EP4268311A1 - Dispositif de régulation thermique - Google Patents
Dispositif de régulation thermiqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP4268311A1 EP4268311A1 EP21854929.3A EP21854929A EP4268311A1 EP 4268311 A1 EP4268311 A1 EP 4268311A1 EP 21854929 A EP21854929 A EP 21854929A EP 4268311 A1 EP4268311 A1 EP 4268311A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- fluid
- pipes
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 description 13
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 5
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCAYPVUWAIABOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CBFCDTFDPHXCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CBFCDTFDPHXCNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011231 conductive filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the invention relates to a thermal regulation device intended in particular to ensure the cooling and/or heating of a battery of a motor vehicle.
- Motor vehicles in particular electric or hybrid vehicles whose propulsion is ensured at least partially by an electric motor, are equipped with a battery comprising several cells arranged in series and/or in parallel in a protective casing in order to form a battery or a set called a battery pack.
- Charging and discharging a battery are exothermic processes. However, in the event of too high a temperature, the aging reactions are accelerated and a reduction in the service life of the battery may follow. There is also a risk of thermal runaway which can lead to the destruction of the battery. On the contrary, if the temperature is too low, that is to say below a predefined minimum threshold, the capacity of the battery can decrease sharply.
- This can be air circulation in natural or forced convection, circulation of glycol water or oil, or even the evaporation of a refrigerant fluid.
- direct cooling When it comes to oil or air in particular, the fluid can be in direct contact with the battery cells. Such cooling is referred to as direct cooling.
- the fluid can pass through cooling surfaces, for example through a closed circuit comprising a cooling loop equipped with cooling plates forming heat exchangers.
- cooling is referred to as indirect cooling.
- the invention aims to remedy the aforementioned problems in a simple, reliable and inexpensive manner.
- the invention relates to a thermal regulation device comprising a member to be heated or cooled, a fluid circulation pipe comprising at least one flexible part capable of deforming as a function of the pressure of the fluid within the pipe. , and at least one contact zone coming into contact with said member when the pressure of the fluid in the pipe is greater than a determined pressure and which is moved away from said member when the pressure of the fluid in the pipe is lower than the determined pressure, the thermal regulation device comprising regulation means capable of varying the pressure of the fluid within the pipe.
- the return of the contact zone to the separated position can be ensured by the intrinsic elasticity of the flexible part, by the addition of additional return means, or by applying a vacuum in the pipe so as to suck the fluid contained in the pipe, at least in part and thus moving the contact zone away from the member to be heated or cooled.
- the application of a depression is particularly useful in the case of the assembly or disassembly of such a device.
- the contact zone can be formed, at least in part, by the flexible part.
- the ratio between the contact surface between the pipe and the member to be heated, when the pressure of the fluid is lower than the determined pressure, and the contact surface between the pipe and the member to be heated, when the pressure of the fluid is greater than the determined pressure, can be between 0 and 1, preferably between 0 and 0.5.
- the fluid can be a heat transfer fluid, for example glycol water, or a refrigerant fluid.
- the contact between the pipe and the member can be direct or indirect, that is to say made via an additional element or an interface layer.
- the flexible part can be made of elastomer or of thermoplastic or of metallic material, or by combination of materials, at least in part.
- the elastomeric material is for example of the rubber type.
- thermoplastic material is for example of the TPV type.
- the elastomeric or thermoplastic material can be filled, at least in one zone of the pipe, using a thermally conductive filler, for example graphite, in order to improve heat exchange between the fluid and the member.
- a thermally conductive filler for example graphite
- the filler can be a flame-retardant material or even an electrical insulator, or a combination of the aforementioned fillers.
- At least part of the pipe may comprise a composite material, a thermoplastic or a thermosetting material, or a combination of these materials.
- the flexible part may comprise at least one wall comprising at least one zone inclined with respect to the direction of movement of the contact zone.
- the contact zone moves for example in translation along an axis perpendicular to the member in the zone intended to come into contact with the pipe.
- a translation along the axis of the wall in the contact zone could also be considered.
- Adapting the pressure within the pipe can also make it possible to vary the contact surface between the pipe and the element(s) to be cooled or heated.
- the higher the pressure within the pipe the more the contact zone will be extended, so as to promote heat exchange.
- the lower the pressure within the pipe the lower the contact zone, or even zero, so as to limit heat exchange.
- Said wall may comprise several successive inclined zones, oriented in different directions.
- the flexible zone can thus have the general shape of a bellows capable of deforming.
- the contact zone may comprise at least one metallic part.
- Such a metal part makes it possible to promote heat exchange.
- Said metal part may be intended to come into contact with the fluid in the pipe and with the member.
- the metal part can be embedded in the thickness of the pipe.
- the device may comprise a support part, the pipe being formed in part or resting on said support part, opposite the contact zone.
- the support part can be a casing element of an electric battery of a motor vehicle.
- the support part can be a crosspiece or a spar.
- the crosspiece or the spar can be made of composite or metallic material.
- the composite material may comprise reinforcing fibers embedded in a polymer matrix.
- the support part may be a material consisting of a set of plies superimposed on each other, the pipe being delimited at least in part between two plies of the support part.
- a support thus integrates the driving function.
- Such a support can be produced by a process of pultrusion or extrusion by drawing or gluing or welding.
- the device may comprise several pipes separated from each other and each comprising a flexible part and a contact zone capable of coming into contact with or of being separated from the member to be heated or cooled.
- the same support part can be common to at least two pipes.
- the same metal part intended to come into contact with the fluid and with the component can be common to several pipes.
- Said metal part and/or the support part can be a metal sheet.
- the device may comprise at least one elastic member mounted between the contact zone and the support part.
- said elastic member can be mounted between the contact zone and the member to be heated or cooled.
- Said elastic member may have shape memory.
- Said elastic member can be housed in the pipe or outside thereof.
- the elastic member can be formed by a separate element separate from the flexible part of the pipe.
- the elastic member can be formed by the flexible part itself, or by a separate element but integrated into the flexible part.
- the elastic member can be formed by a spring, for example a compression spring or a tension spring.
- the spring is for example a helical spring.
- the device may comprise means for storing calories and/or cold temperatures.
- Said calorie and/or cold storage means may comprise a phase change material or PCM, for example water, glycol, a saline solution or paraffin.
- the thermal phase change material can consist of n-hexadecane, eicosane or a lithium salt, all of which have melting points below 50°C.
- the MCP material may be based on a fatty acid or a eutectic or hydrated salt, or even fatty alcohols, for example.
- Such thermal storage means make it possible to accumulate thermal energy (calories or cold temperatures) by latent heat (phase change) or by sensible heat.
- These storage means can in particular be charged with calories or cold temperatures during a first phase of operation, and be discharged either by heating or cooling the member, or through the fluid circulating in the pipes, in a second phase of operation.
- Said calorie and/or cold storage means can be mounted in a conduit of the device or between two conduits of the device.
- the pipe may include a reinforcement extending over all or part of the pipe.
- Said reinforcement may comprise reinforcing fibers embedded in or on the surface of a polymer matrix.
- the matrix is intended to perform the sealing function.
- the thermal regulation device may comprise heating means capable of heating said member and/or the fluid circulating in the pipe.
- the heating means can be integrated into the pipe.
- the heating means may comprise metal or carbon fibers, derived for example from the reinforcement, capable of forming an electrical resistor capable of generating calories by the Joule effect when a voltage is applied to said fibers or to said armature.
- Some of the reinforcing fibers can then perform both the reinforcing function and the thermal heating function.
- the heating means may comprise a metal or carbon armature capable of forming an electrical resistance capable of generating calories by the Joule effect when a voltage is applied to said armature.
- the reinforcement can also perform the reinforcement function, in addition to the heating function.
- the reinforcement can be made using a non-woven or woven structure.
- the reinforcement can be obtained by braiding, knitting, wrapping or spiraling wires or metallic or carbon-based fibers.
- the yarns or fibers of the reinforcement may have a resistivity of between 10 12 and 10 6 ⁇ .cm.
- the structure of the reinforcement may be capable of allowing flexibility of the pipe by an appropriate arrangement of the yarns or fibers.
- the fluid circulation line may have the general shape of a pipe.
- the fluid circulation pipe may have the general shape of a pocket.
- the bag may have a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet.
- the inlets and outlets of the pocket can be located at the same end of the pocket or respectively at two opposite ends of the pocket.
- the pocket may comprise a wall of annular section, having a constant thickness over the entire periphery. Such a pocket can be produced by extrusion for example. Such a pocket does not include any covering of material over its thickness.
- the pocket may comprise a wall of annular section having an overlap zone in which two thicknesses of wall are fixed in a sealed manner to one another.
- the pocket can be formed, in part, by the support part, for example a spar or a crosspiece, and in part, by a wall fixed in leaktight manner to the support part, so as to delimit an internal volume of the pocket. with the supporting part.
- the thermal regulation device may comprise at least one first movable plate able to bear against the member to be heated or cooled, at least one second movable plate fixed relative to the first movable plate, and at least one intermediate plate mounted between said movable plates, the first movable plate and the intermediate plate delimiting the pipe, the intermediate plate comprising at least one flexible protrusion forming the flexible part and capable of deforming according to the pressure of the fluid within the pipe, the said protrusion extending through at least one opening of the second movable plate and being capable of bearing on a support part.
- the pipe may have the general shape of a pocket.
- the inlet and the outlet can be located in two zones separated from each other of the pocket, for example at two ends of the pocket.
- At least some of the pipes can be connected by fluidic connection zones so as to form one or more channels in the general shape of a serpentine or baffles extending from one pipe to another.
- the pipes can be located at the level of the same face of the component to be heated or cooled.
- the pipes can be connected "in series” one after the other, in "parallel", or any combination of the two modes, via the connection zones.
- At least one internal channel in the general shape of a serpentine or comprising any type of baffling can be formed in at least one pocket of the aforementioned type.
- the pocket may be formed of a first part forming in particular a first longitudinal face and a second part forming in particular a second longitudinal face, the two parts being assembled in a sealed manner to one another.
- the longitudinal direction can be defined as the direction of extension or greatest dimension of the pocket.
- the inlet and the outlet can be located at the level of the longitudinal faces of the pocket and can extend perpendicularly to the general median plane of the pocket.
- the entrance and the outlet can be located at opposite longitudinal ends of the pocket, that is to say opposite one another.
- the inlet and the outlet can be located at the level of the same longitudinal face of the pocket.
- the inlet and the outlet can be located at the same longitudinal end of the pocket.
- the inlet and the outlet can be located at two opposite longitudinal ends of the pocket.
- the channel(s) may include a narrowing of its section, progressive or not, for example from the entrance to the exit.
- At least one pipe or at least one pocket can be provided with means for generating turbulence in the flow of fluid passing through the pipes.
- These turbulence generating means are for example formed by areas of material or corrugations, for example in the shape of a chevron. It is also possible to form these turbulence generating means by means of inserts. These means can be formed or molded on the walls or faces of the conduit or of the pocket, or be formed by separate parts fixed to said walls or faces of the conduit or of the pocket. These means can also be formed on a surface against which the pipe or the pocket is pressed when the pipe or the pocket is subjected to a pressurized fluid, for example a face of the cells or of the support.
- the component to be heated or cooled can be one or more battery cells, for example for a motor vehicle.
- Each cell may have a generally parallelepipedal shape having first side faces and second side faces, the first faces having a larger dimension than the second faces.
- the conduits may extend along the first faces and/or the second faces.
- Each cell may have a cylindrical shape.
- the cells can be staggered.
- the pipes can extend between the cells and have curved zones matching the cylindrical shapes of the cells, at least in part.
- the cells can be so-called “pouch” cells (in English), comprising a pocket made of aluminized multilayer film, or made of aluminum or plastic, for example.
- the cells for example cylindrical, pouch or prismatic, can be housed in a support block made of thermally conductive material, at least one pipe being able to come into contact with at least one side face of said support block.
- the device may comprise means for measuring and/or calculating the temperature of the cells, and means for regulating and/or controlling making it possible to adapt the pressure of the fluid flowing in the pipes accordingly.
- the latter can also adapt the fluid temperature accordingly.
- the device may include means for circulating the fluid in the pipes.
- the invention also relates to a motor vehicle, for example of the electric or hybrid type, characterized in that it comprises at least one device of the aforementioned type.
- FIG. 1 is an exploded view, in perspective, of part of a thermal regulation device according to a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a side view of part of the device, in a first position of the pipes,
- FIG. 3 is a detail view of figure 2
- FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3, illustrating a second position of the pipes
- FIG. 5 is an exploded view in perspective of part of the device, according to a second embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view of part of the device of figure 5,
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a pipe according to a third embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of part of the device according to a fourth third embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of part of the device, according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 10 is a view corresponding to FIG. 9, illustrating a sixth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 11 is a view corresponding to FIG. 9, illustrating a seventh embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 12 is a view illustrating the mounting of pipes at one of the largest side faces of a parallelepiped-shaped battery cell, in accordance with an eighth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 13 is a view illustrating the assembly of pipes at the level of the smallest side faces of adjacent parallelepipedic cells, in accordance with a ninth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view illustrating part of a device according to a tenth embodiment
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view illustrating part of a device according to an eleventh embodiment
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view illustrating part of a device according to a twelfth embodiment
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a pocket of Figure 16
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a pocket according to a thirteenth embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view of a pocket according to a fourteenth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a pocket according to a fifteenth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a pocket according to a sixteenth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 22 is a perspective view of a pocket according to a seventeenth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 23 is a perspective view illustrating part of a device according to an eighteenth embodiment
- FIG. 24 is a perspective view illustrating part of a device according to a nineteenth embodiment
- FIG. 25 is a perspective view of several pipes according to a twentieth embodiment
- FIG. 26 is an exploded perspective view of a pocket according to a twenty-first embodiment
- FIG. 27 is a view corresponding to FIG. 26, illustrating a pocket according to a twenty-second embodiment
- FIG. 28 is a view corresponding to FIG. 26, illustrating a pocket according to a twenty-third embodiment
- FIG. 29 is a view corresponding to FIG. 26, illustrating a pocket according to a twenty-fourth embodiment
- FIG. 30 is a view corresponding to FIG. 25, illustrating pipes according to a twenty-fifth embodiment
- FIG. 31 is a detail view of part of figure 30.
- FIGS 1 to 4 illustrate a thermal regulation device 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention.
- This comprises a member to be heated or cooled, formed here by a set of battery cells 2 of a motor vehicle.
- Cells 2 are parallelepipedic in shape and adjacent to each other.
- the device comprises pipes 3 for circulating fluid spaced apart from each other and extending for example along the side walls of smaller surface 2a of the cells 2.
- each pipe 3 comprises, in section, a first end 4 in contact with a support 4a, represented here by a fixed plate, a second end 5 intended to come into contact with the cells 2 and opposite the first end 4, and a middle zone 6.
- the ends 4, 5 are substantially planar.
- the first ends 4 of the pipes 3 can be fixed to the support 4a by gluing or welding or by riveting for example.
- the support 4a can form the ends 4 of the pipes 3.
- the middle zone 6 is flexible and deformable along an axis denoted X.
- the middle zone 6 has the general shape of a bellows.
- the middle zone 6 is formed by two side walls 6a of the pipe 3 each comprising zones 6b inclined with respect to the axis X, here two inclined zones 6b arranged symmetrically with respect to a median plane P located between the planes of the ends 4, 5 and parallel to said planes of the ends 4, 5.
- a fluid for example a heat transfer fluid or a refrigerant, circulates in the pipes 3.
- Each pipe 3 is here formed from a single piece, for example of elastomeric material.
- the elastomeric material is for example of the TPV type.
- the elastomeric material can be filled, at least in one zone of the pipe 3, using a thermally conductive filler, for example graphite, in order to improve the heat exchanges between the fluid and the cells.
- Pipes 3 can alternatively be formed of metallic or composite materials or multilayer film, again a combination of several materials.
- the middle zone 6 is capable of deforming depending on the pressure of the fluid within the pipe 3, between a first position illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 and a second position illustrated in Figure 4.
- the fluid pressure in line 3 is greater than a threshold value.
- the first end 5 is in contact, in particular in direct contact, with the cells 2 of the battery, so as to allow heat exchange between the fluid flowing in the pipes 3 and the cells 2.
- the fluid pressure in line 3 is lower than the threshold value.
- the first end 4 is separated from the cells 2 of the battery, so as to avoid or limit heat exchange between the fluid flowing in the pipes 3 and the cells 2.
- the return to the second position can be ensured by the elasticity of the middle zone 6.
- the device 1 may comprise means for measuring and/or calculating the temperature of the cells 2, and regulation and/or control means making it possible to adapt the pressure of the fluid flowing in the pipes 3 accordingly.
- the latter can also adapt the fluid temperature accordingly.
- the first position can for example make it possible to ensure the cooling of the cells 2 in case of need.
- the second position can for example make it possible to avoid such cooling, in particular when they need to be heated, for example in winter conditions.
- FIGs 5 and 6 illustrate a second embodiment of the invention, which differs from that exposed with reference to Figures 1 to 4 in that each pipe 3 is formed of two distinct parts, namely a first part forming the first end 4 and the middle zone 6, and a second part formed by a zone of a sheet metal 7, for example aluminum, or a panel made of thermally conductive material.
- the junction between the first part 4, 6, made for example of elastomer, and the metal sheet 7, is a sealed junction so that the fluid can flow into the internal volume of the pipe 3 delimited by the first end 4, the middle zone 6 and the zone concerned the plate 7.
- the fluid is in direct contact with the plate 7.
- the same sheet 7 is common to several pipes 3.
- the sheet 7 is thus movable in translation relative to the first end 4, between a first position in which it is able to bear against the cells 2 of the battery, and a second position in which it is separated from said cells 2.
- Such an embodiment makes it possible to improve the conductivity of the contact zone between the pipes 3 and the cells 2.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a third embodiment of the invention, which differs from that described with reference to Figures 5 and 6 in that elastic members 8, here helical tension springs, are mounted in the pipes 3.
- a first end of each elastic member 8 is fixed to the first end 4 of the pipe 3, a second end of each elastic member 8 being fixed to the second end 5 of the pipe 3.
- the elastic members 8 exert a return force tending to bring the the first and second ends 4, 5 of each pipe 3. In other words, the elastic members 8 tend to return the pipes 3 to the position illustrated in FIG. 4.
- Figure 8 illustrates a fourth embodiment of the invention, which differs from that described with reference to Figure 7 in that the elastic members 8, here also formed by helical tension springs, are mounted between the support 4a and a metal sheet 7 similar to that described with reference to Figures 5 and 6, that is to say a sheet 7 forming the second ends 5 of the pipes 3.
- the elastic members 8 exert a return force tending to bring the support 4a and the sheet 7 closer together.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a fifth embodiment, which differs from that described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 in that the device 1 comprises pipes 9 filled, at least partially, with a phase change material 10. These pipes 9 are not intended for the circulation of a fluid and do not necessarily include a deformable zone 6. In particular, the second ends 5 of the pipes 3 filled with such a material can be kept in contact with the cells 2 of the battery.
- the number of pipes 9 filled with phase change material can be variable, as well as their distribution within the pipes 3 in which the fluid circulates.
- the phase change material 10 or MCP is for example water, glycol, a saline solution or paraffin.
- the phase change material 10 may consist of n-hexadecane, eicosane or a lithium salt, all of which have melting points below 50°C.
- the phase change material 10 can be based on a fatty acid or a eutectic or hydrated salt, or even fatty alcohols, for example.
- Such a material is a thermal storage means used to accumulate thermal energy (calories or cold temperatures) by latent heat (phase change) or by sensible heat.
- Such a material 10 can in particular be charged with calories or cold during a first phase of operation, and be discharged either by heating or cooling the cells 2, or through the fluid circulating in the pipes 3, in a second phase of operation. .
- the pipes 3 in which the fluid flows can be used to cool the cells 2 and the phase change material 10 can make it possible to store the calories when the heat dissipation of the cells 2 is too great.
- FIG. 10 illustrates a sixth embodiment, which differs from that described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 in that the device 1 comprises phase change material 10 of the aforementioned type, in the spaces located between the pipes support 4a and cells 2.
- FIG. 11 illustrates a seventh embodiment, which differs from that described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 in that device 1 comprises a layer of phase-change material 10 of the aforementioned type, located between the second ends 5 of the pipes 3 and the cells 2.
- the pipes 3 can be used to discharge the calories stored in the phase change material for example.
- Figure 12 illustrates an eighth embodiment in which the conduits 3 extend along at least one side wall of greater area of a cell 2.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a ninth embodiment, similar to that described previously, the pipes 3 extending along the side walls of smaller area of the cells 2.
- the cells 2 are placed adjacent to each other. to the others, at the level of their larger lateral walls.
- FIG. 14 illustrates a tenth embodiment in which the cells 2 each have a cylindrical shape, the cells 2 being parallel to each other and arranged in staggered rows.
- the pipes 3 extend between the cells 2 and have curved zones matching the cylindrical shapes of the cells 2, at least in part.
- Each pipe extends for example in a plane perpendicular to the axes of the cells 2.
- the first ends 4 of the pipes 3 can be integral with certain cells 2, which then serve as a fixed support, and the second ends 5 of the pipes 3 can be adapted to come to rest on the opposite cells 2, depending on the pressure of the fluid inside the pipes 3.
- Figure 15 illustrates an eleventh embodiment in which the cells 2 are for example cylindrical and are housed in a block 11 of thermally conductive material, the pipes 3 being arranged along at least one side face 12 of said support block.
- the first ends 4 of the pipes 3 can be fixed to a support not shown in FIG. fluid inside the pipes 3.
- Figure 16 illustrates a twelfth embodiment, which differs from the embodiment illustrated in Figure 13 in that the pipes 3 are formed by pockets 3 extending for example over the entire height of the cells 2 and extending along the side faces of smaller dimensions 2a of the cells 2.
- each pocket 3 may include a wall of annular section, having a constant thickness over the entire periphery. Such a pocket 3 can be produced by extrusion for example. Such a pocket does not include any covering of material over its thickness.
- each pocket 3 may comprise a wall of annular section having an overlap zone 3a in which two thicknesses of wall are fixed in a leaktight manner to one another, for example by welding or gluing. .
- FIG. 19 illustrates a fourteenth embodiment in which the pocket 3, or more generally the pipe, comprises a reinforcement 13 extending over all or part of the pipe 3.
- the reinforcement 13 is formed by a metal or carbon reinforcement capable of forming also an electrical resistor capable of generating calories by Joules effect when a voltage is applied to said armature.
- the pocket or pipe 3 thus comprises heating means which can be used or not depending on the operating conditions.
- the reinforcement or reinforcement 13 is able to allow flexibility of the pocket or pipe 3.
- Figure 20 illustrates a fifteenth embodiment in which the pocket 3 is equipped with a reinforcement 13 in the form of a metal blade of annular section, said reinforcement 13 being sufficiently flexible to allow the deformation of the pocket 3.
- the reinforcement 13 is located at the level of the internal face of the pocket 13.
- Figure 21 illustrates a sixteenth embodiment, which differs from that described with reference to Figure 20 in that the reinforcement 13 is located at the outer face of the pocket 3.
- Figure 22 illustrates a seventeenth embodiment, which differs from that described with reference to Figure 20 in that the reinforcement 13 is integrated into the thickness of the pocket 3.
- Such a metal reinforcement 13 can also make it possible to promote heat exchange between the cells 2 and the fluid circulating in the pocket 3.
- Figure 23 illustrates an eighteenth in which the support parts 4a are formed by crosspieces.
- Each crosspiece 4a can be made of composite or metallic material.
- Each crosspiece may have a section in the general shape of an I, a U or an L.
- the composite material may comprise reinforcing fibers embedded in a polymer matrix.
- Each pocket 3 is formed, in part, by the support part 4a, and in part, by a wall or a flexible sheet 3b fixed in leaktight manner to the support part 4a at its lower and upper edges, so as to delimit an internal volume of the pocket 3 with the support part 4a.
- Figure 24 illustrates a nineteenth embodiment which differs from that set forth with reference to Figure 16 in that the pockets 3 extend along the larger surface side walls 2b of the cells 2.
- Cells 2 can be so-called “pouch” cells, each comprising an aluminum or plastic pocket for example.
- FIG. 25 illustrates another embodiment, which differs from those exposed with reference to FIGS. 1 to 15 in that at least some of the pipes 3 are connected by fluidic connection zones 3c so as to form a channel in the general shape of serpentine or baffles extending from pipe to pipe.
- the channel has an inlet 24 and an outlet 25.
- the pipes 3 are located at the level of the same face of the cell or cells 2a and can thus all be connected "in series" one after the other, by the intermediary of the connecting zones 3c.
- FIG. 26 illustrates another embodiment in which the device comprises at least one pocket 3 similar for example to the pocket of FIG. 17, but in which an internal channel 30 in the general shape of a serpentine is formed.
- the serpentine shape is an example among other shapes that the fluid circulation inside pocket 3 could take.
- the pocket 3 is for example formed of a first part 31 forming in particular a first longitudinal face 31a and a second part 32 forming in particular a second longitudinal face 32a, the two parts 31, 32 being assembled in a sealed manner one to the other. 'other.
- the longitudinal direction L is here defined as the direction of extension or of the largest dimension of the pocket 3.
- the inlet 24 and the outlet 35 are located at the level of the longitudinal faces 31a, 32a of the pocket 3 and extend perpendicular to the general median plane of the pocket 3.
- the inlet 24 and the outlet 25 are here located at opposite longitudinal ends of the pocket 3, that is to say opposite one another.
- Figure 27 illustrates another embodiment which differs from that described with reference to Figure 26 in that the inlet 24 and the outlet 25 are located at the same longitudinal face of the pocket.
- the channel may include a narrowing of its section, progressive or not, for example from the inlet to the outlet, as illustrated in this figure. Such narrowing is also applicable to the other embodiments.
- Figure 28 illustrates another embodiment which differs from that described with reference to Figure 26 in that the inlet 24 and the outlet 25 are located at the same longitudinal end of the pocket 3.
- Figure 29 illustrates another embodiment which differs from that described with reference to Figure 27 in that the inlet 24 and the outlet 25 are located at two opposite longitudinal ends of the pocket 3.
- FIG. 30 illustrates another embodiment which differs from that described with reference to FIG. 25 in that at least one pipe 3 is provided with means for generating turbulence in the flow of fluid passing through the pipes 3.
- These means turbulence generation are for example formed by areas of material or corrugations 33, for example in the shape of a chevron. It is also possible to form these turbulence generating means by means of inserts separate from the pipes 3 and fixed to or inserted into the relevant pipe 3.
- These means can be formed or molded on the walls or the faces 31a, 32a of the pipe 3, or be formed by separate parts fixed to said walls or faces 31a, 32a of the pipe 3.
- These means can also be formed on a surface against which the pipe 3 is pressed when the pipe is subjected to a fluid under pressure, for example one face of the cells 2a or of the support 4a.
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- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2014072A FR3118316B1 (fr) | 2020-12-23 | 2020-12-23 | Dispositif de régulation thermique |
| PCT/FR2021/052390 WO2022136781A1 (fr) | 2020-12-23 | 2021-12-17 | Dispositif de régulation thermique |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4268311A1 true EP4268311A1 (fr) | 2023-11-01 |
Family
ID=74669111
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21854929.3A Pending EP4268311A1 (fr) | 2020-12-23 | 2021-12-17 | Dispositif de régulation thermique |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20240044584A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4268311A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN116802888A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3118316B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2022136781A1 (fr) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3154860A1 (fr) * | 2023-10-31 | 2025-05-02 | Hutchinson | Dispositif de refroidissement pour une batterie électrique |
| FR3164840A1 (fr) * | 2024-07-22 | 2026-01-23 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Espaceur de cellules de batterie d’un bloc batterie |
| DE102024126366A1 (de) * | 2024-09-12 | 2026-03-12 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Wärmetauscheinrichtung für Batteriezellen eines Hochvoltspeichers |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8684274B2 (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2014-04-01 | Kambix Innovations, Llc | Cooling enhancements in thin films using flexible complex seal due to temperature increase or thermal load increase |
| US8215377B1 (en) * | 2009-05-06 | 2012-07-10 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Heat transfer device with flexible cooling layer |
| DE102013200790A1 (de) * | 2013-01-18 | 2014-07-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Kühlsystem mit einem kühlmitteldurchströmten Kühlkörper zur Kühlung einer Batterie |
| FR3010834B1 (fr) * | 2013-09-18 | 2017-01-27 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Dispositif de regulation thermique d'un pack-batterie |
| WO2015064572A1 (fr) * | 2013-10-28 | 2015-05-07 | 日本発條株式会社 | Structure de pressage et unité de pressage |
| FR3019688B1 (fr) * | 2014-04-03 | 2016-05-06 | Renault Sa | "batterie de vehicule automobile equipee d'une conduite de fluide caloporteur separee des elements de batterie par une cloison souple" |
| DE102014106941A1 (de) * | 2014-05-16 | 2015-11-19 | Valeo Klimasysteme Gmbh | Kühlvorrichtung für ein Batteriepaket |
| US10203043B2 (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2019-02-12 | Ge-Hitachi Nuclear Energy Americas Llc | Systems and methods for high-reliability valve opening |
| DE102016004805B4 (de) * | 2016-04-21 | 2019-05-16 | Audi Ag | Crashanordnung |
| FR3054730B1 (fr) * | 2016-07-26 | 2021-05-14 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Dispositif de regulation thermique pour une batterie d'un vehicule par contact indirect |
| US10591221B1 (en) * | 2017-04-04 | 2020-03-17 | Mainstream Engineering Corporation | Advanced cooling system using throttled internal cooling passage flow for a window assembly, and methods of fabrication and use thereof |
| DE102017215538A1 (de) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-03-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Batteriezelle, Batteriemodul und Verwendung eines solchen Batteriemoduls |
| FR3071958B1 (fr) * | 2017-10-04 | 2021-08-20 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Dispositif de regulation thermique d'un pack batterie |
| FR3071959B1 (fr) * | 2017-10-04 | 2021-02-19 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Boitier de protection d'un pack batterie integrant des canaux de circulation d'un fluide caloporteur |
| WO2019171593A1 (fr) * | 2018-03-09 | 2019-09-12 | 株式会社フジキン | Dispositif de soupape |
| FR3087946B1 (fr) * | 2018-10-31 | 2022-01-28 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Module de stockage d’energie electrique |
| EP4015968B1 (fr) * | 2020-12-18 | 2024-09-25 | Accelsius, LLC | Systèmes de refroidissement et échangeurs de chaleur |
-
2020
- 2020-12-23 FR FR2014072A patent/FR3118316B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-12-17 US US18/269,448 patent/US20240044584A1/en active Pending
- 2021-12-17 WO PCT/FR2021/052390 patent/WO2022136781A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2021-12-17 EP EP21854929.3A patent/EP4268311A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-12-17 CN CN202180091631.7A patent/CN116802888A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3118316A1 (fr) | 2022-06-24 |
| US20240044584A1 (en) | 2024-02-08 |
| WO2022136781A1 (fr) | 2022-06-30 |
| CN116802888A (zh) | 2023-09-22 |
| FR3118316B1 (fr) | 2023-03-24 |
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