Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
  • E06B9/56—Operating, guiding or securing devices or arrangements for roll-type closures; Spring drums; Tape drums; Counterweighting arrangements therefor
  • E06B9/68—Operating devices or mechanisms, e.g. with electric drive
  • E06B9/72—Operating devices or mechanisms, e.g. with electric drive comprising an electric motor positioned inside the roller
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
  • H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
  • H02K15/06—Embedding prefabricated windings in machines
  • H02K15/062—Windings in slots; salient pole windings
  • H02K15/065—Windings consisting of complete sections, e.g. coils, waves
  • H02K15/066—Windings consisting of complete sections, e.g. coils, waves inserted perpendicularly to the axis of the slots or inter-polar channels
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
  • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

• TITLE Synchronous-type electric motor, range of electric motors, closing, screening or solar protection device comprising an electric motor of such a range and method of manufacturing an electric motor of such a range
• the present invention relates to a synchronous type electric motor, in particular for a closing, screening or solar protection device, in other words a synchronous type electric motor of a closing, screening or solar protection device, a range of electric motors comprising at least one such electric motor of the synchronous type and at least one electric motor of the asynchronous type, a closing, screening or solar protection device comprising at least one electromechanical actuator equipped with at least one motor motor of the synchronous type or of the asynchronous type chosen from this range of electric motors and a method of manufacturing an electric motor of the synchronous type or of the asynchronous type chosen from this range of electric motors.
• the present invention relates to the field of concealment devices comprising a motorized drive device moving a screen between at least a first position and at least a second position.
• a motorized drive device comprises an electromechanical actuator for a movable closing, shading or solar protection element such as a shutter, a door, a grille, a blind or any other equivalent material, hereinafter called a screen. .
• the electromechanical actuator includes an electric motor.
• Such an electric motor can be of the synchronous type, that is to say with a rotor with permanent magnets and a stator having either a dental winding and an armature optimized for such a winding, or a distributed winding with distributed pitch.
• Such an electric motor can also be of the asynchronous type, that is to say with a squirrel cage rotor and a stator having a winding produced by insertion and an armature optimized for such a winding.
• these two types of electric motors thus comprise stators respectively having a different winding, according to a winding diagram adapted to the type of electric motor, and a different armature, adapted to the type of electric motor.
• Document EP 3 261 219 A1 is already known, which describes a synchronous reluctance electric motor comprising a rotor and a stator.
• the stator includes an armature and coils.
• the armature consists of a yoke and teeth.
• the teeth define notches.
• Coils are mounted in the slots of the armature.
• the coils are formed from square conductors.
• the stator is wound by having the square conductors enter the slots axially from an axial end of the stator.
• a ratio of a surface of each notch on a thickness of the cylinder head is between 5mm and 10mm.
• Document WO 2017/174523 A1 describes an electronically commutated brushless DC electric motor comprising a rotor and a stator.
• the stator includes an armature and coils.
• the armature consists of a yoke and teeth.
• the teeth define notches. Coils are mounted in the slots of the armature.
• the invention more particularly intends to remedy by proposing a synchronous-type electric motor whose stator armature is normally intended to be used to produce an asynchronous-type electric motor.
• the present invention relates, according to a first aspect, to an electric motor of the synchronous type, the synchronous electric motor comprising at least:
• stator comprising at least:
• the armature comprising at least:
• a ratio of a surface of each notch to a thickness of the yoke is between 5mm and 10mm, the surface of each notch being measured in a plane perpendicular to a central axis of the stator.
• the stator is wound by insertion, each coil being formed from a wire outside the stator, so as to insert the coils thereafter into the notches, through wire passages, in a direction radial to the central axis of the stator.
• a winding by insertion of the stator of a synchronous type electric motor, associated with an armature having a ratio of the surface of each notch to the thickness of the yoke of between 5 and 10 mm allows, for an electric motor to synchronous type, the use of a stator armature which is wound by insertion and which is normally intended to be used for an electric motor of the asynchronous type.
• a ratio of an internal stator diameter to a coil volume outside the armature is between 1 mm/cm 3 and 5 mm/cm 3 .
• a height of the frame is between 20mm and 120mm.
• a diameter of the wire forming each of the coils is between 0.13 mm and 1 mm.
• a width of the wire passage of each notch is between 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm.
• a minimum ratio of the width of the wire passage of each notch to the diameter of the wire forming each of the coils is equal to 1.5.
• the armature comprises a number of teeth equal to twelve and a number of notches equal to twelve.
• the present invention relates, according to a second aspect, to a range of electric motors, the range comprising at least:
• each electric motor of the synchronous type or of the asynchronous type comprising at least:
• stator comprising at least:
• the reinforcement comprising at least:
• a ratio of a surface of each notch to a thickness of the yoke is between 5mm and 10mm, the surface of each notch being measured in a plane perpendicular to a central axis of the electric motor stator.
• stator armature of the synchronous type electric motor and the stator armature of the asynchronous type electric motor are identical, and
• stator of the synchronous type electric motor and the stator of the asynchronous type electric motor are respectively wound by insertion, each coil being formed from a wire outside the stator, so as to insert the coils thereafter into the notches, through wire passages of the notches, in a direction radial to the central axis of the stator.
• This range of electric motors has characteristics and advantages similar to those previously described in relation to the synchronous type electric motor according to the invention.
• the winding diagram of each of the electric motors belonging to the range is adapted, on the one hand, according to whether the electric motor is of the synchronous type or of the asynchronous type and, on the other hand, according to a supply voltage of the electric motor.
• a diameter of the wire forming each of the coils is between 0.13 mm and 1 mm.
• a width of the wire passage of each notch is between 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm.
• the present invention relates, according to a third aspect, to a closing, screening or solar protection device, the closing, screening or solar protection device comprising at least:
• the screen being driven in displacement by the electromechanical actuator, the electromechanical actuator comprising at least one electric motor of the synchronous type or of the asynchronous type.
• the electric motor of the synchronous type or of the asynchronous type is chosen from the range of electric motors in accordance with the invention and as mentioned above.
• This closing, screening or sun protection device has characteristics and advantages similar to those previously described in relation to the synchronous type electric motor according to the invention and the range of electric motors according to the invention.
• the closing, screening or sun protection device further comprises a winding tube.
• the screen can be rolled up on the rolling tube.
• the winding tube is arranged so as to be driven in rotation by the electromechanical actuator.
• an inside diameter of the winding tube is between 40mm and 100mm.
• the present invention relates, according to a fourth aspect, to a method of manufacturing a synchronous-type electric motor or an asynchronous-type electric motor, each synchronous-type or asynchronous-type electric motor comprising at least:
• stator comprising at least:
• the armature comprising at least:
• the electric motor of the synchronous type or of the asynchronous type is chosen from the range of electric motors in accordance with the invention and as mentioned above,
• the armature is independent of the type of electric motor
• each coil being formed from a wire outside the stator, so as to insert the coils subsequently into the notches, through wire passages of the notches, in one direction radial to a central axis of the stator, and
• the winding scheme is selected according to the type of electric motor.
• This manufacturing method has similar characteristics and advantages to those previously described in relation to the synchronous type electric motor according to the invention and the range of electric motors according to the invention.
• Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an installation comprising a device for closing, screening or solar protection according to the invention
• FIG 2 is a schematic perspective view of the installation illustrated in Figure 1;
• FIG 3 is a schematic sectional view of an electromechanical actuator, according to the first embodiment, of the installation illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, along a sectional plane passing through an axis of rotation of an output shaft of the electromechanical actuator, this electromechanical actuator comprising at least one electric motor, according to the first embodiment of the invention;
• FIG 4 is a schematic perspective view of the electric motor belonging to the electromechanical actuator shown in Figure 3;
• FIG 5 is a schematic perspective view of a stator of the electric motor shown in Figure 4.
• Figure 6 is a schematic sectional view, along the plane VI in Figure 5, of an armature of the stator illustrated in Figure 5;
• Figure 7 is a schematic view in axial section, similar to Figure 3, of an electromechanical actuator according to a second embodiment and belonging to an installation of the type illustrated in Figures 1 and 2;
• Figure 8 is a schematic perspective view, similar to Figure 5, of a stator of an asynchronous type electric motor belonging to another electromechanical actuator equivalent to that illustrated in Figure 3;
• Figure 9 is a perspective view of a range of electric motors according to the invention.
• an installation 100 comprising a device for closing, screening or solar protection 3 installed in a building having an opening 1, window or door.
• This installation 100 is equipped with a screen 2 belonging to the device for closing, screening or solar protection 3, in particular a motorized rolling shutter.
• the closing, shading or solar protection device 3 is hereinafter referred to as the "shading device".
• the concealment device 3 comprises the screen 2.
• the concealment device 3 can be a rolling shutter, a canvas blind or with adjustable slats, a rolling gate, a grid, a door or even a swing shutter.
• the present invention applies to all types of concealment device.
• installation 100 includes muting device 3.
• the occultation device 3 comprises a motorized drive device 5.
• the motorized drive device 5 comprises an electromechanical actuator 11 more particularly illustrated in FIG. 3.
• the screening device 3 further comprises a winding tube 4.
• the screen 2 can be rolled up on the winding tube 4.
• the winding tube 4 is arranged so as to be driven in rotation by the electromechanical actuator 11 .
• the screen 2 of the screening device 3 is rolled up on the rolling tube 4 or unrolled around the latter, the rolling tube 4 being driven by the motorized driving device 5, in particular by the electromechanical actuator 11.
• the screen 2 is movable between a rolled up position, in particular high, and an unrolled position, in particular low, and vice versa.
• the screen 2 of the concealment device 3 is a closing, concealment and/or solar protection screen, winding and unwinding around the winding tube 4, the internal diameter of which is greater than the external diameter of the electromechanical actuator 11, so that the electromechanical actuator 11 can be inserted into the winding tube 4, when assembling the concealment device 3.
• the electromechanical actuator 11 in particular of the tubular type, makes it possible to rotate the winding tube 4 about an axis of rotation X, so as to move, in particular unroll or roll up, the screen 2 of the device. concealment 3.
• the electromechanical actuator 11 is inserted into the winding tube 4.
• the roller shutter which forms the concealment device 3
• the roller shutter comprises an apron comprising horizontal slats hinged to each other, forming the screen 2 of the roller shutter 3, and guided by two lateral slides 6. These slats are contiguous when the apron 2 of the roller shutter 3 reaches its low unrolled position.
• the rolled up position corresponds to the bearing of a final end slat 8, for example L-shaped, of the apron 2 of the shutter roller 3 against an edge of a box 9 of the roller shutter 3 or when the final end slat 8 stops in a programmed high limit position.
• the unrolled low position corresponds to the resting of the final end slat 8 of the apron 2 of the roller shutter 3 against a threshold 7 of the opening 1 or to the stopping of the final end slat 8 in a programmed bottom end position.
• the screen 2 is configured to be moved, by means of the motorized drive device 5, between an open position, corresponding to the rolled-up position and which can also be called first end-of-travel position or upper end-of-travel position FdcH, and a closed position, corresponding to the unrolled position and which can also be called second end-of-travel position or bottom end-of-travel position FdcB.
• the electromechanical actuator 11 is configured to drive, in other words drives, in displacement the screen 2, between the first end-of-travel position FdCH and the second end-of-travel position FdCB.
• the first slat of the roller shutter 3, opposite the final end slat 8, is connected to the winding tube 4 by means of at least one joint 10, in particular a strap-shaped attachment piece.
• the winding tube 4 is arranged inside the box 9 of the roller shutter 3.
• the apron 2 of the roller shutter 3 is rolled up and unrolled around the winding tube 4 and is housed at least in part at the trunk interior 9.
• the trunk 9 is arranged above the opening 1, or even in the upper part of the opening 1.
• the motorized drive device 5 is controlled by a control unit.
• the control unit can be, for example, a local control unit 12 or a central control unit 13.
• the local control unit 12 can be connected, in a wired or wireless connection, with the central control unit 13.
• the central control unit 13 can control the local control unit 12, as well as other similar local control units distributed in the building.
• the motorized drive device 5 is preferably configured to execute the commands for unwinding or rolling up the screen 2 of the screening device 3, which can be issued, in particular, by the local control unit 12 or central control unit 13.
• the installation 6 comprises either the local control unit 12, or the central control unit 13, or the local control unit 12 and the central control unit 13.
• the electromechanical actuator 11 comprises an electric motor 16.
• Means for controlling the electromechanical actuator 11, allowing the movement of the screen 2 of the screening device 3, comprise at least one electronic control unit 15.
• This electronic control unit 15 is capable of operating the motor 16 of the electromechanical actuator 11 and, in particular, allow the supply of electrical energy to the electric motor 16.
• the electronic control unit 15 controls, in particular, the electric motor 16, so as to open or close the screen 2, as described above.
• the control means of the electromechanical actuator 11 comprise hardware and/or software means.
• the hardware means may comprise at least one microcontroller 31 .
• the electronic control unit 15 further comprises a first communication module 27, in particular for receiving control orders, the control orders being transmitted by an order transmitter, such as the control unit. local control 12 or the central control unit 13, these commands being intended to control the motorized drive device 5.
• a first communication module 27 in particular for receiving control orders, the control orders being transmitted by an order transmitter, such as the control unit. local control 12 or the central control unit 13, these commands being intended to control the motorized drive device 5.
• the first communication module 27 of the electronic control unit 15 is of the wireless type.
• the first communication module 27 is configured to receive radio control commands.
• the first communication module 27 can also allow the reception of control commands transmitted by wired means.
• the electronic control unit 15, the local control unit 12 and/or the central control unit 13 can be in communication with a weather station located inside the building or remote outside the building. , including, in particular, one or more sensors that can be configured to determine, for example, a temperature, a luminosity, or even a wind speed, in the case where the weather station is remote outside the building.
• the electronic control unit 15, the local control unit 12 and/or the central control unit 13 can also be in communication with a server 28, as illustrated in FIG. 2, so as to control electromechanical actuator 11 following data made available remotely via a communication network, in particular an Internet network that can be connected to the server 28.
• a communication network in particular an Internet network that can be connected to the server 28.
• the electronic control unit 15 can be controlled from the local 12 and/or central 13 control unit.
• the local 12 and/or central 13 control unit is provided with a control keyboard.
• the control keyboard of the local 12 or central 13 control unit comprises one or more selection elements 14 and, possibly, one or more display elements 34.
• the selection elements may include push buttons and/or sensitive keys.
• the display elements may include light-emitting diodes and/or an LCD (acronym for the English term “Liquid Crystal Display”) or TFT (acronym for the English term “Thin Film Transistor”) display.
• the selection and display elements can also be realized by means of a touch screen.
• the local 12 and/or central 13 control unit comprises at least a second communication module 36.
• the second communication module 36 of the local 12 or central 13 control unit is configured to transmit, in other words sends, control commands, in particular by wireless means, for example radioelectric, or by wired means. .
• central 13 can also be configured to receive, in other words receives, control orders, in particular via the same means.
• the second communication module 36 of the local 12 or central 13 control unit is configured to communicate, in other words communicates, with the first communication module 27 of the electronic control unit 15.
• the second communication module 36 of the local 12 or central 13 control unit exchanges control commands with the first communication module 27 of the electronic control unit 15, either unidirectionally or bidirectionally.
• the local control unit 12 is a control point, which can be fixed or mobile.
• a fixed control point can be a control box intended to be fixed on a facade of the wall of the building or on one side of a fixed frame of a window or a door.
• a nomadic control point can be a remote control, a smart phone or a tablet.
• the local 12 and/or central 13 control unit further comprises a controller 35.
• the motorized drive device 5, in particular the electronic control unit 15, is preferably configured to execute movement control commands, in particular closing as well as opening, of the screen 2 of the device. occultation 3. These commands can be issued, in particular, by the local control unit 12 or by the central control unit 13.
• the motorized drive device 5 can be controlled by the user, for example by receiving a control command corresponding to a press on the or one of the selection elements 14 of the local control unit 12 or center 13.
• the motorized drive device 5 can also be controlled automatically, for example by receiving a control command corresponding to at least one signal coming from at least one sensor and/or to a signal coming from a clock of the electronic control unit 15, in particular the microcontroller 31.
• the sensor and/or the clock can be integrated into the local control unit 12 or the central control unit 13.
• the electromechanical actuator 11 comprises a casing 17, in particular tubular.
• the electric motor 16 is mounted inside the casing 17, in particular in an assembled configuration of the electromechanical actuator 11.
• the casing 17 of the electromechanical actuator 11 is of cylindrical shape, in particular of revolution around the axis of rotation X.
• the casing 17 is made of a metallic material.
• the material of the electromechanical actuator casing is not limiting and may be different. It may be, in particular, a plastic material.
• the electromechanical actuator 11 further comprises an output shaft 20.
• the electromechanical actuator 11 further comprises a reducer 19.
• the reducer 19 comprises at least one reduction stage.
• the reduction stage may be an epicyclic type gear train.
• the type and number of reduction stages of the reducer are not limiting.
• the electromechanical actuator 11 further comprises a brake 29.
• the brake 29 can be a spring brake, a cam brake, a magnetic brake or an electromagnetic brake.
• the brake 29 is configured to brake and/or to block the output shaft 20 in rotation, so as to regulate the speed of rotation of the winding tube 4, during a movement of the screen 2, and to maintain blocked the winding tube 4, when the actuator electromechanical 1 1 is electrically deactivated.
• the brake 29 is configured to be arranged, in other words is arranged, between the electric motor 16 and the reducer 19, that is to say at the output of the electric motor 16.
• the brake 29 is configured to be arranged, in other words is arranged, between the electronic control unit 15 and the electric motor 16, in other words at the input of the electric motor 16, between the reducer 19 and the output shaft 20, in other words at the output of the reducer 19, or between two reduction stages of the reducer 19.
• the reducer 19 and, possibly, the brake 29 are arranged inside the casing 17 of the electromechanical actuator 11, in the assembled configuration of the electromechanical actuator 11.
• the electronic control unit 15 of the electromechanical actuator 11 comprises an obstacle and limit switch detection device, not shown, when rolling up the screen 2 and when rolling up this screen 2.
• the device for detecting obstacles and limit switches during winding and during unwinding of the screen 2 is implemented by means of the microcontroller 31 of the electronic control unit 15 and, in particular, by means of of an algorithm implemented by this microcontroller 31 .
• the winding tube 4 is driven in rotation around the axis of rotation X and the casing 17 of the electromechanical actuator 11 while being supported via two pivot links.
• the first pivot connection is made at a first end of the winding tube 4 by means of a crown 30 inserted around a first end 17a of the casing 17 of the electromechanical actuator 11.
• the crown 30 thus makes it possible to make a landing.
• the second pivot connection is made at a second end of the winding tube 4, not visible in this figure.
• the electromechanical actuator 11 further comprises a torque support 21, which can also be called “actuator head”.
• Torque support 21 is arranged at first end 17a of housing 17 of electromechanical actuator 11, in the assembled configuration of electromechanical actuator 11.
• the torque support 21 makes it possible to ensure the resumption of the forces exerted by the electromechanical actuator 11, in particular the torque exerted by the electromechanical actuator 11, by the structure of the building.
• the torque support 21 advantageously makes it possible to take up, in addition, the forces exerted by the winding tube 4, in particular the weight of the winding tube 4, of the electromechanical actuator 11 and of the screen 2, and to ensure that these forces are taken up by the structure of the building.
• the torque support 21 of the electromechanical actuator 11 makes it possible to fix the electromechanical actuator 11 to a frame 23, in particular to a cheek of the trunk 9.
• the torque support 21 projects at the level of the first end 17a of the casing 17 of the electromechanical actuator 11, in particular the end 17a of the casing 17 receiving the crown 30.
• the crown 30 constitutes, in other words is configured to constitute a bearing for guiding the winding tube 4 in rotation, in an assembled configuration of the concealment device 3.
• the torque support 21 of the electromechanical actuator 11 can also make it possible to close the first end 17a of the casing 17.
• the torque support 21 of the electromechanical actuator 11 can make it possible to support at least part of the electronic control unit 15.
• the electronic control unit 15 can be supplied with electrical energy by means of an electrical supply cable 18.
• the electronic control unit 15 is thus arranged, in other words integrated, inside the casing 17 of the electromechanical actuator 11.
• the electronic control unit 15 is arranged outside the casing 17 of the electromechanical actuator 11 and, in particular, mounted on the trunk 9 or in the torque support 21 .
• the torque support 21 can comprise at least one button, not shown.
• buttons can make it possible to adjust the electromechanical actuator 11 through one or more configuration modes, to pair with the electromechanical actuator 11 one or more control units 12, 13, to reset one or more several parameters, which can be, for example, an end-of-travel position, to reinitialize the paired control unit(s) 12, 13 or even to control the movement of the screen 2.
• the torque support 21 may comprise at least one display device, not shown, so as to allow a visual indication of an operating parameter of the motorized drive device 5.
• the display device comprises at least one light source, not shown, in particular a light-emitting diode.
• This or these light sources are mounted on an electronic card of the electronic control unit 15 and, optionally, a transparent or translucent cover and/or a light guide, to allow the passage of the light emitted by the or each of the lighting sources.
• the output shaft 20 of the electromechanical actuator 11 is arranged inside the winding tube 4 and at least partly outside the casing 17 of the electromechanical actuator 11.
• one end of the output shaft 20 projects relative to the casing 17 of the electromechanical actuator 11, in particular relative to a second end 17b of the casing 17 opposite the first end 17a.
• the output shaft 20 of the electromechanical actuator 11 is configured to rotate a connecting element 22.
• This connecting element 22 is connected to the winding tube 4, in the assembled configuration of the concealment device 3
• the connecting element 22 is made in the form of a wheel.
• the electric motor 16 and the reducer 19 rotate the output shaft 20.
• the output shaft 20 of the electromechanical actuator 11 rotates the winding tube 4 via the connecting element 22.
• the winding tube 4 rotates the screen 2 of the screening device 3, so as to open or close the opening 1.
• the electromechanical actuator 11 further comprises an electrical power cable 18, allowing it to be supplied with electrical energy, in particular the electrical power supply of the electronic control unit 15 and the electrical power supply of the electric motor 16, in particular from a mains electrical power supply network.
• the electronic control unit 15 comprises a single electronic card.
• the electronic card is configured to control the electric motor 16 and, possibly, access functions for setting and/or configuring the electromechanical actuator 11, by means of selection elements and, possibly, display , not shown.
• the electronic control unit 15 comprises a first electronic card and a second electronic card.
• the first electronic card is configured to control, in other words control, the electric motor 16.
• the second electronic card is configured to access functions for setting and/or configuring the electromechanical actuator 11, by means of selection and, possibly, display elements, not shown.
• the first electronic card of the electronic control unit 15 can be arranged inside the casing 17 of the electromechanical actuator 11 .
• the second electronic card can be placed inside the torque support 21 of the electromechanical actuator 11.
• the torque support 21 can include a cover, not shown.
• the second electronic card can be placed inside a housing formed between a part of the torque support 21 and the cover.
• the electric motor 16 comprises a rotor 50 and a stator 70 positioned coaxially around the axis of rotation X of the winding tube 4 in the mounted configuration of the motorized drive device 5.
• the electric motor 16 is of the synchronous type, in particular with permanent magnets.
• This synchronous type electric motor 16 can also be called “BLDC” (acronym of the English term BrushLess Direct Current).
• the synchronous type electric motor 16 is supplied with electrical energy by the electronic control unit 15.
• the electronic control unit 15 is configured to supply, in other words supplies, to the synchronous type electric motor 16 an alternating current at from a mains electrical power supply network, in particular by means of a power supply unit 40 disposed inside the casing 17, as illustrated in FIG. 3.
• the power supply box 40 is therefore connected, on the one hand, to the power supply cable 18 and, on the other hand, to the electronic control unit 15.
• the power supply unit 40 is integrated into the electronic control unit 15.
• the power supply unit 40 comprises a first AC/DC converter, not shown, and a second DC/AC converter, not shown.
• the second DC/AC converter is configured to generate, in other words generates, a rotating electromagnetic field in the electric motor 16 of the synchronous type, by switching switching elements, in particular switches.
• the electric motor 16 of the synchronous type is supplied with electrical energy from an alternating voltage between 100 volts and 240 volts, these limit values being included.
• This alternating voltage can have a frequency of either 50 Hertz or 60 Hertz.
• the rotor 50 is a rotor with permanent magnets.
• the rotor 50 comprises a number of pairs of poles equal to four.
• the rotor 50 comprises at least one rotor body, not shown, and a rotor shaft 52.
• X50 denotes a central axis of the rotor 50, which coincides with the axis of rotation X, in the mounted configuration of the electric motor 16 in installation 100.
• the rotor shaft 52 may also be referred to as the "motor shaft”.
• the rotor shaft 52 protrudes on either side of the rotor body.
• the rotor shaft 52 includes a first end 54 and a second end 56, projecting from the rotor body.
• the stator 70 has a central axis X70, which is coincident with the central axis X50 of the rotor 50, in particular in the assembled configuration of the electric motor 16.
• the stator 70 comprises a stator body 72, which is centered on the central axis X70.
• the stator 70 defines an internal space V70, in particular cylindrical with a circular section, illustrated in FIG. 5.
• the rotor 50 is configured to be positioned, in other words is positioned, inside the internal space V70 of the stator 70, particularly in the assembled configuration of the electric motor 16. Further, the rotor 50 is configured to be rotated, in other words is rotated, when the electric motor 16 is electrically activated.
• the diameter of the cylindrical space V70 is such that it receives the rotor 50, in particular in the assembled configuration of the electric motor 16.
• the rotor 50 since a magnetic or magnetized part of the rotor 50, i.e., the rotor core, is inside the internal space V70 of the stator 70, the rotor 50 is referred to as a rotor. internal.
• the stator body 72 comprises a central part 74 and two bowls 76, 78.
• Each bowl 76, 78 comprises a housing 80, 82.
• the housing 80, 82 of each of the bowls 76, 78 is configured to receive, in other words receives, a bearing, not shown, in particular in the assembled configuration of the electric motor 16.
• Each bearing is configured to support in rotation, in other words support in rotation, the rotor shaft 52, in particular in the assembled configuration of the electric motor 16.
• the rotor 50 is mounted in the stator body 72 while being movable around the axis of rotation X and supported at the level of the ends 54, 56 of the rotor shaft 52 via the two bearings.
• first end 54 of the rotor shaft 52 is supported by a first bearing arranged in a first housing 80.
• the second end 56 of the rotor shaft 52 is supported by a second bearing arranged in a second housing 82.
• first and second bearings are positioned on either side of the stator body 72 along the axis of rotation X.
• stator 70 comprises an armature 88 and several coils 86.
• a sectional view of the armature 88 is shown in Figure 6.
• stator 70 comprises six coils 86.
• the armature 88 comprises a yoke 90 and teeth 92.
• the cylinder head 90 has the shape of a hollow cylinder, the axis of which coincides with the central axis X70.
• the cylinder head 90 comprises an outer face 90A, in particular of cylindrical shape, and an inner face 90B, in particular of cylindrical shape.
• D90 the external diameter of the cylinder head 90 and d90 the internal diameter of the cylinder head 90, measured in a plane perpendicular to the central axis X70, corresponding respectively to the diameter of the external face 90A and to the diameter of the internal face 90B.
• E90 the thickness of the cylinder head 90, measured in a plane perpendicular to the central axis X70 and along a radial axis of the cylinder head 90, that is to say along an axis normal to the external faces 90A and internal 90B .
• the thickness E90 of the cylinder head 90 is calculated from the outer diameter D90 and the inner diameter d90 of the cylinder head 90, according to the following formula:
• the thickness E90 therefore corresponds to the distance separating the external face 90A and the internal face 90B of the cylinder head 90.
• the outer diameter D90 of the cylinder head 90 is between 30mm and 65mm and the inner diameter d90 of the cylinder head 90 is between 25mm and 58mm.
• the thickness E90 of the cylinder head 90 is between 2mm and 6mm.
• the outer diameter D90 of the cylinder head 90 corresponds to the outer diameter of the stator 70.
• the electric motor 16 is adapted to be positioned in the winding tube 4 of internal diameter D4 between 40mm and 100mm.
• H88 the height of the armature 88.
• the height H88 of the frame 88 is between 20mm and 120mm.
• each tooth 92 of the armature 88 extends from the internal face 90B of the cylinder head 90 towards the central axis X70.
• each tooth 92 extends over the entire height H88 of the armature 88.
• the armature 88 comprises twelve teeth 92.
• each of the teeth 92 comprises a central part 93, which can also be called “isthmus”, which extends from the internal face 90B of the cylinder head 90 towards the central axis X70, and one end 94, in particular perpendicular to the central part 93, which extends from a free end of the central part 93 in a direction circumferential to the central axis X70, on each side of the free end of the central part 93, so as to form two tooth feet 97.
• a central part 93 which can also be called “isthmus”
• isthmus which extends from the internal face 90B of the cylinder head 90 towards the central axis X70
• one end 94 in particular perpendicular to the central part 93, which extends from a free end of the central part 93 in a direction circumferential to the central axis X70, on each side of the free end of the central part 93, so as to form two tooth feet 97.
• direction circumferential to the central axis X70 is meant a direction contained in a plane perpendicular to the central axis X70 and tangent at all points to a circle contained in a plane perpendicular to the central axis X70 and whose center is carried by the central axis X70.
• Such a circumferential direction is perpendicular to an axis radial to the central axis X70 and can be qualified as “orthoradial”.
• each tooth root 97 of an end 94 of a tooth 92 is opposite a tooth root 97 of the end 94 of the adjacent teeth 92, as illustrated in Figure 6.
• tooth roots 97 of the end 94 of two adjacent teeth 92 define an opening 95, which can also be called “wire passage”, in other words are not in contact.
• the width L95 of each wire passage 95 is between 1.5 mm and 2.5 mm.
• all the wire passages 95 of the armature 88 are arranged on an imaginary cylinder, the axis of which coincides with the central axis X70 and the diameter of which, denoted "d95", is less than the internal diameter d90 of the cylinder head 90.
• This diameter d95 can also be called “stator internal diameter”, since this delimits in practice the internal space V70 of the stator 70 in which the rotor 50 is received.
• stator internal diameter d95 defines the dimensions of the rotor 50, and in particular the maximum external diameter of the rotor 50.
• stator inside diameter d95 is between 16mm and 35mm.
• a tooth length 92 is thus defined, denoted “E92”, which corresponds to the largest dimension of the teeth 92, measured in a plane perpendicular to the central axis X70 along an axis radial to the central axis X70.
• each tooth 92 is calculated from the internal diameter d90 of the yoke 90 and the internal stator diameter d95, according to the following formula:
• each notch 96 opens into the internal space V70 of the stator 70 via one of the wire passages 95.
• each notch 96 is delimited by the internal face 90B of the yoke 90, by two adjacent teeth 92 and by the wire passage 95 extending between these two adjacent teeth 92.
• the teeth 92 and the wire passages 95 being all identical, the notches 96 are therefore all identical.
• S96 the surface of a notch 96, in other words the area or the surface of a notch 96, measured in a plane perpendicular to the central axis X70.
• a notch 96 is shown shaded so as to represent the corresponding surface S96.
• the surface S96 is between 15mm 2 and 50mm 2 .
• V96 the volume of a notch 96.
• the volume V96 of a notch 96 is obtained by multiplying the surface S96 of a notch 96 by the height H88 of the armature 88.
• a coil 86 is formed by winding a wire 98.
• each coil 86 is configured to be arranged, in other words is arranged, in the frame 88, more precisely in two notches 96, in particular in the assembled configuration of the electric motor 16.
• the winding of the stator 70 comprises several wires 98, which can be three in number.
• each wire 98 has a globally constant diameter.
• the diameter of each wire 98 is between 0.13 mm and 1 mm.
• each coil 86 has the shape of an elongated "O", that is to say that it comprises two main branches, denoted 86A and 86B, connected to each other by two ends, denoted 86C and 86D, in particular in the assembled configuration of the electric motor 16.
• E86 the thickness of the main branches 86A, 86B, measured in the direction circumferential to the central axis X70, in particular in the assembled configuration of the electric motor 16.
• the two main branches 86A, 86B of the same coil 86 are arranged in two not adjacent notches 96 and the ends 86C, 86D of this same coil 86 are arranged outside the frame 88.
• the two ends 86C, 86D of the same coil 86 extend between the two main branches 86A, 86B of this same coil 86 in the direction circumferential to the central axis X70
• each wire 98 of a coil 86 is wound a predetermined number of turns to form a coil 86, which can be, for example, between 10 and 1000 times and, more particularly, between 50 and 600 times.
• each main branch 86A, 86B and each end 86C, 86D comprises between 10 and 1000 sections of wire 98.
• stator 70 is wound by insertion.
• wound by insertion it is meant that each coil 86 is formed from a wire 98 outside the stator 70, in other words outside the stator 70, so as to subsequently insert them into the slots 96 , through the wire passages 95 of the notches 96, in a direction radial to the central axis X70 of the stator 70.
• the wire or wires 98 are wound according to a precise winding pattern.
• This winding diagram is known per se and suitable for producing the electric motor 16 of the synchronous type.
• FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a winding diagram suitable for producing the electric motor 16 of the synchronous type.
• the length of the main branches 86A, 86B of the coils 86 has been increased in FIG. 5 in order to represent the ends 86C, 86D remote from the armature 88.
• the ends 86C, 86D may be close to or in contact with the armature 88.
• each main branch 86A, 86B and of each end 86C, 86D is simplified in figure 5.
• the two main branches 86A, 86B of a coil 86 are inserted into two non-adjacent wire passages 95, so that the coil 86 surrounds several teeth 92.
• a coil 86 surrounds three teeth 92.
• the main branches 86A, 86B of a coil 86 are inserted into two notches 96 separated by two other notches 96.
• the two main branches 86A, 86B of a coil 86 being formed of a number of sections of wires 98 which can have a relative movement between them, these two main branches 86A, 86B can be deformed, i.e. to say that their section, taken in a plane perpendicular to the central axis X70, can be modified, in particular so as to reduce the thickness E86.
• the coil 86 can be mounted on the armature 88, in the case where the thickness E86 of each main branch 86A, 86B is greater than the width L95 of each wire passage 95.
• a coil volume is defined in the armature 88, denoted “V int ”, in other words a coil volume inside the armature 88.
• This volume Vi nt is the volume of a part of all the coils 86 disposed inside the armature 88. This may correspond in practice to the volume of the main branches 86A, 86B of each coil 86.
• a coil volume outside the armature 88 is defined, denoted “V ex t”, in other words a coil volume outside the armature 88.
• This volume V ex t is the volume of a part of all the coils 86 arranged outside the armature 88. This may correspond in practice to the volume of the ends 86C, 86D of each coil 86.
• the coil volume in the armature Vi nt is proportional to the area S96 of the notches 96 and to the height H88 of the armature 88.
• This coil volume in the armature Vi nt depends, moreover, on the diameter interior stator d95 and the interior diameter d90 of the cylinder head 90, because these make it possible to determine the surface S96 of each notch 96.
• the volume of the coil outside the armature V ext depends, in particular, on the internal stator diameter d95 and the distance separating the two main branches 86A, 86B of each coil 86, this distance depending on the width L93 of the central part 93 of each tooth 92 and the surface S96 of each notch 96.
• the coil volume outside the armature V ext is between 4.6 cm 3 and 20.4 cm 3 .
• the sum of coil volume in armature V int and coil volume outside armature V out equals a total volume of coils 86.
• the coil volume in the armature Vi nt is as large as possible, that is to say that the surface S96 of each notch 96 is as large as possible.
• the inside diameter d90 of the cylinder head 90 on which depends the surface S96 of each notch 96, also depends on the thickness E90 of the cylinder head 90.
• a first ratio Q1 in other words a first quotient or a first ratio, of the surface S96 of a notch 96, expressed in mm 2 , on the thickness E90 of the cylinder head 90, expressed in millimeters (mm).
• This first Q1 ratio is expressed in millimetres.
• the first ratio Q1 is calculated using the following formula:
• Such a range of values of the first ratio Q1 is advantageous, since it is representative of the electric motor 16 whose armature 88 is optimized to maximize the surface S96 of each notch 96.
• the first ratio Q1 is between 5.5 mm and 8.5 mm.
• a second ratio Q2 in other words a second quotient or a second ratio, of the stator inside diameter d95 of the stator 70, expressed in millimeters (mm) , on the coil volume 86 outside the armature V ext , expressed in cm 3 .
• this second ratio Q2 makes it possible to estimate the coil volume outside the armature V ext independently of the stator inside diameter d95 of the stator 70. This makes it possible, for a stator inside diameter d95 of the stator 70 fixed, to quantify the coil volume useless for driving the rotor 50 in rotation.
• This second ratio Q2 is expressed in mm/cm 3 . In other words, the second ratio Q2 is calculated using the following formula: d95
• Such a range of values of the second ratio Q2 is advantageous, because it is representative of the electric motor 16 whose coil volume outside the armature V e xt is optimized, that is to say is minimized.
• the second ratio Q2 is between 1 mm/cm 3 and 4.5 mm/cm 3 .
• a third ratio Q3 in other words a third quotient or a third ratio, of the width L95 of the wire passages 95 of the notches 96, expressed in millimeters (mm), over the diameter of the son 98, called “d98” and expressed in millimeters (mm).
• This third ratio Q3 is expressed without units.
• the third ratio Q3 is calculated using the following formula:
• the third ratio Q3 is always greater than or equal to 1.5 and preferably greater than or equal to 2.
• the wire passages 95 of the notches 96 are always wide enough to allow the passage of the wire 98 of the coils 86, and therefore the winding of the stator 70 by insertion.
• an electromechanical actuator 11 comprising an electric motor 116 according to a second embodiment of the invention.
• the electric motor 116 is of the synchronous type, in particular with permanent magnets.
• This synchronous type electric motor 116 can also be called “BLDC” (acronym of the English term BrushLess Direct Current).
• the electric motor 116 of the synchronous type is supplied with electrical energy by the electronic control unit 15.
• the electronic control unit 15 is configured to supply, in other words supplies, to the electric motor 16 of the synchronous type an alternating current from an electrical energy supply source, such as, for example, a battery or an electrical energy supply network of the Ethernet type, which can also be called “PoE” (acronym of the Anglo-Saxon term Power over Ethernet ), in particular by means of a power supply unit 40 arranged inside the casing 17, as illustrated in FIG. 7.
• the power supply box 40 is therefore connected, on the one hand, to the power supply cable 18 and, on the other hand, to the electronic control unit 15.
• the power supply unit 40 is integrated into the electronic control unit 15.
• the power supply unit 40 includes a DC/AC converter, not shown.
• the DC/AC converter is configured to generate, in other words generates, a rotating electromagnetic field in the electric motor 16 of the synchronous type, by switching switching elements, in particular switches.
• the electric motor 116 of the synchronous type is powered by a direct voltage between 12 volts and 48 volts, these limit values being included.
• the diameter of the wires 98 is adapted.
• the diameter of the wires 98 is increased with respect to the diameter of the wires 98 of the electric motor 16 of the synchronous type of the first embodiment described previously, for example between 0.3 mm and 1 mm.
• the increase in the diameter of the wires 98 decreases the capacity of the coils 86 to be deformed, that is to say their capacity to reduce the thickness E86 of the main branches 86A, 86B, in particular during the insertion of the coils 86 in notches 96.
• the armature 88 of the stator 70 is therefore advantageously configured so that the width L95 of each passage of wire 95 is adapted to allow the insertion of the coils 86 when the diameter of the wires 98 is between 0.3 mm and 1 mm.
• the armature 88 of the electric motor 116 according to the second embodiment is identical to the armature 88 of the electric motor 16 according to the first embodiment.
• the electric motor 116 also comprises six coils 86 mounted in twelve slots 96. It follows in particular that the magnitudes D90, d90, d95, E92, L94, L95, S96, Q1, Q2, Q3 are the same as in the first embodiment.
• the winding diagram of the stator 70 is adapted to the DC supply voltage of the electric motor 116 of the synchronous type.
• the winding diagram of the electric motor 116 of the synchronous type according to the second embodiment is known per se and suitable for the production of such an electric motor of the synchronous type.
• the electric motor 116 of the synchronous type is also wound by insertion.
• an electromechanical actuator 11 comprising an electric motor 216 according to a third embodiment.
• the electric motor 216 whose stator 70 is visible in FIG. 8, is of the asynchronous type.
• the electric motor 216 of the asynchronous type is supplied with electrical energy by the electronic control unit 15.
• the electronic control unit 15 is configured to supply, in other words supplies, to the electric motor 216 of the asynchronous type an alternating current at from a mains electrical power supply network, in particular by means of the power supply box 40 being arranged inside the casing 17 and being connected, on the one hand, to the electrical power supply cable 18 and , on the other hand, to the electronic control unit 15.
• the electric motor 216 of the asynchronous type is powered by an alternating voltage of between 100 volts and 240 volts, these limit values being included.
• the electric motor 216 of the asynchronous type is supplied directly with alternating current.
• the rotor 50 of the electric motor 216 of the asynchronous type is a squirrel-cage rotor.
• the armature 88 of the electric motor 216 according to the third embodiment is identical to the armature 88 of the electric motor 16 according to the first embodiment or of the electric motor 116 according to the second embodiment.
• the electric motor 216 also comprises six coils 86 mounted in twelve slots 96. It follows in particular that the magnitudes D90, d90, d95, E92, L94, L95, S96, Q1, Q2, Q3 are the same as in the first and second embodiments.
• the winding diagram of the electric motor 216 of the asynchronous type is modified with respect to the winding diagram of the electric motor 16, 116 of the synchronous type according to the first or second embodiment, so as to drive in rotation of a squirrel-cage rotor 50 with respect to the stator 70.
• the winding diagram of the electric motor 216 of the asynchronous type according to the third embodiment is known per se and suitable for the production of such an electric motor of the asynchronous type.
• the electric motor 216 of the asynchronous type is also wound by insertion. Thanks to the geometry of the stator 70, it is possible to wind the electric motor 216 of the asynchronous type according to a winding diagram suitable for the production of such an electric motor of the asynchronous type without having to modify the armature 88.
• the same armature 88 of stator 70 can be used to produce a synchronous type electric motor supplied with alternating current, such as the synchronous type electric motor 16 according to the first embodiment, or in direct current, such as the electric motor 116 of the synchronous type according to the second embodiment, or for the production of an electric motor of the asynchronous type supplied with alternating current, such as the electric motor 216 of the asynchronous type according to the third embodiment , by adapting the winding diagram of the stator 70 of the electric motor 16, 116, 216.
• this armature 88 adapted to the production of synchronous type electric motors and asynchronous type electric motors is advantageous, because it makes it possible to simplify the manufacture of such electric motors 16, 1, 16, 216 by reducing the number of parts. used.
• This range G of electric motors comprises at least the electric motor 16 of the synchronous type according to the first embodiment, supplied with alternating current, and/or the electric motor 116 of the synchronous type according to the second embodiment, supplied with direct current , and the electric motor 216 of the asynchronous type according to the third embodiment, supplied with alternating current.
• this range G of electric motors includes electric motors 16, 116, 216 which all have an identical armature 88 of stator 70 and are all wound by insertion.
• the first ratio Q1 of the surface S96 of each notch 96 on the thickness E90 of the cylinder head 90 is between 5mm and 10mm.
• the second ratio Q2 of the stator inside diameter d95 of the stator 70 to the coil volume outside the armature V ex t is between 1 mm/cm 3 and 5mm/cm 3 .
• all the electric motors 16, 116, 216 of the G range have the same armature 88 of stator 70 and their winding diagram is adapted depending on whether the electric motor 16, 116, 216 is of the synchronous type. or of the asynchronous type and according to the supply voltage thereof, in particular its nature, which may be AC or DC, and/or its value.
• the diameter of the wires 98 forming the coils 86 is adapted according to whether the electric motor 16, 116, 216 is of the synchronous type or of the asynchronous type and according to the supply voltage of the latter, in particular its nature, which can be alternating or continuous, and/or its value.
• the armature 88 chosen to manufacture the electric motor 16, 116 of the synchronous type, according to the first or second embodiment, or the electric motor 216 of the asynchronous type, according to the third embodiment, is independent of the type of electric motor being manufactured.
• the stator 70 of the electric motor 16, 116, 216 is always wound by insertion, regardless of the type of electric motor 16, 116, 216, which can be synchronous or asynchronous.
• the winding diagram of the stator 70 is selected according to whether the electric motor 16, 116, 216 is of the synchronous type or of the asynchronous type and according to the supply voltage thereof, in particular its nature, which may be alternating. or continues, and/or its value.
• the armature 88 of the stator 70 comprises a number of distinct teeth 92, which can be, for example, sixteen or eighteen and, consequently, a number of notches equivalent to the number of teeth 92 , which can be, therefore, sixteen or eighteen.
• the rotor 50 comprises a distinct number of pairs of poles, which can be, for example, eight.
• the power supply unit 40 is not part of the housing

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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• Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
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• 2020
  • 2020-12-24 FR FR2014130A patent/FR3118546B1/fr active Active
• 2021
  • 2021-12-22 CN CN202180087657.4A patent/CN116670984A/zh active Pending
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