EP4232278A1 - Procédé de production de pare-brise à distorsion optique réduite - Google Patents
Procédé de production de pare-brise à distorsion optique réduiteInfo
- Publication number
- EP4232278A1 EP4232278A1 EP21787425.4A EP21787425A EP4232278A1 EP 4232278 A1 EP4232278 A1 EP 4232278A1 EP 21787425 A EP21787425 A EP 21787425A EP 4232278 A1 EP4232278 A1 EP 4232278A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- film
- windshield
- wedge angle
- area
- optical device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 96
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006359 acetalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical group CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IRIAEXORFWYRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylbenzyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 IRIAEXORFWYRCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical compound CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004036 acetal group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000468 ketone group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000005340 laminated glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- DLZBUNUDESZERL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-o-heptyl 6-o-nonyl hexanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCCCCCCC DLZBUNUDESZERL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWQRPOCMBMQBTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-ethylhexanoyloxy)ethoxy]ethyl 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)C(CC)CCCC GWQRPOCMBMQBTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GCDUWJFWXVRGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-heptanoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCCC GCDUWJFWXVRGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPMUZECMAFLDQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hexanoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCC WPMUZECMAFLDQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEYLQCXBYFQJRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-ethylbutanoyloxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 2-ethylbutanoate Chemical compound CCC(CC)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(CC)CC JEYLQCXBYFQJRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SSKNCQWPZQCABD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-(2-heptanoyloxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl heptanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCOCCOCCOC(=O)CCCCCC SSKNCQWPZQCABD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPZYYYGYCRFPBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-Hydroxyflavone Chemical compound C=1C(=O)C2=CC(O)=CC=C2OC=1C1=CC=CC=C1 GPZYYYGYCRFPBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJIUNQZHYLBUNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-heptoxy-6-oxohexanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O BJIUNQZHYLBUNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIUGWVWLEGLAGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-nonoxy-6-oxohexanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O OIUGWVWLEGLAGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXKCDRRSQHPBOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-o-cyclohexyl 1-o-hexyl hexanedioate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC1CCCCC1 SXKCDRRSQHPBOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl decanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- CGSLYBDCEGBZCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octicizer Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=O)(OCC(CC)CCCC)OC1=CC=CC=C1 CGSLYBDCEGBZCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRQDZJMEHSJOPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylhexanoate) Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(CC)CCCC FRQDZJMEHSJOPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GTVWRXDRKAHEAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COP(=O)(OCC(CC)CCCC)OCC(CC)CCCC GTVWRXDRKAHEAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000032 aromatic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VVKREWPWSWPBGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid;2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)CO.OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 VVKREWPWSWPBGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZFMQKOWCDKKBIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(3,5-difluorophenyl)phosphane Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=CC(PC=2C=C(F)C=C(F)C=2)=C1 ZFMQKOWCDKKBIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007647 flexography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001023 inorganic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJXOOFXUHZAXLO-UHFFFAOYSA-M magnesium;1-bromo-3-methanidylbenzene;bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[CH2-]C1=CC=CC(Br)=C1 OJXOOFXUHZAXLO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007620 mathematical function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002979 perylenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005553 polystyrene-acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10339—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted
- B32B17/10357—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted comprising a tinted intermediate film
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10247—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons
- B32B17/10256—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons created by printing techniques
- B32B17/10275—Laminated safety glass or glazing containing decorations or patterns for aesthetic reasons created by printing techniques on interlayer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10165—Functional features of the laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10339—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted
- B32B17/10348—Specific parts of the laminated safety glass or glazing being colored or tinted comprising an obscuration band
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10559—Shape of the cross-section
- B32B17/10568—Shape of the cross-section varying in thickness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10651—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising colorants, e.g. dyes or pigments
- B32B17/1066—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising colorants, e.g. dyes or pigments imparting a tint in certain regions only, i.e. shade band
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/1077—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing polyurethane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10788—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing ethylene vinylacetate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
Definitions
- the present invention relates to processes to windshields with reduced optical distortion for operating optical devices.
- the inner glass sheet is generally provided with a non-transparent, mostly black, frame to protect the sealing or the adhesive which mechanically connects the windshield with the chassis from UV radiation.
- a common technique is to silk screen print low melting black glass frit on the glass surface and then sinter this frit at temperatures over 600 °C.
- other sensors and devices are usually mounted behind non-transparent obscuration areas to avoid stray light and to cover the devices form being seen form outside of the vehicle. Such obscuration areas can also be provided by such black frits as disclosed in US20160243796.
- this technique can lead to optical distortion in the glass and thus, be problematic in the operation of optical sensors positioned behind the windshield.
- the polymer interlayer material used for the manufacture of windshields is typically produced in an extrusion process, in which the raw plastic material is melted and formed into a continuous film. The interlayer is then cut from said film. It is known that extrusion lines are being formed in machine direction, i.e. in the direction of the extrusion, during the extrusion leading to an uneven thickness profile of the film. Optimization of the extrusion conditions can lead to a certain degree of improvement of the thickness profile of the film. However, formation of an uneven thickness profile cannot be completely avoided. It has now been found by the current inventors that the optical distortion is caused by a lesser extent by the total variation in the thickness profile of the film.
- the main factor is rather the slope of the local thickness variation.
- optical distortion caused by the interlayer can be significantly reduced by using a process wherein the slope of the local thickness variation is analysed and the cutting position of the film is arranged in a way that the optimum area in terms of slope is chosen for the viewing area of the camera(s).
- Optical devices including optical cameras and LIDAR sensors are usually arranged behind the upper part of the windshield in modern cars in the form of an array.
- the field of view of such optical devices can be surrounded by black obscuration but individual devices can also operate underneath the obscuration zone.
- a viewing area can be defined in the windshield, that encompasses a stripe from the top of the windshield down to the lowest edge of a field of view in the array of cameras and sensors.
- one aspect of the present invention concerns a process for the manufacture of a windshield for use with at least one optical device, said windshield comprising an interlayer between two sheets of glass,
- the at least one optical device operates through a viewing area in the windshield and the viewing area is defined by a horizontal stripe within the windshield with an upper edge defined by a horizontal line 2 cm below the roof-edge of the windshield and a bottom edge defined by a horizontal line within the windshield running 2 cm below the bottom end of the field of view of the optical device being furthest away from the roof-edge of the windshield;
- the interlayer comprises a film A provided with an area Ao of which at least parts are opaque to visible light and an area Ac which is not opaque to visible light, and
- the interlayer further comprises at least one film B comprising a polyvinyl acetal PB and at least one plasticiser WB, wherein film B has a section (S) covering the viewing area; said process comprising the steps of a) prior to lamination, measuring the traverse thickness profile of film B at a certain number of data points; b) calculating the global wedge angle of section (S) from the traverse thickness profile measured in step a); c) calculating the local wedge angle at every data point measured in step a); d) selecting the cutting area of film B based on the calculations in steps b) and c) in a way that the maximum absolute value (local wedge angle - global wedge angle) of section (S) is less than 0.4 mrad; e) cutting film B based on the selection of the cutting area performed in step d), and e) laminating film A and film B together between the two sheets of glass.
- said process comprising the steps of a) prior to lamination, measuring the traverse thickness profile of film B at a certain
- viewing area shall denote that horizontal stripe of the film where, after cutting and lamination, the at least one optical device will be located behind the windshield and is defined as a horizontal stripe between a horizontal line located 2 cm below the roof-edge of the windshield and a horizontal line located 2 cm below the bottom end of the field of view optical device being furthest away from the roof-edge of the windshield.
- the bottom edge of the viewing area is defined as a horizontal line located 2 cm below the lower end of the field of view of the lowest sitting optical device in case there is more than one optical device present.
- the viewing area is defined with an offset of 2 cm below the roof edge and 2 cm below the lowest edge of a viewing window in the array.
- the viewing area is defined by a horizontal stripe within the windshield with an upper edge defined by a horizontal line 2 cm below the roof- edge of the windshield and a bottom edge defined by a horizontal line 27 cm below the roof edge of the windshield.
- the unit “mrad” is the unit for angular measurement and means 1 mm thickness variance over 100 cm length of film.
- visible light shall denote light having wavelengths in the range of 400-800 nm.
- obscuration area refers to any region of the laminate having a light transmission in the visible spectrum of less than 5%.
- the obscuration area may fade out towards transparency.
- at least a part of the obscuration area of the laminate has a light transmission in the visible spectrum of less than 5%.
- Film A is applied to the surface of film B and the surface area of film A is substantially smaller than the surface area of film B.
- a small patch of film A is combined with a film B, which in turn is generally the size of the complete windshield.
- the area of film B which, after lamination, is overlaying with the viewing area of the optical device, for example a camera, shall be denoted as “section (S) ".
- Said section (S) is the area of film B which requires the best optical properties.
- Optical devices are positioned on the inside of the car behind the windshield.
- Optical devices are chosen from digital cameras, range finders, haze meters, target detectors, scanning laser devices (LIDAR) or related devices using electromagnetic radiation from within the UV/VIS and NIR/IR range of the spectrum.
- LIDAR scanning laser devices
- the term "global wedge angle" shall denote the slope of the film over to total of the viewing area from 2 cm below the roof-edge to 2 cm below the bottom end of the field of view of the optical device being furthest away from the roof-edge of the windshield in the vertical direction, i.e. the slope in film B in the viewing area of the windshield.
- the vertical direction of the windshield correspond to the traverse direction of the film when produced by the extrusion process.
- film B would thus have a global wedge angle of 0.
- interlayers can have a wedge-shape to avoid a double-image in the display by reflection from the two glass sheets.
- the global wedge angle of film B can significantly differ from 0 and is generally from 0.15 to 0.80 mrad. In order to measure the slope at a certain position in film B correctly, this global wedge angle is thus subtracted from the local wedge angle to arrive at the absolute value.
- absolute value of a , also referred to as modulus or as the mathematical function
- the maximum absolute value (local wedge angle - global wedge angle) of section (S) is advantageously chosen to be less than 0.35 mrad, more preferably less than 0.30 mrad, most preferably less than 0.25 mrad and especially less than 0.15 mrad.
- the lower limit of maximum absolute value is 0.00001 mrad, preferably 0.0001, more preferably 0.001, most preferably 0.01.
- the term "traverse” shall denote the traverse direction in the film and means the direction with an angle of to the machine direction of the film.
- the machine direction is the direction in the film when the film is produced by extrusion.
- the traverse thickness profile is measured as described below in the experimental section.
- Fig. 1 depicts a windshield with a viewing area for three optical devices.
- Fig. 2 shows the results from the measurement of the traverse thickness profile of a wedge-shape film B with 0.52 mrad as well as the results of the absolute value values (small graph) for a first cutting section as a comparative example.
- Fig. 3 shows the results from the measurement of the traverse thickness profile of a wedge-shape film B with 0.52 mrad as well as the results of the absolute value values (small graph) for a second cutting section according to the invention.
- Fig. 4 shows the results from the measurement of the traverse thickness profile of a flat film B as well as the results of the absolute value values (small graph) for a first cutting section as a comparative example.
- Fig. 5 shows the results from the measurement of the traverse thickness profile of a flat film B as well as the results of the absolute value values (small graph) for a second cutting section according to the invention.
- the traverse thickness profile of film B is measured with a measurement interval of 1 mm between the individual data points.
- the inventive interlayer does not only avoid large peaks of maximum wedge angles in the viewing area but also provides low variation throughout that area, which can be important to avoid double image in transmission for far distanced light points ahead of the car.
- the average absolute value (local wedge angle - global wedge angle) of section (S) is less than 0.15 mrad.
- average absolute value shall denote the arithmetic mean, i.e. the sum of the individual absolute values as divided by the number of value.
- the average absolute value (local wedge angle - global wedge angle) of section (S) is less than 0.1 mrad, more preferably less than 0.05 mrad, even more preferably less than 0.025 mrad.
- the lower limit of absolute value is 0.00001 mrad, preferably 0.0001, more preferably 0.001, most preferably 0.01.
- film A comprises polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene- vinyl acetate (EVA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or a mixture thereof.
- Film A is produced separately from film B (for example extruded or solvent cast) and has either no plasticiser at all or sufficiently small proportion of plasticiser so that subsequent functionalization and processing is not adversely influenced.
- the amount of plasticiser in film A is less than 10 % by weight, more preferably less than 5 % by weight and most preferably less than 2 % by weight.
- the term “prior to lamination” refers to the state of the films A and B prior to having any contact to each other.
- the term refers to the composition of each film separately formed and separately wound to individual rolls.
- the term “prior to lamination” refers to the state for the layers or films before combining them either in the lamination process of the laminated glass or prior to building a stack from the layers used for lamination.
- the opaqueness of area Ao is provided by a printed or coated layer on at least one surface of film A or by a fully colored film A.
- a colored patch of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is especially preferred.
- a fully colored film A means a film A wherein a dye or pigment is added to the polymer mixture before or during extrusion.
- polyvinyl butyral PVB
- a printed or coated region is preferable.
- the printed or coated layer contains an inorganic or organic pigment, which should not dissolve in the polymer matrix and thus resist migration from film A to B.
- pigments preferable carbon black, iron oxides, polyaniline, perylenes or spinel pigments are used.
- the pigments may be dispersed in a carrier fluid like water, alcohol or mixtures of alcohol and water.
- binders like polyvinylalcohol, polyvinylbutyral, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylates, polyurethanes or poly styrene-acrylate may be present.
- Such printing compositions are referred to as “printing inks” or simply “inks” hereinafter.
- Water-based printing inks are preferred over printing inks based on organic solvents since they do not swell or dissolve the film A and/or lead to film defects.
- Printing inks based on organic solvents can be used if the coating is thin and/or the drying step is fast such that the solvent does not migrate into the PVB film.
- the printing inks can be applied via techniques that are commonly known in the printing industry such as ink jet printing, offset printing, rotogravure printing, flexography, and screen-printing, followed usually by a drying step.
- Film B may be any plasticized PVB-film known in the art.
- the film B may contain, in the starting state prior to lamination and/or in a stack prepared for lamination between glass sheets, a single plasticiser as well as mixtures of plasticisers.
- Plasticiser-containing films B used in accordance with the invention contain, in the starting state prior to lamination, at least 22 % by weight, such as 22.0 - 45.0 % by weight, preferably 25.0 - 32.0 % by weight and in particular 26.0 - 30.0 % by weight plasticiser.
- the films A or B preferably contain polyvinyl acetals having a proportion of polyvinyl acetate groups, either identically or differently, of 0.1 to 20 mol %, preferably 0.5 to 3 mol %, or 5 to 8 mol %.
- the thickness of film B in the starting state is 450 - 2500 pm, preferably 600 - 1000 pm, preferably 700 - 900 pm.
- Film B used in accordance with the invention contains polyvinyl acetals, which are produced by acetalisation of polyvinyl alcohol or ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer.
- the films can contain polyvinyl acetals, each having a different polyvinyl alcohol content, degree of acetalisation, residual acetate content, ethylene proportion, molecular weight and/or different chain lengths of the aldehyde of the acetal groups.
- the aldehydes or keto compounds used for the production of the polyvinyl acetals can be linear or branched (that is to say of the "n” or “iso” type) containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms, which leads to corresponding linear or branched acetal groups.
- the polyvinyl acetals are referred to accordingly as “polyvinyl (iso)acetals” or “polyvinyl (n)acetals”.
- the polyvinylacetal used in accordance with the invention results in particular from the reaction of at least one polyvinyl alcohol with one or more aliphatic unbranched keto-compounds containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms.
- n-butyraldehyde is preferably used.
- the polyvinyl alcohols or ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers used to produce the polyvinyl acetals may be identical or different, pure or a mixture of polyvinyl alcohols or ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers with different degree of polymerisation or degree of hydrolysis.
- the polyvinyl acetate content of the polyvinyl acetals can be set by use of a polyvinyl alcohol or ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer saponified to an appropriate degree.
- the polarity of the polyvinyl acetal is influenced by the polyvinyl acetate content, whereby the plasticiser compatibility and the mechanical strength of the respective layer also change. It is also possible to carry out the acetalisation of the polyvinyl alcohols or ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers with a mixture of a number of aldehydes or keto compounds.
- Films A and/or B used in accordance with the invention may contain, as plasticiser, one or more compounds selected from the following groups:
- dialkyl adipates such as dihexyl adipate, dioctyl adipate, hexyl cyclohexyl adipate, mixtures of heptyl adipates and nonyl adipates, diisononyl adipate, heptyl nonyl adipate, and esters of adipic acid with cycloaliphatic ester alcohols or ester alcohols containing ether compounds, dialkyl sebacates, such as dibutyl sebacate, and also esters of sebacic acid with cycloaliphatic ester alcohols or ester alcohols containing ether compounds, esters of phthalic acid, such as butyl benzyl phthalate or bis-2-butoxyethyl phthalate.
- dialkyl adipates such as dihexyl adipate, dioctyl adipate, hexyl cyclohexyl adipate,
- esters or ethers of polyvalent aliphatic or aromatic alcohols or oligo ether glycols with one or more unbranched or branched aliphatic or aromatic substituents for example esters of glycerol, diglycols, triglycols or tetraglycols with linear or branched aliphatic or cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids;
- esters of glycerol, diglycols, triglycols or tetraglycols with linear or branched aliphatic or cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids examples of the latter group include diethylene glycol-bis- (2-ethyl hexanoate), triethylene glycol-bis-(2-ethyl hexanoate), triethylene glycol-bis-(2-ethyl butanoate), tetraethylene glycol-bis-n-heptanoate, triethylene glycol- bis-n-heptanoate, triethylene glycol-bis-n
- phosphates with aliphatic or aromatic ester alcohols such as tris(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate (TOF), triethyl phosphate, diphenyl-2-ethylhexyl phosphate, and/or tricresyl phosphate
- plasticisers are organic liquids having a high boiling point. For this reason, further types of organic liquids having a boiling point above 120 °C can also be used as plasticiser.
- films A and B may contain further additives, such as alkaline or alkaline earth metal salts residual quantities of water, UV absorber, antioxidants, adhesion regulators, optical brighteners or fluorescent additives, stabilisers, colorants, processing aids, inorganic or organic nanoparticles, pyrogenic silicic acid and/or surface active substances.
- additives such as alkaline or alkaline earth metal salts residual quantities of water, UV absorber, antioxidants, adhesion regulators, optical brighteners or fluorescent additives, stabilisers, colorants, processing aids, inorganic or organic nanoparticles, pyrogenic silicic acid and/or surface active substances.
- Cutting film A and film B can be performed by any conventional technique, e.g. by cutting with a die, rotating or stationary blade, water jet, band saw or a laser.
- Film A is combined with film B and optionally any other films in the preferred orientation and subsequently, the windshields are produced by a lamination process known in the art.
- Examples of the lamination process as well as the techniques to apply the obscuration area to film A are also known in the art and can be found inter alia in WO 2019/121535 and WO 2019/038043.
- the invention concerns a windshield for use with at least one optical device, comprising two sheets of glass and an interlayer between the two sheets of glass,
- the at least one optical device operates through a viewing area in the windshield and the viewing area is defined by a horizontal stripe within the windshield with an upper edge defined by a horizontal line 2 cm below the roof-edge of the windshield and a bottom edge defined by a horizontal line within the windshield running 2 cm below the bottom end of the field of view of the optical device being furthest away from the roof-edge of the windshield;
- the interlayer comprises a film A provided with an area Ao of which at least parts are opaque to visible light and an area Ac which is not opaque to visible light, and
- the interlayer further comprises at least one film B comprising a polyvinyl acetal PB and at least one plasticiser WB, wherein film B has a section (S) covering the viewing area with a maximum absolute value (local wedge angle - global wedge angle) of less than 0.4 mrad.
- the maximum absolute value (local wedge angle - global wedge angle) of section (S) is less than 0.3 mrad, more preferably less than 0.20 mrad.
- the lower limit of the maximum absolute value is 0.00001 mrad, preferably 0.0001, more preferably 0.001, most preferably 0.01.
- the opaqueness of area Ao is provided by a printed or coated layer on at least one surface of film A or by a fully colored film A.
- the at least one optical device is chosen from digital cameras, range finders, haze meters, rain sensors, target detectors, scanning laser devices (LIDAR) or related devices using electromagnetic radiation from within the UV/VIS and NIR/IR range of the spectrum.
- LIDAR scanning laser devices
- film A comprises polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or a combination thereof.
- PVB polyvinyl butyral
- EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate
- TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PVB resin powder (commercial grade Mowital® B60H of Kuraray Europe GmbH) was fed to the inlet funnel of a lab-extruder of the co- rotating twin screw type.
- the melt was extruded from a 34 cm wide slit die onto a cooled chill roll to form and subsequently wind thin plasticizer free films in a width of 30 cm with a thickness of 50 pm within a tolerance of 3%.
- the film was printed using a water-based printing ink suitable for flexographic printing based on polyurethane as binder and carbon black as pigment, commercially available from Siegwerk Druckmaschine AG&Co KGaA, Siegburg. The necessary opaqueness was achieved by consecutive printing steps.
- Optical distortion can be measured using a LABSCAN-SCREEN system from ISRA VISION on a laminated windshield under an inclination angle of 60°.
- a test portion of film B was allowed to relax in a clean and controlled environment (20 °C, 28% relative air humidity) for 24 h.
- a 10 cm wide strip was cut in traverse direction over the complete width of film B.
- the end of the strip designated to be positioned at the top of the windshield was marked.
- the traverse thickness profile of the strip of film B was measured using a Vollmer VDM measurement station of Friedrich Vollmer Feinmessgeratebau GmbH, Hagen. This measurement station uses two tactile transducers for the measurement and is equipped to digitally record x,y thickness data. Calculating a moving average from the semi continuous raw data, the traverse thickness profile with a measurement interval of 1 mm was obtained.
- the local wedge angle was measured for each individual data point wherein the individual data points are 1 mm apart from one another.
- the local wedge angle at each data point was calculated using the previous and the following 20 data points, i.e. in a periphery of a total of 41 mm, using the slope function provided in Excel® 2016 from Microsoft corporation. Said periphery is used to evaluate the local wedge angle within a typical window of field of view of modern camera systems.
- film B was cut from the film roll according to the invention to optimize the absolute value (local wedge angle - global wedge angle) across section (s).
- a laminated glass can be produced using the following procedure: film A and film B were stored in a conditioned area having a constant climate of 23 °C / 28 % RH. Test laminates were obtained by combining thin clear glass (2 x Planiclear® 2.1 mm) cleaned with deionized water ( ⁇ 5 pS) on a flat glass-washing machine with the film A and B in the following lay-up order: bottom glass (tin side)
Landscapes
- Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
Abstract
La présente invention concerne des pare-brise présentant une zone d'obscurcissement à distorsion optique réduite permettant de faire fonctionner des dispositifs optiques.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20203783.4A EP3988295A1 (fr) | 2020-10-26 | 2020-10-26 | Procédé de production de pare-brise à distorsion optique réduite |
PCT/EP2021/077553 WO2022089901A1 (fr) | 2020-10-26 | 2021-10-06 | Procédé de production de pare-brise à distorsion optique réduite |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4232278A1 true EP4232278A1 (fr) | 2023-08-30 |
Family
ID=73014426
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20203783.4A Withdrawn EP3988295A1 (fr) | 2020-10-26 | 2020-10-26 | Procédé de production de pare-brise à distorsion optique réduite |
EP21787425.4A Pending EP4232278A1 (fr) | 2020-10-26 | 2021-10-06 | Procédé de production de pare-brise à distorsion optique réduite |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20203783.4A Withdrawn EP3988295A1 (fr) | 2020-10-26 | 2020-10-26 | Procédé de production de pare-brise à distorsion optique réduite |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP3988295A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2022089901A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2024071340A1 (fr) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-04-04 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | Film intercalaire de verre feuilleté, verre feuilleté et leur procédé de fabrication |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH11255540A (ja) * | 1992-04-22 | 1999-09-21 | Bridgestone Corp | 合わせガラス |
GB0817654D0 (en) * | 2008-09-26 | 2008-11-05 | Pilkington Automotive Deutschland Gmbh | Laminated glazing |
FR2951544A1 (fr) * | 2009-10-21 | 2011-04-22 | Saint Gobain | Procede d'analyse de la qualite d'un vitrage |
US20150251377A1 (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2015-09-10 | Corning Incorporated | Glass laminate structures for head-up display system |
US9623634B2 (en) | 2015-02-19 | 2017-04-18 | Agp America S.A. | Obscuration having superior strength and optical quality for a laminated automotive windshield |
CN110944835A (zh) | 2017-08-25 | 2020-03-31 | 可乐丽欧洲有限责任公司 | 包含具有着色框的夹层膜层的层压玻璃 |
KR20200102468A (ko) | 2017-12-22 | 2020-08-31 | 쿠라라이 유럽 게엠베하 | 임베딩된 투명 영역들을 갖는 엄폐 영역들을 갖는 라미네이팅된 유리 |
MX2021003957A (es) * | 2018-10-09 | 2021-05-27 | Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd | Pelicula intermedia para vidrio laminado y vidrio laminado. |
-
2020
- 2020-10-26 EP EP20203783.4A patent/EP3988295A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2021
- 2021-10-06 EP EP21787425.4A patent/EP4232278A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-10-06 WO PCT/EP2021/077553 patent/WO2022089901A1/fr unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3988295A1 (fr) | 2022-04-27 |
WO2022089901A1 (fr) | 2022-05-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US11396160B2 (en) | Laminated glass comprising interlayer film layers with a pigmented frame | |
JP7362616B2 (ja) | 透明領域が埋め込まれたオブスキュレーション領域を有する合わせガラス | |
EP3831594A1 (fr) | Pare-brises dotés d'une zone d'obscurcissement avec réduction de la distorsion optique | |
JP6152496B1 (ja) | 合わせガラス用中間膜、ロール体及び合わせガラス | |
JP6698427B2 (ja) | 接着性が低減され、かつ可塑剤含分が低い中間フィルム層を用いて作製された、耐貫通性合わせガラス | |
EP3988295A1 (fr) | Procédé de production de pare-brise à distorsion optique réduite | |
TWI781097B (zh) | 層合玻璃用中間膜及層合玻璃 | |
WO2020173832A1 (fr) | Verre feuilleté comprenant des couches de film intercouche présentant une région colorée | |
EP4149757B1 (fr) | Films intercalaires imprimés pour vitrage feuilleté présentant une meilleure transparence dans le proche infrarouge | |
US20230332020A1 (en) | Composite films with an obscuration area | |
US20220152985A1 (en) | Laminated glass having areas with different refractive indices | |
EP3797957A1 (fr) | Appareil permettant de mesurer un parametre optique d'un vitrage stratifie | |
EP3815893A1 (fr) | Verre stratifié comportant un film intermédiaire utilisant un acétal de polyvinyle ayant une teneur en alcool polyvinylique améliorée | |
EP4223497A1 (fr) | Couches intermédiaires dotées d'une zone d'obscurcissement | |
US20220363037A1 (en) | Laminated glass comprising an interlayer film with ink applied thereon |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20230519 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) |