EP4241035B1 - Halteelement zum halten von wärmeübertragerrohren - Google Patents

Halteelement zum halten von wärmeübertragerrohren

Info

Publication number
EP4241035B1
EP4241035B1 EP21806307.1A EP21806307A EP4241035B1 EP 4241035 B1 EP4241035 B1 EP 4241035B1 EP 21806307 A EP21806307 A EP 21806307A EP 4241035 B1 EP4241035 B1 EP 4241035B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
support element
exchanger tubes
tube
horizontal heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP21806307.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4241035A1 (de
Inventor
Timo Mero
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valmet Technologies Oy
Original Assignee
Valmet Technologies Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valmet Technologies Oy filed Critical Valmet Technologies Oy
Publication of EP4241035A1 publication Critical patent/EP4241035A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4241035B1 publication Critical patent/EP4241035B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D7/082—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration
    • F28D7/085—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration in the form of parallel conduits coupled by bent portions
    • F28D7/087—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag with serpentine or zig-zag configuration in the form of parallel conduits coupled by bent portions assembled in arrays, each array being arranged in the same plane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/20—Supporting arrangements, e.g. for securing water-tube sets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/20—Supporting arrangements, e.g. for securing water-tube sets
    • F22B37/202—Suspension and securing arrangements for contact heating surfaces
    • F22B37/203—Horizontal tubes supported only away from their ends on vertical support tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/20—Supporting arrangements, e.g. for securing water-tube sets
    • F22B37/204—Supporting arrangements for individual tubes, e.g. for securing tubes to a refractory wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F28F9/0132—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by slats, tie-rods, articulated or expandable rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0024—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for combustion apparatus, e.g. for boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F28D21/001—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases for thermal power plants or industrial processes

Definitions

  • the presented solution especially relates to a support element for supporting one or more horizontal heat exchanger tubes.
  • the support element is configured to be supported by and mounted on a vertical support tube.
  • a system including the support element and the vertical support tube is applied in supporting heat exchanger tubes.
  • the presented solution further relates to the use of and a method in the system, both in a flue gas passage of a boiler, the system further including a heat exchanger in the flue gas passage.
  • a steam generator or a boiler provided for combustion of fuel extracts heat energy from hot flue gases by means of heat exchanger placed in a flue gas passage along which the flue gases flow.
  • the heat exchanger may include horizontal heat exchanger tubes that are adapted to pass heat from the hot flue gases to a fluid, a gas, or steam flowing inside the heat exchanger tubes.
  • a conventional method of supporting the horizontal heat exchanger tubes is to provide a vertical support tube, i.e. a stringer tube, extending past and between the horizontal heat exchanger tubes.
  • the vertical support tube has a plurality of supporting arms fixed by welding to it and the horizontal heat exchanger tubes are supported on the supporting arms preventing the horizontal heat exchanger tubes from bending out of line.
  • the vertical support tube is cooled by a liquid or gas, e.g. steam.
  • Support elements for heat exchanger tubes according to the preamble of claim 1 are disclosed in US 1852363 A .
  • the support elements are adapted to be placed on top of each other.
  • a system for supporting heat exchanger tubes including a vertical support tube and a support element mounted on the support tube according to the preamble of claim 5 is disclosed in DE 743474 C . Additional systems are disclosed in US 4848452 A and US 4944254 A .
  • a system for supporting heat exchanger tubes in a flue gas passage of a boiler including a heat exchanger in the flue gas passage, a vertical support tube and a support element mounted on the support tube, according to the preamble of claim 9 and claim 13 is disclosed in US 4100889 .
  • the support element for supporting heat exchanger tubes according to the invention is presented in claim 1.
  • a system for supporting horizontal heat exchanger tubes including a vertical support tube and a support element mounted on the support tube, according to the invention is presented in claim 5.
  • a method in the above-mentioned flue gas passage of a boiler, including a vertical support tube and a support element, the flue gas passage including a heat exchanger, according to the invention is presented in claim 13.
  • the support element according to the above solution is for supporting at least one horizontal heat exchanger tube.
  • the support element is configured to be mounted on a vertical support tube.
  • the support element comprises a main body including a hollow interior extending in a vertical direction through the main body and being configured to surround the vertical support tube passing through the hollow interior, and at least one supporting arm.
  • Each supporting arm extends outwardly from and substantially perpendicular to the main body.
  • Each supporting arm is configured to support at least one of the heat exchanger tubes in such a way that in a vertical direction a downward movement of the heat exchanger tube is prevented.
  • each support element includes a plurality of such supporting arms, e.g. six to thirty-six pieces, for supporting a plurality of horizontal heat exchanger tubes.
  • the system according to the above solution comprises a vertical support tube and one or more of the above-mentioned support elements. Each support element is mounted on the vertical support tube.
  • the support element is configured to rotate around and/or slide along the vertical support tube.
  • the shape of the hollow interior is configured to allow the support element to rotate around a vertical direction about the vertical support tube and/or to slide along the vertical support tube.
  • the vertical support tube is cooled by means of a liquid or gas (e.g. steam) flowing inside the vertical support tube.
  • a liquid or gas e.g. steam
  • the above-mentioned system is applied and used in a flue gas passage of a boiler for supporting at least one heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger includes a group or an element including two or more horizontal heat exchanger tubes.
  • the advantages of the above solution especially relate to the use of the system in a flue gas passage of a boiler and to the method in a flue gas passage of a boiler for removing or replacing the abovementioned group, element, or heat exchanger.
  • the supporting arms are turned away from the horizontal heat exchanger tubes to avoid collisions.
  • the method applies rotational, upward, lateral, and horizontal movements.
  • the presented solution is particularly advantageous and solves the above-mentioned problems.
  • the presently disclosed support element removes the need for a multitude of welds on the vertical support tube that is load bearing.
  • the support element can be replaced with a new one without replacing the vertical support tube.
  • the use of vertical support tubes enables a longer heat exchanger and a wider flue gas passage.
  • the support element can be, for the most part, designed, manufactured, or installed in place separately from the vertical support tube.
  • a plurality of short support elements that may be of uniform structure can be combined to form longer support elements for varying needs.
  • the presented solution facilitates the replacement of a heat exchanger, or a group of the horizontal heat exchanger tubes in the heat exchanger, for example an element of the heat exchanger.
  • a heat exchanger or a group of the horizontal heat exchanger tubes in the heat exchanger, for example an element of the heat exchanger.
  • the element may be problematic, time-consuming, or impossible because the horizontal heat exchanger tubes, or curved tube sections of the horizontal heat exchanger tubes, collide with the adjacent horizontal heat exchanger tubes or the conventional supporting arms fixed to the vertical support tube.
  • the advantage of the presented solution is that that the support element with its supporting arms can be rotated about the vertical support tube in such a way that the supporting arms turn away from the horizontal heat exchanger tubes and may be placed in parallel to them.
  • the lifting and/or lowering of the heat exchanger or the group of the horizontal heat exchanger tubes, or the moving of the group of the horizontal heat exchanger tubes horizontally in a direction parallel to the horizontal heat exchanger tubes is possible without colliding with the adjacent horizontal heat exchanger tubes, or the supporting arms of the support element.
  • the terms “horizontal” and “vertical” refer to the intended operating positions of the device or component in question when installed in place for implementing the functions of the described solution.
  • the terms “horizontal” and “vertical” are used to indicate direction relative to an absolute reference, i.e. ground level.
  • the vertical direction is denoted by an arrow Z and the two orthogonal, horizontal directions are denoted by arrows X and Y.
  • the horizonal directions are orthogonal in relation to the vertical direction.
  • the terms “upper”, “lower”, “on top”, “below”, “upward”, and “downward” relate to the above-mentioned, intended operating positions.
  • the terms “parallel” and “perpendicular” should not be construed to require structures to be absolutely parallel or absolutely perpendicular to each other.
  • the term “opposite” should not be construed to require opposite directions to be absolutely parallel to each other.
  • a steam generator or a boiler 10 in which the present solution may be applied is shown.
  • the boiler may be a part of a power plant, a steam boiler plant, or a hot water boiler plant, adapted for the production of electric energy, steam, and/or heating energy.
  • the boiler 10 includes a furnace 12 for the combustion of fuels and a flue gas channel 16 for conveying flue gases, i.e. combustion product gases, coming from the furnace 12.
  • the boiler 10 may comprise further devices that are relevant for the design in question but are not shown in the figures.
  • the boiler 10 may additionally comprise a cyclone separator 14 connected to the furnace 12 for separating solid particles from the flue gases coming from the furnace 12 and for guiding the flue gases to the flue gas channel 16.
  • the boiler 10 may further comprise a support frame 18 for supporting the furnace 12 and the flue gas channel 16 to the ground.
  • the support frame 18 may include columns 22, supporting beams 24 and/or hangers 26 for supporting the furnace 12 and/or the flue gas channel 16 to the support frame 18.
  • the boiler 10 may be a boiler of CFB (circulating fluidized bed), BFB (bubbling fluidized bed), or grate boiler design.
  • the fuel may be a gas, solid fuel or solid waste from various sources, e.g. municipal waste.
  • the flue gas channel 16 shown in Fig. 1 includes one vertical flue gas passage 60 in which flue gases flow downward.
  • the flue gas channel 16 may include at least one vertical flue gas passage 60, or two or more consecutive vertical flue gas passages 60 in which flue gases flow downward or upward.
  • the flue gas channel 16 may include a horizontal flue gas passage 60 in which flue gases flow horizontally.
  • the vertical flue gas passage 60 may be followed by the horizontal flue gas passage 60.
  • the flue gas channel 16 and the flue gas passage(s) 60 may be at least in part a plate structure and/or made of water tube walls within which a gas, e.g. steam, and/or a liquid, e.g. water, flows for extracting heat from hot flue gases.
  • the heat exchangers 20 of the flue gas channel 16 may include one or more superheaters for superheating steam circulating in the water and steam circulation system of the boiler 10, one or more reheaters for reheating steam, one or more heat exchangers of a boiler bank for heating water-steam mixture, one or more preheaters, e.g. economizers, for preheating water fed to the water circulation system, and/or one or more air heaters for preheating air before feeding the air into the furnace 12.
  • preheaters e.g. economizers
  • the above-mentioned one or more heat exchangers 20 may be supported on the front wall 34 and/or on the back wall 32.
  • the heat exchanger 20 comprises one or more elements each composed of at least two horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 that are parallel, separated by a gap and on top of each other in a vertical direction.
  • the heat exchanger tubes 28 may be connected at their ends by way of a curved tube section 36 in such a way that one or more, for example one to four, separate circuits, each with its own inlet and outlet is formed.
  • the inlets may be connected to a common header reservoir 38 and the outlets may be connected to another header reservoir 40.
  • the header reservoirs 38, 40 may communicate with the water and steam circulation system of the boiler 10.
  • the element represents a group of the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 or forms a part of the heat exchanger 20 or constitutes the heat exchanger 20.
  • the element comprises twentyfour horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 on top of each other.
  • the heat exchanger 20 comprises two or more of the elements that are parallel and adjacent to each other in a horizontal direction in such a way that at least two pairs of the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 on top of each other in a vertical direction is formed.
  • two of the adjacent elements form twenty-four pairs of the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 on top of each other.
  • Similar type header reservoirs 38, 40 may be combined to form a common header reservoir.
  • the at least one vertical support tube 30 may pass through the exchanger 20 in such a way that it extends in a vertical direction and it is located between the adjacent horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 of the pairs on top of each other.
  • the vertical support tube 30 provides additional supporting forces for holding up loads incurred by the heat exchanger tubes 28.
  • the heat exchanger 20 is supported on the at least one vertical support tube 30.
  • a middle section of the heat exchanger 20 is supported on the at least one vertical support tube 30.
  • the vertical support tube 30 is circular and/or formed by a circular pipe.
  • the vertical support tube 30 is made for example from weldable steel.
  • a support element 42 according to the solution is shown in Figs. 3 and 5 .
  • Two embodiments of the support element 42 which may be applied in the present solution are shown in Figs. 3 to 10 .
  • the support element 42 is configured to support at least one of the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28.
  • the support element 42 is configured to be mounted on the vertical support tube 30.
  • the support element 42 is configured to support at least one pair of the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 that are parallel and adjacent to each other in a horizontal direction, e.g. one of the above-mentioned pairs.
  • the support element 42 is configured to be mounted on the vertical support tube 30. Thereby the support element 42 is between the adjacent horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 of the pair.
  • the support element 42 comprises a main body 44 and at least one supporting arm 46 or at least one pair of the supporting arms 46.
  • the main body 44 includes a hollow interior that extends in a vertical direction through the main body 44.
  • the main body 44 is configured to surround the vertical support tube 30 that passes through the hollow interior.
  • the main body 44 may be in the form of a sleeve.
  • the supporting arm 46 extends outwardly from and substantially perpendicular to the main body 44. Each pair of the supporting arms 46 comprises two supporting arms 46 that extend in two opposite directions with respect to each other.
  • Each supporting arm 46 is configured to support at least one of the heat exchanger tubes 28 in such a way that in a vertical direction a downward movement of the heat exchanger tube 28 is prevented.
  • the shape of the hollow interior of the support element 42 may be configured to allow the support element 42 to rotate around a vertical direction about the vertical support tube 30. According to an example shown in Figs. 4 and 8 , the shape is circular, or circular in part as in the example of Figs. 6 and 10 .
  • the shape of the hollow interior of the support element 42 may be configured to allow the support element 42 to slide along the vertical support tube 30.
  • the shape is circular, or circular in part as in the example of Figs. 6 and10.
  • the rotating movement and/or the sliding movement enables the mounting of and facilitates the installation of the support element 42 and/or the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 or are for use during the installation.
  • one of the supporting arms 46 when being installed in place, is adapted to extend into each above-mentioned gap separating two of the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 that are parallel and on top of each other in a vertical direction.
  • the main body 44 is formed by a circular pipe as shown in Figs. 7 and 8 .
  • the main body 44 is made for example from weldable steel.
  • each supporting arm 46 is a sheet structure fixed to the main body 44.
  • the supporting arms 46 are made for example from weldable steel.
  • the main body 44 is formed by two support element parts as shown in Figs. 9 and 10 .
  • Each support element part includes a curved section constituting a part of the main body 44.
  • At least one of the support element parts includes one or more of the supporting arms 46 integrated to the curved section.
  • only one of the support element parts includes the curved section.
  • the cross section of at least one of the support element parts includes a first section and a second section that are transverse to each other and constitute the curved section.
  • the one or more supporting arms 46 are extensions of the second section.
  • the one or more supporting arms 46 are separated from the first section by the second section.
  • the two support element parts are connected to each other, e.g. by welding, to form the main body 44 and the supporting arms 46.
  • the hollow interior of the support element 42 is formed between the two support element parts.
  • the support element parts are made for example from weldable steel.
  • At least one of the support element parts constitutes a bent metal plate.
  • the support element 42 comprises at least two pairs of the supporting arms 46
  • the pairs are one after the other in a vertical direction and the supporting arms 46 extend in the above-mentioned two opposite directions on two opposite sides of the support element 42.
  • the support element 42 comprises two or more of the supporting arms 46 one after the other in a vertical direction, the supporting arms 46 extend in the same direction on a side of the support element 42.
  • the supporting arms 46 are on one side of the support element 42 only or on two opposite sides of the support element 42 only.
  • the spacing of the supporting arms 46 is matched with the spacing of the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 in the heat exchanger 20 or in the above-mentioned elements of the heat exchanger 20, as shown in Figs. 2 , 3 and 5 .
  • each supporting arm 46 may include a retaining lip at an outer end of the supporting arm 46, the retaining lip extending upwardly from the outer end of the supporting arm 46.
  • each supporting arm 46 may have a recess for supporting from below one of the heat exchanger tubes 28 that is located in the recess.
  • the recess may be rounded.
  • the retaining lip extends to a height that is equal to or less than the radius of the horizontal heat exchanger tube 28 that is supported by the supporting arm 46 and has a circular shape.
  • the outer end of the supporting arm 46 is shaped to engage a matching shape on one of the heat exchanger tubes 28.
  • the supporting arm 46 when connected to the matching shape, supports the heat exchanger tube 28.
  • the supporting arm 46 e.g. the lip, the recess, and/or the shape of the supporting arm 46, is configured to support at least one of the heat exchanger tubes 28 in such a way that in a horizontal direction a lateral movement of the heat exchanger tube 28 away from the support tube 30 and off the supporting arm 46 is prevented.
  • the lateral movement is perpendicular to the heat exchanger tube 28.
  • the heat exchanger tubes 28 of the heat exchanger 20 or an element of it are adapted to be moved off the supporting arms 46. This takes place by means of the upward movement or the lateral movement, or a combination of these. The movements are relative in such a way that either the heat exchanger tube 28 or the supporting arm 46, or both, moves.
  • the heat exchanger tubes 28 of the heat exchanger 20 or an element of it are adapted to be moved off the supporting arms 46 by means of the upward movement or the lateral movement as mentioned above, or a rotational movement of the support element 42 together with the supporting arms 46, or a combination of at least two of these movements.
  • the supporting arms 46 are separate from the heat exchanger tubes 28.
  • welds are not provided to connect the supporting arms 46 to the heat exchanger tubes 28.
  • the above-mentioned heat exchanger tubes 28 are, at the location of the supporting arms 46, continuously adapted to be freely moved off the supporting arms 46.
  • the supporting arms 46 are preferably parallel to each other and in a vertical direction located at the same height.
  • the heat exchanger 20 may be supported by one support element 42, or, by at least two support elements 42 on top of each other. In the latter case, the support elements 42 may be separated by a gap or the upper support element 42 rests on the lower support element 42.
  • the one support element 42, the lower support element 42, or the lowest support element 42 may be attached to the vertical support tube 30, for example to prevent the support element(s) 42 from sliding down along the vertical support tube 30.
  • the support element 42 is supported by the vertical support tube 30 when being connected to it or by way of another support element 42 or a component attached the vertical support tube 30.
  • bracket 48 that is fixed, e.g. by welding, to the vertical support tube 30 below the support element(s) 42.
  • the bracket 48 is adapted to support the support element(s) 42 and to prevent the support element(s) 42 from sliding down along the vertical support tube 30.
  • one of the support elements 42 rests on the bracket 48.
  • the bracket 48 may be in the form of a circular ring or sleeve.
  • the support element 42 or the lowermost support element 42 may be fixed, e.g. by welding, to the bracket 48, for preventing the support element 42 from rotating about the vertical support tube 30.
  • the support element 42 may be prevented from rotating with respect to the other corresponding support elements 42, around a vertical direction, and/or around the vertical support tube 30.
  • the main body 44 of the support element 42 comprises a protrusion or a notch in a lower section and/or in an upper section of the main body 44.
  • the protrusion and/or the notch is adapted to settle against a matching protrusion or a matching notch of another one of the support elements 42, the other support element 42 being situated in a vertical direction above or below the support element 42.
  • the protrusion and the notch are configured to prevent the support element 42 from rotating, with respect to the other support element 42, around a vertical direction, and/or the vertical support tube 30.
  • the support element 42 may comprise one or more clamping elements 50 mounted on the support element 42 for tying one or more horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 to the support element 42 and/or to prevent the support element 42 from rotating around the vertical support tube 30.
  • the clamping element 50 is preferably detachable.
  • a clamping element 50 mounted on the main body 44 of the support element 42, for the purpose of preventing the support element 42, or the uppermost support element 42, from rotating around the vertical support tube 30.
  • the clamping element 50 may lean against one or two of the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28.
  • the clamping element 50 extends over at least one of the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 to at least one of the supporting arms 46 on which the at least one horizontal heat exchanger tube 28 is supported.
  • the clamping element 50 engages the at least one supporting arm 46.
  • a plurality of or at least one of the heat exchanger tubes 28 of the above-mentioned element, excluding at least one uppermost horizontal heat exchanger tube 28 of the element, are freely movable as explained above.
  • the uppermost one of the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 is additionally excluded as a special case because there may be no supporting arm 46 above it.
  • the clamping element 50 comprises a cover part 56 adapted to be mounted on the main body 44.
  • the cover part 56 has an opening 52 through which the vertical support tube 30 extends and at least one skirt part 58 including a notch 54 adapted to engage the supporting arm 28.
  • the clamping element 50 is made for example from weldable steel.
  • the support element 42 may comprise a bracket attached to it and which the clamping element 50, for example the cover part 56, engages.
  • the opening 52 may have a notch that settles on the bracket.
  • the support element 42 being rotatably mounted on the vertical support tube 30, the installation of the support element 42 between the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28, the removal of the support element 42 from between the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28, the installation of the heat exchanger 20 or one or more elements of the heat exchanger 20 into the flue gas passage 60, and the removal of the heat exchanger 20 or one or more elements of the heat exchanger 20 from the flue gas passage 60 is facilitated.
  • This facilitation is realized by rotating the support element 42 in such a way that the supporting arms 46 of the support element 42 reach a position in which they are parallel, or substantially parallel, to the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28. This, for example, prevents the supporting arms 46 from colliding with the heat exchanger tubes 28 that are being moved. This rotational movement turns the supporting arms 46 away from the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28.
  • One or more of the above-mentioned movements are utilized in a method in the flue gas passage 60 of the boiler 10 for removing or replacing the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 of the group, the element, or the heat exchanger 20 as described above from the flue gas passage 60.
  • the support element 42 or all the support elements 42 are rotated around a vertical direction about the vertical support tube 30, i.e. the rotational movement is applied.
  • the supporting arms 46 turn away from the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28, thereby moving the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 off the supporting arms 46.
  • the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 are moved from the flue gas passage 60.
  • the moving is brought about by moving the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 horizontally in a direction substantially parallel to the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28.
  • the supporting arms 46 avoid colliding with the curved tube section 36 while being turned away as described above and being moved from the flue gas passage 60.
  • the rotational movement is supplemented by moving the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 off the supporting arms 46 by means of the upward movement or the lateral movement, or both of these movements, as described above.
  • the clamping element 50 as described above is applied on the support element 42 for tying the horizontal heat exchanger tubes 28 to the support element 42.
  • the clamping element 50 is removed before the step of the rotational movement, for allowing the support element 42 to rotate.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Stützelement (42) zum Stützen mindestens eines horizontalen Wärmetauscherrohrs (28), wobei das Stützelement (42) so konfiguriert ist, dass es an einem vertikalen Stützrohr (30) montiert werden kann,
    das Stützelement, umfassend:
    - einen Hauptkörper (44), einschließend einen hohlen Innenraum, der sich in vertikaler Richtung durch den Hauptkörper erstreckt und so konfiguriert ist, dass er das vertikale Stützrohr (30) umgibt, das durch den hohlen Innenraum verläuft, und
    - mindestens einen Stützarm (46), wobei sich der mindestens eine Stützarm vom Hauptkörper (44) nach außen und im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu diesem erstreckt,
    - wobei jeder Stützarm (46) so konfiguriert ist, dass er mindestens ein Wärmetauscherrohr (28) so stützt, dass eine Abwärtsbewegung des Wärmetauscherrohrs in vertikaler Richtung verhindert wird;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    der Hauptkörper (44) Folgendes umfasst:
    - eine Ausbuchtung oder eine Kerbe im unteren oder oberen Bereich des Hauptkörpers,
    - wobei die Ausbuchtung oder die Kerbe so konfiguriert ist, dass sie sich an einer passenden Ausbuchtung oder einer passenden Kerbe eines anderen Stützelements abstützt, das dem Stützelement (42) entspricht und in vertikaler Richtung oberhalb oder unterhalb des Stützelements (42) angeordnet ist, und
    - wobei die Ausbuchtung oder die Kerbe so konfiguriert ist, dass sie verhindert, dass sich das Stützelement (42) in Bezug auf das andere Stützelement um eine vertikale Richtung und das vertikale Stützrohr (30) dreht.
  2. Stützelement nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Stützelement (42) Folgendes umfasst:
    - mindestens zwei Paare der Stützarme (46), die in vertikaler Richtung hintereinander angeordnet sind,
    - wobei sich in jedem Paar die Stützarme in zwei entgegengesetzte Richtungen zueinander erstrecken, nach außen vom Hauptkörper (44) und im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu diesem, und
    - wobei jedes Paar so konfiguriert ist, dass es mindestens ein Paar der horizontalen Wärmetauscherrohre (28) stützt, die parallel und in horizontaler Richtung nebeneinander angeordnet sind.
  3. Stützelement nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das Stützelement Folgendes umfasst:
    - mindestens zwei der Stützarme (46), wobei die Stützarme in vertikaler Richtung hintereinander angeordnet sind,
    - wobei die mindestens zwei Stützarme so konfiguriert sind, dass sie mindestens zwei der horizontalen Wärmetauscherrohre (28) stützen, die parallel, durch einen Spalt voneinander getrennt und in vertikaler Richtung übereinander angeordnet sind.
  4. Stützelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei der Hauptkörper (44) Folgendes umfasst:
    - die Ausbuchtung oder die Kerbe im unteren Abschnitt des Hauptkörpers, die eine erste Ausbuchtung oder eine erste Kerbe bildet,
    - eine weitere Ausbuchtung oder eine weitere Kerbe im oberen Abschnitt des Hauptkörpers, die eine zweite Ausbuchtung oder eine zweite Kerbe bildet,
    - wobei die erste Ausbuchtung oder die erste Kerbe so konfiguriert ist, dass sie sich an der passenden Ausbuchtung oder der passenden Kerbe des anderen Stützelements abstützt, das dem Stützelement entspricht und in vertikaler Richtung unterhalb des Stützelements (42) angeordnet ist,
    - wobei die zweite Ausbuchtung oder die zweite Kerbe so konfiguriert ist, dass sie sich an einer passenden Ausbuchtung oder einer passenden Kerbe eines anderen Stützelements abstützt, das dem Stützelement entspricht und in vertikaler Richtung oberhalb des Stützelements (42) angeordnet ist, und
    - wobei die zweite Ausbuchtung oder die zweite Kerbe so konfiguriert ist, dass sie verhindert, dass sich das Stützelement (42) in Bezug auf das andere Stützelement um eine vertikale Richtung und das vertikale Stützrohr (30) dreht.
  5. System zum Unterstützen horizontaler Wärmetauscherrohre (28),
    das System umfassend:
    - ein vertikales Stützrohr (30),
    - mindestens ein Stützelement (42) nach Anspruch 1, wobei jedes Stützelement an dem vertikalen Stützrohr (30) angebracht ist,
    das Stützelement (42) ferner umfassend:
    - zwei Stützelementteile, wobei (i) jedes Stützelementteil einen Teil des Hauptkörpers (44) bildet oder (ii) jedes Stützelementteil einen gekrümmten Abschnitt aufweist, der einen Teil des Hauptkörpers (44) bildet,
    - wobei mindestens eines der Stützelementteile einen oder mehrere der Stützarme (46) umfasst, die bei Option (i) in das mindestens eine Stützelementteil und bei Option (ii) in den gekrümmten Abschnitt integriert sind,
    - wobei die beiden Stützelementteile miteinander verbunden sind, um den Hauptkörper (44) und in Option II zusätzlich den mindestens einen Stützarm (46) zu bilden, wobei in beiden Optionen der hohle Innenraum zwischen den beiden Stützelementteilen gebildet wird, und
    - wobei bei Option (i) mindestens eines der Stützelementteile aus einem ersten Abschnitt und einem zweiten Abschnitt besteht, die quer zueinander verlaufen, und wobei der eine oder die mehreren Stützarme (46) Verlängerungen des zweiten Abschnitts sind und vom ersten Abschnitt durch den zweiten Abschnitt getrennt sind, und wobei bei Option (ii) mindestens eines der Stützelementteile eine gebogene Metallplatte darstellt.
  6. System nach Anspruch 5, wobei bei Option (i) der erste Abschnitt und der zweite Abschnitt einen gekrümmten Abschnitt bilden.
  7. System nach Anspruch 5, bei dem das mindestens eine Stützelement (42) so angepasst ist, dass es sich um das vertikale Stützrohr (30) dreht, und bei dem die Form des hohlen Innenraums so konfiguriert ist, dass das Stützelement sich um eine vertikale Richtung um das vertikale Stützrohr (30) drehen und entlang des vertikalen Stützrohrs (30) gleiten kann.
  8. System nach Anspruch 5 oder 7, wobei das System Folgendes umfasst
    - mindestens zwei der Stützelemente (42), wobei die Stützelemente getrennt und übereinander auf dem vertikalen Stützrohr (30) angeordnet sind.
  9. Verwenden eines Systems zur Abstützung horizontaler Wärmetauscherrohre (28) in einem Rauchgaskanal eines Kessels (10),
    der Rauchgaskanal (60) einschließend
    - Wände mit einer Vorderwand (32) und einer Rückwand (34), die einen Durchgang (60) für heiße Rauchgase umschließen,
    - einen Wärmetauscher (20), der im Rauchgaskanal angeordnet ist,
    - wobei der Wärmetauscher mindestens zwei horizontale Wärmetauscherrohre (28) einschließt, die parallel und nebeneinander liegen,
    - wobei die mindestens zwei horizontalen Wärmetauscherrohre (28) eine Gruppe von mindestens zwei der horizontalen Wärmetauscherrohre (28) einschließen, die parallel, durch einen Spalt getrennt und in vertikaler Richtung übereinander angeordnet sind, und
    - wobei der Wärmetauscher so konfiguriert ist, dass er Wärme von heißen Rauchgasen, die im Rauchgaskanal(60) strömen, an ein Fluid, ein Gas oder Dampf, das bzw. der im Inneren der Wärmetauscherrohre strömt, weiterleitet, das System einschließend
    - ein vertikales Stützrohr (30),
    - mindestens ein Stützelement (42) nach Anspruch 1, wobei jedes Stützelement an dem vertikalen Stützrohr (30) angebracht ist,
    - wobei die mindestens zwei horizontalen Wärmetauscherrohre von mindestens zwei der Stützarme (46) des mindestens einen Stützelements (42) getragen werden;
    - wobei jedes horizontale Wärmetauscherrohr der Gruppe von einem der Stützarme (46) des mindestens einen Stützelements (42) des Systems getragen wird; und
    - wobei die horizontalen Wärmetauscherrohre (28) der Gruppe geeignet sind, durch eine Drehbewegung des mindestens einen Stütelements (42) von den Stütarmen (46) wegbewegt zu werden.
  10. Verwenden nach Anspruch 9, wobei eine Vielzahl oder mindestens eines der horizontalen Wärmetauscherrohre (28) der Gruppe, mit Ausnahme mindestens eines obersten horizontalen Wärmetauscherrohrs (28) der Gruppe, am Ort des Stützarms (46) kontinuierlich so angepasst ist, dass es frei von den Stützarmen (46) bewegt werden kann.
  11. Verwenden nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, wobei die horizontalen Wärmetauscherrohre (28) der Gruppe so angepasst sind, dass sie durch die Drehbewegung in Kombination mit den Stützarmen (46) mit (i) einer Aufwärtsbewegung der horizontalen Wärmetauscherrohre der Gruppe oder (ii) einer seitlichen Bewegung der horizontalen Wärmetauscherrohre der Gruppe oder (iii) sowohl der Aufwärtsbewegung als auch der seitlichen Bewegung bewegt werden können.
  12. Verwenden nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, wobei sich einer der Stützarme (46) in jeden Spalt erstreckt.
  13. Verfahren in einem Rauchgaskanal eines Kessels (10), der Rauchgaskanal (60) einschließend
    - Wände mit einer Vorderwand (32) und einer Rückwand (34), die einen Durchgang (60) für heiße Rauchgase umschließen,
    - einen Wärmetauscher (20), der im Rauchgaskanal angeordnet ist,
    - wobei der Wärmetauscher (20) eine Gruppe von mindestens zwei horizontalen Wärmetauscherrohren (28) einschließt, die parallel zueinander, durch einen Spalt voneinander getrennt und in vertikaler Richtung übereinander angeordnet sind, und
    - wobei der Wärmetauscher so konfiguriert ist, dass er Wärme von heißen Rauchgasen, die im Rauchgaskanal(60) strömen, an ein Fluid, ein Gas oder Dampf, das bzw. der im Inneren der Wärmetauscherrohre strömt, weiterleitet,
    - wobei der Wärmetauscher zwischen der Vorder- und Rückwand auf mindestens einem vertikalen Stützrohr (30) über mindestens ein auf jedem vertikalen Stützrohr (30) angebrachtes Stützelement (42) nach Anspruch 1 abgestützt ist,
    - wobei jedes horizontale Wärmetauscherrohr der Gruppe von einem der Stützarme (46) des mindestens einen Stützelements (42) getragen wird,
    das Verfahren mindestens umfassend:
    - Drehen des mindestens einen Stützelements (42) um eine vertikale Richtung um das vertikale Stützrohr (30) derart, dass sich die mindestens zwei Stützarme (46) von den horizontalen Wärmetauschern (28) der Gruppe wegdrehen, und
    - Bewegen der horizontalen Wärmetauscherrohre (28) der Gruppe, um die horizontalen Wärmetauscherrohre (28) der Gruppe aus dem Rauchgaskanal zu entfernen oder auszutauschen.
  14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, das Verfahren ferner umfassend:
    - Bewegen der horizontalen Wärmetauscherrohre (28) der Gruppe (i) horizontal in einer Richtung parallel zu den horizontalen Wärmetauscherrohren oder (ii) von den Stützarmen (46) mittels einer Aufwärtsbewegung oder (iii) von den Stützarmen (46) mittels einer seitlichen Bewegung oder (iv) die Stützarme (46) mittels sowohl der Aufwärtsbewegung als auch der seitlichen Bewegung zu entfernen.
  15. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 14, wobei zwei oder mehr der horizontalen Wärmetauscher der Gruppe an ihren Enden über einen gebogenen Rohrabschnitt (36) miteinander verbunden sind.
EP21806307.1A 2020-11-06 2021-11-01 Halteelement zum halten von wärmeübertragerrohren Active EP4241035B1 (de)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US864897A (en) * 1907-02-11 1907-09-03 James E Jones Pipe-hanger.
US1852363A (en) * 1928-06-16 1932-04-05 Whitlock Coil Pipe Company Heat exchanger
US2015328A (en) * 1931-05-06 1935-09-24 Int Comb Eng Corp Superheater support
DE743474C (de) * 1941-04-24 1943-12-27 Ver Kesselwerke Ag Halterungsvorrichtung fuer liegende UEberhitzer
JPS525386B2 (de) * 1973-05-28 1977-02-12
US4100889A (en) * 1977-04-07 1978-07-18 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Band type tube support
US4848452A (en) * 1988-03-28 1989-07-18 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Tube bundle support device
FR2637970B1 (fr) * 1988-10-18 1990-11-23 Stein Industrie Dispositif de suspension de tubes horizontaux d'echange de chaleur sur un tube porteur vertical et procede de fabrication de ce dispositif
JPH0742902A (ja) * 1993-07-29 1995-02-10 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd ボイラの横置伝熱管
JP2000065309A (ja) * 1998-08-20 2000-03-03 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 水平伝熱管の支持装置
KR101822840B1 (ko) * 2017-05-17 2018-01-29 신원기업 주식회사 보일러 슬링 튜브 교체를 위한 튜브 번들 지지구조

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