Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
  • F16B31/00—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts
  • F16B31/02—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts for indicating the attainment of a particular tensile load or limiting tensile load
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04Q—SELECTING
  • H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
  • F16B31/00—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts
  • F16B31/02—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts for indicating the attainment of a particular tensile load or limiting tensile load
  • F16B2031/022—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts for indicating the attainment of a particular tensile load or limiting tensile load using an ultrasonic transducer
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
  • F16B2200/00—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass
  • F16B2200/95—Constructional details of connections not covered for in other groups of this subclass with markings, colours, indicators or the like
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
  • F16B31/00—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts
  • F16B31/02—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts for indicating the attainment of a particular tensile load or limiting tensile load
  • F16B31/028—Screwed connections specially modified in view of tensile load; Break-bolts for indicating the attainment of a particular tensile load or limiting tensile load with a load-indicating washer or washer assembly
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
  • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • G07C3/00—Registering or indicating the condition or the working of machines or other apparatus, other than vehicles

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for operating a monitoring system of a fastening device and a corresponding monitoring system.
• DE 10 2019 211 867 discloses a measuring device for a fastening device, comprising a sensor unit which is designed to detect at least one fastening variable, further comprising an interface which is connected to the sensor unit and is designed to provide an external readout device with at least to provide a mounting size.
• the invention relates to a method for operating a monitoring system of at least one fastening device, an identifier assigned to the fastening device and a fastening property assigned to the fastening device being provided to a computer device of the monitoring system. It is proposed that a digital twin of the fastening device be kept, in particular created, by means of the computer device by linking the identifier and the fastening property and maintained, with the fastening device being monitored, in particular with regard to status information, by evaluating the digital twin.
• the method can be implemented in the form of software or in a mixture of software and hardware.
• the method can represent a computer-implemented method, which is carried out at least in part by means of the computing device.
• the computer device can have at least one processor device and also at least one memory device in which the method is stored as a computer program.
• the monitoring system of the fastening device is to be understood as meaning a system which comprises a fastening device marked with an identifier, in particular a unique identifier, and a computer device.
• the computer device is set up at least to provide a digital twin of the fastening device and to carry out evaluations of the digital twin.
• the computer device can also basically be divided into two or more computer device components, with a first computer device component holding the digital twin, for example, while the second computer device component carries out the evaluations.
• parts of the digital twin are transferred from the first computer device component to the second computer device component in order to carry out an evaluation, in particular temporarily.
• the fastener is a fastener used in construction, such as an anchor, dowel, screw, bolt, or the like.
• An anchor is to be understood, for example, as a component or an arrangement of components for a secure connection or anchoring.
• the mounting device is intended for installation in a mounting environment, such as a wall, masonry, ceiling or the like.
• the installation is typically Specifically, by means of non-positive and/or form-fitting and/or cohesive anchoring or connection of the fastening device in the fastening area, for example by gluing it into a drilled hole made in the fastening area. Through the installation, the fastening device is brought into a state arranged on the fastening environment. It should be noted that such fastening devices are known in principle to those skilled in the art.
• An identifier in particular a unique identifier, can be assigned or assigned to the fastening device.
• An identifier is to be understood as a feature for, in particular unambiguous, identification of the fastening device.
• the identifier of each fastener included in the surveillance system is unique within the surveillance system.
• the identifier can include, for example, a number or a code of alphanumeric characters. Further embodiments of the indicator are conceivable and familiar to a person skilled in the art.
• the identifier can also be applied to the fastening device, for example in the form of text, a number, a barcode, a QR code or the like. The identifier is thus accessible to a user of the monitoring system, for example a craftsman, directly by reading it or reading it digitally.
• the fastening property represents a characteristic feature or a characteristic variable or information for the corresponding fastening device (identifiable via the identifier) - at least at a defined point in time during installation and/or during the arranged state.
• the fastening property here includes in particular a technical, in particular physical, chemical and/or material-related property of the fastening device or relating to the fastening device.
• other information is also conceivable, which provides an interpretation with regard to a technical, in particular physical, chemical and/or material-related property of the fastening device or relating to the fastening device (e.g.
• the fastening property is selected from a list of properties that includes: properties relating to the fastening device, for example o a quality of the fastening device (such as certifications) o a type of fastening device o a maintenance or inspection or Repair interval (in the following, maintenance is understood to mean maintenance as well as inspection and repair) of the fastening device o a material of the fastening device o a design or configuration of the fastening device o a technical specification of the fastening device, e.g. tensile strength, breaking strength, etc.
• properties relating to the fastening device for example o a quality of the fastening device (such as certifications) o a type of fastening device o a maintenance or inspection or Repair interval (in the following, maintenance is understood to mean maintenance as well as inspection and repair) of the fastening device o a material of the fastening device o a design or configuration of the fastening device o a technical specification of the fastening device,
• properties relating to the fastening environment for example o a material and a condition of the fastening environment o information on an object arranged on the fastening environment by means of the fastening device the installa Properties relating to the fastening device, for example o a type and/or ID of a tool that is/was used during installation of the fastening device o a type and/or ID of a fastening accessory that is/was used during installation of the fastening device o a Force profile and/or moment profile and/or vibration profile that is/was recorded during installation of the fastening device, in particular during borehole drilling for installation and/or during fastening (setting) of the fastening device o a hole depth, a hole diameter, a quality of cleaning of the hole o a position and/or pose of the fastening device after installation, properties relating to maintenance (or inspection or repair) of the fastening device, for example o a time of the last maintenance, o maintenance measures carried out, properties relating to measured values recorded
• a combination of these fastening properties could consist, for example, of the sum of those properties mentioned above which are relevant in the case of an installation of a fastening device - for example in the case of an anchor, properties relating to the fastening device, properties relating to the fastening environment and properties relating to the installation of the fastening device.
• “Installation” means the act of placing the fastener on or in the fastener environment, such as masonry.
• the term “during installation” also includes activities that prepare for and/or follow up on the setting. Such preparatory and/or post-processing activities can be, for example, the preparatory mixing of a binder, the drilling of a borehole or the curing of the binder.
• the period of time to be understood as “during installation” essentially includes all activities that are directly related to the installation (setting) of the fastening device at the work site (e.g. on the construction site).
• the identifier assigned to the fastening device and the at least one fastening property assigned to the fastening device provided to the computing device of the surveillance system is to be understood in particular as meaning that the corresponding quantities—in the form of data—are handed over to the computer device or are sent via signals.
• the corresponding variables can be provided by reading in from a file in the computer device.
• the quantities can be provided using a signal transmission to the computing device.
• the identifier and the attachment property are captured during installation and then provided to the computing device.
• the identifier and the attachment property are detected during a state of the attachment device arranged in the attachment environment and are then provided to the computing device. It should be noted that the provision can take place independently of the time (in particular later) of the detection of the identifier and the attachment property.
• the identifier and the attachment property are repeatedly, in particular continuously, recorded and provided to the computing device. In this way, a close-meshed monitoring, a so-called “monitoring”, of the fastening device (including the fastening environment) can be implemented in evaluations that are also carried out repeatedly up to and including permanently.
• a digital twin is understood to be a digital, virtual model that is assigned to the fastening device and contains at least the fastening property provided to the computing device.
• the digital twin also includes models, assumptions and/or simulations relating to the fastening device represented.
• the identifier serves as an identifier for that data set that is uniquely assigned to the fastening device that carries the identifier. In this way, in the digital twin, the identifier and fastening properties of a fastening direction (including attachment environment) linked together.
• the computer device is set up to create and update the digital twin belonging to a fastening device, ie to keep and maintain it.
• the fastening device is monitored by evaluating the digital twin using the computer device.
• “Monitor” means that status information relating to the fastening device (including the fastening environment) is determined, the status information allowing a statement on the status, for example wear, maintenance requirements, replacement requirements, force distribution or the like. It should be noted that the status information is not necessarily static information, but can also relate to a time-dependent profile, for example a trend, a development, a forecast or the like.
• the determination of the status information by evaluation makes it possible to increase machine, process and/or operator efficiency during installation and/or maintenance of the fastening device(s) as part of the monitoring of the fastening device(s), for example by means of an early indication of Problems, errors, necessary activities (such as maintenance) and the associated ability to plan activities in connection with the installation and/or maintenance of the fastening device(s).
• the status information derived by evaluation is defined or selected in such a way that it relates to at least one of the following aspects: a status, in particular an operating or usage status, of the fastening device, for example a load distribution on the fastening device, a degree of wear or tear a condition of the mounting environment, such as a humidity or temperature of the mounting environment
• Abnormalities that indicate a defect in the fastening device and/or the fastening area for example material fractures or cracks in the masonry or combinations of those.
• the method according to the invention makes it possible to implement a holistic approach for monitoring the fastening device(s), which, in addition to fastening properties of the fastening device, fastening properties of the fastening environment and fastening properties of the tools used for installation, also evaluated or interpreted fastening properties (such as time-dependent changes over a life cycle of a fastening device ) taken into account in an evaluation.
• monitoring the installation and operation (ie the use) of the fastening device - including maintenance and inspection - can be expanded to include regular function monitoring and an early warning function.
• Significantly improved safety during operation of the fastening device and significantly improved efficiency during installation and operation can thus be achieved.
• the following advantages can be achieved by the method according to the invention: Faster detection and provision of fastening properties Improved efficiency in the planning, installation and/or maintenance of fastening devices and/or optimized maintenance cycles Significant acceleration in monitoring, especially in the evaluation of the fastening properties provided, including automated documentation Complete testing of the fastening properties, in particular of measured values , instead of a high safety margin and random sample measurements improved data evaluation, for example by linking different fastening properties, possibly also different fastening devices, in the digital twin of the monitoring system derivation of specific outputs and instructions with target group-specific processing, in particular depending on local regulations and preferences of the respective users increased safety and calm state of mind
• the evaluation of the digital twin is carried out using a machine learning system, the machine learning system being set up to carry out the evaluation based on the at least one fastening property provided, ie in particular status information based on the at least one fastening property provided evaluate.
• the machine learning system is to be understood in particular as a technical realization of a self-learning system that learns from given examples - the so-called training data - and can generalize the learned behavior after the end of the learning phase by using patterns and Identifies regularities in the training data and makes them accessible.
• Such machine learning systems are known in principle, for example from DE 10 2005 050577 A1.
• the monitoring system in conjunction with the monitoring method makes it possible to functionalize an at least partially autonomous monitoring system including the method. In particular, this makes it possible to integrate (or couple with) the monitoring system into a “Smart Building System” or a “Building Information Model” in which digital twins of entire buildings, the infrastructure, tools, workpieces and even to the digital twin of the fastening device.
• the fastening device has a sensor device, in particular an energy-autonomous one, which is designed to record at least one fastening property in the form of measured values, the fastening device having an interface which is connected to the sensor device in terms of signals and is designed to have a external readout device, in particular the computer device, which provide at least one attachment property, the external Readout device is designed to receive at least the attachment property of the interface of the sensor device.
• Such an in particular energy-autonomous fastening device which is designed to record at least one fastening property in the form of measured values and has an interface which is connected to the sensor device in terms of signals and is designed to provide an external read-out device with the at least one fastening property is a Known to those skilled in the art from the prior art, for example from DE 10 2019 211 867.
• the sensor device can have one or more sensor elements for detecting the fastening variables.
• the sensor elements can be designed as passive sensor elements or active sensor elements.
• An active sensor element is to be understood in particular as meaning a sensor which is designed in such a way that an electrical signal can be generated externally without electrical energy.
• the active sensor element can be designed, for example, as a thermocouple, as a light sensor, as a photovoltaic cell or as a pressure sensor, in particular as a piezoelectric pressure sensor.
• the active sensor element can be designed, for example, as a piezoelectric or an electrodynamic sensor element.
• the active sensor element is designed to generate a mechanical or electromagnetic excitation, it being possible for a response to this excitation to be converted into an electrical signal by the active sensor element.
• the active sensor element requires external electrical energy to generate the excitation.
• the active sensor element can be designed, for example, as a piezoelectric layer, a sound generator, a vibration element or an electronic oscillating circuit.
• the wireless communication unit is preferably designed to be connectable to the contact element of the interface.
• An interface designed as a contact interface can advantageously be converted into a wireless interface via the connection of the wireless communication unit to the interface.
• the wireless communication unit can be in the form of an RFID tag or a SAW tag, for example.
• the external readout device also has an interface for communication, via which a signal provided by the interface of the fastening device can be received.
• the interface can be in the form of a Bluetooth, LoRaWAN, WLAN, ZigBee, NFC, Wibree or WiMAX interface, for example.
• the external readout device can be designed, for example, as a battery-operated external readout device.
• the external readout device is implemented as a tool, in particular a machine tool, for preparing and/or installing the fastening device and/or for carrying out maintenance (or inspection or maintenance) on the fastening device.
• the readout device in particular the tool, is set up to communicate with the interface of the fastening device in order to transmit a fastening property, for example in the form of measured values, and/or the identifier of the fastening device.
• This data can then be transmitted from the readout device, in particular the tool, to the computer device of the monitoring system.
• the readout device, in particular the tool can provide appropriate feedback to the user operating the readout device.
• the machine tool can, for example, be in the form of a drill, a percussion drill, a hammer drill, a screwdriver, a rotary impact wrench or the like. It is also conceivable for the external readout device to be in the form of a device specially provided for reading out the fastening device or the interface is.
• independent measuring devices ie sensor devices without specific reference to a fastening device
• the measuring devices being able to be specifically arranged in critical areas and/or areas to be monitored.
• independent measuring devices are integrated into the monitoring system in the same way as fastening devices with sensor devices and also have an identifier, in particular a unique identifier.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the monitoring system according to the invention
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the method for operating a monitoring system of a fastening device
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of an alternative or additional embodiment of the method for operating a monitoring system of a fastening device
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of an alternative or additional embodiment of the method for operating a monitoring system of a fastening device
• FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of an alternative or additional embodiment of the method for operating a monitoring system of a fastening device.
• FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a monitoring system 10 according to the invention.
• the monitoring system 10 comprises a plurality of fastening devices 100, shown here as anchors for secure anchoring in masonry as the fastening environment 102. These fastening devices 100 are installed by means of force-locking and form-fitting anchoring in the fastening environment 102 by the fastening devices 100 each being introduced into the fastening environment 102 (Not shown here) drill hole are arranged and screwed.
• Each fastening device 100 has a unique identifier 104, which is implemented here as a numerical code.
• the identifier 104 is represented in the form of a barcode 106 on each fastening device 100 .
• the monitoring system 10 also includes a computing device 200 that is set up to maintain a digital twin 202 for each of the fastening devices 100 .
• a digital twin 202 of a fastening device 100 is created by virtually linking the identifier 104 and at least one fastening property 112 relating to the fastening device 100.
• a fastening property 112 characterizes the respective fastening device 100 and its installation in the fastening environment 102.
• a respective fastening device 100 the following fastening properties 112 can be assigned in principle - and can also be determined within the framework of the monitoring system: properties relating to the fastening device 100, specifically a certification, a type, a maintenance interval and a technical specification (such as tensile strength, breaking strength) of the fastening device 100; properties related to the mounting environment 102, specifically a material and a nature of the mounting environment 102; properties relating to the installation of the fastening device 100, specifically a type and ID of a tool 300 that is/was used during the installation of the fastening device 100, a force profile that is/was recorded during the screwing of the fastening device 100, and a position 108 (e.g.
• Fastening device 100 also has an interface 114, which is connected to sensor device 110 in terms of signals and is designed to transmit the fastening property 112 to an external readout device 400 - here either a tool 300 used during installation or another computer device 500 such as a smart device 500a to provide.
• Information on certification, type, maintenance interval, technical specification and properties relating to the fastening environment 102 can be provided to the computer device 200, for example by a craftsman who installs the fastening device 100, in particular via a further computer device 500 such as a smart device 500a.
• such information can also be recorded or read in by measurement (for example via the barcode 106 on the fastening device 100) and made available to the computer device 200.
• Information about the installation of the fastening device 100 can also be manually provided by the craftsman who installs or maintains the fastening device 100, or also automated - for example via a communication interface 302 of the tool 300, which is connected or connectable to the computer device 200 - the computer device 200 are provided.
• the tool 300 can also serve as an external readout device 400 or integrate this function.
• the components of the monitoring system 10, i.e. the fastening device 100, the readout device 400, the tool 300 and the further computer device 500 are each set up to be in signal communication with the computer device 200 for data communication (providing data and/or retrieving data), such as it is represented by the radio symbol on each component.
• the respective device has at least one interface for communication.
• the computer device 200 includes a machine learning system (not shown in detail here) by means of which the evaluation of the digital twin 202 is carried out, the machine learning system being set up to carry out the evaluation based on the attachment properties 112 provided.
• the fastening device 100 is monitored, for example, by evaluating the digital twin 202 with regard to a deviation of the fastening properties 112 from a target fastening property and with regard to whether the fastening property 112 satisfies a fastening property criterion.
• output information in particular in the form of an instruction, is generated by the computer device 200 determined and provided to a further computer device 500, here for example a smart device or a tool 300, and thus output to a user of the monitoring system 100.
• the output information, in particular the instructions relates to a state, a change in a state and/or abnormalities relating to the state of fastening device 100.
• method step 1106 operating parameters such as the torque of the tool 300 are automatically adjusted in accordance with the specifications for the fastening device 100.
• method step 1108 the above-mentioned data on the fastening properties 112 relating to the fastening device 100, relating to the fastening environment 102 and relating to the tool 300 of the computer device 200 are provided.
• the latter data also include in particular a force profile and/or torque profile that was recorded by means of a measuring device 306 of the tool while the fastening device 100 was being screwed on, as well as the Position 108 of the fastener 100 obtained by adopting the position of the installation tool 300.
• users of the monitoring system 10 specifically read information relevant to them from the computer device 200 .
• This data retrieval can take place at any time—for example with another computer device 500, in particular a smart device.
• improved outputs result for the users of the monitoring system 10.
• more specific recommendations for action or options for action can be derived and output.
• outputs, in particular instructions, with specific rules and/or filters in order to take into account both legal requirements and recommendations from chambers of crafts or internal company regulations. In this way, the outputs can be tailored individually, depending on the user (installer, security officer, owner, ...) for whom the corresponding output is created.
• the fastening devices 100 need to be serviced in this way for which the fulfillment of specific criteria (for example expiry of a deadline) and/or particular abnormalities (such as a specific trend) have been identified.
• the efficiency in the monitoring of the fastening devices 100 can consequently be significantly increased.
• the maintenance has been carried out - for example including determining certain fastening properties 112 and/or retightening the fastening device 100 - the newly determined fastening properties 112 together with abnormalities and the date of the maintenance are again provided to the computer device 200, specifying the identifier 104 (method step 1308).
• the data is updated in the already existing digital twin 202 that can be assigned to the fastening device 100 using the identifier 104 .
• an updated status of the fastening devices 100 and the surrounding fastening environment 102 is known in the monitoring system 10 after the maintenance has been carried out, from which the status, trends and warnings can then be derived and measures can be taken at an early stage.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
• Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
• Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
• Testing And Monitoring For Control Systems (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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• 2020
  • 2020-12-17 DE DE102020216190.9A patent/DE102020216190A1/de active Pending
• 2021
  • 2021-11-08 CN CN202180085319.7A patent/CN116648601A/zh active Pending
  • 2021-11-08 EP EP21810935.3A patent/EP4264064A1/de active Pending
  • 2021-11-08 US US18/255,313 patent/US20240011519A1/en active Pending
  • 2021-11-08 WO PCT/EP2021/080944 patent/WO2022128257A1/de active Application Filing

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