EP4244426A1

EP4244426A1 - Apparatus and method for applying single-component or multi-component adhesive to a ballast bed and use

Info

Publication number: EP4244426A1
Application number: EP21839845.1A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Adrian Hürlimann
Original assignee: Huerlimann Railtec AG
Current assignee: Huerlimann Railtec AG
Priority date: 2020-12-14
Filing date: 2021-12-14
Publication date: 2023-09-20
Also published as: CN116964271A; DE202021004316U1; CA3202188A1; JP2023553526A; CH718156A2; AU2021404366A1; DE202021004316U8; US20240044087A1; WO2022129001A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for applying single-component or multi-component adhesive to a ballast bed of a stretch of rails in a rail path, wherein the container(s) for the adhesive and the elements for conveying the adhesive for the purpose of application are mounted on a supply vehicle which can be driven on or adjacent to the rail path, and wherein the adhesive is guided from the supply vehicle via at least one hose to at least one nozzle (29), wherein the apparatus includes a trolley (1), which can be temporarily coupled and secured to a rail (16), and can be moved in a rail-bound manner on same at a selectable, uniform speed independently of the supply vehicle, wherein the trolley (1) supports a boom (22) on which at least one nozzle (29) is mounted, so that a defined depth of penetration of the adhesive can be maintained by means of the apparatus at a uniform running speed of the trolley (1) and defined flow rates of the adhesive depending on the characteristics of the ballast bed and spray pattern.

Description

EQUIPMENT AND PROCEDURE FOR SPRAYING SINGLE-PART OR MULTI-PART ADHESIVE ONTO A BED AND USE

The invention relates to a device for discharging single-component or multi-component adhesive onto a granular mixture, in particular for discharging single-component or multi-component adhesive onto the ballast of a rail line. In the case of two-component adhesives, for example, the two fluid components are conveyed in a controlled manner from storage tanks via two separate feed lines using gear pumps in precisely controllable flow rates via a mixer unit, with the result that a fluid sprayable adhesive mixture is produced. A spray unit with at least one spray nozzle or with a spray bar with several discharge nozzles is used for the targeted discharge of the adhesive mixture onto the ballast bed. One-component adhesives can just as well be used and conveyed with such a device, with exactly the same structural features of the device. The invention also relates to a method for using this device and its use for dispensing adhesives, both two-component and one-component, onto the ballast of a rail track.

[0002] Railroads are now an important component of the infrastructure in both long-distance and local transport. The rail superstructure cannot always cope with the increasing traffic load. With increasing speed, greater traffic loads or higher intensity of use, the weaknesses of the different designs become clear. In addition to regular maintenance, track renewals are necessary measures to cope with the increased demands to become. The ballasted superstructure dominates as the base layer in long-distance traffic. In urban local traffic, on bridges or in tunnels, on the other hand, the formation of a slab track can be found. Adhesive systems offer an efficient problem solution for both types of construction and when connecting different lanes. In the ballasted superstructure as a route, the loosely laid track grid made of rails and sleepers lies in this unbound, compacted ballast bed without any lateral attachment. The ballast bed can absorb significant compressive forces, but can only be displaced to a limited extent when subjected to tensile loads. Adhesive systems quickly and permanently ensure positional stability in difficult areas such as rail joints or points. Special measures to secure the position of the ballast bed are necessary for conversion work and track renewal on multi-track lines. Gluing the shoulders of the ballast with one-component adhesives or even better with two-component resin-hardener mixtures has proven to be an effective method for this. Compared to conventional sheeting measures, the use of a fast-curing adhesive system saves a great deal of time and money. A particularly difficult area for rail tracks is the integration of different designs. Transitions between a ballasted superstructure and a slab track are problematic because of the different settlement behavior. Here, the gradual bonding of the ballast has proven to be an effective measure for aligning different elasticities. Adhesive systems also offer special advantages for this, namely short waiting times until they can be loaded and the adhesive system is very environmentally friendly. In urban local transport, it is primarily slab tracks and grass tracks that determine the appearance of the rail routes. The two-component mixtures also offer efficient detailed solutions for stabilizing, sealing and designing the track systems for these designs.

The gluing of granular mixture is used in a wide variety of areas today. Coarse-grained riprap and gravel are primarily bonded in track construction, while in road construction, in addition to coarse-grained riprap, smaller-grained riprap or chippings are also used. Even finer mixtures are used, for example, when gluing decorative floor coverings. Despite the stabilization by gluing the covering, its water permeability and seepage ability can be maintained. A special The bonding of ballast in track construction is important. For this purpose, two-component adhesives based on polyurethane are mostly used as adhesives today. Such multi-component adhesives based on polyurethane are known in the prior art. Two-component mixtures can be adapted to the respective situation by varying the mixing ratio of resin and hardener during the curing time and achieve a better bonding quality than one-component adhesives, with which a certain compromise is made. However, one-component adhesives are easier to handle, since no mixer is required and only a single pump and line are required for delivery. Devices for the controlled pumping, dosing, mixing together and dispensing of such adhesives, whether they are one-component or two-component adhesives, with the aid of gear pumps, among other things, are known in principle.

Various positive effects are achieved by gluing ballast in track construction. Among other things, it enables the stabilization of the tracks and the reduction of impacts at transitions from the ballasted track to the slab track, for example at tunnel entrances and tunnel exits. For this purpose, the ballast is usually glued over the entire surface, i.e. also under the rails and sleepers. In order to achieve a reduction in the impacts at the transitions between the gravel and solid track, the penetration depth of the bonding to the solid track is gradually increased. By gluing the ballast, the longevity of the routes can be improved in addition to driving comfort, since the stones are prevented from shifting.

Adhesive bonding of the ballast bed in the edge area of a rail track is often of decisive importance if a trench is to be dug near the rail track, or if quite generally next to the rail track as a result of a construction project, for example the laying of another parallel rail track or a building, a retaining wall etc. or because of other structural measures material is to be excavated. To create a new rail track alongside an existing rail track, a channel several meters wide and, for example, 0.5 to 2 meters deep is excavated from the subsoil, on the bottom of which vehicles such as trucks, dumpers, excavators and other machines can move of creating the new track can be used. Because this so-called construction site runs close to the existing track, there is a risk that the ballast bed of the adjacent track will weaken and its load-bearing capacity is threatened. The stability of the ballast bed is of enormous importance so that the rail track can remain in operation and trains can run on it, otherwise trains with their considerable weights would no longer be able to pass this point. As a countermeasure, a deep brace or an auxiliary wall could temporarily ensure stability so that the rail track could continue to be used. However, it is much easier to glue the ballast along the side on which structural changes are to be made which would otherwise significantly weaken the ballast line. By simply gluing the ballast bed to a strip on the side of the route, a stable ballast shoulder can be created extremely quickly. This shoulder proves to be advantageous when laying and maintaining control and signal lines along the tracks, since a trench can easily be dug outside the bonded area and the laid control and signal lines can simply be exposed and replaced thanks to the defined, stable shoulder of the ballast bed of the lines, the trench can be filled in again without affecting the basic shape of the ballast bed. The shoulder of the ballast bed, stabilized by bonding, can still be driven on with the usual loads, despite the trench being dug right next to the rail line. With a professionally bonded gravel path, this can be cut off to a certain extent on the side and, for example, an excavation can be carried out directly next to the gravel bed. Thanks to the bonding, the necessary stability of the gravel track for the usual train travel is retained, which offers enormous advantages. Of course, with the same equipment, the rail line can also be reinforced over its entire width by means of ballast bonding.

[0006] Discharging the adhesives to create such a stable bond, however, requires that the penetration depth of the adhesive into the ballast bed reaches a precisely specified depth everywhere and that the quantity of adhesive is discharged exactly the same at a defined spray width per running meter, with multi-component adhesives, these must always be applied in the correct mixing ratio of the composite adhesive. Next should be such Bonding can be carried out quickly and reliably not just over a few metres, but over larger sections. All the necessary boundary conditions must be adhered to extremely precisely, for example the temperatures of the adhesive components in the case of multi-component adhesives and an absolutely constant, continuously monitored mixing ratio, and also a uniform discharge of the adhesive over the treatment section with a constant speed of the spray jet over the ballast in order to maintain a constant penetration depth into the ballast bed. This is the only way to ensure that the ballast is bonded over a defined depth with a precisely defined amount of adhesive per ballast volume, also depending on the size of the stones in the ballast and the desired penetration depth. Only if these specifications are strictly observed can such a bond be certified in the sense that a railway train of a certain weight may continue to drive on a rail section on the side of which construction measures are being taken, as mentioned above, i.e. trenches for line construction or retaining walls or excavation pits of all kinds be excavated.

According to the prior art, adhesives can be discharged very professionally, as is comprehensively presented in document WO 2018/010860 A1, published on January 18, 2018. The device shown there allows the adhesives to be applied in a dosage with which a specific amount of adhesive is sprayed onto the ballast bed per linear meter, thus ensuring a specific, pre-calculated penetration depth. That is why the procedure carried out with this device is now even certified by the Swiss Federal Railways SBB, which means that its use guarantees that the rail bed will then offer a certain desired load-bearing capacity and can therefore be used as usual by trains weighing several hundred tons. This is not the case if the discharge is carried out as before, only manually using watering cans or hand lances, with manual or motor-driven pumps. For such a manual discharge, the two basic components of a two-component adhesive are carried along, for example, on a railroad car and mixed on it. The mixture is then filled into watering cans or fed directly to the hand lances via a line. 15 liters of adhesive are required to glue one ^m3 of gravel Mixture. When applying using a watering can, only approx. 4 m ³ of gravel can be treated per hour. In addition, the application quality is highly uneven, since it depends on the skill of the person who waters with the watering can or operates the hand lance and thus walks along the railway track. If the adhesive is discharged by hand, there will inevitably be interruptions in the discharge to refill a watering can or to move the supply, i.e. the containers and the machinery for pumping the adhesive to the lance step by step, because these containers and devices are either on a Railcars carried along or transported on the road and set up on the side of the rail section. If for any reason a malfunction occurs, for example a pump does not work properly or breaks down, a single component, which is poisonous in itself, can be sprayed in large quantities, which can have fatal consequences for the groundwater. The components of multi-component adhesives may only be applied thoroughly mixed in the prescribed mixing ratio. The mixture then hardens reliably and no individual component can get into the ground in isolation.

[0008] These problems were successfully overcome with the device and the method according to WO 2018/010860 A1. However, the following restriction remains for the device according to WO 2018/010860 A1 and the method used with it: For the bonding of the ballast bed, a rail vehicle or at least one road vehicle that can optionally travel on rails must always travel on the rail track whose ballast bed is bonded. This requires the rail track to be closed and all work must therefore be closely coordinated with the control center. The facility is therefore only suitable for operations where it is worth temporarily blocking a section of track for train traffic.

The gluing must always take place quickly and determines the penetration depth, because the applied adhesive runs down through the gravel and by immediately sticking together and hardening, the penetration depth is limited. So far, the spreading work has usually had to be carried out outside of traffic hours and often at night, and dry weather is also a prerequisite for the application of the adhesive. It can be seen that there are many boundary conditions and this results in the requirement that a uniform discharge with precisely defined specifications should be carried out reliably by machine and very quickly on site.

If a bond is to be made somewhere on a rail section, for example in a train station, or in places that are difficult to access such as bridges, underpasses or overpasses, or generally in places where the rail track is not accessible from the side with vehicles, it is a special one The challenge is to be able to carry out an even discharge there quickly, if possible in no time at all, i.e. without any interruptions. If you calculate with about 15 liters of adhesive mixture per m ³ of track ballast to be treated, this is sufficient for 4 linear meters with a bed depth of half a meter to be bonded and a bed width of half a meter on the side of the rail, and two 200-liter Barrels are then sufficient for a little more than 100 meters of rail section, because 3.75 liters/running meter are required, and if the bonding is to take place over the full ballast bed width of approx. 4 meters, only a section of approx. 13.3 meters can be bonded in one go will. The formula is: factor x depth x width, for example 1 .5 x 5 mx 0.5 m = 3.75 liters/linear meter, or 1.5 x 5 mx 4 m = 30 liters/linear meter.

A particular challenge for the rapid and controlled dispensing of adhesive - in a perfect mixture of the components in a multi-component adhesive - and with a constant penetration depth over large distances in an instant is the fact that large masses are required for the necessary machinery and the reservoir are. Efficient pumps are required, for example. Furthermore, a self-sufficient energy supply is necessary, both for the pumps and, depending on the situation, for tempering the adhesive to be applied or its components, which must be available in large quantities. And then all these facilities should be able to be moved along a route. It makes sense to carry these devices with a truck along a rail line, but it cannot be driven along the rail so uniformly that the right amount of adhesive per running meter could be reliably applied with a spray bar attached to it. Or a railway car could separately carry the adhesives and the equipment for their tempering, mixing and pumping, but the uniform dispensing of the adhesives directly from one Railway carriage is difficult to implement because it has no drive and has a large dead weight.

Various devices for the controlled mixing together of components to form a defined mixture are known in the prior art, and many problems are convincingly solved with the method and the device according to WO 2018/010860 A1 and the controlled and precise application of adhesives is made for the purpose Bonding of ballast beds along rail lines over many hundred meters in a jiffy, as long as the vehicle is standing on both rails and can be driven on.

In view of this state of the art, the object of the present invention is to create a device and a method that can be used even more quickly and flexibly, so that ballast can be bonded along a rail track depending on the situation without blocking the rail track in question, i.e that the time periods between the passage of trains can be used and regular train traffic can continue without disruption.

The solution to the problem is defined by a device with the features of claim 1, as well as by the method according to claim 12 and by using the device according to claim 15. This complete device can be transported by road or placed on the bills on the spot will. In one embodiment, the vehicle with the entire device for providing and pumping the adhesive or the adhesive components for the adhesive mixture runs essentially parallel to the rail track, independently of the train traffic or in such a way that regular train traffic is not obstructed becomes. For the regular application of adhesive, a trolley or a light rail car is placed on the rails within a very short time, about seconds. This trolley or this rail car carries a boom with at least one spray nozzle. The trolley or this light rail car can be driven electrically at a selectable uniform speed on the rail, whereby the on the trolley or the rail car mounted or molded boom with a mounted thereon at least one spray nozzle travels along the rail at exactly the same uniform speed. This ensures that an adjustable amount of adhesive with a defined spray pattern can be applied per running meter of route, whereby a predefined penetration depth can be maintained. In practice, the trolley or this light rail car can be quickly placed on a rail and put into operation within a few seconds and just as quickly removed from the rail again in order to allow the passage of a train. The rail trolley or the rail car is preferably controlled with a remote control. The driving speeds driven and the GPS coordinates can also be recorded or transmitted live in a cloud and stored. In conjunction with a state-of-the-art conveyor and mixing system with data recording, this makes it possible to carry out a verifiable and therefore calculable and resilient ballast bonding. As a variant, this trolley or this light rail car can also be supplied by a rail car running on a parallel track or the same track instead of by a truck traveling alongside the rails, which is then irregularly gradually pulled along with the spraying device by a light locomotive or a trolley or is pushed along. Only the trolley or this light rail car ensures that the adhesive is applied evenly. Depending on the speed of movement of the nozzles, a defined quantity of adhesive is applied and thus a precisely defined penetration depth is ensured. Either a separate light rail car or a trolley moves steadily forward as a spray trolley on the rail, or the spray nozzles can be moved back and forth uniformly on this rail trolley or spray trolley, so that a predefined penetration depth is ultimately maintained.

With reference to the drawings, this device for producing the bonds of a granular mixture is presented and described and its functions are explained. Then the process that can be carried out with it and the use of the device are described and explained in more detail. For this purpose, the drawings show an example embodiment of the device, and the task and the purpose of the invention are shown and explained using the illustrations. It shows:

FIG. 1: A cut-off, stabilized by previous gluing

Gravel track, which is being passed by a train;

Figure 2: A cut stabilized gravel road along a

track in front of a tunnel portal;

Figure 3: The trolley of the device according to the invention for discharging

Glue on an area next to a rail, seen in perspective from diagonally above and placed on a single rail;

FIG. 4: The trolley of the device according to the invention in a front view and placed on a single rail;

Figure 5a-d: Four snapshots when the trolley is quickly placed on the rail;

FIG. 6: The trolley of the device with the boom mounted on it and a spray bar;

FIG. 7: A self-sufficient trolley of the device with an electronic control unit integrated in the boom, display and keypad as well as a battery in the trolley housing;

Figure 8: The complete device with associated example

Supply vehicle on which all elements for the electrical energy supply and control for the pumps, for the possible mixing of adhesive components and for the controlled discharge of the adhesive or the components of a multi-component adhesive via a hose connection to the boom are available; FIG. 9: The complete facility with the associated supply vehicle, which can be driven here on the rails and on which all the elements for mixing and controlled discharge of the adhesive or the components of a multi-component adhesive are present via a hose connection to the boom;

Figure 10: A trolley in the form of a light rail car on a

Rail shown in elevation with a cantilever for support on the other rail, this trolley having no wheels rolling from below the rail;

FIG. 11: The trolley or the light rail carriage on a rail, with a cantilever for support on the respective other rail according to FIG. 10, shown in a perspective view;

FIG. 12: The trolley or the light rail carriage on a rail, with a cantilever for support on the respective other rail according to FIG. 10 in an enlarged representation;

Figure 13: A trolley to be placed on a single rail in an enlarged view

Depiction;

FIG. 14: The trolley according to FIGS. 10 to 12 is shown in an enlarged elevation;

FIG. 15: The trolley according to FIGS. 10 to 12 alone, shown in elevation and enlarged;

FIG. 16: The trolley according to FIGS. 10 to 12 alone, in a perspective

view shown.

In Figure 1, a bonded layer of ballast bed is shown, namely a just outside along a rail track tapped gravel line, which was previously bonded by spraying a two-component synthetic resin here, so that they forms a quasi-monolithic block. In this state, the gravel track to be excavated can be cut off with an excavator shovel, as shown here, and the bonded shoulder of gravel still remains stable, so that vertical walls can be exposed without the trafficable gravel track losing much of its load-bearing capacity and stability. Whenever, for example, cables or pipes have to be laid along such a rail track, there are major challenges in maintaining the stability of the rail line if trains are to continue to travel on it, i.e. during the installation work for the lines and pipes. Without the possibility of line stabilization according to the present invention, the track would have to be closed to rail traffic, which would mean major restrictions and expensive downtime for the railway operator.

[0017] FIG. 2 shows another gravel path stabilized by bonding and then cut off along a rail track in front of a tunnel portal. As you can see, a ditch often has to be dug over considerable distances, and the problem here is how to stabilize a gravel line over long distances so reliably and safely that it can be certified for use by trains with normal loads. If it is carried out by hand, no one can guarantee the homogeneity of the bond. In addition, gluing by hand is far too slow, labor intensive, imprecise and correspondingly expensive. This is where the present invention comes in and makes it possible in a completely different dimension to bond gravel paths, and indeed much faster and more efficiently, and also completely homogeneously, with a selectable width of the bond that remains exactly the same and with a precisely definable penetration depth of the adhesive over the entire bond. Only such a mechanical discharge of the adhesive can be carried out so precisely that the bonding and stabilization can be certified, so that a railway operator can have the certainty that trains can easily travel on this bonded route without hesitation and are also allowed to do so from an insurance point of view.

The figure 3 shows a rail-driven trolley 1 of the inventive device for placement on a single rail and for discharging adhesive to an area next to the rail. You can see them here in perspective from an angle seen above and placed on a single rail 16, thus in the rail-coupled or rail-bound state. The trolley 1 forms a frame 40 or box inside which wheels 2, 3, 4 are mounted. First, two wheels 2 are arranged on the frame 40 or box so that they face the corner 7 between the rail head 8 and the rail web 9 . For this purpose, in the example shown, the wheels 2 are attached to the trolley 1 so as to be mounted on a fold 5 on one side of the frame 40 . On the opposite side of the frame 40, at least one guide wheel 3 protrudes at right angles to the vertical frame part 6 against the rail web 9 and rolls on this other side or flank of the rail head 8 on it. Two guide wheels 3 are preferably arranged opposite the wheels 2 on this side of the rail head 8 . From above in the frame 40, at least one drivable wheel 4 presses on the rail head 8. For this purpose, the wheel 4 can be pivoted on the frame 40, for example by being mounted between two pivot arms 10, as shown here, which in turn are attached to the frame 40 by a horizontal axis are pivotable and press here spring-loaded down and thus press the wheel 4 with attached trolley 1 on the top of the rail head 8. An electric motor 11 is arranged here on top of the frame 40 of the trolley 1, the output shaft 12 of which drives a ring gear 13 for a roller chain 14 or a toothed wheel for a toothed belt. The roller chain 14 or toothed belt then drives an associated sprocket 15 or gear next to the wheel 4, which is fixedly connected to the same. This enables the trolley 1 to be pushed upwards by the contact force of the drive wheel 4, against the restraining force of the two guide wheels 2, while the at least one outer guide wheel 3 runs on the side of the rail head 8 and, together with the guide wheels 2, the trolley 1 secured against pivoting in any direction. In the example shown, this trolley 1 is designed with two such guide wheels 3 for rolling on the side of the rail head 8 . Your only degree of freedom of movement is the shift in the direction of the rail 16 on which your wheels 2-4 roll. Electronic control of the electric motor 11 makes it possible to ensure a selectable, uniform movement of this trolley 1 on a rail 16 .

4 shows this trolley 1 of the device according to the invention in a front view and placed on a single rail 16. It can be clearly seen here that how the wheels 2, 3, 4 roll on different surfaces of the rail 16. The wheels 2 point into the corner 7 between the rail head 8 and rail web 9. They are attached to the fold 5 of the frame 40, with this fold 5 being aligned inwards and at an oblique angle upwards and the wheels 2 here attached to the fold 5 below are. On the opposite side of the rail 16, at least one guide wheel 3 is guided here between two ears 17, 18 on an axle 19. This guide wheel 3 rolls here on one side of the rail head 8 on the same. For fine adjustment of this guide wheel 3 acting as a support wheel, the two ears 17, 18 can be adjusted here by means of the adjusting screws 42, as indicated by the double arrows, so that the guide wheel 3 can be adapted to possibly varying track head widths. At least one other wheel acts from above, which serves as a drive wheel 4 and which, here, is spring-loaded and rests on the upper side of the rail head 8 and rolls. For this purpose, in the example shown, it is held on the axis 20b between two pivot arms 10 which are attached to the frame 40 and which are articulated on the horizontal axis 20 to pivot on an attachment 21. On one side of the wheel 4 this is equipped with a sprocket 15 or a gear. A roller chain 14 runs over this sprocket 15 here, which runs over another sprocket 13 at the top, which in turn is driven by the output shaft 12 of the electric motor 11 . Instead of a roller chain 14, a toothed belt or a gear transmission can occur in order to transmit the power of the electric motor 11 to the drive wheel 4. From this illustration it can be seen that this trolley 1, that is to say its frame 40 or its housing, can be placed on a rail 16 or lifted off it again very quickly. From the position shown here, it can be lifted off the rail 16 and removed by lifting it on the left side and then unhooking the two wheels 2 by moving the fold 5 or the frame 40 downwards and outwards. Conversely, the trolley 1 with its guide wheels 2 can be quickly hung on the rail 16 and brought into position. First, the two wheels 2 are brought into position with the frame 40 in an inclined position relative to the rail 16 and then the frame 40 is pivoted down counterclockwise in the picture shown until the drive wheel 4 rests on the upper side of the rail head 8 . Then the wheel 3 rests on the other side of the rail head 8 and the trolley 1 is guided stably along the rail. All of the wheels described can be adapted to different rail profile types in terms of position, type and shape. The number of wheels 2, 3, 4 can also vary as long as they can fulfill the function described. Likewise, one or more caterpillars can be used in addition to or instead of the wheels 2, 3, 4, with which the trolley 1 can be driven safely along the rail track 9.

In the figures 5a to 5d the sequence of placing the trolley 1 is shown on the rail 16 in four consecutive sequence images. The trolley 1 is tilted about its longitudinal axis by about 30-40° in a position according to FIG. 5a and guided over the rail 16. Finally, from this position, the guide wheels 2 must be hung below the rail head 8, as indicated by the arrow indicating their intended path. For this purpose, the trolley 1 is lowered in this tilted position, as shown in FIG. 5b, until the guide wheels 2 are below the rail head 8. The wheels 2 are then brought into the corner 7 between the rail head 8 and the rail web 9 with their free side facing the inside of the frame 40 or box, as indicated by the arrow. In the next step, the trolley 1 is swiveled around its longitudinal axis, as shown in Figure 5c and indicated by an arrow, until the drive wheel 4 rests on the upper side of the rail head 8 and then, by virtue of the spring acting on its swivel arms 10, onto the rail head 8 is pressed. In this state, with the drive wheel 4 resting upright on the rail head 8, the guide wheel 3 or - depending on the design, the guide wheels 3 - lies snugly against the side of the rail head 8 and the trolley 1 is held snugly on the rail 16 in a twist-proof manner in every direction, as shown in Figure 5d. The trolley 1 can now only roll back and forth along the rail 16 . The trolley 1 is removed from the rail 16 in exactly the opposite order. The trolley 1 can thus be coupled and secured without the trolley 1 having to be specially adapted to the rail 16 for this purpose. Rather, the trolley 1 is secured against twisting on the rail 16 in each direction and can be moved guided by rails solely by being placed on the rail 16 as described. Likewise, the dismantling of the rail-bound and thus secured trolley 1 only requires lifting it away from the rail 16, in the reverse order to its placement. This placing the trolley 1 on the rail 16 or again lifting the trolley 1 from the rail 16 is a matter of a few seconds and usually does not require more than 5 seconds. It can be carried out by preferably two workers, which means that the personnel expenditure for putting the device according to the invention into operation can be kept very low. The trolley 1 is immediately ready for driving on the rail 16 after touching down, in the forward or reverse direction. These facts are now used for applying adhesive, as will be described below.

In the figure 6, the trolley 1 is placed on the rail 16 and locked on the same to a certain extent, so that it can only be moved along the rail 16 by rolling its guide wheels 2, 3 and the drive wheel 4 on the same. A boom 22 with a spray bar 28 and a swivel arm 23 which extends in the direction of the rail 16 is now further articulated on the trolley 1 . A measuring wheel 24 with a rubber tread is mounted on the front end of this swivel arm 23 . This measuring wheel 24 rests snugly on the upper side of the rail head 8 and with each movement of the trolley 1 on the rail 16 this running wheel 24 rolls exactly on the rail 16 so that it can serve as a measuring wheel. By means of this measuring wheel 24, each displacement of the trolley 1 on the rail 16 can be measured or recorded exactly or with millimeter precision. Wheels 2, 3 and 4 can also be used as measuring wheels by adding a tachometer. In this case, a separate measuring wheel 24 can be dispensed with.

Figure 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the trolley 1 with a boom 22. This is a self-sufficient trolley 1 by having its own battery 42, preferably rechargeable. In the example shown, this is inserted into a battery holder 43 within the frame 40 or housing of the trolley 1 . Furthermore, the electronic control unit is housed inside the boom 22, by means of which the drive of the trolley 1 and the pump delivery of the adhesive or the mixing of its components in the case of a mixed-component adhesive is controlled. The mixing of the adhesive components can also only take place at the spray beam 28 by the mixing units being built into the same. To operate the electronic control unit, a display 44 is installed in the boom 22 here, with the associated keypad 45, to set the desired values for the Enter the driving speed, the driving distance, the mixing ratio for adhesives, and the start and stop of driving and pumping. In addition, a portable electronic device such as a laptop, a tablet or a smartphone can be connected to the electronic control unit, preferably wirelessly. In this case, a display 44 and a keypad 45 are made available by the portable electronic device and inputs can be made via this, with which remote control and remote monitoring is achieved. Finally, the trolley 1 and its boom 22 are preferably equipped with handles 46, 47 so that the trolley 1 can be quickly placed on a rail 16 by just two workers and can be removed from the rail 16 just as quickly if necessary. For this purpose, the movements according to the illustrations in FIGS. 5a to 5d are to be carried out.

On the outer side of the trolley 1, the boom 22 is mounted with two legs here, which protrudes obliquely upwards from the trolley 1 and carries a tube 27 at its end 25 in a bracket 26, which is in this bracket 26 opposite the End 25 of the boom 22 is rotatable. At the bottom, this tube 27 carries a single spray nozzle 29 or, as shown here, a spray beam 28 that can be rotated about the tube axis. The spray bar 28 is equipped with one or more spray nozzles 29-31. A large number of nozzles are optimally arranged on the spray bar 28 in order to produce different spray patterns. In the example shown, the spray bar 28 contains three spray nozzles 29-31. Depending on its rotational position, the ballast bed 32 can be sprayed with adhesive over a more or less large selected width, the adhesive being supplied to the spray nozzles 29-31 via one or more hoses 35 (FIGS. 8, 9). This one hose or these several hoses 35 come from the supply vehicle, which runs essentially parallel next to the rail track for the operation of the trolley 1 . It is necessary to glue this ballast bed 32 to the side of the rails 16 in order to make it stable so that outside of the glued ballast bed 32 the terrain 38 can be cut off vertically and removed in order to dig a trench there or erect a building, or another to lay out a railway line, etc. [0024] FIG. 8 shows the overall situation from a greater distance. In the course of the construction of a building next to the track or a new parallel rail track next to the existing track, the subsoil 33 of the resulting ditch shown here is often used as a so-called construction site after the excavation. Trucks, dumpers, excavators or other machines for the construction of the rail line then operate on this construction track. The supply vehicle 34 can now be used for the bonding of the ballast bed 32 in its left edge area, as shown here as an example in use. Such supply vehicles 34 with all the equipment for carrying adhesive or adhesive components, for the exact mixing of the same and for pumping are already known. In the case of multi-component adhesives, the mixing is preferably carried out by static mixers using gear pumps and the quantity is metered using mass flow meters. This entire device as installed on such a vehicle is described and shown exhaustively in WO 2018/010860 A1. One-component adhesives can also be used immediately with the same equipment without any modifications.

In Figure 8 you can see how the supply vehicle 34 on the construction site 33 along the rail track and supplied via one or more hoses 35, the trolley device 1 with the boom 22 and the spray nozzles 29-31. Cables 36 for the electrical supply and control of the electric motor 11 of the drive wheel 4 also run inside the frame 40 or housing of the trolley 1 from the supply vehicle 34 to the trolley 1 . Further cables 37 lead from the optionally attached measuring wheel 24 or--if designed as measuring wheels--also from the wheels 2, 3, 4 to the electronic control unit, which is preferably carried on board the supply vehicle 34 or is provided by a portable electronic device. The hose connection 35 and the cables 36, 37 are guided here along a pivotable boom 39 which is detachably articulated at the front of the supply vehicle 34. Dragged behind the trolley 1 you can see the measuring wheel 24 or, depending on the design, the wheel 2, 3, 4 acting as a measuring wheel, which transmits reliable data about the travel speed of the trolley 1 to the electronic control unit on the supply vehicle 34 or on the portable electronic device delivers. That Measuring wheel 24 could also be pushed in front of trolley 1 instead of being dragged. Based on this uniform speed, the previously calculated flow rates of the adhesive or the adhesive components are calculated and the pumps are then controlled accordingly using feedback from the mass flow meters. This makes it possible to apply a very precise amount of adhesive per running meter and thereby ensure a previously defined penetration depth into the ballast bed 32 - so certain that this method can even be certified with the aim of ensuring that a ballast bed shoulder 32 bonded in this way has sufficient load-bearing capacity for trains of up to several hundred tons, depending on requirements. After this bonding of the ballast bed shoulder 32, the material 38 can be excavated along the rail line and transported away. This area can therefore be uncovered without risk, while the adjacent rail 16 can still be driven on. Finally, the gluing of the shoulder of the ballast bed should make it possible to cut off and remove the hatched area 38 of the track while maintaining the necessary stability of the track for the trains to pass.

It is obvious that the trolley 1 together with its boom 22 can be placed on a single rail 16 within a few seconds and can then be put into operation and vice versa, if a train is announced, this trolley 1 can just as quickly from the Rail 16 must be taken and removed so that a train can pass the work site unhindered.

The pump technology and the spray material as well as the power supply, etc., in other words, everything that is necessary to cleanly mixed and controlled the adhesive or the multi-component adhesive to convey via hose lines 35 to the rail trolley 1, can not only on be transported along with a vehicle 34 traveling parallel to the track. If there is no hurry and the gluing does not just have to be done in short time windows of, in this case, usually a few minutes, i.e. if a rail is blocked especially for the carrying out of the gluing work, a person standing on the track and traveling with you can just as well Railway wagons transport these facilities for the supply of the trolley 1. This railway car can then be replaced by a locomotive, a trolley or a track excavator in more or less constant distance to the rail trolley 1 pushed behind it or pulled ahead of it. And it goes without saying that these devices can also be transported by a self-propelled two-way vehicle, ie by a vehicle that can be driven both on the road and on rails. This vehicle then supplies the already mixed adhesive or the adhesive components to be mixed to the trolley device 1 via cables 36, 37 and hoses 35 in the same way as a road or off-road vehicle 34 traveling alongside the rail line.

Such a mobile vehicle 48 on rails, here with rail wheels 49 that can be lowered hydraulically if necessary, is shown as an example in FIG. In exactly the same way, such a vehicle 48 can be replaced by a railroad car on which the entire device for temperature control, for pumping and mixing the components of the adhesive is built. This railway carriage also carries the components for the energy supply, for example a combustion engine with a generator and batteries for operating the electric pumps and for heating the adhesive to the ideal temperature. As an alternative, traction current can also be taken from the overhead line and made available for the operation of the facility. Such a railroad car can then run on a parallel track to the track on which the trolley is placed, which is supplied by it with conditioned adhesive via pump hoses 35 and is connected to the trolley via cables 36, 37 for the control and power supply . It is gradually pushed or pulled after the trolley by a handcar or a light locomotive and therefore does not have to move in exactly the same way as trolley 1. If conditions allow, this railroad car can also run on the same track on which trolley 1 is placed. The railroad vehicle in FIG. 9 is then simply replaced by such a railroad car.

The controlled mixing of the multiple adhesive components can optionally also only happen on the rail trolley 1 . To do this, the mixer preferably a static mixer, in which the spray material is mixed, attached directly to the rail trolley 1.

In the figures 10 to 16 an alternative construction of the device is shown, which can also do without wheels that roll from below on the rail head. It is then a light rail car that can be placed on a track by hand. This offers the advantage that the trolley 1 is not hooked into the rail, but can be lifted away from it vertically upwards. To improve stability, it can have a further boom 50 opposite its boom 22 with the spray device, which extends to the opposite rail, on which the boom 50 rests with one or more support wheels 55, so that a light rail car is formed.

The figure 10 shows such a trolley 1 in the form of a light rail car on a rail, with a boom 50 for support on the other rail in an elevation. This trolley 1 or this rail car has no wheels rolling from below on the rail and can therefore be lifted vertically upwards off the rail at any time. Another advantage of this trolley or this rail car is that it can also roll over points, in that the wheels 51, 52 rolling on the side of the rail head can be lifted away briefly, for example pneumatically or electrically, and after passing the points again in be lowered to their initial state for rolling on both sides of the rail head. The boom 22 is equipped with a device 53 for lengthening or shortening the boom 22 and with a device 54 for adjusting the height of the spray bar 28. These devices 53, 54 can be adjusted by an electric motor, pneumatically or hydraulically. A support wheel 55 can be seen at the outer end of the boom 50, with which the boom 50 is supported in a rolling manner on this opposite rail.

The figure 11 shows this rail car according to Figure 10 on a rail, with a boom 50 for support on the respective opposite rail with two support wheels 55 for the outer end of the boom 50 in the example shown. The Figure 12 shows the rail car with its two arms 22 and 50 in an enlarged view. Here you can see the two wheels 51, 52, which roll on both sides of the rail head 8 and thus stabilize the rail car against twisting about its vertical axis. The cantilever 50 with its support on the opposite rail 57 ensures stabilization around the axis along the rail. In a variant, the spray bar 28 can also be installed movably on the rail car. For example, it can be mounted on a boom that extends across the entire width of the rail car, with the spray bar 28 being mounted on this boom so that it can be displaced by a motor, for example by means of an electric drive. In this case, when the rail car is stationary or moving, the spray bar 28 can move back and forth uniformly over the entire width of the ballast bed of a rail line and ensure a uniform penetration depth of the adhesive into the ballast bed. This boom can also be pivotable about a vertical axis, so that it no longer extends across the rail line, for example, but in the longitudinal direction, along the rail. When the rail car is stationary, the spray bar 28 can then move back and forth uniformly along the boom and thus glue a longitudinal section of the lateral ballast bed, i.e. a ballast bed shoulder, with a constant penetration depth of the adhesive.

The figure 13 shows the part of the rail car with the drive, that is to a certain extent its trolley 1, shown separately, in an enlarged and perspective view. Inside are the drive wheels 56 with which the trolley 1 rests on the rail so that all its weight ensures good adhesion. The electric motor 11 for driving them can be seen between the two drive wheels 56, which can also act as measuring wheels.

FIG. 14 shows this trolley according to FIGS. 11 and 12 in an elevation. You can see the electric motor 11 and to the left of it the front drive wheel 56 here, as well as the two guide wheels 51 , 52 which roll on the two sides of the rail head 8 . All this is shown enlarged in FIG. 15, and shown in a perspective view in FIG. Here you can see the drive belt or roller chains 14, via which the electric motor 11 Drive wheels 56 drives. The drive wheels are equipped with a rubber tread 57 to ensure good adhesion.

Overall, the device presented here and the method carried out with it allow the following:

• The controllable, comprehensible, real-time documented and adjustable discharge speed depending on all parameters,

• The controllable, traceable, real-time documented and adjustable application quantity of adhesive per area depending on all parameters;

• The controllable, traceable, real-time documented application range that can be adjusted depending on all parameters;

• In addition, the mixing accuracy is traceable, can be documented in real time, and damage to the environment can be ruled out at any time.

number index

1 trolley

2 guide wheels for the rail head/web corner 7

3 guide wheels on the rail web 9

4 Trolley 1 drive wheel

5 edging for the wheels 2

6 vertical frame part

7 Corner of rail head 8/rail web 9

8 rail head

9 rail web

10 swivel arms for drive wheel 4

11 electric motor

12 output shaft of the electric motor 11

13 Sprocket on output shaft 12

14 roller chain

15 Sprocket on drive wheel 4

16 rail

17 Ear for axis 19 of guide wheel 3

18 Ear for axis 19 of guide wheel 3

19 Axle for guide wheel 3

20a axis through swivel arm 10

20b axis through swivel arm 10 and drive wheel 4

21 Attachment for swivel arms 10

22 outriggers

23 Swivel arm for measuring wheel 24

24 measuring wheel

25 end of boom 22

26 Pipe 27 support

27 Vertical pipe for spray nozzle/pivot bar

28 spray bars

29 spray nozzle

30 spray nozzle spray nozzle

gravel bed

Subsoil/construction slope

supply vehicle

Hoses for glue or glue components

Cable for electric motor 11

Cable from the measuring wheel 24 to the control unit

Area to be cut off and removed

Outrigger on supply vehicle 34

Frame, box, housing of trolley 1

Adjusting screws for adjusting the guide wheel 3

accumulator

Battery holder in trolley 1

Display on boom 22

Keypad to electronic unit and display 44

Handles for carrying the trolley 1

Handles on boom 22 to raise it

Vehicle that can be driven on rails 16

Rail wheels that can be lowered hydraulically onto the rails 16

Outrigger on the trolley towards the opposite rail

Wheel rolling on the outside of the rail head

Wheel rolling on the inside of the rail head

Adjustment unit for the length of the boom 22

Adjustment unit for the height of the spray bar 28

Support wheel on the boom 50 for the opposite rail

drive wheel

Rubber tread of the drive wheels 56

Claims

26

Device for discharging single-component or multi-component adhesive onto a ballast bed (32) of a rail section of a rail line, the container or containers for the adhesive and the elements for conveying for the purpose of discharging the adhesive being on a supply vehicle ( 34, 48) are installed, and wherein the device further includes either a trolley (1) which can be temporarily coupled to and secured on a single rail (16) or a rail carriage which can be placed on the rails or assembled thereon by hand, and which from Supply vehicle (34, 48) can be supplied with adhesive via hose lines (35), with at least one spray nozzle (29-31) being mounted on the trolley (1) or on the rail car, so that the trolley (1) or the rail car or by uniformly moving the spray nozzle (29-31) on the trolley (1) or on the rail enwagen by means of defined flow rates of the adhesive conveyed by the supply vehicle, depending on the nature of the ballast bed (32) and the spray pattern, a defined penetration depth of the adhesive into the ballast bed can be maintained. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the trolley (1) is rail-guided on the same (16) and can be moved independently by the supply vehicle (34, 48) with its own drive at a uniform, selectable speed, the trolley (1) having a boom (22) carries, on which at least one spray nozzle (29-31) is mounted, and which is horizontally and vertically displaceable and pivotable in all directions, so that by means of the device at a uniform travel speed of the trolley (1) and defined flow rates of the adhesive depending on the nature of the Ballast bed (32) and spray pattern a defined penetration depth of the adhesive can be maintained. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that a boom (22) with spray bars (28) is mounted on the rail car, the can be moved horizontally and vertically by a motor and pivoted in all directions and has a large number of spray nozzles (29-31) for generating different spray patterns. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trolley (1) or the rail car can be driven by an electric motor (11) mounted thereon and can be moved on the rail (16) remotely via a portable electronic device and the spray bar (28) can be adjusted vertically and horizontally and swiveled in all directions via remote control. Device according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that an electronic control unit is accommodated in the boom (22) and a display (44) with associated keypad (45) for inputs to the electronic control unit. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trolley (1) or the rail car are configured in such a way that they can be placed on the rail (16) and in the on the rail (16) placed state without further adjustment in any direction a rotation on the rail (16) are secured. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trolley (1) has a boom (5) which extends when the trolley (1) is placed on a rail to the respectively opposite rail (57) and there by means of at least one support wheel ( 55) can be supported on the same, so that a rail car is formed, and that the trolley has wheels (51, 52) which, when placed on a rail, roll on both sides of the rail head (8), and includes at least one drive wheel (56) which carries the weight of the trolley and its trailer (22, 50) and rolls on top of the rail head (8). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trolley (1) includes a frame (40) or a housing on which the trolley is placed on the rail (16). (1) on its underside at an angle to the rail (16) directed guide wheels

(2) are attached, which are intended for rolling in a corner (7) between rail head (8) and rail web (9) of the rail (16), while on the opposite side of the frame (40) or housing at least one guide wheel (3 ) is attached, which is intended to roll off to the side of the rail head (8) when the trolley (1) is placed on the rail (16), and between the above-mentioned guide wheels (2, 3) on the frame (40) or housing at least one drive wheel (4) is grown, which is intended to roll on the rail (16) mounted state of the trolley (1) on the rail head (8) and to drive the trolley (1). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when the trolley (1) or the rail carriage is coupled to the rail (16), the boom (22) projects laterally to the direction of travel of the trolley (1) and a tube (27) attached thereto and a spray bar (28) running transversely to the tube (27) are arranged, which spray bar is equipped with one or more spray nozzles (29-31) and can be rotated on the tube (27), vertically adjustable in height and horizontally in width is slidably mounted, and wherein the boom (22) and / or the frame (40) or housing of the trolley (1) handles (46, 47) are formed to facilitate lifting. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trolley (1) or the rail car has its own battery (42) so that they can be driven independently by remote control, and that the trolley (1) or the rail car is equipped with a measuring wheel (24 ) which is attached to a swivel arm (23) articulated about a horizontal axis on the trolley (1) or the rail car or is integrated in the frame (40) or housing of the trolley (1) or the rail car and which is intended to to roll off the rail (16) when the trolley (1) or the rail car is placed on it, and the measurement data recorded by the measuring wheel (24) can be transmitted electronically. 29 Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the trolley (1) or the rail car has an electronic control unit that is attached to them or can be controlled via a separate portable electronic device, by means of which control unit the driving speed for the process along the rail (16) can be controlled based on feedback from the measuring wheel (24). Method for discharging single-component or multi-component adhesive with a device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the supply vehicle (34) is set up next to the rail line on a railway track or a rail track, then the trolley (1) or the rail car on the parallel running Rail (16) is placed and is moved rail-guided, for applying adhesive to the ballast bed (32), with the supply vehicle (34) driving next to the rail line within reach of the hose line (35), so that the supply vehicle (34) can be reached via the at least a hose line (35) to which at least one spray nozzle is supplied with adhesive, by means of the uniform travel speed of the trolley (1) or the rail car or by uniform movement of the spray nozzles on the moving or stationary trolley (1) or the moving or stationary rail car and the defined flow rates depending on the condition a defined penetration depth of the adhesive is maintained with the ballast bed (32) and spray pattern, and when a train approaches on the rail line, the movement of the trolley (1) or the rail car is stopped and removed from the rail (16) within such short time intervals and so that the rail (16) is released for the train to pass, so that regular train traffic can continue uninterrupted. Method for discharging single-component or multi-component adhesive with a device according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the supply vehicle (48) is placed on a closed rail line, then the trolley (1) or the rail car on the same rail (16) is placed and is moved rail-guided, for applying adhesive to the gravel bed (32), wherein the supply vehicle (48) on the one hand and the 30

Trolley (1) or the rail car are moved one behind the other within reach of the hose line (35), so that the at least one spray nozzle is supplied with adhesive from the supply vehicle (48) via the at least one hose line (35), with the uniform travel speed of the trolley (1) or the rail car and defined flow rates depending on the nature of the ballast bed (32) and spray pattern, a defined penetration depth of the adhesive is maintained. Method according to claim 12, wherein the trolley (1) is run on the rail (16) by previously being placed on the rail (16) by means of opposing guide wheels (2, 3) so that it runs on the same in each direction against one Twisting on the rail (16) is secured. Use of a device according to one of Claims 1 to 11 for gluing sections of the ballast bed (32) of a rail line as an additional module to existing systems which are on trailing or pushed, track-bound or self-propelled, rail-bound vehicles and/or two-way vehicles that can travel on rails and roads or on Rail vehicles are constructed for the controlled application of a single or multi-component adhesive in order to create a calculable and resilient ballast bond.