EP4245934A1 - Thermally insulating component - Google Patents

Abstract

A thermally insulating component (1) comprises an insulating body (5) and force-transmitting elements (13, 14) for transmitting tensile and/or compressive forces between two structural parts (2, 3). At least one force-transmitting element (13, 14) has a first embedding section (18, 20) and a second embedding section (19, 21). At least one embedding section (18, 19, 20, 21) comprises a rod (22) with a smallest diameter (d). The embedding section (18, 19, 20, 21) has a first anchoring element (23) and a second anchoring element (24). The first anchoring element (23) is arranged at a maximum distance of 2 cm from the insulating body (5). The second anchoring element (24) is arranged at a second distance (c) from the insulating body (5), which is at least 10 times and at most 20 times the smallest diameter (d). The embedding section (18, 19, 20, 21) has an embedding length (e) which is at most 30 times the smallest diameter (d). Each first anchoring element (23) has an anchoring surface (A) which is at least 6 times and at most 12 times the cross-sectional area (Q) of the rod (22) at the smallest diameter (d).

Description

The invention relates to a thermally insulating component of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.

It is known to use thermally insulating components to connect building parts, for example when connecting a balcony to a floor ceiling. In such thermally insulating components, tension rods and compression rods, for example, are used as force-transmitting elements. In known solutions, the tension rods and compression rods usually protrude through the insulating body and extend on opposite longitudinal sides of the insulating body into the adjacent load-bearing structural parts. In order to achieve secure anchoring of the tension rods or compression rods in the concrete of the structural parts, the tension rods and compression rods usually have a comparatively long length. This makes it more difficult to position the force-transmitting elements in the formwork before casting the structural parts, especially if further reinforcement has to be arranged in the formwork.

From the EP 1 072 729 A1 and the EP 0 338 972 A1 It is known to arrange plates on the insulating body that combine several rods. However, such plates lead to a large variety of variants in production, since different plates have to be provided for different heights of the insulating body and for different distances between the force-transmitting elements in the longitudinal direction of the insulating body. In the case of tall components, a lot of material is required for the panels.

The invention is based on the object of creating a thermally insulating component of the generic type which has an advantageous structure.

This task is achieved by a thermally insulating component with the features of claim 1.

It has been shown that the compressive forces to be transmitted and the tensile forces to be transmitted can be introduced into the structural parts via anchoring elements fixed to the rod. A first anchoring element is arranged directly on the insulating body or at a distance of at most 6 cm, in particular at most 4 cm, preferably at most 2 cm away from the insulating body. This first anchoring element serves to introduce compressive forces from the rod into the structural part. A second anchoring element is arranged at a distance from the insulating body. This distance is at least 10 times and at most 20 times the smallest diameter. The second anchoring element is used to introduce tensile forces into the structural part. The distance between the second anchoring element and the insulating body ensures sufficient concrete coverage between the anchoring element and the end face of the structural part.

Because the embedding length of the embedding section is a maximum of 30 times the smallest diameter, the extent of the embedding section in the structural part is comparatively small, so that the arrangement in the formwork between the reinforcement provided anyway is significantly simplified compared to very long embedding sections. It has been shown that only a comparatively small anchoring area is necessary to introduce the compressive forces and tensile forces into the structural part. According to the invention it is therefore provided that the anchoring surface of at least each first anchoring element is at least 6 times and at most 12 times the cross-sectional area of the rod at the smallest diameter. The anchoring surface is the projection surface of the anchoring element perpendicular to the assigned long side of the insulating body. The assigned long side of the insulating body is the Long side of the insulating body, along which the structural part runs, into which the embedding section, which carries the anchoring element in question, projects. The anchoring surface is the surface over which the anchoring element acts on the surrounding concrete in the direction in which the force to be transmitted acts.

It has been shown that an anchoring area of at least 6 times the cross-sectional area of the bar is usually sufficient to safely transfer the forces to be transmitted into the surrounding concrete. At the same time, it has been shown that portions of the anchoring surface that exceed 12 times the cross-sectional area of the rod no longer contribute significantly to the introduction of force. The material required for this can therefore be saved.

The embedding length of the embedding section is advantageously at most 20 times, in particular at most 15 times, the smallest diameter.

It can be provided that at least one second anchoring element, in particular all second anchoring elements, have an anchoring surface that is at least 6 times and at most 12 times the cross-sectional area of the rod at the smallest diameter.

Similar force-transmitting components are advantageously designed separately from one another. This allows the similar force-transmitting elements to be positioned independently of one another on the component. This allows the variety of variants in the production of the component to be reduced. Similar force-transmitting components are components that work together to transmit the same forces. Similar force-transmitting components are therefore preferably arranged in the same position with respect to the vertical direction of the insulating body.

The component advantageously has a central plane which, at least in the insulating body, runs parallel to the at least one force-transmitting element and contains a longitudinal central axis of the insulating body. The central plane advantageously extends in the transverse direction and perpendicular to the vertical direction of the insulating body. The component advantageously has a plurality of force-transmitting elements which have the two anchoring elements. Force-transmitting elements, which have the two anchoring elements and which are arranged on the same side of the central plane, are advantageously designed to be separated from one another outside the insulating body. However, it can be provided that force-transmitting elements that are arranged on one side of the central plane are connected outside the insulating body to force-transmitting elements that are arranged on the other side of the insulating body.

The component advantageously has a plurality of first force-transmitting elements arranged on a first side of the central plane, with all embedding sections of the first force-transmitting elements, which have the two anchoring elements, being designed to be separated from one another outside the insulating body. As a result, the distances between the first force-transmitting elements can be freely selected in the direction of the longitudinal central axis of the component. Because the first force-transmitting elements are not connected to one another by plates, cross struts or the like, the distances between the elements can be freely selected. It can be provided that the first force-transmitting elements have embedding sections that the two anchoring elements according to the invention do not have. These embedding sections can be connected to one another in a known manner, for example via a cross bar running parallel to the insulating body, which can only be attached to the construction site as required.

The component advantageously has a plurality of second force-transmitting elements which are arranged on a second side of the central plane, with all embedding sections of the second force-transmitting elements, which have the two anchoring elements, being designed to be separated from one another outside the insulating body. This allows the second force-transmitting elements can also be freely positioned in relation to the longitudinal central axis of the component.

It can be advantageous to connect a first force-transmitting element and a second force-transmitting element to one another at their embedding sections. However, due to the connection of the force-transmitting elements, the distance between the force-transmitting elements is fixed, so that different variants of force-transmitting elements must be provided for different heights of thermally insulating components. In order to reduce the variety of variants here too, it is advantageously provided that the embedding section of a rod which has the two anchoring elements is designed separately from all embedding sections of other rods which extend onto the same long side of the insulating body and which have the two anchoring elements. Accordingly, all embedding sections that have the anchoring elements according to the invention are advantageously designed individually and are not connected to other rods that extend to the same long side of the insulating body, but are designed separately. Embedding sections that extend onto the long side of the insulating body are therefore only connected to one another in the finished building by the concrete of the building in this part of the building.

It can be provided that the force-transmitting elements carry embedding sections with two anchoring elements only on one side of the insulating body and that long, straight rods which carry one or no anchoring element are provided on the other side of the insulating body. However, it can also be provided that both embedding sections of a force-transmitting element have the two anchoring elements. The two embedding sections of a force-transmitting element can be designed identically.

The two embedding sections of a force-transmitting element advantageously have a single, continuous rod protruding through the insulating body and extending from extends from the one second anchoring element to the other second anchoring element. The bar is therefore not composed of several sections.

In an alternative embodiment, the rod can be composed of several rod sections. In order to enable subsequent assembly of a structural part on another structural part, for example a balcony on a floor ceiling, it can be provided that the rod is designed in several parts and has a first embedding section to be integrated into the first structural part and a second embedding section to be integrated into the second structural part, whereby the two sections of the rod can be connected to one another via a connection to be made mechanically, for example via a screw connection. In an alternative embodiment, the sections of the rod can be permanently connected to one another, for example by welding.

The at least one anchoring element is connected to the rod in such a way that the compressive forces and tensile forces that occur can be transferred to the structural part. In an advantageous design, the at least one anchoring element is welded to the rod. However, another type of connection, for example a screw connection, can also be provided. In an alternative embodiment, it can be provided that the at least one anchoring element is produced by bending or reshaping the rod. For example, the anchoring element can be designed as an anchor head produced by forming.

The anchoring elements are advantageously arranged completely outside the insulating body. However, it can be provided that fastening means for fixing an anchoring element to the rod of the force-transmitting element protrude into the insulating body. Advantageously, only the rods of the force-transmitting elements protrude through the insulating body. Further parts of the force-transmitting elements advantageously do not extend completely through the insulating body, so that a good insulating effect can be ensured.

In an alternative advantageous embodiment variant, at least one anchoring element is designed as a disk. The disk is preferably aligned perpendicular to the central axis of the rod. The disk can be round or polygonal. A different outer contour of the pane can also be advantageous. In an alternative embodiment, at least one anchoring element can be designed as an anchor head. The anchor head is manufactured in particular by reshaping the rod.

The thickness of the anchoring element is advantageously at least 25% of the smallest diameter of the rod. This ensures that the anchoring element has sufficient strength to transmit the forces. The thickness of the anchoring element is preferably 40% to 80% of the smallest diameter of the rod. The specified thickness of at least 25%, in particular 40% to 80%, of the smallest diameter of the rod is particularly advantageous if the anchoring element is designed as a disk or anchor head. However, the specified thickness can also be advantageous for other designs of the anchoring element.

At least one anchoring element is advantageously formed by the rod.

In an advantageous embodiment, at least a second anchoring element is formed by part of a loop of the rod, the loop comprising a first force-transmitting element, which is arranged on a first side of the central plane, with a second force-transmitting element, which is arranged on a second side of the central plane , connects. This is particularly advantageous for thermally insulating components with a comparatively low height, in which the tension rod and compression rod are arranged comparatively close to one another.

The formation of a second anchoring element as part of a loop simplifies the positioning of the first and second force-transmitting elements relative to one another in the component. However, free positioning of the elements adapted to the height of the component is not possible with this design, so different Variants of force-transmitting elements must be produced for different heights of the thermally insulating component.

It can also be provided to form at least a second anchoring element by a bent section of a rod. The bent section preferably runs perpendicular to the section of the rod that extends between the first and second anchoring elements. However, a different orientation of the bent section can also be advantageous. The bent section can be connected to other anchoring elements, for example via a welded connection. A connection via rudder wire can also be provided if the connection only serves to position the force-transmitting elements relative to one another. A first force-transmitting element and a second force-transmitting element are advantageously connected to one another via the connection of the anchoring elements.

In a particularly advantageous design, the first force-transmitting elements are designed identically to the second force-transmitting elements. The first force-transmitting elements are the elements arranged on a first side of the central plane for transmitting tensile and/or compressive forces and the second force-transmitting elements are the elements arranged on a second side of the central plane for transmitting tensile and/or compressive forces. This means that a single design of a force-transmitting element can be used for all first and second force-transmitting elements.

In order to ensure that only tensile forces are introduced into the structural part via the second anchoring element and/or only compressive forces are introduced into the structural part via the first anchoring element, it is advantageously provided that a buffer element made of an elastic material is arranged on at least one anchoring element.

A buffer element is advantageously arranged on at least one first anchoring element on the side facing the insulating body. This is especially for first Anchoring elements are advantageous, which are arranged at a distance from the insulating body and which are covered by a small layer of concrete. The buffer element prevents the introduction of tensile forces, i.e. forces that act from the anchoring element in the direction of the insulating body, into the concrete of the structural part or into the insulating body. If the buffer element is covered by a concrete layer, the buffer element prevents the concrete layer from flaking off.

A buffer element is advantageously arranged on at least one second anchoring element on the side facing away from the insulating body. The buffer element on the second anchoring element prevents the transmission of compressive forces via the second anchoring element into the structural part. This ensures a defined introduction of force.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines thermisch isolierenden Bauelements nach dem Stand der Technik,

Fig. 2

eine schematische Schnittdarstellung eines thermisch isolierenden Bauelements nach der Erfindung,

Fig. 3

eine schematische Seitenansicht des thermisch isolierenden Bauelements aus Fig. 2 in Richtung des Pfeils III in Fig. 2,

Fig. 4

eine schematische Draufsicht auf das thermisch isolierende Bauelement aus Fig. 2 in Richtung des Pfeils IV in Fig. 2,

Fig. 5 und Fig. 6

schematische Darstellungen von Ausführungsbeispielen von thermisch isolierenden Bauelementen in Ansichten gemäß Fig. 4,

Fig. 7

eine schematische Schnittdarstellung eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels eines thermisch isolierenden Bauelements,

Fig. 8

eine schematische Seitenansicht des thermisch isolierenden Bauelements aus Fig. 7 in Richtung des Pfeils VIII in Fig. 7,

Fig. 9

eine schematische Draufsicht auf das thermisch isolierende Bauelement nach Fig. 7 in Richtung des Pfeils IX in Fig. 7,

Fig. 10 und Fig. 11

schematische Seitenansichten von weiteren Ausführungsbeispielen von thermisch isolierenden Bauelementen,

Fig. 12

eine ausschnittsweise schematische Schnittdarstellung eines thermisch isolierenden Bauelements bezogen auf die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Einbaulage in Draufsicht.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a thermally insulating component according to the prior art,

Fig. 2

a schematic sectional view of a thermally insulating component according to the invention,

Fig. 3

a schematic side view of the thermally insulating component Fig. 2 in the direction of arrow III in Fig. 2 ,

Fig. 4

a schematic top view of the thermally insulating component Fig. 2 in the direction of arrow IV in Fig. 2 ,

Fig. 5 and Fig. 6

Schematic representations of exemplary embodiments of thermally insulating components in views according to Fig. 4 ,

Fig. 7

a schematic sectional view of a further exemplary embodiment of a thermally insulating component,

Fig. 8

a schematic side view of the thermally insulating component Fig. 7 in the direction of arrow VIII in Fig. 7 ,

Fig. 9

a schematic top view of the thermally insulating component Fig. 7 in the direction of arrow IX in Fig. 7 ,

Fig. 10 and Fig. 11

schematic side views of further exemplary embodiments of thermally insulating components,

Fig. 12

a partially schematic sectional view of a thermally insulating component based on the in Fig. 1 Installation position shown in top view.

Fig. 1 shows a perspective view of a thermally insulating component 1 'according to the prior art. The basic structure of such thermally insulating components is explained below using the thermally insulating component 1′. The thermally insulating component 1 'has an insulating body 5, which is arranged in a joint 4 between a first structural part 2 and a second structural part 3. Building parts 2 and 3 are in Fig. 1 shown schematically. The insulating body 5 has a first longitudinal side 9, which is intended to be arranged adjacent to or on the first structural part 2. The insulating body 5 has an opposite second longitudinal side 10, which is intended to be arranged adjacent to or on the second structural part 3. The insulating body 5 preferably adjoins the structural parts 2 and 3 with its long sides 9 and 10. However, a narrow distance can also be provided between the insulating body 5 and one of the structural parts 2 or 3. A distance is provided in particular when if the thermally insulating component 1 'is a component for subsequent assembly of the second structural part 3.

The insulating body 5 has a longitudinal central axis 6. The longitudinal central axis 6 runs through the centers of the surface cross sections of the insulating body 5 in sectional planes perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis 6. The insulating body 5 has a transverse direction 7 oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis 6. The insulating body 5 has a vertical direction 8 which is aligned perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis 6 and perpendicular to the transverse direction 7. The longitudinal central axis 6 is intended for arrangement in the longitudinal direction of the parting line 4. The transverse direction 7 extends from one building part 2 to the other building part 3. The vertical direction 8 extends in the insulating body 5 between the building parts 2 and 3.

At the in Fig. 1 In the arrangement shown, the transverse direction 7 is aligned horizontally and the vertical direction 8 is aligned vertically. This is particularly provided when the thermally insulating component 1 'is used to connect a projecting part of the building, such as a balcony, to a building ceiling or the like. The arrangement of a thermally insulating component 1 'in an arrangement rotated by 90 ° about the longitudinal central axis 6, for example for connecting a parapet or for arrangement in a horizontal joint, for example between two supports, two walls or a support and a wall, can also be provided be. An inclined installation of the insulating body 5 can also be provided.

To transmit forces between the load-bearing structural parts 2 and 3, the thermally insulating component 1 'has several force-transmitting elements. In the exemplary embodiment, tension rods 51, compression rods 52, transverse force rods 53, thrust bearings 54 and thrust bearings 55 are provided. The type and number of force-transmitting elements are advantageously selected to suit the application and the forces to be transmitted. Depending on the installation position and load, the rods 51 and 52 act as tension rods and/or compression rods.

Fig. 2 shows a thermally insulating component 1 according to the invention. The thermally insulating component has an insulating body 5, the structure of which is similar to that of the insulating body 5 from the prior art Fig. 1 described, corresponds. The thermally insulating component 1 can be arranged in horizontal, vertical or inclined joints 4 as described for the thermally insulating component 1'.

The thermally insulating component 1 has first force-transmitting elements 13 and second force-transmitting elements 14 as force-transmitting elements. The first force-transmitting elements 13 act in the in Fig. 1 Installation position shown as tension rods and the second force-transmitting elements 14 as compression rods. Depending on the installation position and stress, the force-transmitting elements 13 and 14 are intended for transmitting tensile forces and/or compressive forces. The transmission of compressive forces and tensile forces is particularly intended when alternating stresses act on the component 1. Other force-transmitting elements can also be provided. Instead of some or all of the second force-transmitting elements 14, thrust bearings 55 or thrust bearings 54 can be provided.

In the prior art, the tension rods 51 and compression rods 52 protrude, as in Fig. 1 shown, very far into both building parts 2 and 3 in order to achieve sufficient anchoring of the tension rods 51 and compression rods 52 in the building parts 2 and 3. The tension rods 51 and compression rods 52 are cast into the concrete of the structural parts 2 and 3 and the anchoring is achieved due to the large embedding length and, if necessary, additionally by ribbing the tension rods and compression rods.

The present invention now provides for the first force-transmitting elements 13 and/or the second force-transmitting elements 14 to be significantly shortened at least in one of the structural parts 2, 3 and to provide anchoring elements for sufficient anchoring 23 and 24 to introduce the tensile forces and/or compressive forces into the structural part.

The insulating body has a central plane 11 which contains the longitudinal central axis 6 and which runs parallel to the sections of the force-transmitting elements 13, 14 running in the insulating body 5. The central plane 11 advantageously runs parallel to the transverse direction 7. The central plane 11 has a first side 15 and a second side 16. At the in Fig. 1 In the installation case shown for connecting a balcony slab to a building ceiling, the middle plane 11 runs horizontally, and the first side 15 is at the top and the second side 16 is at the bottom. This installation case corresponds to that in Fig. 2 shown position of the component 1. An installation position in which the central plane 11 runs vertically or obliquely is also possible. The first force-transmitting elements 13 are all elements for transmitting tensile forces and/or compressive forces, which are arranged on the first side 15 of the central plane 11. The second force-transmitting elements 14 are all elements for transmitting tensile forces and/or compressive forces, which are arranged on the second side 16 of the central plane 11. Force-transmitting elements that systematically transmit other forces, for example transverse forces, do not form first or second force-transmitting elements in the present case.

Each first force-transmitting element 13 has a first embedding section 18 and a second embedding section 19, which extend on opposite sides of the insulating body 5. The first embedding section 18 is intended for embedding in the first structural part 2. The second embedding section 19 is intended for embedding in the second structural part 3.

Each second force-transmitting element 14 has a first embedding section 20 and a second embedding section 21, which extend on opposite sides of the insulating body 5. The first embedding section 20 is intended for embedding in the first structural part 2. The second embedding section 21 is intended for embedding in the second structural part 3.

The first embedding section 18 of the first force-transmitting element 13 and the first embedding section 20 of the second force-transmitting element 14 are each designed as a long, straight rod 22 in the exemplary embodiment, as in the prior art. In the exemplary embodiment, the rod 22 protrudes from the first structural part 2 through the insulating body 5 into the second structural part 3. The rod 22 can be made in one piece or composed of several rod sections that are firmly connected to one another. The rod sections can be connected to one another in a non-detachable manner, for example by welding, or by a mechanically releasable connection, for example a screw connection. Other types of detachable connections can also be provided. The embedding sections 19 and 21 have the same embedding length e in the exemplary embodiment. The embedding length e is the entire length of the embedding section 19 or 21 up to the insulating body 5.

The rod 22 has a central axis 25. The central axis 25 can run straight or, when the rod 22 bends, it can run curved. The rod 22 has a smallest diameter d. The rod 22 can be designed with a constant outer diameter or have ribs on its outer circumference. The smallest diameter d is measured in a region where the diameter is minimal. Preferably, the smallest diameter d for a rod 22 with ribs is measured between adjacent ribs.

The embedding length e is advantageously at most 30 times, in particular at most 20 times, preferably at most 15 times the smallest diameter d.

The first force-transmitting element 13 has a first anchoring element 23 which is arranged near the insulating body 5. The first anchoring element 23 can be arranged directly on the insulating body 5 or can be at a distance from the insulating body 5 of at most up to 6 cm, in particular up to 4 cm, preferably up to 2 cm. In the exemplary embodiment, the first anchoring element 23 is designed as a disk 28. The disk 28 has an enlarged diameter or an enlarged extension perpendicular to the central axis 25 compared to the smallest diameter d of the rod 22. The first anchoring element 23 extends beyond the rod 22 in the radial direction to the central axis 25. This protruding surface can be used to introduce compressive forces F _D into the structural part 3.

In the exemplary embodiment, the disk 28 is connected to the rod 22 via a weld seam 32. The disk 28 is arranged completely outside the insulating body 5. However, it can be provided that the weld seam 32 protrudes into the insulating body 5.

The first anchoring element 23 is advantageously made of metal. The first anchoring element 23 and/or the second anchoring element 24 advantageously consist of a material whose strength is at least 25% of the strength of the rod. Advantageously, at least one anchoring element, in particular all anchoring elements, consists of a material whose yield point R _{e is} at least 180 N/mm ² , in particular at least 235 N/mm ² .

The first anchoring element 23 is so firmly connected to the rod 22 that the forces acting during operation can be transmitted via the connection between the rod 22 and the anchoring element 23. The anchoring element 23 can be welded to the rod 22, for example. Alternatively, the anchoring element 23 can be forged onto the rod 22 by upsetting the rod 22 or manufactured using a rolling process.

The second anchoring element 24 is arranged at a distance c from the insulating body 5. The second distance c is at least 10 times and at most 20 times the smallest diameter d. Tensile forces F _Z can be introduced into the second structural part 3 via the second anchoring element 24. In the exemplary embodiment, the second anchoring element 24 is designed as an anchor head 31. The disk 28 is firmly connected to the rod 22, for example by welding. The anchor head 31 is advantageously formed by forming, in particular by forging or upsetting the rod 22 made. The anchoring elements 23, 24 are firmly connected to the rod 22 in such a way that the forces to be introduced from the rod 22 into the second structural part 3 can be transmitted from the rod 22 into the structural part 3 via the anchoring elements 23 and 24.

Due to the two anchoring elements 23 and 24, the embedding length e can be made significantly smaller than the embedding length of the straight tension rods 51 and compression rods 52 in the prior art ( Fig. 1 ). This significantly simplifies the arrangement of the thermally insulating component 1 between existing reinforcement in a formwork for producing the second structural part 3.

The first force-transmitting elements 13 and the second force-transmitting elements 14 are advantageously designed identically, so that only one type of reinforcing element is required for transmitting the tensile forces and the compressive forces. In the exemplary embodiment, the first force-transmitting elements 13 are connected neither to other first force-transmitting elements 13 nor to other second force-transmitting elements 14. Each rod 13, 14 is designed individually. As a result, the first force-transmitting elements 13 and the second force-transmitting elements 14 can be freely positioned in the insulating body 5. The distance between the force-transmitting elements in the direction of the longitudinal central axis 6 and in the vertical direction 8 can be selected to be adapted to the application and to the height of the insulating body 5, without the need for differently designed force-transmitting elements. In the exemplary embodiment, the first force-transmitting elements 13 have a distance a measured in the vertical direction 8 from the second force-transmitting elements 14 underneath.

Fig. 3 shows the design of the anchoring elements 23, 24 in a top view of the second anchoring elements 24. How Fig. 3 shows, the anchoring elements 23, 24 are circular. A different shape of the anchoring elements 23, 24 can also be advantageous. The anchoring elements 23, 24 are dimensioned so that the anchoring surface A is at least 6 times and at most 12 times the cross-sectional area Q of the rod 22 at the smallest diameter b. The anchoring surface A is the projection surface perpendicular to the assigned long side 10 of the insulating body 5. In the exemplary embodiment, the projection surface corresponds to the surface of the disk 28 or the anchor head 31 without the cross-sectional area Q of the rod 22. The cross-sectional area Q is in the middle of the anchoring surface A left out. For the second anchoring elements 24, a different size of the anchoring surface A, in particular a larger anchoring surface A, can also be advantageous.

The anchoring elements 23, 24 of the first force-transmitting elements 13 have an outer diameter g in the exemplary embodiment. The anchoring elements 23, 24 of the second force-transmitting elements 14 have an outer diameter h, which in the exemplary embodiment is the same size as the outer diameter g.

It can be provided that the anchoring elements 23, 24 of the first force-transmitting elements 13 and the anchoring elements 23, 24 of the second force-transmitting elements 14 are designed differently and/or the anchoring elements 23 and the anchoring elements 24 of a first force-transmitting element 13 or a second force-transmitting element 14 to be trained differently. Alternatively, it can be provided to design the anchoring elements 23 and 24 on a rod 22 in the same way and/or to provide the same anchoring elements 23 and/or 24 for first force-transmitting elements 13 and for second force-transmitting elements 14.

The first force-transmitting elements 13 and the second force-transmitting elements 14 have to each other the distance a measured between the central axes 25 in the vertical direction 8, like Fig. 2 shows. In the direction of the longitudinal central axis 6, the central axes 25 of the second force-transmitting elements 14 and the central axes 25 of the first force-transmitting elements 13 each have a distance b, like Fig. 3 shows. The distances a and b can be due to the individual design of the force-transmitting elements, i.e. the first force-transmitting elements 13 and the second force-transmitting Elements 14 can be selected to be adapted to the application, without the need for different designs of the force-transmitting elements, in particular the anchoring elements 23 and / or 24.

In order to be able to introduce the forces to be transmitted safely into the structural part 3, it is provided that the anchoring elements 23 and 24 have a thickness f, which is advantageously at least 25% of the smallest diameter d, in particular at least 30% of the smallest diameter d. The thickness f of the first anchoring elements 23 is preferably from 40% to 80% of the smallest diameter d. It can be provided that the second anchoring elements 24 have a thickness f that is 40% to 80% of the smallest diameter d. The thickness f is the greatest thickness of the anchoring elements 23, 24. How Fig. 2 shows, the anchor heads 31 have a beveled section 34 with which the section with the diameter g, h merges into the rod 22. The thickness f includes the thickness of the entire beveled section 34.

Fig. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of a thermally insulating component 1, in which buffer elements 29 and 30 made of an elastic material are arranged on the anchoring elements 23, 24. The further structure of the thermally insulating component 1 Fig. 5 corresponds to that of component 1 from the Fig. 2 to 4 . The same reference numerals designate corresponding elements in all figures. The buffer elements 29 and 30 serve to ensure that forces can only be transmitted from the anchoring elements 23, 24 in one direction into the thermally insulating component 1 or from the thermally insulating component 1.

A buffer element 29 is advantageously positioned between the first anchoring element 23 and the insulating body 5 on the side facing the insulating body 5 of the first anchoring element 23. The buffer element 29 ensures that no tensile forces can be transmitted into the structural part 3 from the first anchoring element 23. The arrangement of a buffer element 29 is particularly advantageous if A gap filled with concrete is formed between the anchoring element 23 and the insulating body 5, as in Fig. 5 shown. The buffer element 29 prevents the concrete from chipping off when tensile forces F _Z are introduced into the structural part 3.

A second buffer element 30 is arranged on the side of the second anchoring element 24 facing away from the insulating body 5. The buffer element 30 deforms when compressive forces F _D from the second anchoring element 24 are applied to the structural part 3, so that only tensile forces F _Z can be introduced into the structural part 3 via the second anchoring element 24. This achieves a defined introduction of force. The second force-transmitting elements 14 are advantageously designed identically to the first force-transmitting elements 13. It can also be provided to provide only buffer elements 29 or only buffer elements 30.

Fig. 6 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a thermally insulating component 1, in which the embedding sections 18 and 20 also each carry two anchoring elements 23 and 24. The embedding sections 18 and 20 are designed corresponding to the embedding sections 19 and 21 in the second structural part 3. The dimensions and position of the anchoring elements 23 and 24 in the building parts 2 and 3 can be different. Particularly preferably, each first force-transmitting element 13 has two identical embedding sections 18, 19 and 20, 21, respectively. In the Fig. 6 Second force-transmitting elements 14, not shown, are preferably designed in a corresponding manner. This means that the embedding length e in both building parts 2 and 3 can be increased compared to that in Fig. 1 The state of the art presented can be significantly reduced. To Fig. 6 Features not described advantageously correspond to the features described in the previous exemplary embodiments.

Instead of in the Fig. 2 to 6 shown disk 28 and the anchor head 31, other designs of anchoring elements 23 and / or 24 can also be advantageous. The anchoring elements 23, 24 can in particular be formed by the rod 22.

The Fig. 7 to 9 show a further exemplary embodiment of a thermally insulating component 1. The thermally insulating component 1 largely corresponds to the thermally insulating component 1 described in the previous figures. The same reference numerals designate corresponding elements in all figures. The thermally insulating component 1 has first force-transmitting elements 13 and second force-transmitting elements 14, which carry a first anchoring element 23 in the second structural part 3 near or on the insulating body 5. The first anchoring elements 23 are designed as a disk 28 as in the previous exemplary embodiments. However, a different design can also be advantageous.

The second anchoring elements 24 are formed by parts of a loop 26. The second anchoring elements 24 are therefore formed by the rod 22. A first force-transmitting element 13 and a second force-transmitting element 14 are each formed by a common rod 22, which runs arcuately in the area of the second anchoring elements 24 and the two straight sections of the rod 22, which form the first force-transmitting element 13 and the second force-transmitting element 14 form, connect with each other. The anchoring elements 24 are therefore each formed by half of the loop 26. In Fig. 7 an imaginary parting plane 27 is shown schematically, which divides the loop 26 in the middle between the first force-transmitting element 13 and the second force-transmitting element 14. When determining the projection area of the anchoring elements 24 and thus when determining the anchoring area A, half of the loop 26, i.e. the area up to the schematically illustrated parting plane 27, is taken into account for each anchoring element 24. This is also in Fig. 8 clarified.

The connection of a first force-transmitting element 13 to a second force-transmitting element 14 via a loop 26 simplifies the positioning of the first force-transmitting elements 13 and the second force-transmitting elements 14 in the insulating body 5.

In Fig. 8 the anchoring surfaces A for the anchoring elements 23 and the anchoring elements 24 are shown. The anchoring surfaces A of the anchoring elements 23 can differ from the anchoring surfaces A of the anchoring elements 24. However, anchoring surfaces A of the anchoring elements 23 and 24 that are approximately the same size can also be advantageous.

Fig. 9 shows the arrangement of several first force-transmitting elements 13. The second force-transmitting elements 14 arranged underneath are not visible in the illustration, but are covered by the first force-transmitting elements 13. Fig. 9 also shows the loops 26 and the distance b between adjacent first force-transmitting elements 13 in the direction of the longitudinal central axis 6 of the insulating body 5. The distance b in the direction of the longitudinal central axis 6 can also be used in the exemplary embodiment Fig. 7 to Fig. 9 be individually adapted.

Fig. 10 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a thermally insulating component 1. For elements not described in more detail, reference is made to the description of the previous exemplary embodiments. This in Fig. 10 The illustrated embodiment of a thermally insulating component 1 differs from the previous embodiments in the design of the second anchoring elements 24 of the second embedding sections 19 and 21. The anchoring elements 24 are formed by bent sections 33 of the rod 22. In the anchoring elements 24, the rod 22 runs approximately parallel to the vertical direction 8 of the insulating body 5. In the anchoring elements 24, the rod 22 runs approximately perpendicular to the central plane 11. A different orientation of the bent sections 33 can also be advantageous. In the exemplary embodiment, the length of the bent sections 33 measured in the vertical direction 8 corresponds approximately to the distance a of the central axes 25 of the rods 22 in the area between the anchoring elements 23 and 24. In the exemplary embodiment, the length k is slightly larger than the distance a. The length k is advantageously from 75% to 130% of the distance a.

The force-transmitting elements 13 and 14 are advantageously designed to be identical to one another and arranged mirror-inverted to one another. In the direction of the longitudinal central axis 6, the force-transmitting elements 13 and 14 can rest against one another or be at a small distance from one another. It may be advantageous for the force-transmitting elements 13 and 14 to be connected to one another at the bent sections 33, for example by welding. The connection can be provided to position the force-transmitting elements 13 and 14 relative to one another during transport and installation. In this case, the length k of each bent section 33 is sufficiently large to absorb the forces during installation and to dissipate them into the surrounding concrete. However, it can also be provided that a first force-transmitting element 13 is connected to a second force-transmitting element 14 for transmitting the forces that occur during operation. Such a force-transmitting connection can be, for example, a load-bearing welded connection. The length k can then be smaller than necessary to transmit the forces that occur, since part of the forces to be absorbed is diverted via the connection into the other force-transmitting element 13, 14.

The force-transmitting elements 13 and 14 are advantageously designed to be identical to one another and, after being arranged in the insulating body 5, are connected to one another in a suitable relative position to one another. The position of the force-transmitting elements 13 and 14 relative to one another can be suitably adjusted to the height of the insulating body 5.

Fig. 11 shows a further exemplary embodiment in which the anchoring elements 23 and 24 of each force-transmitting element 13, 14 are identical to one another. In the exemplary embodiment, both anchoring elements 23 and 24 are each formed by a disk 28, which is fixed on the associated rod 22. The fixation can be formed, for example, by a welded connection. Both disks 28 of the anchoring elements 23 and 24 have the same outer diameter g and h and the same thickness f. The first force-transmitting elements 13 and the second force-transmitting Elements 14 are designed identically to one another in this exemplary embodiment. A different design of the first force-transmitting elements 13 and the second force-transmitting elements 14 can also be advantageous. Outer diameter g or h and thickness f are advantageously selected as in the previous exemplary embodiments.

In all exemplary embodiments, the rod 22 runs straight between the anchoring elements 23 and 24. The central axis 25 of the rod 22 forms a straight line in this area. In the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 7 to Fig. 9 and in the exemplary embodiment Fig. 10 is the anchoring element 24 the entire area of the rod 22, the central axis 25 of which is not straight.

Advantageously, in all exemplary embodiments, only the rod 22 extends between the anchoring elements 23 and 24. Further anchoring elements, with the exception of any ribbing provided on the rod 22, are advantageously not provided. This results in a simple structure.

In the case of round anchoring elements 23, 24, the diameter g, h of the anchoring element 23, 24 is advantageously selected so that it corresponds to at least 2.5 times and at most 3.5 times the smallest diameter d of the rod 22.

In the exemplary embodiments, thermally insulating components 1 are shown, which are arranged at the intended position in the structural part 2, 3 before the structural parts 2 and 3 are cast. The embedding sections 18 to 21 are embedded directly on site in the building by casting with in-situ concrete.

It is also known to subsequently arrange structural parts 3 on buildings. This is particularly intended for balconies. It can also be provided that the embedding sections 19, 21 of the second structural part 3 are connected to the embedding sections 18 and 20 in the first structural part 2 via a mechanically produced connection are. As a result, the embedding sections 19, 21 can be embedded during the production of the second building part 3, for example in the prefabricated part factory, and connected to the embedding sections 18, 20 on the first building part 2 on the construction site. In particular, a screw connection is provided to connect the embedding sections 18 and 19 and the embedding sections 20 and 21. The screw connection can be provided in the insulating body 5 or adjacent to the long sides 9 and 10 of the insulating body 5 outside the insulating body 5.

In the exemplary embodiments Fig. 2 to 11 the embedding sections 18 and 19 of the first force-transmitting elements 13 or the embedding sections 20 and 21 of the second force-transmitting elements 14 are formed by a single continuous rod 22 which protrudes through the insulating body 5 and on which all anchoring elements 23 and 24 are fixed or formed . In the exemplary embodiment, all embedding sections 18 to 21 protrude from the insulating body 5.

In all exemplary embodiments, each rod 22 can instead be formed by at least two sections 35 and 36 which are firmly connected to one another. This is exemplary Fig. 12 for a first force-transmitting element 13 shown. The rod 22 has two sections 35 and 36, which are connected to one another via a screw connection 38. A plate 37 is advantageously provided, through which at least one section 35, 36 projects and to which the at least one section 35, 36 is fixed via the screw connections 38. In the exemplary embodiment, the insulating body 5 is recessed in the area of one of the screw connections 38. Alternatively, this area can also be filled with a section of the insulating body 5. Alternatively, the area of the other screw connection 38 can be left out. The plate 37 can be firmly connected to the other of the sections 35, 36. Alternatively, the other of the sections 35, 36 can also be fixed to the plate 37 via at least one screw connection 38.

The section 35 forms the embedding section 18 and the section 36 forms the embedding section 19. In the exemplary embodiment, the screw connection 38 is in the insulating body 5 arranged and the sections 35 and 36 of the rod 22 protrude from the insulating body 5 on opposite sides. However, it can also be provided to arrange the screw connection 38 outside the insulating body 5. In the exemplary embodiment, the second section 36 of the rod 22 carries both anchoring elements 23 and 24. However, it can also be provided that the sections 35 and 36 of the rod 22 are connected to one another between the anchoring elements 23 and 24 and each section 35 and 36 is one of the anchoring elements 23 and 24 wears. An embedding section 19 or 21 can then be formed by both sections 35 and 36 of the rod 22.

The connection of the sections 35 and 36 via a mechanically producible connection is particularly advantageous in order to enable a subsequent connection of the structural parts 2 and 3 after the embedding sections 18 to 21 have been embedded in the structural parts 2 and 3. However, another type of connection of the sections 35 and 36, for example a welded connection or a connection via a casting compound, can also be advantageous.

In all exemplary embodiments, the embedding sections 18 and 19 as well as the embedding sections 20 and 21 can each be designed with a first anchoring element 23 and a second anchoring element 24. The same anchoring elements 23 and 24 can be provided for both embedding sections 18 and 19 as well as 20 and 21. Designing the embedding sections 18, 19 or 20, 21 with different anchoring elements 23, 24 can also be advantageous.

Further advantageous exemplary embodiments result from any combination of the embedding sections of the illustrated exemplary embodiments. An embedding section can be selected depending on the installation situation and the forces to be transmitted.

Claims (13)

Thermally insulating component comprising an insulating body (5) for arrangement in a joint (4) between a first load-bearing structural part (2) and a second load-bearing structural part (3), the insulating body (5) having a first longitudinal side (9) and an opposite second one Long side (10), which are intended for arrangement adjacent to the structural parts (2, 3), the thermally insulating component (1) having force-transmitting elements (13, 14) for transmitting tensile and/or compressive forces, wherein at least one force-transmitting element (13, 14), a first embedding section (18, 20), which is intended for embedding in the first load-bearing structural part (2), and a second embedding section (19, 21), which is intended for embedding in the second load-bearing structural part (3 ) is provided, wherein at least one embedding section (18, 19, 20, 21) comprises a rod (22), the rod (22) having a smallest diameter (d), the embedding section (18, 19, 20, 21) has a first anchoring element (23) and a second anchoring element (24), which are firmly connected to the rod (22) in such a way that the forces to be transmitted between the structural parts (2, 3) via the anchoring elements (23, 24) can be introduced into the structural part (2, 3), the first anchoring element (23) being arranged at a maximum of 2 cm from the insulating body (5), and the second anchoring element (24) being at a distance (c) from the insulating body (5). is arranged, the distance (c) being at least 10 times and at most 20 times the smallest diameter (d), the embedding section (18, 19, 20, 21) having an embedding length (e) which is at most 30 times the smallest diameter (d) is,
characterized in that each first anchoring element (23) of the embedding section (18, 19, 20, 21) has an anchoring surface (A), which is the projection surface perpendicular to the associated long side (9, 10) of the insulating body (5), the Anchoring area (A) is at least 6 times and at most 12 times the cross-sectional area (Q) of the rod (22) at the smallest diameter (d). Component according to claim 1,
characterized in that the component (1) has a central plane (11) which runs parallel to the at least one force-transmitting element (13, 14) at least in the insulating body (5) and contains a longitudinal central axis (6) of the insulating body (5), whereby the component (1) has a plurality of force-transmitting elements (13, 14), all embedding sections (19) of force-transmitting elements (13, 14) which have the two anchoring elements (23, 24) and which are on the same side (15, 16) the central plane (11) are arranged, are designed separately from one another outside the insulating body (5). Component according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the embedding section (19, 21) of a rod (22), which has the two anchoring elements (23, 24), is separated from all embedding sections (19, 21) of other rods (22) which are on the same long side ( 10) of the insulating body (5) and have the two anchoring elements (23, 24). Component according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that the two embedding sections (18, 19, 20, 21) of a force-transmitting element (13, 14) have a single, continuous rod (22) projecting through the insulating body (5), which is separated from the second anchoring element (24 ) extends to the other second anchoring element (24). Component according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that at least one anchoring element (23, 24) is welded to the rod (22). Component according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that at least one anchoring element (23, 24) is designed as a disk (28) or anchor head (31), the thickness (f) of the anchoring element (23, 24) advantageously being at least 25% of the smallest diameter (d). Component according to one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that at least one anchoring element (23, 24) is formed by the rod (22). Component according to claim 7,
characterized in that at least a second anchoring element (24) is formed by part of a loop (26) of the rod (22), the loop (26) being a first force-transmitting element arranged on a first side (15) of the central plane (11). (13) connects to a second force-transmitting element (14) arranged on a second side (16) of the central plane (11). Component according to claim 7 or 8,
characterized in that at least a second anchoring element (24) is formed by a bent section (33) of a rod (22). Component according to one of claims 1 to 9,
characterized in that first force-transmitting elements (13), which are arranged on a first side (15) of the central plane (11), are identical to second ones force-transmitting elements (14), which are arranged on a second side (16) of the central plane (11), are formed. Component according to one of claims 1 to 10,
characterized in that a buffer element (29, 30) made of an elastic material is arranged on at least one anchoring element (23, 24). Component according to claim 11,
characterized in that a buffer element (29) is arranged on at least one first anchoring element (23) on the side facing the insulating body (5). Component according to claim 11 or 12,
characterized in that a buffer element (30) is arranged on at least one second anchoring element (24) on the side facing away from the insulating body (5).

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