EP4286121A1 - Drehbare betätigungseinheit zur unterstützung von schneidwerkzeugen für weiche blattmaterialien - Google Patents

Drehbare betätigungseinheit zur unterstützung von schneidwerkzeugen für weiche blattmaterialien Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4286121A1
EP4286121A1 EP23175342.7A EP23175342A EP4286121A1 EP 4286121 A1 EP4286121 A1 EP 4286121A1 EP 23175342 A EP23175342 A EP 23175342A EP 4286121 A1 EP4286121 A1 EP 4286121A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axis
operating unit
tool
rotating plate
slide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23175342.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Livio SAVORELLI
Marcello D'auria
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SCM Group SpA
Original Assignee
SCM Group SpA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SCM Group SpA filed Critical SCM Group SpA
Publication of EP4286121A1 publication Critical patent/EP4286121A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D3/00—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
    • B26D3/08—Making a superficial cut in the surface of the work without removal of material, e.g. scoring, incising
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D3/00—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
    • B26D3/08—Making a superficial cut in the surface of the work without removal of material, e.g. scoring, incising
    • B26D3/085—On sheet material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/02—Means for moving the cutting member into its operative position for cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/08—Means for actuating the cutting member to effect the cut
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/26—Means for mounting or adjusting the cutting member; Means for adjusting the stroke of the cutting member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/26—Means for mounting or adjusting the cutting member; Means for adjusting the stroke of the cutting member
    • B26D7/2614—Means for mounting the cutting member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
    • B26F1/3806—Cutting-out; Stamping-out wherein relative movements of tool head and work during cutting have a component tangential to the work surface
    • B26F1/3813—Cutting-out; Stamping-out wherein relative movements of tool head and work during cutting have a component tangential to the work surface wherein the tool head is moved in a plane parallel to the work in a coordinate system fixed with respect to the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
    • B26F1/3806—Cutting-out; Stamping-out wherein relative movements of tool head and work during cutting have a component tangential to the work surface
    • B26F1/3813—Cutting-out; Stamping-out wherein relative movements of tool head and work during cutting have a component tangential to the work surface wherein the tool head is moved in a plane parallel to the work in a coordinate system fixed with respect to the work
    • B26F1/382—Cutting-out; Stamping-out wherein relative movements of tool head and work during cutting have a component tangential to the work surface wherein the tool head is moved in a plane parallel to the work in a coordinate system fixed with respect to the work wherein the cutting member reciprocates in, or substantially in, a direction parallel to the cutting edge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F1/00—Mechanical deformation without removing material, e.g. in combination with laminating
    • B31F1/08—Creasing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D2007/0012—Details, accessories or auxiliary or special operations not otherwise provided for
    • B26D2007/0093—Details, accessories or auxiliary or special operations not otherwise provided for for embossing, forming, creasing, flange forming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
    • B26F2001/388—Cutting-out; Stamping-out controlling the blade orientation along the cutting path
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/38—Cutting-out; Stamping-out
    • B26F1/44—Cutters therefor; Dies therefor
    • B26F2001/4445—Matrices, female dies, creasing tools

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a swiveling operating unit for supporting cutting tools for making cuts on shaped semi-finished products in thin sheets made of soft materials.
  • the invention relates to an operating unit of the above type, designed and manufactured in particular for carrying out both cutting lines and pressing lines on materials such as cardboard, corrugated plastics, composite materials, and the like, to be performed using tools shaped respectively cutting flat plate, or flat blunt.
  • the tools are supported by relative tool holders and, through these, they are associated with the operating unit itself.
  • said operating units provide, by means of members included therein, to position the tools around the axis of the tool holder, in accordance with the curve that the tool must follow on the piece.
  • Said operating units are generally foreseen to be associated with a mobile translating carriage, in a machine tool, generally called plotter cutting, which gives the unit itself the degrees of freedom of translation necessary to perform a predetermined curve on the piece.
  • the operating unit object of the invention can be used to perform any other type of piece machining, during which a tool holder is constantly positioned with its axis normal to a flat surface of a piece L to be machined, and in which, moreover, it is necessary to orient, in a controlled way, the tool holder itself around its own axis.
  • Said operating units in their classic execution of the prior art, comprise a load-supporting base, which configures an element having the shape of a flat plate, vertically arranged on the machine, and on which the various tool holders are constrained, arranged side by side according to a linear array and with its axis normal to the surface of the piece being worked.
  • the tool holders of the prior art are similar to an elongated cylindrical cartridge, generally having a diameter of about 40 millimeters.
  • the tool is mounted at one end of the cartridge.
  • the number of tool holders which in the prior art are usually found associated with the supporting base is generally equal to three, so as to carry out most of the operations envisaged on a given batch of semi-finished products, without having to replace the tool holders on the supporting base.
  • a linear actuator which selects the tool holder to be lowered with respect to the supporting base itself, until engaging the relative tool on the sheet being worked, according to an on-off mode, or under the action of a controlled linear actuator.
  • each tool holder is associated with the supporting base in a rotatable and controlled manner, around its own axis, so as to allow any angular orientation of the relative tool.
  • each tool holder with respect to the supporting base, is in the systems according to the prior art, controlled with an electric motor.
  • the load- supporting base and the tool holders constrained thereto are supported on a machine tool of the type comprising a base and a work table of flat and horizontal shape, suitable for clamping the sheets to be worked.
  • the machine tool also includes a kinematic chain made with translating carriages in series, on the last of which the supporting base is mounted, so that the machine can give it all the translations necessary to bring the axis of each tool holder on a desired point of the work curve and to adjust the depth of the pass of the tool into the piece.
  • a first problem encountered derives from the fact that, in order to be able to continue to operate correctly, it is necessary to make each of the tool holders orientable, with respect to the supporting base, in an angularly controlled manner. This characteristic, in the embodiments of the prior art, is obtained by providing each tool holder with a relative actuator, angularly controlled. This represents an increase in production costs.
  • a second technical problem of the systems according to the prior art emerges when the lowering of each tool holder with respect to the supporting base is operated by a respective controlled linear axis, and not by a simple dedicated on-off actuator. Also in this case, the problem consists in an increase in costs linked to the arrangement of a controlled linear axis on each tool holder.
  • an object of the present invention to provide an operating unit for making cuts and creases on sheets of soft materials, which is free from the drawbacks described above, and which is cheap to make and simple in design.
  • the object of the invention is to create a group where the execution of cuts and creases in a geometrically correct way is guaranteed, minimizing the number of actuators required.
  • a further scope of the invention is to create an operating unit with optimized geometry, in which, even with a minimal number of controlled rotation actuators serving all the tool holders present on the operating unit, the use of coordinate calculation algorithms is avoided, due to inefficient geometries of the group, necessary to conform the translations imposed by the machine to the supporting base of the group, with the angular orientations of the working tool holder.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an operating unit, which, in particular, can be easily and economically fitted on machine tools already arranged to be equipped with a head, which moves in a controlled manner along three spatial axes, and at the same time rotates in a controlled manner around an axis perpendicular to the work table.
  • an operating unit for cutting or creasing flat sheets made of soft materials such as cardboard, poli-wave plastics, composite materials, comprising a supporting base, a rotating plate, rotatably coupled to said supporting base about a first axis to perform a first rotation; a support column, having one end constrained to said rotating plate, by means of first guide means, wherein said support column is adapted to constrain a plurality of tool holders, arranged on it with the respective operating axes parallel to said first axis, and equipped with respective tools; wherein said operating unit is characterized in that said first guide means are configured to allow a translation, or rotation first movement of said support column with respect to said rotating plate, such that the operating axis of one of said tool holders coincides with said first axis.
  • said support column may have on its side surface a plurality of linear tracks parallel arranged to said first axis, on each of which a respective tool holder is slidingly constrained, and lockable in a respective initial, or final position, and said group may comprise at least one linear actuator, acting along at least one of said linear tracks, to command a translation of the relative tool holder from said initial position, to said final position of said linear track, wherein the respective tool is engaged, in use, on a flat plate.
  • said first guide means may comprise translating guide means, configuring a cross carriage, wherein the first slide of the cross carriage is slidable with respect to said rotating plate, along a first direction thereof, to perform a first stroke on first prismatic pairs, interposed between said first slide and said rotating plate, and wherein the second slide of the cross carriage is sliding, with respect to said first slide, along a second direction, transversal to said first direction, to perform a second stroke on second prismatic pairs, interposed between the second slide and the first slide.
  • said support column may be integral, by means of its own base, to said second slide, and said first translation movement of said column support with respect to said revolving plate, on the first guide means, is made by means of one and/or both of said first stroke, second stroke.
  • said first guide means may comprise rotary guide means, configuring a rotoidal pair made around a second axis of said rotating plate, parallel to said first axis, and spaced by a metric dimension from it, and wherein in said rotoidal pair the first member may comprise a first disk integral with said rotating plate, and the second member may comprise a second disk coaxial with said first disk, and further rotatable with respect to said rotating plate, to perform a second rotation around said second axis.
  • said support column may substantially emulate the shape of a right prism with a regular polygonal section, and is made integral with said second disk of said rotoidal pair by means of its own base, wherein the geometric axis of said prism is arranged coincident with said second axis; said linear tracks being arranged on the lateral faces of said prism, so that each said axis respective of each said tool holder is placed at a distance from said geometric axis equal to said metric height, and wherein said first movement, of rotation of said support column with respect to said revolving plate, on said first guide means, is made by means of said second rotation.
  • one of said tool holders may comprise a respective tool having the shape of a flat plate, preferably made of metal, equipped with a respective active edge acting, in use, on said flat plate, and said active edge may be sharp, to perform cuts or bevel-type, to perform creasing.
  • the relative tool in at least one of said tool holders, may be mounted so that said active edge is incident to said operative axis.
  • the relative operating axis may belong to the geometric plane of said flat plate.
  • the relative tool may be a rolling type tool, wherein said rigid plate may have the shape of a circle, whose active edge is located on the external circumference, and said tool may be supported in rotation by a pin of said tool holder, arranged in a normal way with respect to said operative axis.
  • said operating unit may comprise first actuating means for rotating said rotating plate with respect to said supporting base, and second actuating means for controlling the movements of said support column with respect to said rotating plate, on said first guide means.
  • said second actuating means may be actuators for rectilinear motions, and act on said first slide to control said first stroke, and on said second slide to control said second stroke.
  • said second actuator means may be actuators for rotary motions), and act on said second member of said rotational torque, to command said second rotation.
  • said supporting base may be suitable for positioning on a movable translating carriage, in a machine tool equipped with a processing unit, and said actuator means of said operating unit may be fed by said machine tool, and/or controlled in their movements by said processing unit.
  • said active edge may be a cutting edge, to perform cuts
  • said at least one said tool holder may comprise a pneumatic or electric actuator, which gives an oscillating axial motion to said tool plate.
  • a typical operating unit G object of the present invention is given below, which is described when it is associated with a generic machine tool of the type shown in figures 1 and 2 , comprising a horizontal table for supporting of the flat sheets L to be worked, a data processing unit, and a kinematic chain of translating carriages, suitable for conferring to the operating unit G controlled translations along three orthogonal directions.
  • the operating unit G that forms the object of the present invention is described hereinafter in two preferred embodiments or arrangements, structurally similar to each other, however substantially different for an intermediate part hereinafter referred to as the first guide means 20.
  • the latter in a first setup are made as first guide means of the translational type, in particular as a cross carriage 21, while in a second embodiment, they are made as a rotary type first guide means, in particular as a rotoidal pair 22.
  • the operating unit G is longitudinally developed around its own axis C, which, in the use of the operating unit installed on said machine tool, is arranged vertically.
  • the following can be distinguished:
  • the upper part of said operating unit G is the part which, in use, is most distant from the piece being worked.
  • said upper part comprises a supporting base 1, through which the unit G is associated with the machine tool.
  • Said supporting base 1 is rigidly connected to the last slide of a kinematic chain made up of series translating carriages belonging to the machine tool, which slide in a controlled manner, each with respect to the previous one, and the first with respect to the work table of the machine, according to three respective mutually orthogonal directions, of which a first X and a second Y directions are horizontal and arranged along the sides of the work table, while a third direction Z runs vertically, i.e., normally to said work table.
  • the supporting base 1 supports a rotating plate 2 so that it can rotate around a first axis C, integral with the supporting base 1 itself, said first axis C being arranged, in the use of the operating unit G, orthogonally with respect to the horizontal work table of the machine.
  • the rotating plate 2 can perform rotations 1T of various amplitudes and in the direction around said first axis C, therefore, with respect to said supporting base 1.
  • Said rotations 1T are actuated by first actuator means 41, which comprise an electric motor and a relative cylindrical gear transmission, of the type with toothed pinion and crown, arranged with axes parallel to said first axis C.
  • the processing unit of the machine tool to which the operating unit G is associated and slaved, provides for controlling in a controlled way the aforementioned rotations 1T of the rotating plate 2.
  • said first guide means 20 are connected, which are made according to two different methods, each relating to one of the two said set-ups or embodiments of the operating unit G, and which separate said upper part from said lower part of the operating unit itself.
  • the first guide means 20 are made as a cross carriage 21.
  • first prismatic pairs 23 are obtained, which are oriented - when in use the group is mounted on the machine tool - according to the first X direction.
  • first slide 7 of the cross carriage 21 can perform a first stroke 71.
  • second prismatic pairs 24 are obtained, oriented orthogonally with respect to said first prismatic pairs 23, which consequently in use are oriented parallel to the second Y direction.
  • a second slide 8 of the cross carriage 21, equipped with relative pads, can perform second strokes 81.
  • second actuator means 42' for rectilinear motions, controlled in use by the processing unit of the associated machine tool.
  • the second actuator means act between said first slide 7 and said rotating plate 2, in order to command the strokes 71 of the first slide 7.
  • the second actuator means 42' for rectilinear motions also acts between said second slide 8 and said first slide 7, in order to also control the strokes 81 of the second slide 8 with respect to the first slide 7.
  • the second slide 8 is translatable with respect to the rotating plate 2, according to both said X and Y directions, and according to both directions thereof.
  • the first guide means 20 are instead made as a rotoidal pair 22.
  • the first member 22A of said rotoidal pair 22 is rigidly connected, which, in the preferred solution described here, is materialized by a first disk 22A provided with a relative first pin, placed in correspondence with a second axis R of said rotating plate 2, arranged parallel to said first axis C.
  • the internal hole of an assembly of two coaxial rolling bearings (not shown in the figures) is keyed onto said first pin, the outer rings of which are engaged in the hole of a second disk 22B, facing said first disk 22A, which materializes the second member 22B of the rotoidal pair 22. In this way, the second disk 22B can be rotated with respect to said rotating plate 2.
  • Said lower part of the operating unit G is connected to the first guide means 20, made in the two said different shapes, as respectively illustrated in the following.
  • the lower part comprises a support column 3 substantially having the shape of a right prism with a square section, the geometrical axis 3A of which is parallel to said first axis C; it is provided for the retention of four tool holders W1,2,3,4, equipped with respective tools U1 ,2,3,4, which substantially refer to the tool holders already described previously in the prior art, which in some versions are also provided as commercial parties.
  • Said tool holders are respectively associated with the respective four lateral faces 251,2,3,4 of the lateral surface 25 of the support column 3, with the respective geometric axes A1,2,3,4 all oriented parallel to the first axis C of the operating unit, and with the respective tools U1,2,3,4 all facing downwards, i.e. towards the piece L.
  • four respective linear tracks 261,2,3,4 are made on the four side faces 251,2,3,4, which in the present case are guides of the THK type, on each of which one respective of the tool holders W1 ,2,3,4, carried by a relative pad.
  • the peculiar square section shape of the support column 3, described in the present preferred embodiment of the operating unit, can be slightly varied in other embodiments, where it can take the shape of a right prism with any section, for example in the shape of an equilateral triangle, or of a regular pentagon, or still with a generic section even with add-ons, depending on the number, always very limited, of tool holders that will be used in the operating unit.
  • each respective tool holder Wk can be locked in a respective initial position 51k, located at the upper end of the respective track linear, therefore distant from the piece L being worked.
  • the same tool holder Wk can likewise be locked in a respective final position 53k on the same linear track 26k, located at its lower end, and therefore close with respect to the piece L being worked.
  • the generic tool holder Wk slides in the two directions of the Z direction, under the action of a respective third actuator means 43k, forming part of a set of third means actuators 431,2,3,4, respectively placed on each of said linear tracks 261,2,3,4 and each acting according to its own line of action, placed on the respective linear track, and oriented according to the direction of the C axis, the parallel to the Z direction on the machine.
  • a first variant is also allowed, not shown, in which the third actuator means 431,2 ,3,4 instead of being placed one for each of the linear tracks 261,2,3,4, can be reduced to a single third actuator means 43, mounted integral with the rotating plate 2 and with its own line of action coinciding with the first axis C, said single third actuator means 43 controls the sliding of the tool holder Wk, which, from time to time, executes the stroke between its respective upper 51k and lower 53k positions, or vice versa, and which for this purpose has been carried from time to time with its own axis Ak at the line of action of said single third actuator means 43, and coinciding with said first axis C.
  • connection of the lower part of the working unit G to the first guide means 20 is made in a different way, however in a rigid way.
  • the union of the lower part of the operating unit G to the guide means 20 is achieved by rigidly joining - with a series of screws bits - the upper base of the support column 3 to the face of the second slide 8, opposite to that where the second prismatic pairs 24 are made, and which therefore faces the piece L.
  • the combination of the lower part of the operating unit G to the guide means 20 is achieved by rigidly joining, with suitable screws, the base top of said support column 3, to the lower face - which faces piece L - of the second disk 22B of said rotary pair 22.
  • the geometric axis 3A of the support column 3 is made coincident with the second axis R of the rotating plate 2.
  • the preferred solution provides for the assembly of a tool Uk configured with a metal flat plate 9k, equipped with an active edge 10k, made sharp by sharpening or other technology, where the plane of the plate 9k includes the operative axis Ak of the tool holder, and where the same active edge 10k is incident to the aforementioned operative axis Ak.
  • a variant of tool holder sometimes used for cutting provides for the generation of an alternating oscillatory motion of the cutting plate with respect to the tool holder itself, along the direction of the operational axis Ak.
  • the tool holder Wk here comprises a pneumatic or electric actuator, which imparts an oscillating axial motion to said tool bit 9k, so that the speed on the piece L of the active cutting edge 10k of the bit adds to the translation speed due to dragging of the tool holder Wk itself on the piece, and the cutting operation is more effective, on certain materials.
  • the tool holder Wk preferably envisages a rolling type tool Uk, where, therefore, the aforementioned flat plate 9k has the shape of a circle, the active edge 10k of which is its own outer circumference, and where furthermore the tool (Uk) is supported in rotation by a pin, which is both perpendicular to the operating axis Ak of the tool holder Wk and integral with the latter.
  • the operating unit G operates as follows, depending on whether the first or the second setup is considered.
  • the processing unit of the machine tool controls said second actuator means 42' of the cross carriage 21, for the execution of a first stroke 71 and a second stroke 81, respectively for said first slide 7 and second slide 8 of the cross carriage 21.
  • Said strokes represent two Cartesian movements along said first X direction and second Y direction, capable of translating the axis Ak of the designated toolholder Wk until it coincides with the first axis C of the operating unit G.
  • the processing unit commands the translating carriages of the machine tool, which support the operating unit G by means of its supporting base 1, to perform a combined translation along the X and Y directions, following which the foot of said first axis C - and therefore of said axis Ak - coincides with an initial point O' of the work curve A, along which to carry out the subsequent work on the piece L, for example, cutting.
  • the rotating plate 2 is actuated by the first actuator means 41, to carry out - again under command of the processing unit - a rotation 1T around said first axis C, so that the tool Uk - when lowered and penetrated on the piece L of the necessary depth - shows on the piece its oriented trace 15, like a segment, already oriented according to the tangent to the curve A in its initial point O'.
  • a further operating step provides that said tool holder Wk, still stationary on its own linear track 26k in an initial position 51k, proximal to the cross carriage 21, is operated in vertical lowering along said linear track, up to a distal position 53k from the cross carriage 21; said vertical lowering being actuated by a respective 43k of the third actuator means 431 ,2,3,4 present on the linear tracks, where the relative command, also in this case, comes from the processing unit of the associated machine.
  • the working tool Uk has penetrated the plate making up the piece L, according to a segment, which is considered oriented in the direction of the sharpened part of the tool, therefore according to the proceeding of the cut, and which is also called oriented trace 15, on the center Ck of which the foot Co of said first axis C also falls.
  • the movement along said third Z direction of the relative translating carriage of the machine, being controlled, serves to deepen the tool by the desired amount into the piece.
  • the machine begins to move its translating carriages along the X and Y directions, so that the foot Co of said first axis C travels on the working sheet all the points P of the cutting curve A, starting from the initial point O' of it, and thus generating the curve itself with the cut.
  • the sequence of points P of the piece L on which the tool must act is stored in the processing unit of the associated machine tool and is supplied, for example, with an equation of curve A.
  • the machine orients the rotating plate 2 so that, as the cut progresses, the oriented trace 15 of the tool on the workpiece is always oriented as the tangent to the curve itself.
  • the processing unit commands said second actuator means 42" of the rotoidal pair 22 the execution of a second rotation 2T of said second disk 22B of the rotoidal pair 22 itself.
  • Said rotation 2T represents a rotary movement around the second axis R, therefore around the geometric axis 3A of the support column 3, capable of moving the axis Ak of the designated tool holder Wk, until it coincides with the first axis C of the operating unit G.
  • the axes A1,2,3,4 of all the tool holders W1,2,3,4 are arranged on the column 3 on the generatrixes of a right circular cylinder having the second axis R as its axis, and as radius the metric dimension CR, distance between said first axis C and second axis R.
  • the processing unit commands the translating carriages of the machine tool which support the operating unit G via its supporting base 1, to perform a combined translation along the X and Y directions, following which the foot of said first axis C - and therefore of said axis Ak - coincides with an initial point O' of the work curve A, along which to carry out a subsequent work, for example cutting, on piece L.
  • the rotating plate 2 is actuated by the first actuator means 41, to carry out a controlled rotation 1T around the first axis C, following which the tool Uk - when it has been lowered and penetrated into the piece L by the necessary depth - highlights on the piece its oriented trace 15, as a segment, already oriented according to the tangent to the curve A at its initial point O'.
  • a further operating step provides that the tool holder Wk, still stationary on its own linear track 26k in the relative initial position 51k proximal to the rotoidal pair 22, is operated in vertical lowering along said linear track, up to a position 53k, distal to the revolving pair 22.
  • the vertical lowering is performed by a respective 43k of the third actuator means 431,2,3,4 present on the linear tracks, where the relative command also in this case comes from the processing unit of the associated machine.
  • third actuator means 431,2,3,4 it is possible to reduce the number of third actuator means 431,2,3,4 from four, arranged one on each linear track, to only one 43, integral with said rotating plate 2 and acting axially according to said first axis C.
  • the movement along said third direction Z of the relative translating carriage of the machine, being controlled, serves to make the tool Uk penetrate the piece L by the desired quantity.
  • the machine begins to move its translating carriages along the X and Y directions, so that the foot Co of the first axis C travels all the points P of the cutting curve A on the sheet being worked, starting from the initial point O' of it, thus physically generating the curve A itself with the cut.
  • the sequence of points P of the piece L on which the tool must act is stored in the processing unit of the associated machine tool and is supplied, for example, with an equation of the curve A itself.
  • the machine orients the rotating plate 2 so that, as the cut progresses, the oriented trace 15 of the tool on the workpiece is always oriented as the tangent to curve A itself.
  • the suitability of the operating unit G to perform the movements just described derives directly from the reciprocal arrangement of its members, as previously described in said first and second setups. Instead, the amplitude of the aforementioned movements, which, according to the architectures described, the various members must and can perform in order to correctly perform the cutting function, can be deduced from geometric and kinematic considerations that the particular design of the operating unit makes relevant to it.
  • the following considerations quantify the extent of the rotations to be performed around said first axis C, and the coordinates of the positions to be reached with the foot Co of said first axis C, and substantially apply to both said setups.
  • a cutting curve A is assigned on the flat surface of the piece itself, for example by means of a Cartesian equation of it, or by means of its parametrization.
  • Said cutting curve A is, by definition, a plane curve, which usually results from the connection of several arcs, connected to each other at the ends, such that the connection in succession of these arcs represents the entire curve A.
  • Some of these arcs can be portions of notable and particularly simple curves, such as straight line segments and/or arcs of circles or parabolas, while other arcs - to be cut, for example, to create artistic shapes - can also be non-trivial curves.
  • a curvilinear abscissa s is considered, which is the length of the section of the curve, supposedly rectified, and measured from a point O' of the curve A itself.
  • This curvilinear abscissa is called the natural parameter of curve A.
  • the cut begins from said point O', which, as it proceeds along the curve A, passes through its generic point P, following point O' in the direction of the cut.
  • said length s is assumed as a continuous variable, even if in carrying out operations on the computer - such as, for example, numerical derivations - it is discretized by the processing unit, and the theoretical differential quantities are calculated as finite differences.
  • the cutting curve A can be considered as a continuum of points P(s), and on it the mathematical techniques relating to the curves parametrized by a continuous variable can be formally used.
  • the vector ( P ( s ) - 0 ) identifies the point on the Oxy plane P(s) of the curve A, where the center Ck of the oriented trace 15 of the tool Uk which has been selected for the work must be brought - by means of the translations of said translating carriages of the machine; where, as it has been described, the operating unit G, on the said center Ck of the oriented tool track 15, the foot Co of the said first axis C must also fall, orthogonally to the said work table.
  • the suitability of the operating unit G remains proven also from the quantitative point of view of the movements foreseen in it, when a calculation code is implemented - resident in the associated machine tool - based on the seen formulas, or on other equivalent, known from geometry.
  • a first advantage of the present invention is that, although all the tool holders which are used for the cutting and/or creasing operations remain available on board the operating unit itself, it is not necessary for each tool holder to be associated with its own controlled rotation actuator.
  • the orientation of the tool holder which is selected from time to time to operate on the piece, is carried out by means of the controlled rotation of the rotating plate 2 around the first axis C, after bringing the axis of the working tool holder to coincide with the first axis C itself.
  • the correct orientation of the plate, which materializes the tool is guaranteed, i.e. of the oriented trace 15 of the working tool, in accordance with the tangent to the cutting curve A, on all points thereof. This minimizes the number of rotary actuators.
  • a further advantage of the present invention is represented by the fact that, unlike what happens in the prior art, in the operating unit described here it is not necessary that each tool holder is associated with its own actuator for the controlled lowering of the tool holder towards the workpiece. Instead, here a simple actuator of the on-off type, dedicated to each tool holder, of the type of the described third actuator means 431,2,3,4 is sufficient.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)
EP23175342.7A 2022-06-01 2023-05-25 Drehbare betätigungseinheit zur unterstützung von schneidwerkzeugen für weiche blattmaterialien Pending EP4286121A1 (de)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2004210A (en) * 1977-09-16 1979-03-28 Stark G Machine tool
US5451196A (en) * 1993-08-31 1995-09-19 Chiron-Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg Machine tool
US20070256530A1 (en) * 2006-05-08 2007-11-08 Stein Darryl C Reciprocated Knife Having an Integral Tangent Axis Orientation Drive
DE102007022200A1 (de) * 2006-05-16 2007-11-22 Scm Group S.P.A. Multiples System für den Wechsel der Werkzeuge in einer Maschine zur Holzbearbeitung

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2004210A (en) * 1977-09-16 1979-03-28 Stark G Machine tool
US5451196A (en) * 1993-08-31 1995-09-19 Chiron-Werke Gmbh & Co. Kg Machine tool
US20070256530A1 (en) * 2006-05-08 2007-11-08 Stein Darryl C Reciprocated Knife Having an Integral Tangent Axis Orientation Drive
DE102007022200A1 (de) * 2006-05-16 2007-11-22 Scm Group S.P.A. Multiples System für den Wechsel der Werkzeuge in einer Maschine zur Holzbearbeitung

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