chamber, as a result of which the flow of the electrolyte takes place only in the first chamber and passage of the electrolyte into the second chamber is prevented.
  • the separating unit can be designed to ensure ionic charge transport in order to be able to provide the second gas component in the second chamber.
  • the first gas component is provided in the first chamber by an electrolysis process. If hydrogen EL is provided using a potassium hydroxide solution (KOH + H2O) as the electrolyte, the following chemical reaction can occur in the electrolysis unit: H2O - H2 + V2O2. In this case, oxygen O2 is provided in the second chamber as the second gas component.
  • KOH + H2O potassium hydroxide solution
  • the second gas component is discharged from the second chamber in pure form or almost pure form for further use. Provision can furthermore be made for the first gas component to be discharged from the electrolysis unit together with part of the electrolyte fed to the first chamber, with a phase separation of the electrolyte present in liquid form and the first gas component present in gaseous form subsequently taking place in the phase separation unit. Before this phase separation, the first gas component can be present in the form of bubbles within the discharged electrolyte.
  • the phase separation in the phase separation unit can take place, for example, by gravimetry, using a centrifuge or by means of a membrane. A phase separation by means of a membrane will be explained in more detail below. It is understood that other phase separation techniques can also be used.
  • the first gas component separated from the electrolyte in the phase separation unit can then be fed to a store or a consumer for further use.
  • this can then be used, for example, as an energy carrier or fuel for a drive unit.
  • the very high pressure level that can be provided in the electrolysis unit and in the separation unit which can be greater than 50 bar, for example, can be used advantageously for storage, since no or only a small further increase in pressure would be required to make the first gas component effective after it has been made available to be able to save.
  • the plurality of electrolysis units can be provided, for example, in a parallel arrangement in an electrolyte circuit of the device.
  • a pressure difference between the first chamber and the second chamber generated via the separating unit causes the electrolyte to be located only in the first chamber when the electrolysis unit is in an operating state and the second chamber contains no electrolyte.
  • a continuous overpressure of the second gas component compared to the first gas component can be provided.
  • the pressure difference between the two chambers can be arbitrary, with structural properties of the electrolysis unit, in particular the separating unit, having an influence on the pressures provided in each case.
  • the pressure difference is selected such that the separation of the electrolyte in the first chamber and the second gas component in the second chamber is ensured in order to ensure contamination of the second gas component. It can be provided that the following pressure property applies to the electrolysis unit, where p indicates the pressure: p(second gas component)>p(electrolyte circuit)>p(first gas component) p(environment)
  • the device is operable at a pressure of at least 50 bar.
  • the entire device can be operated at a pressure of at least 50 bar.
  • the electrolysis unit can be operated together with the phase separation unit at a pressure of at least 50 bar.
  • the pressure at which the device can be operated can also be at least 60 bar, at least 80 bar or at least 100 bar. Provision can also be made for the device to be able to be operated at an elevated temperature which, for example, is greater than room temperature. A temperature range for possible operating temperatures can be 20°C to 200°C.
  • the separation unit has a membrane structure with pores.
  • the separating unit which separates the first from the second chamber, can have a membrane.
  • a fabric made of polyphenylene sulfide with a coating of polymer and zirconium oxide can be provided for this purpose.
  • the membrane can have a thickness of 500 microns, a porosity of 55 percent and a pore size of less than 0.05 microns.
  • a bubble pressure in the membrane can be 2 bar. This bubble pressure can depend on the pore size in the membrane. Greater bubble pressures are achieved, for example, when smaller pores are provided, as a result of which a greater pressure difference can be set between the first and second chambers. It can be provided that the pressure difference between the first and second chambers, which is formed across the membrane, is not greater than the bladder pressure.
  • the separation unit alternatively has a membrane structure without pores, which is designed to enable transport of a liquid and prevent transport of a gas component.
  • this membrane is a gas-tight membrane which, however, has the ability to transport liquid.
  • This membrane can have a high ion conductivity, for example for OH′ ions.
  • it is a lonomr Aemion® membrane.
  • the membrane may have a thickness of 50 microns.
  • the pressures in the first and second chambers can also be freely selected for this alternative, as long as this does not impair the stability of the membrane located between the chambers, across which the pressure difference is formed.
  • such a type of closed membrane without pores can be provided, so that no pressure difference is necessary to keep the electrolyte on one side, ie in one of the two chambers.
  • the phase separation unit has a membrane structure that is designed to separate the first gas component from the electrolyte in order to thus provide the first gas component, so that the first gas component can then be fed to a storage unit or a consumer.
  • the effluent from the electrolysis unit may be in the form of a combination of electrolyte and first gas component, the first gas component being dissolved and contained in the liquid electrolyte in the form of bubbles.
  • the phase separation unit can now completely separate the first gas component from the electrolyte, so that pure electrolyte can be returned to the circuit and thus to the electrolysis unit.
  • the phase separation is carried out by a membrane structure, for example a hollow-fiber membrane structure, which makes the device suitable for use under microgravity conditions.
  • a loss of electrolyte during phase separation can be reduced as a result.
  • the device can be operated under microgravity conditions, so that when a microgravity condition occurs, the separation of the first gas component from the electrolyte in the phase separation unit is ensured, in order to thus provide the first gas component.
  • the phase separation unit can ensure that the first gas component can be separated from the electrolyte even in weightlessness, which makes the device particularly suitable for use in space vehicles.
  • the phase separation unit can have a membrane, through which the first gas component can be separated from the electrolyte.
  • the device also has an electrolyte circuit and a supply unit, the supply unit being designed to provide the electrolyte circuit with a starting material using osmosis.
  • the use of a pump to provide the educt that is to say to feed the educt into the electrolysis circuit, can be avoided.
  • a high pressure present in the circuit, as described above would first have to be applied by the pump.
  • This application of a high pressure of, for example, 100 bar by a pump can thus be avoided.
  • a pressure difference is created within the supply unit by setting a difference in electrolyte concentration on different sides of a membrane of the supply unit. This is explained in more detail in the description of the figures.
  • the educt can be water, for example.
  • the first gas component is hydrogen EE and/or the second gas component is oxygen O2.
  • suitable gas components can be generated using the device according to the invention. This can depend on the selection of the reactant supplied.
  • the electrolysis unit has a frame structure, with the phase separation unit being integrated into the frame structure of the electrolysis unit.
  • a frame structure can include, for example, a jacket or other structural elements that are suitable for forming or at least partially forming a closed form of the electrolysis unit.
  • the phase separation unit directly adjoins an outer wall of the electrolysis unit with an outer wall.
  • the device also has a heat exchanger which is integrated into the electrolysis unit.
  • Structural integration can mean that the respective components are separated from one another by a maximum of one additional component, such as an intermediate wall.
  • the heat exchanger directly adjoins an outer wall of the electrolysis unit with an outer wall.
  • the Heat exchangers can allow thermal control of the device, in particular control of the temperature in the electrolyte circuit.
  • a vehicle is provided with the device for providing a gas component described above and below.
  • the vehicle is an aircraft with the device for providing a gas component described above and below.
  • the aircraft can be a manned or an unmanned aircraft.
  • the aircraft can be an aircraft, in particular a transport aircraft or a passenger aircraft. However, the aircraft can also be any other missile.
  • the vehicle is a spacecraft with the device for providing a gas component described above and below.
  • the spacecraft can be a manned or an unmanned spacecraft.
  • the spacecraft may be a satellite, rocket, or the like.
  • the device described above and below is designed to be used in a stationary application.
  • a stationary or stationary platform can be provided with the device according to the invention.
  • a gas component for example hydrogen
  • a very high pressure of approx. 100 bar or even more, which affects the storage density and thus the system efficiency, for example can significantly improve hydrogen storage and propulsion systems.
  • the gas purity of the gas components produced can be increased and a possibly occurring water vapor content can be reduced.
  • the device according to the invention can offer advantages in terms of reduced system complexity, lower risk of failure, lower energy consumption, lower masses and volumes due to fewer components required for circulating the electrolyte, etc. Due to the osmotic reactant supply, the use of pumps for this can be dispensed with, which in turn The complexity, energy consumption and failure risks of the entire system are reduced because fewer moving or complex parts are used.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device for providing a gas component according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 shows part of the device from FIG. 1 with an educt supply using a pump according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 shows part of the device from FIG. 1 with feed of educt using osmosis according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 shows a feed unit with an osmosis membrane according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 shows an aircraft with the device from FIG. 1 according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 shows a device for providing a gas component with a plurality of electrolysis units according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed description of exemplary embodiments
  • the device comprises an electrolysis unit 20 with a first chamber 21 and a second chamber 22, the first chamber 21 being separated from the second chamber 22 by a separating unit 23.
  • An electrode 28 and a flow field 29 are located in each of the chambers 21, 22.
  • the separating unit 23 can be designed in the form of a porous or non-porous membrane.
  • An electrolyte 13 is supplied to the electrolysis unit 20 via a line circuit 80 .
  • the electrolyte 13 may be an aqueous solution such as a potassium hydroxide solution.
  • the electrolyte 13 flows within the line circuit 80 , with an educt 14 consumed during the electrolysis, for example water, being introduced from an educt supply unit 53 via a feed unit 50 into the electrolyte 13 already in the circuit 80 . In this way it is ensured that a sufficient quantity of educt 14 can always be supplied to the electrolyte 13 and thus to the electrolysis unit 20 .
  • the electrolyte 13 passes from the circuit 80 into the first chamber 21 of the electrolysis unit 20, with a chemical reaction taking place in the chamber, as a result of which a first gas component 11 is formed, which is present in the first chamber 21 alongside the electrolyte 13.
  • electrolyte 13 circulates within first chamber 21 and the first gas component 11 can be provided by the chemical reaction, which is then discharged from electrolysis unit 20 via a drain 82 together with a portion of electrolyte 13 .
  • the discharged partial amount of electrolyte 13 is smaller than the amount of electrolyte 13 which is supplied to the electrolysis unit 20 via the inflow 81 .
  • a second gas component 12 (not shown in FIG.
  • This second gas component 12 is generated in the second chamber 22 by a chemical reaction in the region of the separating unit 23 and the electrode 28 .
  • This second gas component 12 is in turn discharged from the electrolysis unit 23 via the further outflow 83 and is made available for further use in a consumer 40 or for storage in a storage unit 40 at high pressure and in pure form.
  • a pressure within the second chamber 22 is greater than a pressure within the first chamber 21, so that an electrolyte flow of the electrolyte 13 takes place only in the first chamber 21 and a passage of the electrolyte 13 into the second chamber 22 is prevented, in order to thus provide the second To keep gas component 12 separated from the electrolyte 13.
  • the pressure difference between the first chamber 21 and the second chamber 22 generated by the separating unit 23 causes the electrolyte to 13 is in an operating state of the electrolysis unit 20 only in the first chamber 21 and the second chamber 22 includes no electrolyte 13, but only the second gas component 12 with a high degree of purity.
  • a phase separation unit 30 is also integrated into the circuit 80, which is designed to separate the first gas component 11 from the electrolyte 13 in order to thus use the first gas component 11 for further use in a consumer 41 or for storage in a reservoir 41 at high pressure and to be provided in its pure form.
  • the pressure at which the device 10 including the electrolysis unit 20, the phase separation unit 30 and the line circuit 80 can be operated can be around 100 bar, whereby it should be noted that the aforementioned pressure difference between the first chamber 21 and the second chamber 22 is complied with. A small pressure difference can already be sufficient for this pressure difference.
  • the electrolysis unit 20 can have one or more frames 26 with separating plates 25 (for example bipolar plates). Together with end flanges 27, the frames 26 provide a Sealing of the electrolysis unit 20 from the environment, apart from the inflow 81 and the outflows 82, 83 safe.
  • separating plates 25 for example bipolar plates
  • the device 10 also includes a heat exchanger 60 for removing heat from the electrolyte circuit 80 and a pump 70 for circulating the electrolyte 13 within the circuit 80.
  • the pump 70 is arranged in the line circuit 80 and conveys the electrolyte 13 into the electrolysis unit 20
  • the phase separation unit 30 and/or the heat exchanger 60 can be integrated into the electrolysis unit 20.
  • FIG. 6 An electrolysis cell arrangement 90 with three electrolysis units 20 or electrolysis cells 20 is shown in FIG. 6 as an additional exemplary embodiment. It should be understood that the number of electrolytic cells 20 present in the assembly 90 can be chosen at will.
  • FIG. 2 shows a part of the device 10 from FIG. 1, a starting material supply 50 using a pump 51 being provided.
  • the pump 51 is fed with educt 14 from an educt supply 53 .
  • the pump 51 increases a pressure of the electrolyte 13 circulating in the line circuit 80 to the desired system pressure.
  • the pump 70 which conveys the electrolyte 13 in the circuit 80 or moves the electrolyte 13 into the electrolysis unit 20 .
  • FIG. 3 shows part of the device 10 from FIG. 1 with a reactant feed 50 using osmosis and thus an alternative to the configuration shown in FIG. In FIG. 3, therefore, an osmosis reactant supply 52 is provided instead of the pump supply 51 used in FIG.
  • the pressure of 100 bar, for example, desired for the circuit 80 is provided via an osmotic process in the osmosis reactant supply 52 . It can thus be provided that the pump 70 is the only pump within the device 10 .
  • FIG. 4 shows the osmosis reactant supply 52 from FIG. 3 in a schematic detailed view.
  • the osmosis reactant feed 52 has a membrane 54, which can also be referred to as an osmosis membrane.
  • the pressure of the electrolyte 13 present in the circuit 80 is achieved by a concentration difference in the electrolyte concentration between the supply side 53 and the circuit side 80. This difference in concentration is formed via a concentration gradient across the osmosis membrane 54 .
  • the concentration of electrolyte 13 on the feed side 53 is significantly lower than on the circuit side 80 or this concentration is zero, which would mean that pure educt 14 is present on the feed side 53 . In one example, this creates a pressure of about one bar on the supply side 53, while a pressure of about 100 bar develops on the circuit side 80.
  • the electrolyte 13 can be formed by an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH + H2O).
  • KOH + H2O potassium hydroxide
  • the concentration of potassium hydroxide based on the proportion of water on the feed side 53 would be very low, whereas the concentration of potassium hydroxide based on the proportion of water on the circuit side 80 would be significantly higher.
  • a significantly lower osmotic pressure forms on the supply side 53 than on the circulation side 80.
  • the osmosis membrane 54 is selectively permeable to water for this purpose, so that the water content of the potassium hydroxide solution can migrate across the membrane 54.
  • the osmotic pressure of the potassium hydroxide solution is dependent on the temperature.
  • the osmotic pressure is thus a variable that is dependent on the temperature on the one hand and the concentration of electrolyte 13 on the other.
  • the pressure difference arising between the supply side 53 and the circuit side 80, which is caused by osmosis, represents the difference between the osmotic pressure of the electrolyte 13 on the supply side 53 and the osmotic pressure of the electrolyte 13 on the circuit side 80.
  • the osmotic pressure on the circuit side 80 is significantly higher than on the supply side 53.
  • the osmotic pressure of the electrolyte 13 on the circuit side 80 is about 100 bar and the osmotic pressure of the electrolyte 13 on the supply side 53 is about one bar or ambient pressure.
  • this osmosis reactant supply 52 which is described with reference to FIG to be able to provide at high pressure. Provision can also be made for the area of the osmosis membrane 54, ie the area of the membrane 54 relevant to the mass transfer, to be sufficiently large that sufficient electrolyte 13 and educt 14 can always be made available for the electrolysis unit 20.
  • FIG. 5 shows an aircraft 100, in particular an airplane, with the device 10 from FIG.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif (10) pour fournir un composant gazeux (11, 12). Le dispositif (10) comprend une unité d'électrolyse (20) comportant une première chambre (21) et une deuxième chambre (22), la première chambre (21) étant séparée de la deuxième chambre (22) par une unité de séparation (23). La première chambre (21) est configurée pour recevoir un électrolyte (13) et pour fournir un premier composant gazeux (11), et la deuxième chambre (22) est configurée pour fournir un deuxième composant gazeux (12). Une pression à l'intérieur de la deuxième chambre (22) est supérieure à une pression à l'intérieur de la première chambre (21), un écoulement d'électrolyte de l'électrolyte (13) se produisant uniquement dans la première chambre (21) et un passage de l'électrolyte (13) dans la deuxième chambre (22) étant empêché de façon à maintenir le deuxième composant gazeux (12) fourni séparé de l'électrolyte (13). Le dispositif comprend en outre une unité de séparation de phase (30) qui est conçue pour séparer le premier composant gazeux (11) de l'électrolyte (13) afin de fournir ainsi le premier composant gazeux (11). L'invention concerne en outre un aéronef (100) ou un engin spatial comprenant un tel dispositif (10).
EP21847717.2A 2021-02-03 2021-12-29 Dispositif de fourniture d'un composant gazeux et véhicule comprenant un tel dispositif Pending EP4288583A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021102535.4A DE102021102535A1 (de) 2021-02-03 2021-02-03 Vorrichtung zur Bereitstellung einer Gaskomponente sowie Fahrzeug mit einer solchen Vorrichtung
PCT/EP2021/087783 WO2022167143A1 (fr) 2021-02-03 2021-12-29 Dispositif de fourniture d'un composant gazeux et véhicule comprenant un tel dispositif

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4288583A1 true EP4288583A1 (fr) 2023-12-13

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EP21847717.2A Pending EP4288583A1 (fr) 2021-02-03 2021-12-29 Dispositif de fourniture d'un composant gazeux et véhicule comprenant un tel dispositif

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US (1) US20240093396A1 (fr)
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DE (1) DE102021102535A1 (fr)
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