EP4267368A1 - Technologie d'évacuation pour filtres à plastique - Google Patents

Technologie d'évacuation pour filtres à plastique

Info

Publication number
EP4267368A1
EP4267368A1 EP21835591.5A EP21835591A EP4267368A1 EP 4267368 A1 EP4267368 A1 EP 4267368A1 EP 21835591 A EP21835591 A EP 21835591A EP 4267368 A1 EP4267368 A1 EP 4267368A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
discharge
filter
pressure
discharge device
head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21835591.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Roderich Ettlinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ettlinger Kunststoffmaschinen GmbH
Original Assignee
Ettlinger Kunststoffmaschinen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ettlinger Kunststoffmaschinen GmbH filed Critical Ettlinger Kunststoffmaschinen GmbH
Publication of EP4267368A1 publication Critical patent/EP4267368A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/69—Filters or screens for the moulding material
    • B29C48/694—Cylindrical or conical filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/06—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation with rotary cylindrical filtering surfaces, e.g. hollow drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D33/00—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation
    • B01D33/70—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation having feed or discharge devices
    • B01D33/74—Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation having feed or discharge devices for discharging filtrate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/27—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination
    • B29C48/2725—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination of filters
    • B29C48/2735—Cleaning; Purging; Avoiding contamination of filters using scrapers

Definitions

  • the invention lies in the field of filter devices and discharge devices for filter devices according to the preambles of the independent claims.
  • Filter devices are used in the processing of plastics in order to increase the purity of the processed plastic and to separate impurities from a starting material. Especially when recycled plastics are reused, filter devices are used to separate contaminants from plastic waste.
  • plastics are melted or plasticized, for example, in an extruder for further processing.
  • the material melt can be further processed in different processes.
  • the filter device can, for example, be used after an extruder.
  • Filter devices for filtering contaminated polymer melts are known.
  • a material melt within the meaning of this disclosure preferably designates a plastic melt or polymer melt.
  • Such material melts usually have a melting temperature above 100 °C and are processed hot.
  • the material melt can also be another pasty mass, regardless of the material and/or the melting temperature.
  • the invention is also suitable for pasty masses other than plastic melts.
  • the melting point of the material melt can also be close to or below the usual ambient temperature of about 20 °C, so the material melt would colloquially be called cold or just warm.
  • the material melt can in particular consist of a pasty mass the food sector, cosmetics, everyday consumer goods or pharmaceuticals.
  • the starting material preferably consists of a material melt of the desired basic plastic (e.g. PE, PP, PS, PA or PET) and additional substances with which the starting material is contaminated.
  • the degree of contamination of the starting material can vary and can be 1% to 20% of the mass, for example.
  • a filter with a filter sieve is used to filter the starting material, through which the melted material is pressed. Impurities settle on the filter surface.
  • the filter screen is designed in such a way that if possible only the pure plastic melt penetrates the filter screen.
  • the material separated by the filter collects in the filter chamber.
  • the excreted material In order to prevent the filter from becoming clogged, the excreted material must be discharged, with different discharge techniques being known.
  • the discharge of the separated material from the filter chamber can be done continuously (e.g. by removing it) or at intervals (e.g. by regular rinsing or changing the filter screen).
  • the continuous removal of the separated material is particularly advantageous for uninterrupted operation of the filter.
  • rotating filters e.g. drum filters or disc filters
  • the separated material can be continuously removed from the rotating filter surface, e.g. by a scraper, and removed from the filter chamber.
  • Both standing and moving (e.g. rotating) scrapers, which are moved relative to the filter surface, are known for removing the separated material.
  • the starting material is often fed in from the outside, i.e. radially, and pressed through a cylindrical filter into its interior. The contaminants separated by the filter remain on the outside of the filter.
  • Disc filters are also known in which the starting material is pressed in the axial direction through a rotating disc filter.
  • discharge screws are used in both documents, which carry the material mixture removed directly into the environment, where the material running out can be collected in a continuous stream.
  • the viscosity of the material melt can vary.
  • the processing relatively thinner Material melts ie melts with a low viscosity in SI units (eg Pa s) or a high viscosity number in MFI, eg when processing PA or PET plastics, represent a particular challenge for the construction of suitable filter devices.
  • Processability of the plastics depends, among other things, on the viscosity, ie the toughness, of the material melt.
  • the conveying pressure in the filter device or the feed pressure of an upstream extruder can be significantly lower in the case of low-viscosity material melts (eg PA or PET) than in the case of viscous material melts.
  • the ability to be conveyed by means of friction-dependent conveyors such as screws depends heavily on the internal and external friction of the materials being conveyed, which is expressed in their viscosity.
  • the opening at the end of the screw allows air to penetrate into the filter chamber, which can lead to undesirable reactions.
  • the material is discharged without metering.
  • Other dosing discharge devices are unsuitable for low-viscosity material melts because of the low pressure.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved technique for filtering material melts and removing separated material from the filter space.
  • the present invention is particularly suitable for filtering low-viscosity material melts, such as PA and PET.
  • the pressure in the filter chamber is significantly lower with low-viscosity material melts than with viscous material melts.
  • the pressure in the filter room is below Among other things, from the feed pressure of the feeding machine, for example an upstream extruder. The thinner the melted material is, the less conveying pressure is built up by friction-dependent conveying equipment such as screws in the extruder.
  • the pressure in the filter room when filtering PA or PET can be a relatively low 10 to 20 bar, for example.
  • a particular advantage of the present invention is its compatibility with widely applicable and/or inexpensive extruders for filtering contaminated material melts.
  • the internal pressure of the filter can be too low under certain process conditions to ensure reliable discharge of the filter deposits.
  • a particularly advantageous aspect of the invention lies in the combination of a portioning discharge head with an upstream pressure screw conveyor of the discharge device.
  • the discharge device according to the invention is designed to discharge separated material from a filter chamber of a filter device.
  • the filter device serves to separate impurities from the material melt.
  • the material melt is fed to the filter chamber of the filter device via a material supply under pressure.
  • the supplied molten material is pressed under pressure through a filter sieve of the filter.
  • Impurities are deposited on the surface of the filter screen due to their material properties. The impurities should be removed from the filter room as quickly as possible.
  • the separated material usually a mixture of separated impurities and pure material, is discharged from the filter chamber with the discharge device.
  • the excreted material has a tough, mushy consistency.
  • the discharge device includes a discharge shaft with a pressure screw conveyor and a discharge head.
  • the discharge head is advantageously arranged on the discharge shaft with the pressure screw conveyor.
  • the discharge head of the discharge device is preferably arranged in the conveying direction at the end of the pressure conveyor screw, so that the pressure conveyor screw conveys material from the filter chamber in the direction of the discharge head, thereby increasing the pressure.
  • the material collected in the filter chamber is conveyed by the pressure screw conveyor in the direction of the discharge head.
  • the pressure screw conveyor is connected between the filter room and the discharge head. If required, one or more further components, eg line sections or deflections, can be arranged between the pressure screw conveyor and the discharge head. In the preferred In this embodiment, the discharge head sits directly on the shaft of the pressure screw conveyor.
  • the discharge head preferably comprises one or more discharge plungers.
  • the discharge pistons are slidably mounted in the discharge head and have an axial stroke within the discharge head. By moving the discharge piston in the discharge head, separated material can be picked up on one side of the discharge head and discharged through an opening after a partial revolution.
  • the discharge head is preferably designed to produce a portioned, i.e. dosed, discharge.
  • a predetermined volume is discharged per revolution. For example, with one revolution of the discharge shaft, each discharge piston can complete a double stroke and, with two discharge pistons, four times the stroke volume per revolution can be discharged from the filter device.
  • a particular advantage of the discharge head lies in the portioned, ie controllable discharge of material from the filter chamber that can be sealed off from the environment.
  • the pressure present in the filter chamber is not sufficient to actuate the discharge head, in particular the discharge piston.
  • the discharge device disclosed here combines a pressure screw conveyor on the discharge shaft with a portioning discharge head. With the pressure screw conveyor, the conveying pressure applied to the discharge head can be increased sufficiently to ensure portioned discharge from the discharge head.
  • the pressure conveying properties of the pressure conveying screw can be designed by suitably designing the screw, in particular the pitch and the volume flow conveyed in the screw.
  • the discharge head in particular with a discharge housing, forms a storage volume at the end of the pressure screw conveyor.
  • the discharge device is designed to convey separated material into the storage volume of the discharge head and thereby to increase the pressure of the material to be discharged at the discharge head compared to the filter chamber.
  • the pressure within the delivery space is preferably increased from 10 to 20 bar to a discharge pressure of 40 to 50 bar.
  • the present invention can be designed both as a separate discharge device, for example for retrofitting or converting a filter device, or as a complete filter device with such a discharge device.
  • the discharge device is particularly suitable for use in a filter device with a filter, in particular a rotating drum filter or disc filter, and a scraper. With the scraper, the separated material is preferably scraped off the surface of the rotating filter screen and collected on the scraper.
  • the pressure conveyor screw of the discharge device is preferably arranged in the area of the scraper, so that the scraped-off material is fed to the pressure conveyor screw and removed by it.
  • the filter device for separating impurities from a material melt comprises a housing, a filter and a filter space on the surface of the filter, as well as a discharge device.
  • the discharge device with the discharge shaft, the pressure screw conveyor and the discharge head is arranged on the filter of the filter device in such a way that a Material flow from the filter chamber into the conveying chamber of the pressure screw conveyor is possible.
  • the discharge device, in particular the pressure screw conveyor is preferably arranged on the outside of a drum filter in a wall of the housing of the filter device. This arrangement enables the separated material to be reliably discharged from the filter chamber and the components to be easily exchanged for maintenance purposes.
  • Figure 1 a longitudinal section through a filter device (20) with a
  • Figure 2 a cross section of the filter device (20) along the section line A-A;
  • Figure 3 a cross section through the discharge device at the level of
  • FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of a filter device (20).
  • the filter device (20) comprises a housing (21), a filter (30) with a filter shaft (31) and a discharge device (10).
  • the filter (30) is preferably designed as a rotating drum filter.
  • the filter space (27) is formed on the surface of the filter (30) within the housing (21) of the filter device.
  • the typical material flow for filtering the material melt can be seen in FIGS.
  • the starting material is conveyed under pressure into the filter chamber (27) by a material feed (25).
  • the material is preferably supplied from the outside, for example via a radial supply through the housing (21).
  • the supplied material is distributed in the filter chamber (27) on the surface of the filter (30).
  • the filter (30) preferably comprises a permeable filter screen (32) which sits on a rotating filter shaft (31).
  • the material melt is pressed through the filter screen (32) under pressure, with impurities in the material remaining on the surface of the filter screen in the filter chamber (27) due to their material properties.
  • the filtered material penetrates the filter screen (32) and flows in the direction of the material outlet (26).
  • the filtered material is discharged through the filter shaft (31).
  • the filter shaft (31) comprises suitable channels between the contact surface of the filter screen (32) and the internal material discharge (26).
  • the material flow (28) of the filtered material, starting from the material supply (25) via arrows towards the material discharge (26), is indicated in FIG.
  • the substances separated from the starting material collect on the surface of the filter screen (32).
  • the rotation of the filter shaft (31) and the filter screen (32) conveys the separated material in the direction of the discharge device (10) and the scraper (22).
  • the scraper (22) presses on the surface of the filter screen (32).
  • the scraper (22) is arranged like a scraper on the surface of the filter screen (32). Due to the rotation of the filter shaft (31), the material adhering to the surface of the filter screen (32) is removed by the scraper (22).
  • the discharge device (10) is arranged in the area of the scraper (22) on the filter chamber (27), so that the scraped-off material is picked up and conveyed away by the pressure screw conveyor (12).
  • the pressure screw conveyor (12) of the discharge device (10) is preferably formed by a circumferential helix on the surface of the discharge shaft (11). By rotating the discharge shaft (11) and the screw formed thereon, the material is conveyed in the axial direction of the discharge axis (A) from the filter chamber (27) in the direction of the discharge head (13).
  • the discharge head (13) is preferably arranged in a discharge housing (14).
  • the discharge housing (14) can be designed both as part of the housing (21) of the filter device and as a separate discharge housing (14).
  • the separate design of the discharge housing (14) is particularly advantageous for the maintainability and the replacement of parts of the discharge device (10).
  • the discharge housing (14) is preferably fastened tightly to the housing and/or a cover of the housing (21) of the filter device.
  • the discharge head (13) is preferably mounted in the discharge housing (14) such that it can slide and is sealed against the ambient air.
  • the discharge unit (10) forms a storage volume (18) in the area of the discharge head (13).
  • the separated material is conveyed into the accumulation volume (18) by the pressure screw conveyor (12).
  • the pressure is increased to a sufficient level to overcome the static friction of the discharge piston (16) in the discharge head (13).
  • the movement of the discharge piston for metered material discharge can only be ensured by increasing the dynamic pressure at the discharge head (13).
  • FIG. 3 shows the lifting movement of the discharge piston (16) in a cross section of the discharge head (13).
  • one or more discharge pistons (16) can be provided.
  • the discharge head takes up a stroke volume (H) from the storage volume (18), conveys this over a partial revolution in the direction of a discharge opening (17) and pushes the volume through an opposite one Hub through the discharge opening (17) to the environment.
  • the discharge opening (17) and the storage volume (18) are advantageously arranged opposite one another or slightly offset from one another, so that the dynamic pressure in the storage volume (18) ensures that the dirt cake is ejected through the discharge opening (17).
  • material is taken up from the storage volume (18) and a corresponding volume is discharged through the discharge opening (17) on the opposite side.
  • the bores in the discharge head (13) and the discharge housing (14) are preferably designed in such a way that the discharge piston (16) is held in the discharge head (13) with a positive fit and cannot exit through the discharge opening (17).
  • the discharge housing (14) preferably includes a cover (15).
  • the discharge housing (14) can advantageously include an overflow channel on the bearing surface of the discharge head (13) in the discharge housing (14). Leakage material can flow off through the overflow channel.
  • the discharge device (10) has a modular structure.
  • the discharge device (10) preferably comprises a modular connection interface (19) between the pressure screw conveyor (12) and the discharge head (13).
  • the discharge head (13) is preferably releasably attached to the discharge shaft (11).
  • different pressure screw conveyors (12) and discharge heads (13) can be combined with one another.
  • the different embodiments of the pressure screw conveyor (12) and the discharge head (13) have a uniform connection interface (19) for this purpose. In this way, for example, different discharge volumes and pressure gradients can be achieved by selecting and combining different pressure screw conveyors and discharge heads.
  • the discharge head (13) is preferably arranged detachably on the discharge shaft (11).
  • the discharge shaft can also be made in one piece with the pressure conveyor screw (12) and the discharge head (13).
  • a particular advantage of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 lies in the separation of the filter shaft (31) and the discharge shaft (11).
  • the discharge shaft (11) is preferably parallel and offset radially to the filter shaft (31). With the separate discharge shaft (11), the material discharge through the discharge device (10) can be controlled separately from the rotational speed of the filter (30) and its filter shaft (31).
  • a rotating filter (30), in particular a drum filter, with a discharge device (10) with a discharge shaft (11) is particularly advantageous for a precisely controllable filter process.
  • the discharge device (10) is preferably arranged on the outside of a drum filter that is acted upon from the outside.
  • the combination of the discharge device (10) with a filter device with a static scraper (22) on a rotating filter screen (32) is particularly advantageous.
  • the discharge device (10) according to the invention and the filter device (20) even polymer melts that are difficult to filter, in particular PA or PET, can be filtered reliably and in a precisely controllable manner.
  • the discharge device (10) disclosed here has the advantage that the continuously discharged pressure screw conveyor (12) delivers against a storage volume (18) which is formed by the discharge head (13), the discharge housing (14) and the discharge piston (16). is sealed from the ambient air.
  • discharge device (10) Another particular advantage of the discharge device (10) disclosed here lies in the separation of the stripping function and the discharge function.
  • the scraper (22) in contact with the rotating filter screen (32) is subject to particular mechanical loads.
  • a static wiper that is easy to position and replace is particularly advantageous here.
  • the discharge device (10) and the scraper (22) can be adjusted and serviced separately and/or together.
  • the scraper (22) preferably extends over the entire axial length of the filter screen (32).
  • the scraper (22) separates the filter space (27) in the tangential direction of flow of the material along the surface of the filter screen (32) at approximately three quarters of the circumference, starting from the material feed. In this way, the material separated on the filter surface is collected along a large part of the filter rotation and reliably discharged by the discharge device (10).
  • the filter sieve is behind the scraper (22) in the direction of rotation (32) again free of deposited substances when the material supply (25) is reached.
  • the features and embodiments of the discharge device (10) and filter device (20) shown and/or described can be used individually or in combination with one another. In particular, the invention is not limited to the embodiment shown. Individual features can be added, omitted or replaced with the other features disclosed here.
  • the invention is preferably designed as a filter device with the discharge device according to one of the claims. However, the discharge device can also be used as a separate assembly, for example for retrofitting or converting a filter device. Therefore, both a discharge device and a filter device are claimed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'évacuation pour un dispositif de filtration destiné à séparer des impuretés d'une matière fondue, en particulier d'une matière fondue de polymère de faible viscosité. Le dispositif d'évacuation comprend un arbre d'évacuation avec une vis transporteuse sous pression et une tête d'évacuation. L'invention divulgue également un dispositif de filtration ayant un filtre à tambour cylindrique, un racleur et un tel dispositif d'évacuation.
EP21835591.5A 2020-12-23 2021-12-01 Technologie d'évacuation pour filtres à plastique Pending EP4267368A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202020107526.8U DE202020107526U1 (de) 2020-12-23 2020-12-23 Austragtechnik für Kunststofffilter
PCT/EP2021/083748 WO2022135855A1 (fr) 2020-12-23 2021-12-01 Technologie d'évacuation pour filtres à plastique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4267368A1 true EP4267368A1 (fr) 2023-11-01

Family

ID=79185915

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21835591.5A Pending EP4267368A1 (fr) 2020-12-23 2021-12-01 Technologie d'évacuation pour filtres à plastique

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20240051211A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4267368A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN116635205A (fr)
DE (1) DE202020107526U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022135855A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114797205B (zh) * 2022-04-20 2023-07-07 烟台东洁环保机械工程有限公司 一种可预除渣的污水处理设备及使用方法
DE102023102233A1 (de) * 2023-01-31 2024-08-01 Nordson Corporation Filtervorrichtung zum Abscheiden von Verunreinigungen aus einer Polymerschmelze

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2837633A1 (de) * 1978-08-29 1980-03-06 Wilhelm Haeberle Trennvorrichtung
TW287981B (fr) 1993-02-04 1996-10-11 Bacher Helmut
DE20210115U1 (de) 2002-06-29 2003-11-20 Ettlinger Kunststoffmaschinen GmbH, 86343 Königsbrunn Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Filtern von Materialgemischen
AT413497B (de) 2004-10-25 2006-03-15 Erema Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen filtern von fliessfähigen massen, die feststoffteilchen enthalten
AT503788B1 (de) * 2006-09-13 2008-01-15 Schulz Helmuth Ing Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen filtern von verunreinigungen aus einer strömungsfähigen masse
DE102010055167A1 (de) * 2010-12-18 2012-06-21 Ettlinger Kunststoffmaschinen Gmbh Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Filtern von Materialgemischen
DE202016103608U1 (de) 2016-07-06 2016-08-22 Nordson Corporation Filtervorrichtung und Reinigungseinrichtung zum Entfernen von Schmutzpartikeln von einem Filterelement einer Filtervorrichtung Filtervorrichtung und Reinigungseinrichtung zum Entfernen von Schmutzpartikeln von einem Filterelement einer Filtervorrichtung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2022135855A1 (fr) 2022-06-30
US20240051211A1 (en) 2024-02-15
CN116635205A (zh) 2023-08-22
DE202020107526U1 (de) 2022-03-29

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