EP4220023A1 - Regelung des von einem luftabzugs- oder -einblaslüfter abgegebenen drucks in einer belüftungsanlage - Google Patents

Regelung des von einem luftabzugs- oder -einblaslüfter abgegebenen drucks in einer belüftungsanlage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4220023A1
EP4220023A1 EP22211975.2A EP22211975A EP4220023A1 EP 4220023 A1 EP4220023 A1 EP 4220023A1 EP 22211975 A EP22211975 A EP 22211975A EP 4220023 A1 EP4220023 A1 EP 4220023A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
extraction
fan
flow regulator
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22211975.2A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hector BRAVO
Vincent Aucouturier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atlantic Climatisation Et Traitement D'air Industrie
Original Assignee
Atlantic Climatisation Et Traitement D'air Industrie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atlantic Climatisation Et Traitement D'air Industrie filed Critical Atlantic Climatisation Et Traitement D'air Industrie
Publication of EP4220023A1 publication Critical patent/EP4220023A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/77—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by controlling the speed of ventilators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
    • F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit

Definitions

  • a non-limiting example of known residential ventilation installation comprises a ventilation system comprising a fan 1 for extracting an air flow, preferably placed in a volute of a central box 2 comprising a number N of taps air inlet such as the three air inlet tappings 3 1 , 3 2 , 3 3 visible on the figure 1 , each connected to a first end of an air extraction duct 4 1 , 4 2 , 4 3 , a plurality of air extraction vents such as the three extraction vents 5 1 , 5 2 , 5 3 each connected to the other end of an extraction duct, and at least one rejection device 6 such as a roof cap, connected to an outlet 7 of the central box 2 via a rejection duct 8.
  • a ventilation system comprising a fan 1 for extracting an air flow, preferably placed in a volute of a central box 2 comprising a number N of taps air inlet such as the three air inlet tappings 3 1 , 3 2 , 3 3 visible on the figure 1 , each connected to a first end of
  • the extraction ducts equipped with extraction vents lead, for example, into wet rooms (bathroom, toilets, kitchen) and are made up of mechanical parts that can adapt the opening (or passage section) of the air according to one or more parameters such as, without limitation, the humidity level of the room, the detection of the presence of a person, or by any mechanical action (kitchen pull, etc.).
  • the air extraction fan 1 and the extraction vents are generally independent of each other.
  • the air extraction fan 1 extracts an overall air flow by providing the vents with an overall pressure allowing them to operate at the correct extraction flow.
  • Each extraction vent constitutes a flow regulator with adjustable passage opening which operates by modifying the passage section of the air entering the corresponding duct according to humidity or customer needs without taking into account the state of the centralized exhaust fan 1. In a so-called jump speed system depending on the flow, the system can detect a variation in the flow and adapt the speed of the fan 1 in order to modify the pressure available for the vents.
  • the choice of the pressure available for an extraction valve is generally defined so that it can regulate the necessary flow rates whatever the conditions of the installation and the needs of the other valves. This can lead to overconsumption of the fan's motorized turbine and unnecessary pressure drops in the aeraulic network.
  • the extraction mouths 5 1 , 5 2 , 5 3 of the figure 1 are replaced by mouths 5 1 ′ , 5 2 ′ And 5 3 ′ whose function is purely aesthetic, and the flow regulators with adjustable passage opening are constituted by registers 5 1 " , 5 2 " And 5 3 " each comprising a movable flap, and placed inside the air inlet tappings of the central box 2.
  • Each damper will adjust the position of the flap in order to meet the extraction rate requirement of the room to which it is connected via the extraction duct, depending on information from sensors such as, but not limited to, humidity sensors, VOCs, etc.
  • the static pressure supplied by the fan is generally regulated to remain constant, but this does not necessarily constitute optimum operation since the dampers must compensate for the excess pressure by maintaining smaller openings, thus creating load loss.
  • the value of the minimum static pressure is then determined as being the maximum pressure among the theoretical necessary pressure values calculated for all the ducts of the installation.
  • the method continues by calculating, for each regulation valve, the opening position making it possible to obtain, for this minimum static pressure thus determined, the air flow required per duct, then by controlling the regulation valves to that they are positioned at the calculated opening positions.
  • pressure regulation is carried out using the calculated minimum pressure as set point and the pressure measured in the common trunk as a measure.
  • a main drawback of the method described in the previous document is that it is sequential and requires determining the value of the minimum static pressure each time the ventilation needs change before being able to act on the opening positions of the control valves. .
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the limitations of the prior art by proposing a simple solution making it possible to automatically adapt the pressure supplied by the fan to its minimum, and without having to calculate it beforehand.
  • the step of adjusting the pressure supplied consists of controlling said supplied pressure in a closed loop by adjusting the speed of rotation of the turbine of the extraction or air blowing fan to reduce the difference between a measurement of said supplied pressure and a pressure setpoint depending on a current open position Pos ref of the reference flow regulator.
  • said pressure setpoint is slaved to reduce a difference between the current open position Pos ref of the reference flow regulator and a predefined setpoint CPOS.
  • said pressure setpoint is determined by fuzzy logic as a function of the current opening position Pos ref of the reference flow regulator and a current rotational speed of the turbine of the extraction or insufflation fan d 'air.
  • Said maximum passage opening predefined for the reference flow regulator is preferably less than the maximum opening that the reference flow regulator can reach.
  • Said maximum passage opening predefined for the reference flow regulator is advantageously between 90% and 98% of the maximum opening that the reference flow regulator can reach.
  • the passage opening modulation and the steps of determining the reference flow regulator and adjusting the pressure supplied by the air extraction or supply fan are repeated each time. variation of the pressure supplied by the air extraction or blowing fan and/or each variation of a flow set point per duct corresponding to a need for extraction or air blowing per duct.
  • Each flow regulator can be an air extraction or insufflation mouth arranged at a second end of the corresponding air extraction or insufflation duct.
  • each flow regulator is a register arranged inside the corresponding air inlet or outlet tapping of said central box.
  • the invention is also applicable to the case where the flow regulators with adjustable passage opening are air extraction or blowing vents as shown diagrammatically in the figure 1 .
  • the pressure sensor can for example have a measurement point placed between the roof of the extraction fan 1 and the air inlet tappings and another measurement point outside to measure the atmospheric pressure P 0 serving as reference.
  • the sensors able to determine the ventilation needs are preferably placed in the tappings of the central box 2, for example connected to an electronic card associated with each damper and configured to drive the damper motor and modulate the damper opening position.
  • These sensors can be capable of detecting the humidity level, the CO 2 level, the presence of a person, and/or any parameters capable of providing information on the quality of the air.
  • the invention is based on the principle of elementary physics which demonstrates that, in order to operate a ventilation installation permanently at an optimum pressure which is a compromise between the need for air renewal in the building, the electrical consumption of the ventilation system ventilation and heat losses, it suffices to have the least pressure drop possible in the installation, which amounts to reducing the available pressure to a minimum, while satisfying the necessary flow rate criteria defined by the regulations.
  • each extraction branch (each branch comprising an extraction sheath and, at the two ends of the sheath, an extraction mouth and an extraction damper), and on the other hand, of the or rejection branches (each rejection branch comprising a rejection sheath and a roof cap).
  • the air extraction fan 1 is a fan whose turbine rotates at variable and controllable speed.
  • the search for an optimum in the pressure P ⁇ provided by the fan 1 consists, in accordance with the invention, in ensuring that at least one of the registers (or more generally one of the flow regulators) of the installation is maintained at the widest possible opening while ensuring that all flow requirements per duct are met.
  • a method 100 for regulating the pressure supplied by the air extraction fan 1 at the level of the central box 2 essentially comprises, in accordance with the invention, the steps summarized below, controlled by a controller preferably carried by the main electronic card, the latter being advantageously positioned inside the central box 2:
  • each register 5 I " is modulated so that a flow rate Q i passing through each damper tends towards a flow rate set point CQ i per duct corresponding to a need for extracting or blowing air per duct, for a current pressure P - supplied by the fan 1 extraction, measured by the pressure sensor.
  • This step 101 conventionally comprises the determination of the air flow passing through each damper, the comparison of this determined air flow with the flow set point per duct, and the modulation of the closing of the passage opening according to the result. of the comparison. For example, if the damper is of the type having a movable flap in rotation to more or less close the passage opening, the modulation will consist in controlling the rotation of the flap.
  • method 100 further comprises, in accordance with the invention, the following steps:
  • step 102 the register which has the largest passage opening at the end of step 101 is determined among the N registers. This register thus determined will constitute a reference register for the next step.
  • the pressure supplied by the air extraction fan 1 is then adjusted to tend to obtain, for the reference register determined in step 102, a passage opening of the reference register corresponding to a predefined maximum passage opening, while respecting the flow set point for the duct associated with this reference damper.
  • step 103 consists in checking, during a step 103a, whether a current open position Pos ref occupied by the reference register corresponds to a set position, or at the very least is between a high level and a defined low level, and to make an adjustment 103b (namely an increase or a decrease) of the pressure supplied by the fan 1 for extracting or insufflating air as long as the condition of the step 103a is not verified.
  • Steps 101 to 103 are repeated preferably at each pressure variation supplied by the air extraction fan 1 and/or at each variation a flow setpoint per duct corresponding to a new air extraction need.
  • the flow setpoint CQ i per duct is determined according to the needs to satisfy the renewal of air in the rooms concerned. It may be the result of control laws taking into account the measurements made by the various sensors.
  • the function f is determined by experimentation.
  • the function f can be a polynomial regression, a function of point interpolations (“mapping”), an equation resulting from fluid dynamics or any other form of mathematical calculation making it possible to obtain the position of the register.
  • the values of the pressure drop coefficients k i associated with each extraction duct 4 i have been determined beforehand and stored in a memory of the main electronic board.
  • Each calculated value Pos i is communicated to the register concerned 5 I " so that its closure means adopts this position.
  • the main electronic card and the electronic cards associated with each register carry communication means capable of exchanging information over a communication link, preferably a Bus link.
  • the communication link is preferably wireless between the main electronic card and the electronic cards associated with each outlet.
  • Function block 20 represents the reference register determination made in step 102 of the figure 4 , which corresponds to the register which has the greatest passage opening at the moment in question.
  • Stage 103 of the figure 4 is here implemented by a closed-loop control 30 of the pressure P - supplied by the fan 1 which adjusts, by a command U, the speed of rotation of the turbine of the fan 1 to reduce the difference ⁇ between a measurement of the pressure P - and a pressure setpoint W itself adjusted, at the level of a functional block referenced 40 on the figure 5 , to obtain, from the opening position Pos ref occupied by the reference register and determined in step 102, an opening position Pos max ref corresponding to a predefined maximum passage opening, while respecting the flow rate setpoint CQ ref for the duct associated with this reference damper.
  • the corrector 31 used in the closed-loop servo-control 30 can be a proportional corrector, a proportional-integrator corrector, a proportional Integrator-Derivative corrector, an RST regulator, a control corrector by state feedback, a predictive control corrector or any other known corrector.
  • the preset maximum open position Pos max ref is preferably lower than the maximum open position actually attainable for the reference register. Indeed, when a damper is completely open, it is at its maximum saturation position for which it can no longer be considered that there is perfect equality between the setpoint CQ i and the actual flow rate Q i so that the relationship (4) above would not be accurate.
  • the predefined maximum opening position Pos max ref is preferably greater than or equal to a low level set for example at 90% opening, and less than or equal to a high level set for example at 98% opening.
  • any damper will adapt its opening position according to the pressure P - available (function block 10 and step 101).
  • the pressure P ⁇ decreases
  • both the reference damper and the other dampers will increase their passage opening to maintain the flow rate corresponding to the flow setpoint associated with their branch.
  • the dampers must reduce their passage opening to maintain the flow corresponding to the flow set point.
  • the functional block 40 can be realized by using an adjustment by level of thresholds, as schematized on the figure 6 .
  • the aforementioned high level and low level correspond to the activation thresholds for the increase, respectively, of the decrease, of the pressure setpoint W.
  • An increase slope 41 and a decrease slope 42 are in also used to apply an increase in the setpoint W or a decrease in the setpoint W depending on whether the current open position Pos ref occupied by the reference register is greater than the high level, respectively less than the low level.
  • These slopes 41 and 42 both have the dimension of a setpoint over time (for example an increase/decrease of 5 Pascals per minute).
  • the high level, the low level and the two slopes 41, 42 thus constitute the adjustment parameters of the pressure setpoint W.
  • a limiter 43 is advantageously used to ensure that the setpoint W remains within the capacity limits of the air extraction fan 1.
  • the two limit values Limmin and Lim max of the limiter 43 correspond respectively to the minimum pressure and to the maximum pressure that the fan 1 can supply, for respectively a minimum speed and a maximum speed of this fan.
  • the functional block 40 can also be implemented, as shown schematically in the figure 7 , using the classic principles of adjusting a fuzzy control (or fuzzy logic) (fuzzification then defuzzification). This makes it possible to add, in addition to the Pos ref input variable, other input variables (for example the speed Vit ref of the fan turbine).
  • This solution has the advantage of being able to dynamically modify the value of the two slopes 41, 42 of the previous solution, in other words of increasing or decreasing the pressure setpoint W more or less rapidly.
  • the functional block 40 can also be produced by nesting correctors. This consists of adding to the closed-loop servo-control 30 a regulation loop in which the setpoint W becomes the variable to be servo-controlled as schematized on the figure 8 .
  • the functional block 40 comprises another servo loop, comprising a second corrector 44 and which adjusts, by a command U', the pressure setpoint W to reduce a difference ⁇ ' between the current open position Pos ref occupied by the reference register and determined in step 102, and a predefined CPOS setpoint (for example a setpoint fixed at 95%), corresponding to the predefined maximum opening position Pos max ref cited above.
  • the functional block 20 on the one hand, and the functional block 40 associated with the closed-loop servo-control 30 on the other hand interact and bring about a convergence of the system towards a stable state which makes it possible to satisfy the needs of the system. all of the ducts while guaranteeing operation at a minimum P- pressure, optimizing acoustic discomfort and system consumption.
  • block 40 includes the acceleration/deceleration slopes of the setpoint pressure W (slopes 41 and 42 in the case of the adjustment by level of thresholds illustrated in the figure 6 ; Output in acceleration in the case of a fuzzy control illustrated on the figure 7 ; and correction 44 in the case of a regulation nesting illustrated on the FIG. 8 ), motor speed variations are dampened in the event of a setpoint change, promoting the continuous stability of the system.
  • relation (4) requires knowledge of the pressure drop coefficients k i associated with the extraction ducts 4 i , these having been determined beforehand and stored in a memory of the electronic card main. These coefficients may have been determined using simulation software in which the parameters of the installation have been entered (such as the number of ducts, lengths and geometry of the ducts, position of the dampers).
  • An advantage of determining in situ the pressure drop coefficients k i associated with the extraction ducts 4 i lies in the fact that the self-calibration phase can be carried out not only when the installation is put into service for the first time, but also at any time during the use of the installation, which makes it possible in particular to take into account a possible evolution of the pressure drops, linked for example to fouling of the extraction ducts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
EP22211975.2A 2022-01-31 2022-12-07 Regelung des von einem luftabzugs- oder -einblaslüfter abgegebenen drucks in einer belüftungsanlage Pending EP4220023A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2200856A FR3132346B1 (fr) 2022-01-31 2022-01-31 Régulation de la pression fournie par un ventilateur d’extraction ou d’insufflation d’air dans une installation de ventilation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4220023A1 true EP4220023A1 (de) 2023-08-02

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EP22211975.2A Pending EP4220023A1 (de) 2022-01-31 2022-12-07 Regelung des von einem luftabzugs- oder -einblaslüfter abgegebenen drucks in einer belüftungsanlage

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EP (1) EP4220023A1 (de)
FR (1) FR3132346B1 (de)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1134509A1 (de) * 2000-03-17 2001-09-19 Stifab Farex AB Verfahren und Anordnung zur Steuerung eines Belüftungssystems
EP1375212A1 (de) * 2002-06-27 2004-01-02 Renault s.a.s. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung von Flüssen für eine Fahrzeugklimaanlage
EP2363656A2 (de) * 2010-02-24 2011-09-07 Renson Ventilation NV Verfahren zur Einstellung vor einer zentralen Lüftungsanlage, Voreinstellung und zentrale Lüftungsanlage mit einer Voreinstellung System dieser Art.
EP3502580A1 (de) 2017-12-19 2019-06-26 Aereco Verfahren zur luftverteilung

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1134509A1 (de) * 2000-03-17 2001-09-19 Stifab Farex AB Verfahren und Anordnung zur Steuerung eines Belüftungssystems
EP1375212A1 (de) * 2002-06-27 2004-01-02 Renault s.a.s. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung von Flüssen für eine Fahrzeugklimaanlage
EP2363656A2 (de) * 2010-02-24 2011-09-07 Renson Ventilation NV Verfahren zur Einstellung vor einer zentralen Lüftungsanlage, Voreinstellung und zentrale Lüftungsanlage mit einer Voreinstellung System dieser Art.
EP3502580A1 (de) 2017-12-19 2019-06-26 Aereco Verfahren zur luftverteilung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3132346B1 (fr) 2023-12-22
FR3132346A1 (fr) 2023-08-04

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