Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B33/00—Severing cooled glass
  • C03B33/02—Cutting or splitting sheet glass or ribbons; Apparatus or machines therefor
  • C03B33/0222—Scoring using a focussed radiation beam, e.g. laser
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
  • B23K26/0006—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring taking account of the properties of the material involved
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
  • B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
  • B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
  • B23K26/062—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam
  • B23K26/0622—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam by shaping pulses
  • B23K26/0624—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam by shaping pulses using ultrashort pulses, i.e. pulses of 1ns or less
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
  • B23K26/08—Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece
  • B23K26/0823—Devices involving rotation of the workpiece
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
  • B23K26/36—Removing material
  • B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
  • B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
  • B23K26/36—Removing material
  • B23K26/40—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved
  • B23K26/402—Removing material taking account of the properties of the material involved involving non-metallic material, e.g. isolators
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
  • B23K26/50—Working by transmitting the laser beam through or within the workpiece
  • B23K26/53—Working by transmitting the laser beam through or within the workpiece for modifying or reforming the material inside the workpiece, e.g. for producing break initiation cracks
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B33/00—Severing cooled glass
  • C03B33/06—Cutting or splitting glass tubes, rods, or hollow products
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
  • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
  • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
  • B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
  • B23K2103/54—Glass

Definitions

• the invention relates to the field of the manufacture of glass containers for liquids, and more particularly gobleterie articles.
• a hollow glass or drinking article in particular a goblet of stemmed glass or a goblet, comes out hot from a machine giving it its shape.
• the glass article has above the concavity a cap used to handle it. The cap is removed by heating, stretching, then cutting by thermal shock. The glass article is then reheated to relax any residual stresses in the glass.
• the cutting edge quality is coarse.
• the Applicant knows a first alternative consisting of cold cutting the glass using a diamond disc and a diamond wheel.
• a second alternative is to cold cut the glass with a high power CO2 laser beam cutting the glass. Cutting leaves defects on the cut surface, in particular by chipping. Defects are removed by machining with a diamond disc.
• the Applicant has sought to cut the cap by reducing the consumption of energy, in particular carbon, and water, avoiding the production of waste, while ensuring a high cutting rate.
• the Applicant has developed a process for manufacturing a hollow glass article, comprising receiving a glass article associated with a cap at a temperature greater than 100° C., setting the glass article in motion in a direction of conveying and in rotation on itself around an axis of said glass article, the movement of a movable assembly at a substantially constant distance from said glass article, the identification of a relative position of the movable assembly relative to an edge of said glass article, the regulation of the distance between the movable assembly and an edge of said glass article during the rotation of said glass article and the joint movement of the movable assembly and of said glass article , shots of a laser beam from an optic supported by the moving assembly towards said edge of said glass article to generate holes and the separation of the cap and the glass article.
• the process dispenses with the use of water and expensive diamond tools that generate dust.
• the temperature of the glass article and of the cap on receipt is greater than 250° C., or even 500° C.
• a tiltable part of the movable assembly is tilted so that the laser beam is perpendicular to the area of said glass article receiving said laser beam.
• Glass articles of various shapes can be treated, in particular with parison ends inclined with respect to the axis of said glass article
• the shots of the laser beam have a power of between 0.1 and 1 mJ, in particular 0.25 or 0.5 or 1 mJ per shot.
• the power per shot can be increased depending on the availability of suitable laser sources.
• High power enables thicker glass cutting.
• a high power allows a high distance between the laser optics supported by the mobile assembly and the glass article, hence the possibility of treating glass articles at high temperature.
• the shots of the laser beam have a frequency greater than 50 kHz, for example 200 kHz.
• the wavelength of the laser beam is 976, 1015, 1030 or 1064 nm; these wavelengths can be divided by 2, by 3 or by 4.
• the pulse duration of the laser shots has a duration of between 10 15 and 10 12 s.
• each shot of the laser beam comprises at least one elementary pulse of duration between 5 and 12 ps
• the speed of rotation of said glass article is greater than 50 revolutions per minute, preferably 150 revolutions per minute, more preferably 250 revolutions per minute. Said rotational speed is relative to a central axis of said glass article.
• the speed of translation of said glass article is constant or variable.
• the translation of said glass article is substantially preserved compared to the translation of a glass article within a conventional cut production line.
• the movable assembly is moved laterally to accompany the glass article and, optionally, backwards to pass to the next rim in a production line.
• the movement of the glass article is in translation.
• the rim is supported by a rotating turret in a production line and the moving crew accompanies said rim then moves on to the next rim.
• the displacement of the glass article can be according to an arc of a circle.
• a hollow glass article manufacturing machine comprises a conveying member in a conveying direction and rotating on itself about an axis of said glass article associated with a cap at a temperature greater than 100° C., a moving assembly capable of moving at a substantially constant distance from said glass article, a member for measuring a relative position of the moving assembly with respect to an edge of said glass article, a member for regulating the distance between the movable assembly and an edge of said glass article during the rotation of said glass article and the joint displacement of the movable assembly and of said glass article, and a laser generator comprising an optical system supported by the mobile assembly and capable of emitting a laser beam towards said edge of said glass article to generate holes and a member for recovering the cap once separated from the glass article
• the laser generator comprises a laser source, in particular stationary, emitting towards said optics.
• said optic comprises a Bessel type system.
• the laser source is a YAG or Excimer type laser.
• the machine comprises an actuator for moving the movable assembly in translation parallel to the translation of said glass article and an actuator for moving the movable assembly in translation perpendicular to the translation of said article in glass, controlled by the regulator.
• the conveying member comprises a chain supporting drums moving the article in translation and in rotation.
• the member for measuring a relative position of the moving assembly with respect to an edge of said glass article comprises a matrix camera.
• the regulating member comprises a motorized axis controlled according to the output of the measuring member
• a CO2 laser cut on glasses at low temperature requires heat shock, wet grinding, fletching, chamfering, flame softening and washing steps.
• the CO2 laser has a wavelength that does not pass through glass. This process is long, generates waste, consumes energy and water and requires bulky machines.
• Document US2018/0257710 relates to a cutting method using two different laser beams.
• the document US2018/0134606 relates to a method for laser cutting a transparent glass to said laser by plasma generation by means of ultrashort pulses.
• the laser is a YAG at 1064 nm.
• the repetition frequency is 10 to 120 kHz.
• the spacing of filamentary damage is between 4 and 10.10 -6 m.
• Pulse duration is less than 100 ps.
• the pulse energy is greater than 0.2 mJ.
• the laser source is operated at a power between 40 and 100 W.
• the machine comprises a device for measuring the ovality of the article.
• Said measuring member is arranged on the upstream side within the machine.
• Said measuring device comprises at least one photoelectric cell, or a row of photoelectric cells.
• the output of the photoelectric cell providing an encoding of the position is transmitted to a controller controlling a support of the optical head.
• the axis of the laser is positioned on the area of the glass article to be treated.
• the geometrical defects of the articles are taken into account to ensure treatment of the glass in one pass.
• the optical head support is controlled from a given average position and corrected in real time.
• An out-of-roundness measurement system measures the distance when rotating articles pass and corrects the position of the focal point over the entire periphery of the articles.
• a clear, clean and clear separation is then obtained when the thickness of the article is not greater than the filament.
• Filament length is more than 1mm.
• the thickness of the article does not exceed 1.5 mm minus tracking deviations of plus or minus 15/100 th of a mm.
• a rounded edge can be obtained directly by a laser with an astigmatic type lens generating a line of cracking of curved shape.
• the hot separation can be carried out with a burner which generates an expansion over the entire periphery of the article, then ensures the dissociation between parison and cap.
• separation is very difficult because the article is traversed by stresses resulting from the contact of the glass with the various forming materials and in particular by the contact with the moulds.
• the reburning which follows the separation locally remelts the surface of the glass in order to reduce the roughness. Reburning avoids the deformation of the rim and the creation of a bead with a diameter greater than the thickness while guaranteeing the formation of a slight radius instead of the sharp edges generated previously. Burning can be done with the help of an Air/Gas or Oxygas burner, by radiation or by using a CO2 laser.
• the article enters the laser treatment zone at a high temperature, is filamentized with a pitch adapted by adjusting the speed of rotation and the firing frequency of the laser according to the diameter and the thickness of the glass. , then occurs the separation of the parison and the cap with a circular burner, then the reburning of the edge of the parison or drinking from the article.
• the measurement system performs a sampling of distance measurements as the rotating article passes, thus making it possible to process the ovalization and to be able, in the following cycle, to position the focal beam as well as possible at the center of the thickness of the lens. over the entire periphery of the article. For a quality cut, several parameters must be taken into account:
• the laser source is stationary to avoid shocks.
• the laser beam from the laser source is led to the treatment area of the article by a set of mirrors.
• the mirrors are precisely aligned. A misalignment of the axes would cause a defect on the next axis which would also multiply it by its displacement and so on until the exit lens.
• the laser beam at the output of the laser source is deflected until reaching the output lens by several successive mirrors each provided with a safety contact on the opening of its cover.
• the optical path is protected by a set of sliding rigid tubes to absorb movement displacements along three axes of translation.
• the dust tightness of the fittings of the sliding tubes is ensured by an extendable bellows.
• the exit lens comprises two mirrors allowing the rotation of the nose of the optics for normal tracking on the surface of the curve of the article.
• the nose is equipped with an adjustment on two axes allowing the adjustment and the homogeneity of the annular beam of the Bessel type on which depends the uniformity of the distribution of the laser energy.
• the translation axis is controlled from a given average position and is corrected in real time to adjust to the geometric defects of the article.
• a first mobile plate along the tracking axis of the part makes it possible to accompany the changes of sections in the parade of the articles.
• the movement of the mobile plate is motorized.
• the trajectory of the mobile plate is controlled by the control automaton.
• a second mobile plate along the ovalization axis perpendicular to the tracking axis makes it possible to keep a constant distance between the wall of the rotating article and the exit lens.
• the processing time of an article depends on the rotational speed of the article, between 50 and 500 rpm. Processing is carried out on a lathe.
• the connection between the start and the end of the filamentation is as accurate as possible.
• the vertical deviation is around 0.01 mm and is less than 0.02 mm.
• the reburning can be carried out by linear oxygas burners.
• Linear burners are installed on the periphery of the machine. The burners treat the rim, regardless of its ovality or its variation in thickness, in very short times.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
• Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=80168368

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Family Cites Families (6)

• 2020
  • 2020-12-17 FR FR2013574A patent/FR3118025B3/fr active Active
• 2021
  • 2021-12-15 JP JP2023536821A patent/JP2023554073A/ja active Pending
  • 2021-12-15 EP EP21852034.4A patent/EP4263448A1/fr active Pending
  • 2021-12-15 MX MX2023007294A patent/MX2023007294A/es unknown
  • 2021-12-15 US US18/267,394 patent/US20240042543A1/en active Pending
  • 2021-12-15 WO PCT/FR2021/052345 patent/WO2022129789A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2021-12-15 CN CN202180085084.1A patent/CN116615303A/zh active Pending

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