EP4257912A1 - Geschlitztes profil zum einsetzen eines flüssigkeitszirkulationsrohrs und wärmetauscher dafür - Google Patents

Geschlitztes profil zum einsetzen eines flüssigkeitszirkulationsrohrs und wärmetauscher dafür Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4257912A1
EP4257912A1 EP23166593.6A EP23166593A EP4257912A1 EP 4257912 A1 EP4257912 A1 EP 4257912A1 EP 23166593 A EP23166593 A EP 23166593A EP 4257912 A1 EP4257912 A1 EP 4257912A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
profile
tube
cylinder
heat exchanger
hollow cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23166593.6A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fabien VAN THUANG
Philippe MUFFAT-JOLY
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Liebherr Aerospace Toulouse SAS
Original Assignee
Liebherr Aerospace Toulouse SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Liebherr Aerospace Toulouse SAS filed Critical Liebherr Aerospace Toulouse SAS
Publication of EP4257912A1 publication Critical patent/EP4257912A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F28F1/20—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means being attachable to the element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
    • F28F2255/16—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes extruded
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/04—Fastening; Joining by brazing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/06—Fastening; Joining by welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2275/00—Fastening; Joining
    • F28F2275/10—Fastening; Joining by force joining

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a profile for a heat exchanger, the associated heat exchanger and a method of manufacturing said exchanger.
  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger which may be of the stainless steel-aluminum type or other combinations of two materials for use in an aeronautical or space context.
  • Heat exchangers used in the aeronautics or space field can take the form of an envelope, preferably made of aluminum, surrounding a tube, preferably made of stainless steel (commonly called stainless steel), in which a fluid circulates, in particular for a transfer of heat from the fluid to the outside of the envelope via the tube and the envelope.
  • the envelope can for example take the form of plates enclosing the tube.
  • the exchanger is then assembled by welding or brazing the plates forming the envelope between which the tube is arranged.
  • the assembly by brazing of elements of two materials of different nature generates differential expansions between the two materials due to their different coefficient of thermal expansion which can lead to detachment of the heat exchanger due to brazing, in particular when several pieces are necessary to grip the tube. This can call into question the mechanical strength of the exchanger and specific solutions must be put in place to manage these thermal constraints during brazing.
  • the inventors therefore sought a solution to facilitate the industrialization of heat exchangers comprising a tube surrounded by an envelope.
  • the invention aims to provide a heat exchanger profile, a heat exchanger comprising this profile and a method of manufacturing said exchanger.
  • the invention aims in particular to provide, in at least one embodiment, a profile and an exchanger having a simple and industrializable assembly.
  • the invention also aims to provide, in at least one embodiment of the invention, a profile and an exchanger compatible with a tube of great length, in particular of length greater than 3m.
  • the invention also aims to provide, in at least one embodiment of the invention, a method of manufacturing the heat exchanger limiting internal stresses to avoid deformations due to differential expansions during assembly.
  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger profile, configured to be crossed by at least one fluid circulation tube, comprising for each circulation tube a hollow cylinder comprising an interior surface configured to receive said tube circulation, the cylinder having, in the absence of mechanical constraint, a circular section of interior diameter substantially constant over its entire length and substantially equal to the exterior diameter of said circulation tube, characterized in that the profile comprises a slot extending over the entire length of the cylinder and configured to allow, by application of at least one mechanical stress on the profile, an increase or decrease in the internal diameter of the cylinder to respectively allow the insertion of the tube into the cylinder or the clamping the tube by the inner surface of the cylinder.
  • a profile according to the invention therefore allows the reception of a tube by fitting, using the presence of the slot for adjusting the internal diameter of the profile.
  • the internal diameter of the profile cylinder can be increased to allow the tube to be fitted or reduced to tighten the tube when it is in its final assembly position.
  • Insertion by fitting consists of matching one end of the tube with one of the openings formed at each end of the profile, in particular at one of the bases of the hollow cylinder of the profile, and of inserting by sliding the length of the tube through this opening until the tube is completely inserted into the profile.
  • the profile according to the invention is particularly suitable for receiving a tube of great length, for example of a length greater than 3m, the slot making it easier to assemble even when the internal diameter of the cylinder of the profile and the external diameter of the tube are substantially equal. Without the presence of the slot, fitting becomes difficult or even impossible above a certain length, in particular for a human operator.
  • the profile can also accommodate tubes of length less than or equal to 3m.
  • welding can be applied along the slot at the end of the assembly. This welding can improve the tightening or even the heat exchange between the tube and the profile, depending on the material used.
  • brazing can be carried out by prior application of a metallized layer on the tube before insertion into the profile, then brazing of the assembled exchanger.
  • the metallized layer is preferably applied by cold spraying or coldspray in English, and the final brazing makes it possible to form the solder between the tube and the hollow cylinder of the profile. Brazing does not cause the exchanger to separate since tightening is permitted by the profile. Brazing here makes it possible to improve the heat exchange between the tube and the profile.
  • the profile thus forms the envelope of the tube to form the heat exchanger. Unlike the brazing processes of the prior art described previously with several parts enclosing the tube, the assembly of such a profile with the tube to form the heat exchange does not require the application of high heat which would cause decohesion of parts forming the exchanger due to brazing.
  • the profile is for example manufactured by extrusion, and preferably in aluminum.
  • the slot is preferably present during the manufacture of the profile by extrusion but can also be created by machining subsequent to the manufacture of the profile.
  • the difference between the external diameter of the tube and the internal diameter of the cylinder is preferably less than a millimeter, preferably less than a few tenths of a millimeter, particularly if the tube to be inserted is of great length (for example longer than three meters), preferably even less than a few hundredths of a millimeter if the tube to be inserted is of short length (for example less than three meters long).
  • the increase or decrease in the internal diameter of the hollow cylinder during the application of the mechanical stress on the profile is minimal, preferably less than a millimeter, preferably less than a few tenths of a millimeter, particularly if the tube inserted is of great length (for example longer than three meters), preferably even less than a few hundredths of a millimeter if the inserted tube is of short length.
  • the slot cannot therefore be opened sufficiently to allow the tube to be forced into place by passing through the slot, in particular when the profile is made of metal.
  • the minimal increase in the internal diameter of the hollow cylinder is, however, sufficient to allow insertion by fitting by sliding the tube through an opening in the hollow cylinder, as described previously.
  • the profile comprises at least two bearing surfaces on either side of the hollow cylinder, configured to receive at least one tool allowing the application of said at least one mechanical stress on the profile.
  • the support surfaces are adapted to tooling specifically dedicated to the application of the mechanical stress(es) applied to the profile.
  • the tooling can act on the entire length of the profile, in particular when the tube to be fitted is of great length.
  • the invention also relates to a heat exchanger characterized in that it comprises a profile according to the invention and at least one fluid circulation tube, and configured to allow heat exchange between the fluid circulating in the tube and the profile.
  • An exchanger according to the invention therefore comprises a profile according to the invention, can be assembled without risk of separation due to brazing, and can be manufactured for tubes of great length, in particular greater than 3m. Contact between the profile and the tube is maximized thanks to the release of mechanical stresses on the profile at the end of fitting the tube.
  • the resulting exchanger is simpler to manufacture and more solid.
  • a surface treatment of the tube or profile is possible, in particular before assembling the exchanger or after assembly, for example an OAS (Anodic Sulfuric Oxidation) treatment, TCS PACS, physical deposition treatment in vapor phase, otherwise called PVD (for Physical Vapor Deposition in English) and chemical vapor deposition treatment, otherwise called CVD (for Chemical Vapor Deposition in English).
  • the invention relates in particular to a heat exchanger comprising a profile and at least one tube for circulating a fluid and configured to allow heat exchange between the fluid circulating in the tube and the profile, the profile being configured to be crossed by each fluid circulation tube, comprising for each circulation tube a hollow cylinder comprising an interior surface configured to receive said circulation tube, the cylinder having, in the absence of mechanical constraint, a circular section of interior diameter substantially constant over its entire length and substantially equal to the exterior diameter of said circulation tube, characterized in that the profile comprises a slot extending over the entire length of the cylinder and configured to allow, by application of at least one mechanical stress on the profile, an increase or decrease in the internal diameter of the cylinder to respectively allow the insertion of the tube into the cylinder or the clamping of the tube by the interior surface of the cylinder, and in that the tube is previously covered with a metallized layer before its insertion into the cylinder, said metallized layer being configured for brazing the tube and the cylinder when the tube is inserted into the cylinder.
  • a method according to the invention is easily industrializable thanks to the use of appropriate tooling for the application of the mechanical stress(es), and preferably the use of tooling for fitting the tube into the profile.
  • the process is also simpler, cheaper and more reliable.
  • the tools are particularly adapted to allow the application of the mechanical stress over a large part or even the entire length of the profile, in order to facilitate insertion by fitting the tube.
  • the manufacturing process comprises a final step of welding the tube and the profile along the length of the slot in the profile.
  • the manufacturing process comprises a preliminary step of applying a metallized layer to the tube, and a final step of brazing the heat exchanger so that the layer metallized forms a solder between the tube and the hollow cylinder of the profile.
  • the invention also relates to a profile, a heat exchanger and a manufacturing method characterized in combination by all or part of the characteristics mentioned above or below.
  • FIG. 1 and the figure 2 schematically illustrate in perspective a heat exchanger 10 according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the heat exchanger 10 comprises a profile 12, preferably made of aluminum, crossed by a tube 14, preferably made of stainless steel, allowing the circulation of a fluid, for an exchange of heat between the fluid and the profile and more generally between the fluid and the external environment of the profile.
  • the profile 12 includes a slot 16 which makes it easier to fit the tube 14 during the manufacture of the heat exchanger 10.
  • FIG. 3 schematically represents in section a profile 12 according to one embodiment of the invention, such as for example used in the heat exchanger described with reference to figures 1 and 2 .
  • the profile 12 comprises a hollow cylinder 18 for receiving the tube to form the heat exchanger.
  • FIG 4 there figure 4 , there Figure 5 and the Figure 6 schematically represent in section different stages of assembling a heat exchanger 10 using tools.
  • a single profile 12 is installed in the tooling in order to be able to fit the tube to form the heat exchanger.
  • the tool comprises several parts represented schematically, in particular a movable support portion 20, a fixed support portion 22 and a support portion 24.
  • the fixed support portion 22 maintains the profile 12 via a first support surface 12a of the profile while the movable support portion 20 can be moved to exert a mechanical stress on the profile 12 via a second support surface 12b of the profile.
  • the support portion 24 comprises an inclined surface 26 allowing the movement of a portion of the profile 12 under the effect of this mechanical stress.
  • no mechanical stress is applied to the profile 12 which is in the rest position, held in place.
  • the tooling and its different portions extend over a large part or even the entire length of the profile, in order to allow homogenization of the mechanical stress applied to the profile.
  • FIG. 5 represents a step of applying a mechanical stress to the profile and a step of inserting the tube 14 into the hollow cylinder 18 of the profile 12.
  • the mechanical stress is provided by tightening by the movable support portion 20 applying a force on the profile 12 towards the surface 22 of the support portion 24. Under the effect of this force and thanks to the presence of the slot 16, the internal diameter of the hollow cylinder 18 increases which makes it easier to insert (or fit) the tube into the profile 12 to form the exchanger.
  • the support portion 20 releases its mechanical stress and the profile returns to its rest position, as visible on the Figure 6 .
  • the interior diameter of the hollow cylinder 18 decreases and grips the tube 14 via contact between the interior surface of the hollow cylinder 18 and the exterior surface of the tube 14.
  • FIG 7 schematically represents in section the heat exchanger 10 thus assembled.
  • a weld 28 can be made at the level of the slot 16. The weld can make it possible to improve the heat exchange between the tube 14 and the profile 12.
  • the profile may have different shapes.
  • the internal diameter of the hollow cylinder of the profile may be at rest greater than, equal to or less than the external diameter of the tube, depending on the length of the tube and the difficulty of inserting it.
  • the method of manufacturing the exchanger can provide a preliminary step of applying a metallized layer to the tube, before inserting the tube into the profile, and following insertion of the tube into the profile a final step of brazing the heat exchanger so that the metallized layer forms a solder between the tube and the hollow cylinder of the profile.
  • This solder allows improving the heat exchange between the tube and the profile without detachment of the exchanger since tightening is allowed directly by the profile.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP23166593.6A 2022-04-04 2023-04-04 Geschlitztes profil zum einsetzen eines flüssigkeitszirkulationsrohrs und wärmetauscher dafür Pending EP4257912A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2203063A FR3134173B1 (fr) 2022-04-04 2022-04-04 Profilé fendu pour insertion de tube de circulation de fluide et échangeur de chaleur associé

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4257912A1 true EP4257912A1 (de) 2023-10-11

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EP23166593.6A Pending EP4257912A1 (de) 2022-04-04 2023-04-04 Geschlitztes profil zum einsetzen eines flüssigkeitszirkulationsrohrs und wärmetauscher dafür

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20230375284A1 (de)
EP (1) EP4257912A1 (de)
FR (1) FR3134173B1 (de)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3672446A (en) * 1969-01-21 1972-06-27 Airco Inc Ambient air vaporizer
US4487256A (en) * 1980-07-10 1984-12-11 Cryomec, Inc. Cryogenic heat exchanger
US7140425B2 (en) * 2001-05-01 2006-11-28 Julian Romero-Beltran Plate-tube type heat exchanger
US20150226440A1 (en) * 2012-09-17 2015-08-13 Uponor Innovation Ab Heat-conducting plate, especially for cooling or heating a building

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3672446A (en) * 1969-01-21 1972-06-27 Airco Inc Ambient air vaporizer
US4487256A (en) * 1980-07-10 1984-12-11 Cryomec, Inc. Cryogenic heat exchanger
US7140425B2 (en) * 2001-05-01 2006-11-28 Julian Romero-Beltran Plate-tube type heat exchanger
US20150226440A1 (en) * 2012-09-17 2015-08-13 Uponor Innovation Ab Heat-conducting plate, especially for cooling or heating a building

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3134173B1 (fr) 2024-06-14
US20230375284A1 (en) 2023-11-23
FR3134173A1 (fr) 2023-10-06

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