EP4246048A1 - Passives heizsystem - Google Patents

Passives heizsystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4246048A1
EP4246048A1 EP23162593.0A EP23162593A EP4246048A1 EP 4246048 A1 EP4246048 A1 EP 4246048A1 EP 23162593 A EP23162593 A EP 23162593A EP 4246048 A1 EP4246048 A1 EP 4246048A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
tank
heat exchanger
heating system
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23162593.0A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
André Batt
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP4246048A1 publication Critical patent/EP4246048A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
    • F24H4/02—Water heaters
    • F24H4/04—Storage heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F24D11/0221—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system combined with solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F24D11/0228—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system combined with conventional heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0036—Domestic hot-water supply systems with combination of different kinds of heating means
    • F24D17/0063—Domestic hot-water supply systems with combination of different kinds of heating means solar energy and conventional heaters
    • F24D17/0068—Domestic hot-water supply systems with combination of different kinds of heating means solar energy and conventional heaters with accumulation of the heated water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/008—Details related to central heating radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/008—Details related to central heating radiators
    • F24D19/0087—Fan arrangements for forced convection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
    • F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
    • F24F12/006—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an air-to-air heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2101/00—Electric generators of small-scale CHP systems
    • F24D2101/40—Photovoltaic [PV] modules

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of heating, particularly to the field of heating housing, houses or apartments.
  • the aim of the invention is to propose a heating system which makes it possible to dispense with combustion boilers and the use of fossil fuels.
  • thermodynamic water heater present in the heating system according to the invention is particular on the one hand in that it is dedicated to producing domestic hot water and on the other hand in that it has two heat exchangers separate heat within the water heater tank, respectively intended for the thermal treatment of water circulating in a thermal regulation circuit external to the thermodynamic water heater, namely respectively a domestic heating circuit and a photovoltaic panel cooling circuit .
  • these two heat exchangers are arranged specifically relative to each other, with the first heat exchanger, associated with the domestic heating circuit, which is in the high position in the tank and the second heat exchanger , associated with the cooling circuit of the photovoltaic cells, which is in the low position in the tank.
  • thermodynamic water heater a high position and a low position are defined in relation to a vertical direction, perpendicular to the floor of the room in which the thermodynamic water heater is located.
  • an exchanger specific to the domestic heating circuit which is in the upper part of the tank to benefit from the heating of the water by successive stratifications, with the hottest layer of water in the upper part of the tank, it being understood that the density of the water decreases with temperature.
  • an exchanger specific to the cooling of photovoltaic cells which is located in the lowest part of the tank to increase the efficiency of the exchanger, with the highest possible temperature difference between the fluid circulating in the cooling circuit and the water stored in the tank.
  • the first water/water heat exchanger in this configuration, is arranged as close as possible to the main components of the heat pump and that the first water/water heat exchanger can effectively benefit from calories provided by the operation of the heat pump.
  • the heat pump comprises at least two heat exchangers operating respectively as an evaporator and a condenser, the heat exchanger intended to operate as a condenser being arranged against a wall of the tank and above the second water/water heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger intended to operate as a condenser is pressed against an external face of the wall of the tank.
  • the heat exchange between the thermodynamic loop of the heat pump and the tank, to heat the water stored in the tank, is thus done by draining the calories via the metal wall of a tube of this condenser and via the wall metal of the tank.
  • the first water/water heat exchanger is pressed against an internal face of the wall of the tank.
  • the heat exchange between the fluid circulating in the domestic heating circuit and the water heater tank takes place via the metal wall of the pipe of the first water/water heat exchanger, as well as by draining the calories from the hot water stored in the tank only by draining the calories stored in the metal wall of the tank.
  • the first water/water heat exchanger has a helical shape, with an inlet and an outlet through the wall of the tank which are arranged in the vicinity of each other.
  • the inlet and outlet of the first water/water heat exchanger that is to say the two holes through the wall of the tank which allow the connection of the exchanger tube to the inside the tank to the domestic heating circuit, are arranged in an angular portion of the order of 5° to 40°, if we consider the perimeter of the tank.
  • the heat exchanger intended to function as a condenser is in the shape of a serpentine, with segments which extend regularly around the entire perimeter of the tank. These segments can extend parallel to each other and are connected by curved portions. For example, the segments can extend vertically.
  • the heat exchanger intended to operate as a condenser is at the height of the first water/water heat exchanger.
  • the vertical position of the condenser is such that the condenser covers less than part of the first heat exchanger substantially equal, with a portion of the wall of the water heater which is enclosed between the first water/heat exchanger. water present inside the tank and the condenser present outside the tank.
  • the entirety of the first water/water heat exchanger inside the tank is arranged opposite the heat exchanger intended to operate as a condenser, with the wall of the tank interposed between them.
  • the tube of the first water/water heat exchanger is flattened against the wall of the tank.
  • the tube is deformed to increase the contact surface with the tank and thus improve the transfer of calories from the tank wall to the first water/water heat exchanger.
  • the tube can in particular be flattened prior to mounting the first water/water heat exchanger inside the tank.
  • the wall of the tank is a sheet metal, the thickness of which is of the order of 2mm.
  • the thickness of the sheet metal forming the wall of the tank is advantageous here in that it allows the creation of an effective heat drain between the condenser placed against the external face of this wall and the water/water heat exchanger associated with the circuit domestic heating and placed against the internal face of this wall.
  • the system includes programmable means of nighttime shutdown of the heat pump, to preserve silence at night.
  • the water heater comprises means for programming a first set temperature and a second set temperature, higher than the first temperature for the water in the tank, and an additional electrical resistance to maintain a temperature of setpoint when the heat pump is stopped.
  • the system includes means for storing water in the reservoir a surplus of energy, thermal or calorific, produced by the housing in passive mode, using the second setpoint temperature as the setpoint temperature.
  • the system may include a controlled mechanical ventilation circuit, which includes means for taking stale air and an air/air exchanger for heating air supplied in a room where the water heater is located with calories taken from the stale air, at least part of this stale air preferably being extracted from a kitchen.
  • a controlled mechanical ventilation circuit which includes means for taking stale air and an air/air exchanger for heating air supplied in a room where the water heater is located with calories taken from the stale air, at least part of this stale air preferably being extracted from a kitchen.
  • the domestic heating circuit preferably comprises at least one fan coil comprising circulation means for the water of the heating circuit, electrical resistances and a fan, the fan being used to force convection of ambient air around the means circulation and electrical resistances.
  • the fan coil may include means for stopping the electrical resistances and/or the fan when a set temperature for a room heated by said fan coil is reached.
  • the domestic heating circuit preferably each fan coil, may include a presence detector which controls the opening of a solenoid valve to supply water to the circulation means and operate the electrical resistances and/or the fan, this detector presence being functionally associated with means for delaying the electrical supply to the solenoid valve.
  • the power supply to the solenoid valve will be delayed for a few minutes, after reaching the set temperature.
  • the fan coil may include a switch to neutralize the electrical power supply to the fan, or not be equipped with the fan.
  • the domestic heating circuit comprises, downstream, heating tubes for low temperature underfloor heating.
  • THE figures 1 And 2 illustrate an individual heating system 100 equipping a housing 200.
  • six rooms 201-206 of the housing 200 are illustrated in the figure 2 . These rooms include a living room 201, a bedroom 202, a bathroom 203, a kitchen 204, toilets 205 and a room serving as a boiler room 206.
  • Living room 201 has a French window 3 equipped with a guardrail 3A.
  • the French window is equipped with an inlet grille 5 for air from outside the home.
  • the controlled mechanical ventilation system (VMC) 10 draws in air through the grille 5 and extracts the stale air using extraction vents 11-13 arranged in the humid rooms, that is to say the bathroom 203, the kitchen 204 and the toilets 205.
  • the doors of the accommodation are offset, so that they have at the base a clearance JP, for example a clearance of one centimeter, sufficient to allow the circulation of the air in housing 200.
  • the radiator 4 is a hot water radiator supplied by the thermodynamic water heater 1, thanks to an exchanger 15 (see Figure 3 ).
  • the radiator 4 is a mixed fan coil, that is to say using both the water supplied by the water heater and electricity for heating.
  • the solar collector is a hybrid collector comprising photovoltaic cells and a water cooler, such sensors being supplied in particular by the company Dualsun.
  • the sensor provides both photovoltaic energy and heated water in the cooler, according to the black body principle.
  • Water heater 1 is installed in boiler room 206.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates more particularly air circulation circuits, in particular the VMC system.
  • the sources of heat loss mainly come from the kitchen and its household appliances, for cooking or washing dishes, and from the bathroom, through the use of the shower, the bath or through occasional overheating. of this room when in use.
  • System 1 includes an air/air exchanger 9.
  • the VMC draws stale and hot air from the kitchen, through an extraction vent 11; this stale air passes through exchanger 9 before being discharged outside the housing.
  • the fresh air supplying the air inlet 34 of the water heater also passes through the exchanger 9, in which it is heated by the stale air extracted from the kitchen. In the example illustrated in figure 2 , this fresh air is taken from bathroom 203, where it is generally less cold than in the other rooms.
  • the extraction of air in the bathroom, through a vent 12 is caused by the depression of the air inlet turbine of the heat pump of the water heater, when the latter is in operation. Particularly when the water heater is not in operation, the air is extracted from the bathroom using the VMC, through another extraction vent 13, using the VMC 10B block.
  • the cold air which leaves the water heater is rejected outside, through a conduit and a vent 8, a chimney flue or a collective column, depending on the layout of the accommodation.
  • the air circulation makes it possible to recover at least part of the calories emitted in the kitchen and the bathroom, to heat the air supplying the room where the water heater is located.
  • the use of the exchanger 9 makes it possible to recover the calories coming from the kitchen, without the greasy vapors which are evacuated to the outside of the accommodation using the VMC 10B block.
  • THE figures 3 And 4 illustrate the thermodynamic water heater 1.
  • the heat pump 41 of the water heater is in an upper part thereof; a large hot water tank 42 occupies the lower part.
  • a high position and a low position and therefore by extension the notions of superior and inferior, are defined in relation to a vertical direction, perpendicular to the floor of the room in which the thermodynamic water heater is located.
  • thermodynamic water heater 1 is used in particular to produce water for each bathroom.
  • the thermodynamic water heater 1 comprises an inlet E1 intended to be connected to a domestic water return branch and an outlet S1 intended to be connected to a domestic water supply branch of the house.
  • the outlet S1 is advantageously arranged in the high position to promote the exit of hot water.
  • the heat pump 41 conventionally consists of a thermodynamic loop with two heat exchangers, respectively playing the role of evaporator 410 and condenser 412, an expander 414 and a compressor 416, and a refrigerant intended to circulate in the loop thermodynamics and each of these components.
  • the heat exchanger intended to play the role of evaporator 410 and which will be called evaporator in the remainder of the description for ease of reading, is arranged on the air path to recover calories from the fresh air coming via the air inlet 34 and being evacuated through the mouth 8.
  • the heated refrigerant is partially vaporized and the compressor 416 then has the function of raising the pressure of the refrigerant so that it enters in the gaseous state in the heat exchanger intended to play the role of condenser 412, and which may be called condenser in the remainder of the description for easier reading.
  • the condenser 412 is placed near the tank 42 of the thermodynamic water heater 1 to discharge its calories into the water stored in the tank.
  • the refrigerant leaving the condenser 412 is partially liquefied and the presence of the expander 414 between the condenser 412 and the evaporator 410 makes it possible to reduce the pressure of the fluid and to liquefy it so that it can pass through the evaporator again. 410 and start a new thermodynamic cycle.
  • the heat exchanger intended to play the role of condenser 412 is more particularly arranged to the exterior of a wall 420 delimiting the tank 42 of the water heater, in contact with this wall 420.
  • thermodynamic water heater 1 comprises two water/water exchangers 15, 16 which respectively comprise an exchange surface housed inside the tank 42 of the water heater.
  • a first water/water exchanger 15 ensures the hot water supply to the domestic heating network 15R where the water is propelled by a circulator C1.
  • the tank 42 further comprises a first temperature probe T1, making it possible to check that the temperature of the water present in the tank complies with a first set temperature t1 for the heating network 15R.
  • the tank 42 also includes a second temperature probe or thermo-contact T2, making it possible to check that the temperature of the water present in the tank 4 complies with a second set temperature t2 for domestic hot water, generally close to sixty degrees Celsius, temperature sufficient to destroy salmonella.
  • the second temperature probe T2 is arranged at a lower level in the tank compared to the first temperature probe T1.
  • a second water/water heat exchanger 16 ensures the cooling of the hybrid solar panels 2, in a circuit 16R where the water is propelled by a circulator C2.
  • This second water/water heat exchanger 16 also makes it possible to heat the water in the tank 42.
  • the circuit 16R is connected to an inlet E3 of the second water/water exchanger 16 and the fluid from this cooling circuit comes out cooled at the outlet S3 of the second water/water exchanger. It is notable that the inlet E3 of the second water/water exchanger 16 is arranged higher in the tank than the outlet S3 of this second water/water exchanger, to benefit from the stratification of the temperature of the water stored in the tank. and optimize the efficiency of heat exchange.
  • This vertical positioning of one water/water heat exchanger relative to the other depends on their thermal purpose. It is on the one hand desired by the inventors that the first water/water heat exchanger 15 be placed in the upper part of the tank to benefit from the stratification of the water temperature in the tank, and bathe in the part of the tank where the water is the hottest, since this first water/water heat exchanger 15 has the function of recovering calories to supply the domestic heating circuit. It is also desired, conversely, that the second water/water heat exchanger 16 be located in the lowest part of the tank, where the water is coldest, to increase the efficiency of the thermal exchange between the water stored in the tank and the fluid to be cooled for the proper functioning of the photovoltaic panels.
  • thermodynamic water heater is configured so that the first water-water heat exchanger 15, arranged at the top of the tank 42, interacts with the condenser of the heat pump, to allow more efficient transmission of the calories taken from the fluid refrigerant within the condenser towards the water circulating within the first water-water heat exchanger 15. This interaction will be described in more detail below with reference to the figures 6 to 8 .
  • the water heater comprises a control panel 18 for adjusting the first set temperature t1 in the heating circuit, for example in a range between twenty-five and fifty degrees Celsius.
  • This probe can be replaced by a thermo-contact set to forty degrees Celsius, which is a good compromise.
  • the control panel is equipped with a clock and a calendar, to program the start and end times of operation of the heat pump 41, for each day of the week, according to the habits of the inhabitants of the home.
  • We favor daytime operation in order to preserve the silence of the night, and to have optimized operation of the heat pump 41 during the day.
  • An additional resistor 17 is installed in the center of the tank; it makes it possible to reach or maintain the set temperatures when the pump 41 is stopped, for example at night.
  • a suction duct 34 draws ambient air into the boiler room.
  • This sheath 34 is equipped with a third temperature probe which measures the temperature t3 of the air resulting from a mixture of the various air samples in the housing, in the heated rooms, generally at a temperature greater than or equal to 19 °C, in rooms, generally at a recommended temperature of 17°C, in unheated rooms, air coming from the VMC and air entering through grille 5.
  • the sheath 34 can be equipped with a thermo-contact T3, set at a set temperature t3 close to 17°C.
  • the heating is in passive mode.
  • the energy contribution from solar radiation, the recovery of losses from windows, VMC and the passive energy from solar collectors are sufficient resources to ensure heating of the home beyond the threshold of 17°C.
  • the measurement of the third temperature probe T3 allows switching to passive heating mode. This operating mode is used to increase the set temperature from value t1 to value t2. This makes it possible to store the surplus passive heat, which is then used for heating the hot water in the tank 42.
  • FIG 4 illustrates the connection of the solar collectors 2 to the second water/water exchanger 16 of the water heater 1, located at the bottom of the tank.
  • the sensors are arranged in a position close to vertical, to benefit from optimized sunshine in winter, when the sun is low on the horizon.
  • the surface of the solar collectors is calculated to generate an electricity production equivalent to or greater than that consumed by the water heater, in particular by the heat pump, so that its operation is substantially free.
  • a surface area of photovoltaic collectors of five square meters with an efficiency of eighteen percent is sufficient to power a 900 watt heat pump.
  • FIG. 3 further illustrates the connection of the fan coils 4 to the water heater 1.
  • These fan coils are of mixed type, that is to say they use both the circulation of hot water in the heating circuit 15R and an electrical resistance.
  • a room thermostat 30 installed in a living room or a corridor controls the hot water circulator C1; a fine adjustment of the temperature is carried out by an individual thermostat 27 specific to each radiator 4 associated with a thermostatic valve 28.
  • each individual thermostat 27 is programmable remotely, using a telephone or a computer, via a home wireless network or via the Internet.
  • each radiator is also equipped with a wide-field presence detector 29, active when the thermostat is in the heating position.
  • the detector activates the heating; a time delay is advantageously set at thirty minutes.
  • the detector can control a solenoid valve 31 in the heating circuit 15R, at the inlet or outlet of the radiator 4 (see Figure 5 ) which opens when presence is detected and which closes at the end of the delay period.
  • each radiator is a fan coil; it includes a water circulation 36 which is part of the heating network 15R, electrical resistances 37 and a fan 32.
  • the detector 29 triggers the fan 32 and the electrical resistances 37, which makes it possible to quickly reach a set temperature in the room; as soon as this temperature is reached, the fan is turned off.
  • the resistances are turned off at the same time as the fan.
  • the fan By stirring the air through the resistances 37 and the circulation 36, the fan improves the heat transfer of these two heat sources 36, 37 with the ambient air.
  • these two heat sources When these two heat sources are activated simultaneously, they allow a very rapid rise in temperature of the heated room; the mixing of the air by the fan allows for a uniform and pleasant temperature, even before the set temperature is reached.
  • the heating network 15R comprises heating tubes 39 in the floor of the housing. This allows low temperature underfloor heating and optimizes the efficiency of the heat pump 41.
  • the first water/water heat exchanger 15 is arranged at the top of the tank 42.
  • the figures 6 to 8 illustrate a particular arrangement of a thermodynamic water heater according to the invention in which the condenser 412 of the heat pump 41 equipping this thermodynamic water heater 1 is arranged in the vicinity of the first water/water heat exchanger 15.
  • FIG. 6 schematically illustrates an upper part of the thermodynamic water heater 1 and the associated heat pump 41.
  • the evaporator 410, the expander 414 and the compressor 416 are represented schematically.
  • the tank 42 is delimited by the wall 420, which presents as visible on the figure 8 , an internal face 421 facing the inside of the tank and intended to be in contact with the water and an external face 422 facing the opposite.
  • the heat exchanger intended to operate as a condenser 412 is arranged around the tank 42 and more particularly in contact with the external face 422 of the wall 420.
  • the condenser 412 has the shape of a serpentine, with segments 413 which extend along the wall 420, here vertically without this being limiting to the invention, and rounded return portions between two adjacent segments, one of the segments forming an inlet segment connected to the compressor 416 and another of the segments forming an outlet segment connected to the regulator 414.
  • the inlet segment and the outlet segment are adjacent and the condenser extends circumferentially around the entire perimeter of the wall 420.
  • the condenser 412 extends against the external face 422 of the wall 420 of the tank 42 over a height, or vertical dimension, which is defined by the vertical dimension of each segment 413.
  • the first water-water heat exchanger 15 located at the top of the tank 42, extends vertically in a high portion of the tank which is the same as that where the condenser 412 extends. As illustrated, the The entirety of the first water/water heat exchanger 15 is contained vertically in the volume defined by the heat exchanger intended to function as a condenser and extending along the wall of the tank, with the wall of the tank interposed between them.
  • the inlet E2 of the first water-water heat exchanger 15 is offset vertically relative to the outlet S2 of the first water-water heat exchanger 15, so that the tube of the first water-water heat exchanger 15 has a helical shape following the internal face of the tank wall.
  • FIG. 7 illustrated in a sectional view, along the horizontal plane VII-VII of the Figure 6 , the arrangement of the first water/water heat exchanger 15, intended to be connected to the domestic heating circuit, and the heat exchanger intended to operate as a condenser 412, on either side of the wall 420 of the tank 42. More particularly, this Figure 7 makes visible a characteristic of the invention according to which a portion of the wall 420 of the tank is enclosed between the first water/water heat exchanger 15 and the condenser 412, with the internal face 421 which is in direct contact with the tube of the first exchanger water/water heat exchanger 15 connecting the inlet E2 to the outlet S2 and with the external face which is in direct contact with at least the segments of the condenser 412.
  • the wall 420 of the tank is a sheet metal.
  • the thickness of the sheet forming the wall is of the order of 2mm.
  • the metal wall of the tank surrounded by the condenser 412, which absorbs the calories released by the refrigerant circulating in the segments of this condenser and, in particular due to the small thickness of the sheet forming the wall of the tank, the calories absorbed by this metal wall are directly redistributed to the water present in the first water-water heat exchanger 15 through the tube of this first heat exchanger.
  • the inventors were able to observe that the efficiency of the thermodynamic water heater according to the invention was much better with the double stage of direct metallic contact between the condenser 412 of the heat pump 41 and the first water/water heat exchanger 15, through the tank wall, rather than with water stored in the tank as an intermediary, water being significantly less conductive than metal for heat transfer.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the thermal drain formed by this double stage of direct metallic contact, thanks to a sectional view along the vertical plane VIII-VIII of the Figure 7 .
  • the two heat exchangers namely the first water/water heat exchanger 15 and the condenser 412, are arranged on either side of the wall 420 of the tank 42 of the thermodynamic water heater.
  • the passage of calories from the fluid circulating in the condenser to the fluid circulating in the first exchanger water/water heat is essentially done by conduction through the metal walls, and not by the water stored in the tank 42.
  • the exchange surface is increased between the wall 420 of the tank 42 and the tube forming the first water/water heat exchanger 15 by locally giving the tube a flattened shape, this is i.e. a shape where the radius of curvature is locally enlarged.
  • the room which serves as a boiler room can be replaced by a cupboard or an unheated room, for example a cellar.
  • radiators can be equipped with a manual thermostat, instead of a programmable thermostat. Also, a radiator may not include a fan, but the rise in temperature of the heated room will be slower.
  • the invention adapts very advantageously to the renovation of housing. It can therefore easily be installed in a home already equipped with controlled single-flow mechanical ventilation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
EP23162593.0A 2022-03-18 2023-03-17 Passives heizsystem Pending EP4246048A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2202415A FR3133660B1 (fr) 2022-03-18 2022-03-18 Système de chauffage passif.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4246048A1 true EP4246048A1 (de) 2023-09-20

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EP23162593.0A Pending EP4246048A1 (de) 2022-03-18 2023-03-17 Passives heizsystem

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FR (1) FR3133660B1 (de)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100209084A1 (en) * 2009-02-13 2010-08-19 General Electric Company Residential heat pump water heater
ITMI20100458A1 (it) * 2010-03-22 2011-09-23 Giovanni Chiappa Centrale energetica compatta con sistema integrato di fonti rinnovabili atto a garantire autosufficienza energetica ad un impianto termico
US20130038122A1 (en) * 2011-08-08 2013-02-14 Jay Andrew Broniak Managing excess renewable energy
FR3088990A1 (fr) * 2018-11-23 2020-05-29 Electricité de France Installation de chauffage
US20200271328A1 (en) * 2019-02-26 2020-08-27 Hall Labs Llc Wall Mounted Radiant Heater
CN113701267A (zh) * 2020-05-21 2021-11-26 湖北工业大学 一种零能耗光伏建筑一体化供能系统

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3067638A1 (de) * 2015-03-10 2016-09-14 Deltacalor S.r.L. Handtuchwärmer vom hydraulischen oder elektrohydraulischen typ mit differenzierten heizbereichen

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100209084A1 (en) * 2009-02-13 2010-08-19 General Electric Company Residential heat pump water heater
ITMI20100458A1 (it) * 2010-03-22 2011-09-23 Giovanni Chiappa Centrale energetica compatta con sistema integrato di fonti rinnovabili atto a garantire autosufficienza energetica ad un impianto termico
US20130038122A1 (en) * 2011-08-08 2013-02-14 Jay Andrew Broniak Managing excess renewable energy
FR3088990A1 (fr) * 2018-11-23 2020-05-29 Electricité de France Installation de chauffage
US20200271328A1 (en) * 2019-02-26 2020-08-27 Hall Labs Llc Wall Mounted Radiant Heater
CN113701267A (zh) * 2020-05-21 2021-11-26 湖北工业大学 一种零能耗光伏建筑一体化供能系统

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FR3133660B1 (fr) 2024-03-01
FR3133660A1 (fr) 2023-09-22

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