EP4279658A1 - Ancrage pourvu de racines artificielles - Google Patents

Ancrage pourvu de racines artificielles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4279658A1
EP4279658A1 EP22173838.8A EP22173838A EP4279658A1 EP 4279658 A1 EP4279658 A1 EP 4279658A1 EP 22173838 A EP22173838 A EP 22173838A EP 4279658 A1 EP4279658 A1 EP 4279658A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hollow pile
openings
flowable
ground
fibers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22173838.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jürgen Trost
Markus Haufe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sika Technology AG
Original Assignee
Sika Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sika Technology AG filed Critical Sika Technology AG
Priority to EP22173838.8A priority Critical patent/EP4279658A1/fr
Publication of EP4279658A1 publication Critical patent/EP4279658A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/10—Deep foundations
    • E02D27/12—Pile foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/26—Compacting soil locally before forming foundations; Construction of foundation structures by forcing binding substances into gravel fillings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/50—Anchored foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/24—Prefabricated piles
    • E02D5/28—Prefabricated piles made of steel or other metals
    • E02D5/285—Prefabricated piles made of steel or other metals tubular, e.g. prefabricated from sheet pile elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/46—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making in situ by forcing bonding agents into gravel fillings or the soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/80—Ground anchors
    • E02D5/808—Ground anchors anchored by using exclusively a bonding material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the anchoring of a component in soils using a hollow pile as an anchor element and a method for producing an anchor.
  • Foundations or foundations create the connection between a floor and a building element to be erected on it.
  • Structural elements are generally anchored in soil with a concrete foundation.
  • the concrete foundation is placed in a hole dug for this purpose and the component is attached to the foundation. This work is complex and costly.
  • this type of anchoring puts a lot of strain on the environment.
  • Large amounts of concrete are used.
  • Some of the concrete may additionally contain reinforcements and/or concrete additives and/or may optionally be provided with a coating, for example a protective paint.
  • Concrete has a high CO 2 footprint.
  • foundation with a concrete foundation affects the quality of the soil. When the anchoring is no longer needed, the foundation remains in the ground or has to be removed with great effort.
  • pile foundations Another common method for anchoring components is pile foundations, in which piles are inserted into the subsoil to which the component is then attached.
  • Pile foundations are used in particular when building elements are to be built on non- or poorly load-bearing soil layers. With the help of the piles, the loads of the building elements can be transferred to deeper, load-bearing soil layers.
  • the object of the invention was to provide a method for anchoring components, which offers an alternative to anchoring, particularly through concrete foundations but also through built-in or buried metal structures, such as screw anchors, and is therefore more environmentally friendly and sustainable.
  • the consumption of materials, especially concrete should be reduced without affecting the load-bearing capacity.
  • the inventor was inspired by nature. Plants take root to anchor themselves in the ground.
  • the root structures generally have large and fine roots, the latter of which can penetrate even the smallest spaces in the ground.
  • the roots achieve an intimate connection with the surrounding soil and thus offer the plants a firm hold.
  • artificial roots are formed in the soil or in the soil material of the soil.
  • the close interlocking of the artificial roots with the soil material enables firm anchoring.
  • a comparable load-bearing capacity of the anchoring is achieved with significantly lower material consumption.
  • the process according to the invention is therefore more environmentally friendly than the processes according to the prior art.
  • the flowable, hardening material for forming the artificial roots can be selected so that it is compatible with the soil and does not pollute the soil.
  • Environmentally harmful materials should be avoided as much as possible. At least the required amount of these materials can be significantly reduced.
  • the flowable, hardening material for the artificial roots is stable and preferably elastic. It can adhere to stones and other elements of the ground and glue or bond soil materials together, strengthening the anchorage in the ground.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing an anchor with artificial roots for anchoring a component, for example a tower of a wind turbine, in a ground using at least one hollow pile.
  • a component for example a tower of a wind turbine
  • One or more hollow piles can be used, on which the component is mounted after the anchor has been formed.
  • the hollow pile can be made of reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete, plastic, e.g. carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), or metal, e.g. copper, aluminum, cast iron or steel.
  • Prestressed concrete is usually concrete with prestressed steel reinforcement.
  • the plastic can be fiber-reinforced, in particular glass fiber-reinforced.
  • the hollow pile is preferably made of metal, especially steel.
  • the hollow pile can be made in one piece or in several parts.
  • the hollow pile is hollow on the inside and can have the shape of a tube, which is optionally tapered downwards.
  • the hollow pile can, for example, have a square, rectangular, polygonal, structured or circular cross-section, with a circular cross-section generally being preferred.
  • the cross section may have a different geometry if necessary.
  • the hollow pile has a lower closed end and an upper open end.
  • top and bottom refer to the position of the hollow pile when it is inserted into the ground.
  • the hollow pile tapers at the bottom end. This facilitates the insertion of the hollow pile into the ground in methods such as pile driving, in which the hollow pile is inserted by displacing the soil material. If necessary, the hollow pile can be tapered at the bottom or provided with a point.
  • the hollow pile has a large number of openings in the hollow pile wall. It is therefore a perforated hollow post.
  • the number of openings can vary widely and depends, among other things, on the dimensions of the hollow pile and the diameter of the openings.
  • the number of openings can be, for example, at least 6, preferably at least 10, more preferably at least 25, particularly preferably at least 40 or at least 50.
  • the diameter of the openings can be the same or different.
  • the openings in the hollow pile wall comprise openings with a different diameter.
  • artificial roots with different diameters can be formed, reflecting the structure of natural roots.
  • the openings can be designed, for example, as a simple through hole.
  • at least some of the openings, preferably all openings can be designed as spray nozzles. All openings can be designed as spray nozzles or some of the openings can be designed as spray nozzles and the other part of the openings can only be designed as through-holes.
  • Spray nozzles are also called injection nozzles designated. The use of spray nozzles enables the flowable, hardening material or liquid or air to be pressed through the openings or nozzles at a higher pressure, which enables the material to penetrate deeper into the floor material or to flush more strongly with the liquid.
  • Spray nozzles can therefore be used in particular for pre-rinsing, for example with water, to loosen the surrounding soil, and/or for increasing the pressure in order to facilitate the introduction of the injection agent, for example the flowable, hardening material or the liquid or air, into the soil material .
  • the spray nozzles are particularly useful for loosening up firm or compact soils, such as clay.
  • the distribution of the openings in the hollow pile wall is arbitrary. As a rule, the openings are distributed around the circumference of the hollow pile.
  • the distribution of openings on the hollow pile wall can be a regular or irregular arrangement. If there are openings with different diameters, it is generally preferred that they are distributed in a mixed manner. For example, smaller diameter openings may be disposed between the large diameter openings. In this way, subareas are created on which there are both openings with a smaller diameter and openings with a larger diameter.
  • the openings in the hollow pile wall are arranged in a lower section of the hollow pile, the distance of the lower section from the upper end of the hollow pile preferably being at least a fifth, more preferably at least half, of the length of the hollow pile.
  • an upper section which makes up at least 20%, preferably at least 50% or at least 70% of the length of the hollow pile, is free or essentially free of openings.
  • the openings are then all or essentially all arranged in the underlying section of the hollow pile. This can be advantageous, for example, to achieve better stability and/or to only form the artificial roots in deeper soil layers.
  • sections of the hollow pile with openings and sections of the hollow pile without openings can also alternate.
  • the position of the openings can, for example, be adapted to which soil layers are particularly suitable for the formation of artificial roots in a specific case.
  • the dimensions of the hollow pile and openings can vary widely depending on the desired application.
  • the length of the hollow pile can vary widely.
  • the length of the hollow pile is adjusted depending on the component to be anchored or the structure connected to it and depending on the substrate.
  • the length of the hollow pile can be in the range from 10 cm to 15 m, preferably 20 cm to 10 m, more preferably 50 cm to 5 m.
  • the hollow pile can optionally consist of several sections that are connected to one another during use. In this way, even longer lengths can be achieved.
  • the diameter of the hollow pile can vary widely.
  • the diameter of the hollow pile is adjusted depending on the component to be anchored or the structure connected to it and depending on the substrate.
  • the diameter of the hollow pile can be in the range from 3 cm to 3 m, preferably 5 cm to 50 cm, more preferably 5 cm to 30 cm.
  • the diameter here refers to the inside diameter at the upper end of the hollow pile.
  • the openings can, for example, have a diameter of 0.1 mm to 10 cm or 0.5 mm to 10 cm, preferably 1 mm to 3 cm, more preferably 3 mm to 2 cm. As mentioned, openings with two, three, four or more different diameters can be present, for example in the areas mentioned above. If the opening is designed as a spray nozzle, the diameter refers to the diameter at the outlet of the nozzle. If the Openings are designed as nozzles, so they can in particular have a diameter of 0.1 mm to 10 cm, preferably 0.2 mm to 10 mm, more preferably 0.5 mm to 5 mm.
  • the shape of the openings can be round or circular, oval, polygonal, for example triangular or square, star-shaped or any other regular or irregular shape.
  • the openings may have the same shapes or the openings may include openings with different shapes.
  • the plurality of openings may include openings with different diameters and/or different shapes, preferably different diameters and different shapes, as described above.
  • the method according to the invention includes inserting the hollow pile into the ground.
  • the hollow pile is usually inserted vertically into the ground.
  • the hollow pile can also be inserted at an inclined angle.
  • the floor can be any floor.
  • it is a geological or natural soil or subsoil.
  • it can be a topsoil or topsoil, a cohesive soil, a non-cohesive soil, rock or a combination thereof. It is understood that the soil can consist of layers of different soil formations.
  • Soils or soil layers are generally divided into different soil classes.
  • the DIN 18300 standard contains, for example, the following classifications: Soil class 1: Top soil, Soil class 2: Flowing soil types, Soil class 3: Easily detachable soil types, Soil class 4: Moderately difficult to detach soil types, Soil class 5: Difficult to detach soil types, Soil class 6: Easily detachable rock and comparable soil types , Soil class 7: Rock that is difficult to remove.
  • a particularly suitable soil into which the artificial roots should be introduced is loose soil, especially sandy soil or sand.
  • the insertion of the hollow pile into the ground can be carried out by any usual method, for example by a displacement method or a drilling method. Examples of such processes are shaking, drilling, ramming, pressing or gripping.
  • suitable devices such as pile driving devices and drilling devices, and measures are known to those skilled in the art.
  • common pile drivers such as free-fall rams and explosion rams, or automatic high-speed hammers can be used as ramming devices. It is also possible to insert the hollow pile manually, for example by driving it in with a hammer.
  • the hollow pile is inserted into the ground by a displacement method.
  • displacement methods the hollow pile is inserted into the ground by applying force while displacing the soil material.
  • drilling methods are also suitable.
  • drilling methods a borehole is first drilled into the ground and the hollow pile is inserted into the borehole.
  • the borehole into which the hollow pile is to be inserted can be created using the usual devices.
  • the borehole is expediently designed so that the hollow pile inserted into the borehole can be arranged flush with the surrounding soil.
  • the inserted hollow pile should in particular be in contact with the surrounding soil.
  • the upper end of the hollow pile can be approximately level with the surface of the soil. If necessary, it can also be located a little below the ground surface. However, it is preferred that the upper end of the hollow pile protrudes above the surface of the ground after the hollow pile has been inserted into the ground, i.e. the upper end of the hollow pile is above the ground surface level. This is advantageous because it simplifies the attachment of supply lines for flowable, hardening material or the subsequent attachment of the component to the hollow pile.
  • the protruding part of the hollow pile can also serve as a structural element itself.
  • the method according to the invention further comprises, according to step b), pressing a flowable, hardening material into the hollow pile inserted into the ground through the upper open end, so that the flowable, hardening material is filled into the hollow pile and pressed through the openings in the hollow pile wall and into penetrates the soil and forms the artificial roots there after the material has hardened.
  • the flowable, hardening material can also be referred to as an injection agent.
  • the flowable, hardening material or injection agent should preferably meet the requirements of the EN 1504-5:2013 standard, in particular for the systems F, P and H mentioned there.
  • the anchorings obtained with the anchor produced according to the invention should preferably meet the requirements of Eurocode 7.
  • the flowable, hardening material is flowable when pressed in, but hardens after a certain time so that it solidifies once it has penetrated into the ground.
  • the material can contain an inorganic or an organic binder. If necessary, a hardener or crosslinking agent can also be included.
  • the flowable, hardening material may optionally contain a liquid, in particular water.
  • the flowable, hardening material preferably contains a hydraulic binder, in particular cement, and/or an organic polymer, which is preferably crosslinkable, for example by means of atmospheric moisture or a hardener.
  • the flowable, hardening material is a mortar, a concrete, a plastic-modified mortar, a plastic-modified concrete, a polymer dispersion, a resin, in particular a casting resin or an injection resin, or a polymer-based sealant.
  • the flowable, hardening material is particularly preferably a plastic-modified mortar, a plastic-modified concrete, a polyurethane sealant or a polyurethane resin.
  • the flowable, hardening material or injection agent is in particular cementitious casting compounds, injection agents based on (meth)acrylate, polyurethane, polyepoxide or polyester.
  • One-component (1K) and two-component (2K) systems are conceivable. Such materials are commercially available.
  • the mortar and concrete are preferably based on cement.
  • Plastic-modified mortar and plastic-modified concrete are hybrid systems that, in addition to a hydraulic binder, in particular cement, contain a plastic, preferably in the form of an aqueous plastic dispersion.
  • Mortar and concrete also includes cement grouts, especially plastic-modified cement grouts.
  • the plastic can be, for example, methyl vinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose, natural or synthetic rubber, resin such as epoxy resin, polyester polyurethane or poly(meth)acrylate.
  • the materials containing a hydraulic binder are mixed with water before being pressed in in order to obtain the flowable, hardening material.
  • the flowable, hardening material containing a polymer, in particular an organic polymer can be a one- or two-component system or can be formed from it.
  • the two components are mixed together to form the flowable, hardening material.
  • the mixture starts chemical reactions, e.g. between polymer and hardener, which lead to crosslinking or solidification of the material.
  • chemical reactions are usually initiated after leaving the storage container through contact with atmospheric moisture, which lead to crosslinking or solidification.
  • Polymer-based sealants are generally pasty materials.
  • the polymer contained in the sealant can be, for example, silicone, polyurethane or a silane-modified polymer (SMP).
  • a useful sealant is a polyurethane sealant.
  • the resin is in particular a synthetic resin.
  • the resin or synthetic resin is preferably a casting resin or an injection resin.
  • Examples of the polymers contained in polymer dispersions and resins are polyester, (meth)acrylate, polyurethane, epoxies and silicones. Polyurethane resins are well suited.
  • flowable, hardening material are, in particular, polyurethane resins, polyurethane sealants, acrylate compounds and also polymer-modified cement grouts.
  • the flowable, hardening material can contain additives, for example fillers or fibers.
  • the flowable, hardening material contains fibers for reinforcement.
  • These reinforcing fibers preferably have such dimensions that they can be pressed through the openings together with the flowable, hardening material. In this way, the reinforcing fibers can reinforce the artificial roots formed.
  • the reinforcing fibers can be electrically conductive reinforcing fibers.
  • the reinforcing fibers can be used to control or monitor the installed anchoring. If, for example, electrically conductive reinforcing fibers are used as reinforcing fibers, the formation and/or integrity of the roots can be monitored via a current intensity flowing through them.
  • the fibers for reinforcement are, for example, selected from aramid fibers, e.g. Kevlar fibers, nylon fibers, carbon fibers, wire fibers, metal fibers. Steel fibers, plastic fibers, e.g. polyolefin fibers, such as polyethylene fibers and polypropylene fibers, glass fibers or combinations thereof. Wire fibers can also be pieces of wire or short wires. Wire fibers are also preferably made of steel.
  • the fibers for reinforcement can, for example, have a length in the range from 0.1 mm to 150 mm, preferably 2 to 80 mm. Mixtures of fibers of different lengths can also be used.
  • the fibers can be, for example, short fibers with a length of approximately 0.1 to 1 mm and/or long fibers with a length of approximately 1 to 150 mm.
  • the dimensions of the reinforcing fibers should preferably be chosen so that they fit through the openings of the hollow pile and can be pressed out of the openings together with the flowable, hardening material and are therefore also contained in the artificial roots formed.
  • the dimensions of the Reinforcement fibers are chosen so that blocking of the openings is avoided.
  • the proportion of fibers for reinforcement in the flowable, hardening material can be, for example, in the range of 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.03 to 2.5% by weight, more preferably 0.05 to 1% by weight.
  • the reinforcement fibers have a similar or the same coefficient of thermal expansion as the material or matrix material of the artificial roots.
  • the material of the artificial roots is obtained by hardening the flowable, hardening material in which the reinforcing fibers can be embedded.
  • the use of reinforcing fibers made of steel would be advantageous, since concrete and steel have a similar coefficient of thermal expansion.
  • the flowable, hardening material can be in the form of a paste, for example, which also includes slurry materials.
  • the flowable, hardening material is preferably pasty.
  • the flowable, hardening material is an elastic material after hardening.
  • the artificial roots formed are then elastic or made from an elastic material.
  • the hardened material can be, for example, an elastomeric material.
  • Elastic materials can be obtained in particular if a plastic-modified mortar or concrete or a material based on organic polymers is used as the flowable, hardening material.
  • the flowable, hardening material can also be a solid, plastic or rigid material after hardening.
  • the artificial roots formed then have a plastic or rigid character or are made of a plastic or rigid material.
  • the flowable, hardening material is pressed through the upper open end of the hollow pile inserted into the ground.
  • the flowable, hardening material can first be filled into the hollow pile and then the filled material is put under pressure via the upper open end.
  • the material filled into the hollow pile can be pressed in with a punch that is inserted into the upper end and then pressed down.
  • the material filled into the hollow pile can also be pressed in with a twist drill, for example, by inserting the twist drill into the upper end of the hollow pile, pressing it down and turning it in the direction of rotation in order to press in the filled material.
  • the punch or twist drill is then pulled out of the hollow pile.
  • the pressing in is carried out in particular in such a way that not all of the flowable, hardening material is pressed out of the openings, but rather a part remains in the cavity of the hollow pile. If necessary, additional flowable, hardening material can be refilled into the hollow pile after the material has been pressed in. The process of filling the material and putting it under pressure can be repeated several times if necessary.
  • the flowable, hardening material is preferably pressed continuously over the open end of the inserted hollow pile using a pump.
  • Suitable pumps include screw pumps, mortar pumps or concrete pumps.
  • the supply line for the flowable, hardening material is connected to the upper open end of the hollow pile, in particular connected in a pressure-tight manner. Pressing in using a pump is also preferably carried out in such a way that not all of the flowable, hardening material is pressed out of the openings, but rather a part remains in the cavity of the hollow pile. Regardless of the type of pressing in, part of the flowable, hardening material should remain in the hollow pile or be replenished in it after pressing in.
  • the pressure used to inject the flowable, hardening material can be adjusted with regard to the type and consistency of the material and the existing soil conditions.
  • the flowable, hardening material By pressing in the flowable, hardening material, the flowable, hardening material is pressed through the openings in the hollow pile wall and penetrates into the ground. It is preferred that the material penetrates as far as possible into the floor area, for example at least in some or all places at least 5 cm, preferably at least 15 cm, more preferably at least 30 cm and particularly preferably at least 1 m. It is understood that the depth of the Penetration is not the same for all openings depending on the nature of the soil and the opening diameter.
  • the artificial roots have fibers for reinforcement as mentioned above.
  • the artificial roots are preferably made of an elastic material or an elastomer composition.
  • the artificial roots formed do not necessarily have to have the ideal shape of natural roots. It is sufficient if the artificial roots fulfill an analogous function, i.e. anchoring in the ground by penetrating into the ground and connecting to the surrounding ground material, e.g. by adhering and/or sticking the artificial roots to or with the ground material, e.g. to stones , existing natural roots, rubble or rock in the soil material.
  • an analogous function i.e. anchoring in the ground by penetrating into the ground and connecting to the surrounding ground material, e.g. by adhering and/or sticking the artificial roots to or with the ground material, e.g. to stones , existing natural roots, rubble or rock in the soil material.
  • the cavity can be partially filled, for example at least 25%, preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 75%, of the cavity volume of the hollow pile, or be completely filled with the flowable, hardening material that hardens over time.
  • the artificial roots formed are connected to the anchor element via the material hardened in the cavity of the hollow pile.
  • a rinsing step is carried out as an intermediate step after step a) and before step b).
  • air or a liquid is introduced under pressure through the upper open end into the hollow pile and through the openings in the hollow pile wall into the Floor blasted to rinse the floor.
  • the openings are designed as spray nozzles. In this way the pressure can be increased, which improves the flushing effect.
  • the pressure or flushing pressure can be in the range from 10 to 800 bar, for example.
  • the pressure can be, for example, in the low pressure range (about 10 to 40 bar), in the medium pressure range (about 40 to 250 bar) or in the high pressure range (about 250 to 800 bar, preferably 250 to 500 bar).
  • the air or liquid can be introduced into the hollow pile under pressure, for example using a pump. It goes without saying that for this purpose the air or liquid supply line is connected in a pressure-tight manner to the upper end of the hollow pile.
  • the air or liquid injected under pressure can loosen the soil. This creates free spaces in the ground that make it easier for the flowable, hardening material to penetrate. This is useful, for example, for compact, solid or compacted soils, cohesive soils such as loam or clay soils, or rocky soils.
  • the liquid is preferably water or an aqueous liquid.
  • the liquid, especially water, may contain additives, for example bentonite.
  • an anchor with artificial roots is produced in the ground using at least one hollow pile as an anchor element.
  • the anchor is used to anchor a component in the ground.
  • the component can be mounted on the anchor produced. All possible structures are suitable as components.
  • the part of the hollow pile protruding from the ground itself can form the structural element, for example as a post or pile.
  • the component is, for example, a component of a building, a mast or a post.
  • Specific examples are components, masts or posts for traffic signs, street signs, lamps, e.g. park or street lamps, fences, wind turbines, in particular a wind turbine tower, pier, walls, e.g. soundproof walls, bridges, e.g. suspension bridges, transmission towers or transmission masts.
  • the usual fastening methods can be used to mount the component on the manufactured anchor with artificial roots. Examples are push-in connections, screw connections, flange connections, welded connections or combinations thereof.
  • the component is inserted into the hollow pile for assembly, it makes sense that the flowable, hardening material contained in the cavity of the hollow pile has not yet hardened, so that the component can be inserted easily. After hardening, the inserted component is then fixed by the hardened material.
  • the hollow pile can have fastening means to facilitate the assembly of the component, which are in particular attached to the upper end of the hollow pile.
  • These fastening means can of course also serve to connect the supply lines for the flowable, hardening material and/or the supply lines for air or liquid to the upper open end, in particular to connect them in a pressure-tight manner.
  • fastening means that the hollow pile can have, particularly at the upper open end, are a thread for screwing, a flange, such as a flange bearing, a union nut and/or a flange.
  • the hollow pile can, for example, have a flange at the upper end to which the component is screwed using a union sleeve.
  • the hollow pile and structural element can also be connected using separate fastening elements, e.g. using pipe couplings or loose flanges.
  • the hollow pile can be provided with a fire protection coating. It is particularly possible to provide those parts of the hollow pile that are above ground with a fire protection coating. In particular, above-ground parts of the hollow pile and/or fastening means at the upper open end of the hollow pile can be provided with a fire protection coating. Fire protection coatings can be common state-of-the-art fire protection coatings.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a hollow pile as an anchor element for anchoring a structural element in a ground using artificial roots, the hollow pile having a lower closed end and an upper open end and being provided with a plurality of openings in the hollow pile wall.
  • the use according to the invention preferably includes the assembly of the component to the anchor element, the component preferably being a component of a building, a mast or a post.
  • the component preferably being a component of a building, a mast or a post.
  • the structural element for example as a post or pile.
  • the invention further relates to an anchor with artificial roots, which is obtainable according to the method according to the invention as described above.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of an example of a hollow pile for use in the method according to the invention.
  • the hollow pile 1 has an upper open end 2 and a lower closed end 3.
  • the hollow pile tapers towards the lower closed end.
  • the hollow pile 1 is, for example, made of copper, steel, aluminum or plastic, such as carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) or any other suitable material.
  • the hollow pile 1 has openings 4, 5, 6 with different diameters. In this embodiment, the openings 4, 5, 6 are only arranged in a lower section of the hollow pile.
  • Example dimensions of the hollow pile 1 can be as follows depending on the intended use:
  • the shape of the openings can be, for example, circular, star-shaped and/or semicircular.
  • the openings 4, 5 and 6 can have the same or different shapes.
  • Length of hollow post about 2 m Diameter of hollow pile: about 5 cm (inner diameter at the top) Openings 4: about 5 to 15 mm Openings 5: about 0.5 to 2 mm Openings 6: about 0.2 to 0.4 mm
  • the shape of the openings can be, for example, circular, star-shaped and/or semicircular.
  • the openings 4, 5 and 6 can have the same or different shapes.
  • the hollow pile can be inserted so that a significant part of the hollow pile protrudes above ground level.
  • the hollow pile can only be inserted into the ground to a depth of 50 cm, so that the part of the hollow pile protruding from the ground has a length of 150 cm.
  • the protruding part can serve directly as a fence post to which the other elements of the garden fence are attached.
  • the openings of the hollow pile wall are arranged in the lower part of the hollow pile, which are located below the ground level after being inserted into the ground.
  • Length of hollow post about 0.5 m Diameter of hollow pile: about 10 to 20 cm (inner diameter at the top) Openings 4: about 10 to 30 mm Openings 5: about 2 to 5 mm Openings 6: about 0.5 to 1.5 mm
  • the hollow pile can be inserted in such a way that a small part of the hollow pile protrudes above ground level.
  • the lamp post can then be attached to the protruding part of the hollow post.
  • hollow piles for example three or five
  • Each of the hollow piles used can have the following dimensions, for example.
  • Length of hollow post about 2 m
  • Diameter of hollow pile about 15 to 25 cm (inner diameter at the top)
  • Openings 4 about 15 to 40 mm
  • Openings 5 about 4 to 8 mm
  • Openings 6 about 1 to 3 mm
  • Fig. 2 shows examples of natural roots as they occur in nature.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic arrangement for an example of the method according to the invention.
  • the hollow pile 1 is inserted into the ground, for example by ramming, so that part of the hollow pile protrudes from the ground surface 8.
  • the upper end of the hollow pile 1 is pressure-tightly connected to a supply line for the flowable, hardening material via a coupling 9 made with conventional fasteners.
  • the mixing container 12 components are mixed using a stirring device to form the flowable, hardening material.
  • the flowable, hardening material can be formed, for example, from 2, 3 or more components.
  • a plastic-modified concrete concrete + polymer dispersion
  • a resin can be mixed with a hardener in the mixing container 12 to obtain the flowable, hardening material.
  • Fibers for reinforcement for example carbon fibers, steel wire or aramid fibers, are also preferably added to the components of the flowable, hardening material mixed in the mixing container.
  • a one-component, flowable, hardening material can be used, which hardens, for example, upon contact with atmospheric moisture.
  • An example of such a flowable, hardening material is a polymer-based sealant such as a polyurethane sealant, for example Sikaflex® SF 290 DC pro from Sika für AG.
  • a mixing container 12 is not necessary unless additional components such as reinforcing fibers are to be added, but the flowable, hardening material can be taken directly from a storage container, for example a cartridge or a barrel.
  • the flowable, hardening material contains fibers for reinforcement, for example carbon fibers, steel wire or aramid fibers, which can be added in the mixing container 12.
  • the mixing container 12 may optionally be provided with a heating device in order to heat the components of the flowable, hardening material mixed in the mixing container.
  • the flowable, hardening material produced is then pressed into the hollow pile 1 using a pump 11, for example a concrete pump.
  • a pump 11 for example a concrete pump.
  • the flowable, hardening material can be temporarily stored in a storage container 10.
  • the storage container 10 can optionally be heated.
  • the flowable, hardening material By pressing the flowable, hardening material into the hollow pile 1, the flowable, hardening material is pressed through the openings of the hollow pile 1 (not shown) and penetrates into the ground. In this example, the openings are only in the lower section of the hollow pile 1.
  • the flowable, hardening material that has penetrated into the ground forms after hardening the artificial roots 7.
  • the supply line for the flowable, hardening material is separated from the hollow pile.
  • the cavity of the hollow pile is still partially or completely filled with flowable, hardening material, which also hardens and remains connected to the artificial roots that form.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic arrangement for an example of anchoring a component to the as in Fig. 3 manufactured anchor.
  • the anchor made of the hollow pile 1 inserted into the ground and the artificial roots 7 serves to anchor a component 14, which is mounted on the hollow pile via a coupling 13 made with conventional fasteners.
  • the component 14 can be, for example, a building, a sign or a mast.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
EP22173838.8A 2022-05-17 2022-05-17 Ancrage pourvu de racines artificielles Pending EP4279658A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22173838.8A EP4279658A1 (fr) 2022-05-17 2022-05-17 Ancrage pourvu de racines artificielles

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22173838.8A EP4279658A1 (fr) 2022-05-17 2022-05-17 Ancrage pourvu de racines artificielles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4279658A1 true EP4279658A1 (fr) 2023-11-22

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Family Applications (1)

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EP22173838.8A Pending EP4279658A1 (fr) 2022-05-17 2022-05-17 Ancrage pourvu de racines artificielles

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Country Link
EP (1) EP4279658A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4461600A (en) * 1981-03-24 1984-07-24 Willich Gmbh & Co. Method of and device for solidifying rock in mine tunnels and the like
DE3738420A1 (de) * 1987-11-12 1989-05-24 Klemm Bohrtech Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von pfaehlen im erdreich
DE10234255A1 (de) * 2002-06-27 2004-01-15 Friedr. Ischebeck Gmbh Verwendung von Bohr-Injektionsankern als flächentragende Armierung eines Vortriebs-Gewölbeschirmes
DE102005050929A1 (de) * 2004-10-21 2006-04-27 Minova Carbotech Gmbh Verfahren zum Setzen von Gesteinsankern

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4461600A (en) * 1981-03-24 1984-07-24 Willich Gmbh & Co. Method of and device for solidifying rock in mine tunnels and the like
DE3738420A1 (de) * 1987-11-12 1989-05-24 Klemm Bohrtech Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von pfaehlen im erdreich
DE10234255A1 (de) * 2002-06-27 2004-01-15 Friedr. Ischebeck Gmbh Verwendung von Bohr-Injektionsankern als flächentragende Armierung eines Vortriebs-Gewölbeschirmes
DE102005050929A1 (de) * 2004-10-21 2006-04-27 Minova Carbotech Gmbh Verfahren zum Setzen von Gesteinsankern

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