EP4255112A2 - Ensemble accumulateur de chaleur et procédé de stockage et/ou de transfert de chaleur - Google Patents

Ensemble accumulateur de chaleur et procédé de stockage et/ou de transfert de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4255112A2
EP4255112A2 EP23164476.6A EP23164476A EP4255112A2 EP 4255112 A2 EP4255112 A2 EP 4255112A2 EP 23164476 A EP23164476 A EP 23164476A EP 4255112 A2 EP4255112 A2 EP 4255112A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flow
heat
arrangement
heat transfer
flow guide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP23164476.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4255112A3 (fr
Inventor
Sergej Belik
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Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
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Deutsches Zentrum fuer Luft und Raumfahrt eV
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Publication of EP4255112A2 publication Critical patent/EP4255112A2/fr
Publication of EP4255112A3 publication Critical patent/EP4255112A3/fr
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02Induction heating
    • H05B6/10Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/105Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor
    • H05B6/108Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor for heating a fluid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0056Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using solid heat storage material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/04Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of ceramic; of concrete; of natural stone

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat storage arrangement for storing and/or transferring heat generated by electromagnetic induction, comprising a storage space with an inductively heatable storage material and a first flow guide for conducting heat transfer medium in thermal contact with the storage material from an inlet side to an outlet side and an inductor arrangement an inductor device arranged around the storage space for heating the storage material.
  • the invention further relates to a method for storing and/or transferring heat in a heat storage arrangement.
  • Such a heat storage arrangement is based on the DE 10 2019 207 967 A1 out.
  • Induction heating through contactless power transport with direct heat generation in the storage material enables significantly higher power density and thus more compact conversion systems than, for example, systems using resistance heating.
  • the DE 2 117 103 A shows a method and a device for producing a heated medium for heating purposes.
  • the device comprises a metallic block surrounded by induction coils and heat-insulating walls.
  • the induction coils or copper coils are embedded in a fireproof ceramic, heat-insulating, preferably highly porous mass.
  • the DE 10 2017 125 669 A1 shows a latent heat storage with a variety of heat storage elements.
  • the DE 11 2018 001 252 T5 shows a porous honeycomb heat storage structure for use in the field of motor vehicles.
  • the present invention is based on the object of providing a heat storage arrangement of the type mentioned with improved efficiency, as well as a corresponding method.
  • the task is solved for the heat storage arrangement with the features of claim 1 and/or claim 12 and for the method with the features of claim 24.
  • the storage material is in the form of at least one insert element, which (as storage material) comprises or is formed from an electrically conductive, ceramic material and, as a first flow guide, has at least one flow path through which the heat transfer medium can flow, with a specific cavity proportion ( Cavity volume through which heat transfer medium can flow or flows through, in particular Volume of the at least one flow path, to total volume of the insert element z. B. within a defined segment of the insert element (wherein the total volume includes storage material volume and cavity volume or is formed therefrom)) and / or a specific heat transfer area (heat transfer area to total volume, e.g. within a defined segment of the insert element) between the at least one flow path and the storage material within the insert element, increase in the radial direction outwards.
  • a specific cavity proportion Cavity volume through which heat transfer medium can flow or flows through, in particular Volume of the at least one flow path, to total volume of the insert element z.
  • the void portion can, for example, e.g. B. depending on the segment, between 35% and 90%.
  • a particularly radially innermost segment can also be designed without a cavity portion.
  • the heat transfer surface can, for example, e.g. B. depending on the segment, up to more than 100 1/m, preferably more than 200 1/m, in particular more than 250 1/m.
  • the external shape of the storage space and/or the insert element and/or the arrangement of the inductor device can, for example, be cylindrical or polygonal in cross section (orthogonal to the longitudinal axis).
  • Specific here means based on a specific total volume of the insert element, for example a defined segment of the insert element.
  • the cavity portion and/or the heat transfer surface can, for example, remain constant or also vary.
  • the cavity portion and/or the heat transfer surface can/can be between, for example, (imaginary) ring-like segments lying radially around one another vary, increasing in radially outer segments.
  • heat transfer medium can flow through or flows through the insert element directly (with direct contact between storage material and heat transfer medium, without the interposition of another medium).
  • the heat storage arrangement is designed to operate at high temperatures in the storage material and/or in the heat transfer medium, with maximum temperatures of at least 800 °C, preferably at least 1000 °C.
  • a higher heat output can advantageously be transferred to the heat transfer medium in the radially outer region of the insert element and transported away from it.
  • the distribution of the thermal power transferred to the heat transfer medium is advantageously adapted to the distribution of the power introduced into the solid during inductive heating (i.e. to the distribution of the power density).
  • inductive heating due to the so-called (frequency-dependent) "skin effect", a higher power is coupled into the radially outer regions of the insert element than into the radially inner regions of the insert element. Overall, this measure can increase the efficiency of the heat storage arrangement and thus the efficiency.
  • the at least one flow path is formed by at least one continuous flow channel, the central longitudinal axis of which is arranged at least substantially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the storage space.
  • the insert element is penetrated by a plurality of flow paths, in particular flow channels, which are arranged symmetrically, in particular rotationally symmetrically, about the longitudinal axis in the insert element.
  • the storage material is arranged in the form of axially extending walls, between which the flow channels run, the walls in cross section being particularly radial walls (running in the radial direction) and/or (e.g. (circular). )ring-shaped and / or polygonal) circumferential walls (running in the circumferential direction) are arranged.
  • the flow channels can, for example, be rounded and/or straight wall sections, for a rounded, e.g. B. have an annular and/or polygonal flow cross section.
  • the walls can be produced in a defined shape in a defined shape, for example by extrusion or molding, in large quantities, particularly with a constant cross-section in the axial direction, and with a precise, predefined geometry.
  • the cavity portion and/or the heat transfer surface can be designed in particular via the course and/or the geometry (e.g. the thickness) of the walls and/or the distribution and/or (specific) number and/or the geometry (e.g. the flow cross section) of the flow channels towards the outside in such a way that a uniform temperature distribution, in particular in the radial direction and/or in the circumferential direction, can be achieved or is present within the storage material.
  • a uniform temperature distribution exists in particular when there is a temperature difference, in particular in the radial direction, between the minimum and the maximum temperature of the storage material within the insert element in a (e.g. simulated) stationary and/or quasi-stationary operating state (with heating of the heat transfer medium to temperatures of at least 800 °C, preferably at least 1000 °C) is not greater than 400 K, preferably not greater than 300 K, in particular not greater than 200 K.
  • the design is carried out numerically, e.g. B. using the finite element method (FEM).
  • FEM finite element method
  • Maxwell's equations to describe the power input through electromagnetic induction are coupled with heat transport equations to describe the existing heat transport processes and heat loss mechanisms and from this the temperature distribution within the insert element is determined under exemplary operating conditions.
  • At least one of the following variables can be specified as a given boundary condition: a frequency (of the electrical voltage causing the induction or of the induced electrical current) together with material specifics, e.g. B. the storage material, and thus the penetration depth of the heating process of the storage material, an alternating voltage or alternating current applied to the inductor, material specifics of the heat transfer medium, operating variables such as flow rates of the heat transfer medium, etc.
  • a frequency of the electrical voltage causing the induction or of the induced electrical current
  • the insert element can be used for calculation e.g. B. can be divided into different segments (e.g. into 1 to n segments), for example into circumferential, nested, adjacent (ring) segments, between which the degrees of freedom can differ for optimization purposes.
  • a thickness of the, in particular radial, walls in cross-section can advantageously decrease outwards in the radial direction (increase inwards).
  • the decrease can take place continuously or discretely (e.g. between the individual (ring) segments).
  • the wall thickness can remain constant. Due to the wall thickness increasing inwards, the thermal resistance within the storage material is reduced towards the inside, thus enabling better heat conduction from the radial outside, where a significantly higher power is coupled in, to the inside, where a significantly lower power is coupled in. This achieves a more even temperature distribution within the insert element.
  • At least some of the radial walls are preferably arranged, preferably in a rotationally symmetrical arrangement, in a radially continuous manner from an innermost circumferential wall to an outermost circumferential wall.
  • the flow channels are in the flow direction, in particular in the direction of gravity (axial direction). , have a constantly and/or monotonically narrowing flow cross section, with the walls in particular constantly approaching one another in a funnel-like manner.
  • the heat storage arrangement is preferably aligned with its axial direction (in the direction of the longitudinal axis L) such that the at least one flow path runs in the direction of gravity, in particular vertically.
  • the at least one flow path, or in particular the flow channels has a narrowing for flow guidance in the flow direction.
  • the heat transfer medium preferably comprises a gas, in particular air or hydrogen, and/or a solid, e.g. B. sand and / or bauxite and / or lime, on or is formed from it.
  • a gas in particular air or hydrogen
  • a solid e.g. B. sand and / or bauxite and / or lime
  • the storage material is preferably electrically conductive and has an electrical conductivity of 10 3 S/m to 10 6 S/m. In this way, a high inductive efficiency of the storage material, preferably of 90% or more, can be achieved.
  • the storage material has a density in a range of approximately 2500 kg/cubic meter or more, in particular approximately 3000 kg/cubic meter or more.
  • the storage material has a heat capacity at constant pressure and/or a temperature of 1000 ° C or more of approximately 600 J/(kgK) or more, in particular of approximately 900 J/(kgK) or more.
  • the storage material preferably has a thermal conductivity of approximately 15 W per (meter times Kelvin) or more, in particular of 20 W per (meter times Kelvin) or more.
  • the storage material comprises or is formed from one or more of the following materials: carbide ceramic materials, in particular Silicon carbide and/or titanium carbide, silicide ceramic materials, in particular molybdenum disilicide, boride ceramic materials, in particular titanium boride.
  • Thermal decoupling of the insert element from the inductor arrangement along with efficiency optimization is achieved if at least one insulating means for thermal insulation is arranged between the jacket and the storage space, e.g. B. made of high-temperature-resistant and/or microporous material.
  • the object is achieved in that the heat storage arrangement comprises an electrically non-conductive jacket arranged all around the storage space, into which the inductor device is introduced (e.g. cast within an inductor channel), with at least one further jacket in the jacket Flow guide is arranged to conduct a portion of the heat transfer medium.
  • the jacket is also cooled by means of the heat transfer medium and losses in efficiency caused by the necessary process cooling of the inductor device can be minimized. In this way, the efficiency of the heat storage arrangement is improved.
  • the jacket in particular comprises concrete and/or is formed from the same.
  • the inductor device can be cooled by another cooling medium, for example cooling water.
  • the storage material can be present as an insert element and/or with a porous structure and/or as a bed (without defined, aligned flow paths).
  • the storage material is also formed from electrically conductive material in connection with the above-mentioned special design of the jacket and includes or is formed from one or more of the following materials: carbide ceramic materials, in particular silicon carbide and/or titanium carbide, silicide ceramic materials, in particular molybdenum disilicide, boride ceramic materials, in particular titanium boride.
  • the heat transfer medium preferably comprises a gas, in particular air or hydrogen, and/or a solid, e.g. B. sand and / or bauxite and / or lime, on or is formed from it.
  • a gas in particular air or hydrogen
  • a solid e.g. B. sand and / or bauxite and / or lime
  • the further flow guide preferably comprises a second flow guide which is arranged radially between the storage space and the inductor device.
  • the second flow guide is preferably arranged in its longitudinal course parallel to the longitudinal axis L and/or to the axis around which the inductor device is also arranged.
  • the second flow guide can particularly preferably be designed as an annular channel arranged around the storage space, in particular (completely) circumferentially, e.g. B. in the form of a rotating, e.g. B. cylindrical, gap space).
  • annular channel arranged around the storage space, in particular (completely) circumferentially, e.g. B. in the form of a rotating, e.g. B. cylindrical, gap space).
  • This design advantageously at least largely interrupts the heat conduction within the jacket between the inductor device and the storage material. In this way, the thermal insulation between the inductor device and the storage material is improved, which is accompanied by improved efficiency and an increase in efficiency.
  • the further flow guide comprises at least a third flow guide, which is arranged in a part of the electrically non-conductive jacket that surrounds the inductor device radially on the outside.
  • the heat entering the jacket radially outwards can also be dissipated and/or reintegrated into the process.
  • the third flow guide preferably has at least one, preferably a plurality of channel/channels passing through the jacket.
  • the channels can also be offset in the radial direction or have a radial directional component in their course.
  • At least one channel of the further flow guides in particular the third flow guide, has a channel geometry that improves heat transfer and/or increased wall roughness (compared to a smooth design of the jacket wall, as far as possible with the jacket material).
  • Corresponding geometries and/or wall structures or wall surface properties can be advantageously realized in particular in a casting process of a concrete shell.
  • the at least one further flow guide originates at least partially from the inlet side, wherein the heat transfer medium can be divided and/or divided from a total flow into a first portion for flow through the first flow guide and at least one further portion for flow through the at least one further flow guide.
  • the heat transfer medium can be divided and/or divided from a total flow into a first portion for flow through the first flow guide and at least one further portion for flow through the at least one further flow guide.
  • the first portion serves in particular to dissipate the power coupled into the storage material.
  • the second part is used for. B. to prevent heating of the inductor device by the heated storage material by interrupting the heat flow back to the inductor device.
  • the waste heat from the second portion can be used, in particular reintegrated into the process.
  • the third part is used in particular to utilize waste heat, in which the heat absorbed as the flow flows through the jacket is reintegrated into the process.
  • the shares are divided, for example, based on the design of the geometries of the flow guides, e.g. B. such that the first proportion is at least 70%, preferably at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 90% of the total stream and the further proportions are at most 30%, preferably at most 20%, particularly preferably at most 10%.
  • the ratio of the shares can advantageously be varied during operation. This can be done, for example: B. Means for changing geometry e.g. B. be present at the entrance to the flow guides.
  • the first share can, for example, initially be up to 100% and within the company to e.g. B. be reduced by a minimum of 90%, 80% or 70%.
  • the at least one further flow guide opens at least partially on the outlet side, with the portions of the heat transfer medium being able to be brought together and/or brought together on the outlet side.
  • a collecting device is arranged on the outlet side, adjacent to the jacket, in which the parts can be brought together and/or brought together.
  • the collecting device can in particular be arranged circumferentially on the outside of the casing, so that all flow guides open into the collecting device.
  • the collecting device can be, for example, one, e.g. B. have a cone-like, cross-sectional narrowing.
  • the temperature of the heat transfer medium of the further portions is significantly below the temperature of the heat transfer medium of the first portion, for example up to 150 ° C or up to 100 ° C.
  • the further components can advantageously develop a cooling effect in the manner of film cooling on the walls of the collecting device when they enter the collecting device.
  • the radiant heat acting on the collecting device becomes convective due to the other components dissipated, so that the temperature requirements for this component are significantly reduced and allow the use of available and therefore cost-effective refractory materials (instead of high-temperature ceramics).
  • fluidic sealants are arranged between the collecting device and the jacket, which in particular are not designed to be resistant to high temperatures, e.g. B. made of graphite material (with a temperature resistance of up to 400 °C). This is possible in particular due to the cooling effect of the other components, in particular due to the third flow guide. A significantly improved sealing effect can be achieved using the graphite seal than using the high-temperature seal. In this way, transmission heat losses due to a leakage flow of heat transfer medium to the outside can be minimized.
  • At least one insulating means for thermal insulation is arranged between the jacket and the storage space, for example made of high-temperature-resistant and/or microporous material.
  • the flow channels are in the flow direction, in particular in the direction of gravity (axial direction).
  • the heat storage arrangement is preferably aligned with its axial direction (in the direction of the longitudinal axis L) such that the at least one flow path runs in the direction of gravity, in particular vertically.
  • the invention further includes a method for storing and/or transferring heat generated by electromagnetic induction in a heat storage arrangement, which is designed in particular according to one of the preceding claims, in which storage material arranged in a storage space is inductively heated by means of an inductor device of an inductor arrangement arranged around the storage space and wherein the heat is transferred during removal to a heat transfer medium which passes through from an inlet side to an outlet side at least a first flow guide flows and/or flows.
  • Fig. 1 shows a heat storage arrangement 10 for storing and/or transferring heat to a heat transfer medium 16 in a schematic representation in longitudinal section.
  • the heat storage arrangement 10 comprises a storage space 14 arranged centrally on a longitudinal axis L of the heat storage arrangement 10 with an inductively heatable, electrically conductive storage material 12.
  • the storage space 14 includes a first flow guide 24 for conducting heat transfer medium 16 in thermal contact with the storage material 12.
  • the storage material 12 is in particular an electrically conductive ceramic material with a specific proportion of voids.
  • the first flow guide 24 extends from an inlet side 34, where the heat transfer medium 16 enters the storage space 14 and/or into the storage material 12, to an exit side 36, here for example arranged opposite, where the heat transfer medium 16 exits the storage space 14 and/or from the Storage material 12 emerges.
  • the heat storage arrangement 10 also includes an inductor arrangement 40 with an inductor device 42, in particular a coil, arranged circumferentially around the storage space 14 for heating the storage material 12 by means of electromagnetic induction (cf. Fig. 1 : " Pel ").
  • the inductor device 42 can be arranged in an inductor channel 44 and cooled by a separate cooling medium (e.g. water).
  • the induction heating advantageously enables contactless power transport with direct heat generation within the storage material 12, without heat transport limiting the power input, for example. B. through heat conduction. This means that high power densities are advantageous and therefore a comparatively (e.g. for use a resistance heating) compact design of the heat storage arrangement 10 can be achieved.
  • a circumferentially arranged insulating means 38 is present for extensive thermal decoupling.
  • the heat storage arrangement 10 comprises a (completely) circumferential jacket 30 arranged around the storage space 14, into which the inductor device 42 is introduced, in particular cast.
  • the jacket 30 consists of an electrically non-conductive, in particular mechanically stable jacket material 32, in particular concrete.
  • a second flow guide 26 and a third flow guide 28 are arranged in the jacket 30, for example.
  • the second flow guide 26 serves to guide a second portion 20 and the third flow guide 28 serves to guide a third portion 22 of heat transfer medium 16, in addition to a first portion 18 of heat transfer medium 16, which flows through the first flow guide 24 during operation.
  • a power loss "P V " heat losses to the environment
  • the second flow guide 26 is arranged radially between the storage space 14 and the inductor device 42.
  • the second flow guide is designed as an annular channel 50 that runs (completely) around the storage space.
  • the annular channel 50 is in particular cylindrical and/or arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis L and/or to the storage space 14 of the heat storage arrangement 10.
  • support structures are preferably arranged between an inner wall and an outer wall of the annular channel 50 (not shown here). These are preferably present in as few numbers as possible and/or are provided with small contact surfaces between the inner and outer walls and/or are designed to be thermally insulating. This design advantageously at least largely interrupts the heat conduction within the jacket 30 between the inductor device and the storage material 12 and thus improves the thermal insulation between the inductor device and the storage material 12.
  • the third flow guide 28 is arranged in the part of the jacket 30 that surrounds the inductor device 42 radially on the outside.
  • the third flow guide 28 has, for example, a plurality of channels passing through the jacket 30, which can also be arranged offset from one another in the radial direction (in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 indicated by two radially offset channels). In this way, the heat entering the jacket 30 radially outward can also be dissipated and/or reintegrated into the process, whereby the efficiency of the process can be increased.
  • the third flow guide 28 can have a wall structure that improves heat transfer (increased wall roughness 52) and / or a channel geometry that improves heat transfer (not shown here).
  • the second flow guide 26 and the third flow guide 28 originate from the inlet side 34.
  • the heat transfer medium 16 which flows towards the heat storage arrangement 10 in a total flow, can be divided into the first portion 18 for flow through the first flow guide 24, into the second portion 20 for flow through the second flow guide 26 and into the third portion 22 for flow through the third flow guide 28.
  • the size of the shares can be done in particular in advance e.g. B. by the geometry in the flow guides 24, 26 and 28 and the associated pressure losses.
  • the first portion 18 is greater than the sum of the second portion 20 and the third portion 22, preferably 70% of the total portion or more.
  • the amount of the first share can e.g. B. can be varied by changing the geometry at the entry into the flow guides 24, 26, 28 and, for example, initially be up to 100% and during operation to z. B. be reduced by a minimum of 80% or 70%.
  • the different parts 18, 20 and 22 fulfill different functions during operation.
  • the first portion 18 serves to dissipate the power electromagnetically coupled into the storage material 12.
  • the second portion 20 serves, in addition to the insulating means 38, to minimize heating of the inductor device 42 by the heated storage material 12 by interrupting the heat flow back to the inductor device 42.
  • the inductor device 42 can be cooled by another cooling medium, for example cooling water.
  • the waste heat from the second portion 20 can be used.
  • the third portion 22 is used in particular to utilize waste heat by reintegrating the heat absorbed as the flow flows through the jacket 30 into the process.
  • the heat transfer medium 16 of the first portion 18 has temperatures of, for example, 1000 ° C to 2000 ° C.
  • the heat transfer medium 16 of the second portion 20 has temperatures of, for example, between 40 ° C and 400 ° C.
  • the heat transfer medium 16 of the third portion 22 has temperatures of, for example, between 40 ° C and 100 ° C.
  • the second flow guide 26 and the third flow guide 28 open on the outlet side 24.
  • the portions 18, 20, 22 of the heat transfer medium on the outlet side 34 can be brought together or brought together again to form the total flow.
  • the heat storage arrangement 10 has a collecting device 46 for bringing together the parts 18, 20, 22.
  • the collecting device 46 is arranged (completely) circumferentially radially on the outside of the jacket 30, so that the flow guides 24, 26, 28 open inside the collecting device 46.
  • the collecting device 46 has, for example, a conical constriction.
  • the third portion 22 develops a cooling effect on the collecting device 46 in the manner of film cooling when the heat transfer medium 16 flows out due to the comparatively low temperature.
  • the radiant heat acting on the collecting device 46 is dissipated convectively, so that the temperature requirements for this component are significantly reduced.
  • a sealant 48 arranged between the collecting device 46 and the jacket 30 not resistant to high temperatures, for example from a commercially available material such as graphite material, whereby an increased sealing effect is achieved while avoiding losses due to leakage currents.
  • a further efficiency-increasing measure consists of an optimized design or arrangement of the storage material 12 and/or the first flow guide 24.
  • the storage material 12 is in the form of an insert element 13.
  • the insert element 13 includes an electrically conductive, ceramic material as storage material 12 or is formed from it.
  • the insert element 13, as the first flow guide 24, has a plurality of elements with the heat transfer medium 16 flow paths 54 through which flow can flow.
  • the specific cavity proportions and/or specific heat transfer areas between the flow paths 54 and the storage material 12 within the insert element 13 increase in the radial direction outwards. This allows the temperature distribution within the storage material 12 to be improved by taking the so-called “skin effect” into account.
  • the specific cavity proportions and/or specific heat transfer surfaces increase towards the outside in such a way that a uniform temperature distribution within the storage material 12 is achieved during operation, at least in a stationary (or quasi-stationary) operating state.
  • a uniform temperature distribution exists in particular when a temperature difference, in particular in the radial direction, between the minimum and the maximum temperature of the storage material 12 within the insert element 13 in a stationary and/or quasi-stationary operating state is not greater than 400 K, preferably not greater than 300K , in particular is not greater than 200 K.
  • the design in particular with regard to the criterion of uniform temperature distribution, is preferably carried out numerically, e.g. B. using the finite element method (FEM).
  • FEM finite element method
  • Maxwell's equations to describe the power input through the electromagnetic induction coupled with heat transport equations to describe the existing heat transport processes and from this the temperature distribution within the insert element 13 are determined under exemplary operating conditions.
  • the flow paths 54 are formed by flow channels 55 which are continuous from the inlet side 34 to the outlet side 36, which pass through the insert element 13 and whose central longitudinal axes are arranged at least substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the storage space 14 or the heat storage arrangement 10.
  • a central cavity 64 is used, for example, for assembly purposes, e.g. B. not as a flow-through or flow-through cavity.
  • Fig. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the flow channels 55 are arranged rotationally symmetrically about the longitudinal axis L in the insert element 13.
  • the flow channels 55 run between walls 58 with a circumferential cross section and radial walls 56.
  • the circumferential walls 58 are in the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 3 arranged polygonally, here for example octagonally.
  • the radial walls 56 intersect the circumferential walls 58 at the corners of the polygon.
  • the flow channels 55 are each delimited by straight wall sections and have a trapezoidal flow cross section.
  • a first, inner ring segment 60 has radial walls 56 with a greater wall thickness than a second, outer ring segment 62.
  • the proportion of hollow space is increased towards the outside.
  • the heat conduction from the outside to the inside is improved by reducing the heat conduction resistance of the radial walls 56, so that this design contributes to a uniform temperature distribution.
  • the improved heat conduction is also beneficial, as in Fig. 3 shown, the radial walls 56 run radially continuously from the innermost circumferential wall 58 to the outermost circumferential wall 58.
  • Fig. 4 shows a heat storage arrangement 10 with a further embodiment of the insert element 13, which is optimized with regard to the distribution of the heat transfer.
  • the circumferential walls 58 are circular and can have a different wall thickness depending on the segment (s 1 to s n ).
  • the Radial walls 56 are designed here, for example, with a constant wall thickness.
  • Fig. 5 shows a further embodiment of the insert element 13 that is optimized with regard to the distribution of heat transfer.
  • a large number of flow channels 55 are arranged in ring segments in the radial direction.
  • the specific number of flow channels 55 increases in the radial direction outwards and is maximum in an outer ring segment. This will be in the in Fig. 5 shown embodiment achieved in that the number of radial walls 56 increases towards the outside.
  • the wall thickness of the radial walls 56 is constant, for example.
  • Fig. 6 shows a design variant of the heat storage arrangement 10 that is optimized in particular for operation with a granular solid as a heat transfer fluid 16 (e.g. sand and / or bauxite and / or lime).
  • the inlet side 34 is arranged at the top with respect to a direction of gravity and the opposite outlet side 36 is arranged at the bottom, wherein the heat storage arrangement 10 is aligned with its axial direction (in the direction of the longitudinal axis L) such that the at least one flow path runs in the direction of gravity, in particular vertically.
  • the flow channels 55 have a constantly and/or monotonically narrowing flow cross section in the flow direction, in particular in the direction of gravity (axial direction), with the walls 56, 58 constantly approaching one another in a funnel-like manner.
  • both the first flow guide 24 and the third flow guide 28 are designed with parallel walls, but could also be designed like a funnel.
  • the second flow guide 26 is designed with parallel walls, but could also be designed like a funnel.
  • Such a design would also be possible regarding only one of the flow guides 24, 26 and 28, with z. B. no second flow guide 26 and/or third flow guide 28 could be present.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
EP23164476.6A 2022-03-28 2023-03-27 Ensemble accumulateur de chaleur et procédé de stockage et/ou de transfert de chaleur Pending EP4255112A3 (fr)

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DE102022107240.1A DE102022107240A1 (de) 2022-03-28 2022-03-28 Wärmespeicheranordnung und Verfahren zur Speicherung und/oder Übertragung von Wärme

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3596034A (en) 1969-12-08 1971-07-27 Hooker Chemical Corp Heat storage
DE2117103A1 (de) 1971-04-07 1972-10-26 Vitt, Gerhard, 5070 Bergisch Glad bach, Baur, Eduard, Dipl Ing , 5256 Waldbruch Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeu gen eines erhitzten Mediums fur Beheizungs zwecke
DE102011109779A1 (de) 2011-08-09 2013-02-14 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Thermoelektrischer Energiespeicher
EP2574756A1 (fr) 2011-09-30 2013-04-03 Ed. Züblin AG Procédé de fonctionnement d'une centrale d'accumulation d'air comprimé adiabatique et centrale d'accumulation d'air comprimé adiabatique
DE102016119668A1 (de) 2016-10-14 2018-04-19 Heinrich Graucob Induktiver Wärmespeicher und Verfahren zur Umwandlung von thermischer Energie in elektrische Energie
DE102017125669A1 (de) 2017-11-03 2019-05-09 H.M. Heizkörper GmbH & Co. KG Wärmespeicher
DE112018001252T5 (de) 2017-03-08 2019-12-19 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Poröse Wabenwärmespeicherstruktur
DE102019207967A1 (de) 2019-05-29 2020-12-03 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Wärmespeichervorrichtung und Verfahren zum Speichern und/oder Übertragen von Wärme

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10318510A1 (de) * 2003-04-24 2004-11-11 Leybold Vakuum Gmbh Wärmespeichermittel

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3596034A (en) 1969-12-08 1971-07-27 Hooker Chemical Corp Heat storage
DE2117103A1 (de) 1971-04-07 1972-10-26 Vitt, Gerhard, 5070 Bergisch Glad bach, Baur, Eduard, Dipl Ing , 5256 Waldbruch Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Erzeu gen eines erhitzten Mediums fur Beheizungs zwecke
DE102011109779A1 (de) 2011-08-09 2013-02-14 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Thermoelektrischer Energiespeicher
EP2574756A1 (fr) 2011-09-30 2013-04-03 Ed. Züblin AG Procédé de fonctionnement d'une centrale d'accumulation d'air comprimé adiabatique et centrale d'accumulation d'air comprimé adiabatique
DE102016119668A1 (de) 2016-10-14 2018-04-19 Heinrich Graucob Induktiver Wärmespeicher und Verfahren zur Umwandlung von thermischer Energie in elektrische Energie
DE112018001252T5 (de) 2017-03-08 2019-12-19 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Poröse Wabenwärmespeicherstruktur
DE102017125669A1 (de) 2017-11-03 2019-05-09 H.M. Heizkörper GmbH & Co. KG Wärmespeicher
DE102019207967A1 (de) 2019-05-29 2020-12-03 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Wärmespeichervorrichtung und Verfahren zum Speichern und/oder Übertragen von Wärme

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