EP4215868A1 - Structure porteuse fabriquée de manière additive pour une ogive - Google Patents

Structure porteuse fabriquée de manière additive pour une ogive Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4215868A1
EP4215868A1 EP23151754.1A EP23151754A EP4215868A1 EP 4215868 A1 EP4215868 A1 EP 4215868A1 EP 23151754 A EP23151754 A EP 23151754A EP 4215868 A1 EP4215868 A1 EP 4215868A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support structure
warhead
base body
active mass
additive manufacturing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23151754.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Markus Bähr
Thomas Reiss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Diehl Defence GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP4215868A1 publication Critical patent/EP4215868A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • F42B12/24—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction with grooves, recesses or other wall weakenings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a warhead and its production.
  • the directional active part containing at least one layer of rod-shaped and/or cube-shaped active bodies which can be ejected through the corresponding opening in the warhead casing after the warhead casing has been ruptured.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose improvements in relation to a warhead.
  • the supporting structure contains a base body. This is made of a construction material or consists of this.
  • the supporting structure contains an active mass. This is made of a heavy metal or consists of this.
  • the base body is designed to accommodate other components of the warhead or to be connected to them. In later manufacturing steps of the warhead, other components of the warhead, for example other structural components such as tail units, a projectile head or explosives, fuses, electronic components, etc., are added or attached to or in the base body.
  • a “pick up” occurs, for example, in that the basic structure has a specific geometric shape, for example is pot-like or sleeve-like, in order to accommodate or enclose components.
  • a "connection” happens, for example, by the fact that the base body undergoes particular machining, e.g. B. by milling, drilling, introducing threads, undercuts, latching structures, etc.
  • a “device” of the body to the measures mentioned is done in particular by its geometric design and the selection of a material which the Appropriate processing is permitted or favored, e.g. B. allows the introduction of holes / threads in a simple or conventional manner.
  • the active mass is materially attached to the base body and connected to it by means of a first additive manufacturing process. Subsequently or after attachment, the support structure then has this active mass or the active mass is attached to the base body.
  • the active mass is or is applied as a one-piece, uninterrupted volume.
  • the effective mass encloses the base body completely and in the form of a ring in a circumferential direction (relative to the longitudinal axis of the warhead, see below). In this sense, the application of the active mass to the base body takes place over the entire area without gaps. In particular, a single and uninterrupted interface is created at which the base body and active mass are materially connected to one another.
  • Construction material and active mass differ in particular in that the active mass has a lower machinability than the construction material, in particular it can only be machined (clamping) under more difficult conditions than the construction material, i. H. e.g. B. has increased tool wear, requires an increased cutting force or reduced cutting speed / feed rate, etc.
  • the support structure forms one, in particular the only, mechanical basic structure of the warhead, which causes its mechanical stability and penetration resistance and which, in particular, absorbs the forces occurring on the warhead when the warhead is fired as intended, for example from a barrel weapon.
  • active mass is added to a basic structure or the basic body, e.g. B. by powder build-up welding, applied and both components thereby firmly bonded.
  • the base body and the applied active mass are thus active agent and supporting structure in one.
  • both the base body and the active mass contribute to this mechanical stability or absorb corresponding forces.
  • this no longer has to be the base body or Achieve or afford the construction material alone.
  • the effective mass thus has a dual function: On the one hand, it still serves to take on a specific effect when the warhead is dismantled, for example to form fragments. On the other hand, however, it now also takes on a task as part of a mechanical carrying or supporting or basic structure of the warhead.
  • the total mass of such a system is limited or reduced, or the total mass or part of it (active mass) can be used as active material.
  • the effective mass at least partially also takes on the task of deriving the launch load and penetration load.
  • the mass or the volume of the base body and thus of the construction material can be reduced overall, which is why the total mass of the support structure and thus of the warhead is reduced or more payload can be accommodated in the warhead with the same mass.
  • the support structure is set up such that the effective mass absorbs at least part of the mechanical loads occurring during normal operation of the warhead. The other part of the load is then in particular completely absorbed by the base body.
  • the base body is therefore functionally supported in this respect by the active mass.
  • Proper operation includes a regular launch, in particular firing of the warhead and thus the support structure, in particular from a barrel weapon.
  • the "equipment" for this takes place in particular through the constructive design of the geometry / choice of material etc. in the supporting structure for a specific application etc.
  • the construction material is an aluminum material, in particular an aluminum alloy.
  • this material is easy to machine, as described above, so that its simple and inexpensive post-processing/further processing is possible in order to finish the warhead.
  • Steel, a nickel-based alloy (e.g. Inconel) or titanium are also possible.
  • the heavy metal is a tungsten material, in particular tungsten carbide or pure tungsten. This material has a high density, making it particularly effective as an active substance.
  • the first additive manufacturing method is laser build-up welding, which is carried out in particular with the aid of powder, ie powder build-up welding.
  • This method is particularly suitable for producing a corresponding support structure for a warhead, especially in combination with the materials mentioned above.
  • the active mass is or will be produced in its final form by the first additive manufacturing method.
  • the shape of the active mass e.g. B. by machining post-processing, in particular by any shaping post-processing.
  • the application of the active mass by the additive process thus takes place in its final desired shape.
  • the active mass, as described above is in particular one that has comparatively poor or low machinability.
  • Post-processing of the applied active mass for its further shaping would therefore be complex, expensive or tedious, if at all possible.
  • the additive manufacturing process can be used to produce almost any structure that is difficult or impossible to achieve, in particular, with classic material removal or workpiece processing (turning, milling, drilling, etc.). However, this does not preclude the sometimes necessary processing to the final dimensions.
  • the base body is produced at least partially, in particular completely, by a second additive manufacturing process.
  • the second method is preferably carried out before the first method, so that in this respect the base body is finished before the active mass is applied.
  • a base body can also be provided first, which is supplemented by the second additive manufacturing method, so that a composite body, in particular a one-piece body, results as the base body.
  • pre-processing or post-processing of the base/main body is possible, in particular by machining.
  • the second can be the same as the first additive method.
  • At least part of the support structure forms at least part of the—particularly lateral—outer surface of the warhead.
  • the orientations are based on a longitudinal axis or intended flight direction/firing direction of the warhead.
  • the "lateral" outer surface is the peripheral side surface, ie the surface normal to which points in the radial direction in relation to the one longitudinal axis/direction of the warhead or has at least one radial component.
  • at least part of the support structure forms the outer surface of the warhead.
  • the surface area of the support structure on the surface of the warhead is in particular at least 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% or 90%.
  • at least a part of the surface or outer surface of the warhead is already finished by the completion of the support structure.
  • outer surface is to be understood as meaning the outer structural surface of the warhead, with the exception of coatings, paintwork, surface layers, etc., which can still cover the outer surface. In any event, the outer surface is no longer surrounded or covered by another structural layer of the warhead, such as a surrounding structural envelope, etc. An additional outer shell is possible, but without a supporting function.
  • part or all of the surface of the heavy metal that is accessible after attachment to the base body forms part of this outer surface.
  • “Accessible” means that it is not a matter of a part of the active mass that is connected to the base body in a materially integral manner.
  • the proportion of the surface of the active material that forms the outer surface is in particular at least 70, 80 or 90%.
  • a surface of the active mass that forms the outer surface is unstructured—in the region of this surface.
  • Unstructured is to be understood in such a way that the surface is smooth or planar in relation to the dimensions of the warhead, ie in the macroscopic sense.
  • the entire relevant surface of the effective mass has a shape like a section of a cylinder, barrel body, (truncated) cone, etc.
  • Such surface shapes are particularly suitable for warheads.
  • the surface therefore has no nubs, grooves, grooves, ribs, edges, etc.
  • the transition between the active mass and the base body is smooth, edge-free, kink-free, continuous or locally even; H. Identical tangential planes on the surfaces of the active mass and the base body prevail on both sides at the boundary line in question.
  • the support structure in particular the effective mass
  • the effective mass is set up such that the effective mass breaks down into fragments when the warhead is disassembled as intended.
  • the fragments are in particular splinters.
  • the active mass has predetermined breaking points for this purpose, at which the decomposition into fragments then takes place as intended.
  • the active mass has the predetermined breaking points mentioned above, in order to be divided into the fragments there during the disassembly.
  • the predetermined breaking points are formed in that the base body has a negative structure--particularly pointing radially outward with respect to the above-mentioned longitudinal axis.
  • the negative structure has a negative form of at least some of the predetermined breaking points.
  • the active mass is applied to the negative structure. Due to the areal application, the active mass then takes on a corresponding positive structure, i. H. -shaping on.
  • This embodiment is particularly useful in combination with the above-mentioned smooth or unstructured outer surface of the active material.
  • the predetermined breaking points formed by the negative structure are thus located only inside the material of the support structure, namely at the one-piece interface between the base body and the active mass. In particular, it can be achieved particularly easily that then on the negative structure, z. B. their radially outward-pointing ribs / webs, a lower material thickness of the active mass is created, which leads to the corresponding predetermined breaking points.
  • the negative structure has—particularly intersecting—webs pointing radially outwards.
  • the connection of the active mass with the negative structure results in a structural weakening as a positive form corresponding to the negative structure, e.g. B. notches, depressions, grooves, grooves, etc. in the active mass.
  • the webs run in particular in a crossed manner, in particular in Longitudinally and circumferentially of the warhead and/or have a triangular cross-section, possibly with a flattened tip, particularly in their direction of extent. These forms therefore lead to at least approximately V-shaped indentations, ie predetermined breaking points in the active mass.
  • the webs can also run obliquely, z. B. 45 ° to the longitudinal axis of the warhead. This can have advantages for the dismantling and the load bearing.
  • a complex-shaped negative structure/shape can be produced on the base body in a particularly simple manner. B. by turning or milling an alternative body would be difficult or impossible to produce. As a result, predetermined breaking points with a particularly favorable structure can also be produced in the active mass.
  • the predetermined breaking points in the active mass thus result automatically, so to speak, purely by (area-wide) attaching the active mass to the base body.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by a warhead according to claim 13 with the support structure explained above.
  • the object of the invention is also achieved by a method according to claim 14 for producing the support structure explained above.
  • the base body is provided.
  • the active mass is attached to the base body in a materially bonded manner using the first additive manufacturing process.
  • the invention is based on the following findings, observations and considerations and also has the following embodiments.
  • the embodiments are sometimes also referred to as “the invention” for the sake of simplicity.
  • the embodiments can also contain parts or combinations of the above-mentioned embodiments or correspond to them and/or optionally also include embodiments that have not been mentioned before.
  • the invention is based on the observation that in practice, assembly groups have often been used to manufacture a warhead. This requires many components that have to be assembled together. In doing so, e.g. B. preformed fragments (parts of the active mass) mounted / fixed in an assembly. This assembly is then fixed to a base body that alone absorbs the firing load. However, the assembly of the fragments does not contribute, or at least not significantly, to the removal of the mechanical loads on the warhead (inter alia because of a non-material connection with the base body).
  • This known basic structure of a warhead thus contains a lot, ie a large proportion, of supporting structure (base body) which in turn does not contribute, or at least not significantly, to the effect (effective mass). So far, individual parts or components of the warhead have essentially been joined, in particular without connecting them to one another in a materially bonded manner.
  • the basic idea of the invention is to create an only partially mechanically supporting structure (base body) of a warhead, which consists of a structural material. This is directly connected, in particular welded, to a material (active mass) that is intended or necessary for the effective power of the warhead by means of an additive manufacturing process.
  • a base body made of aluminum as a construction material (comparatively easy to process) with tungsten carbide or wolfram (heavy metal, high density, comparatively difficult to process) as the active mass is powdered coated using an additive manufacturing process, i.e. firmly bonded.
  • the basic structure is thus supported and the mechanical loads on the warhead, especially when it is fired, are also borne by the effective mass.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for use in a projectile casing and/or a fragmentation warhead.
  • figure 1 shows a support structure 2, which forms the basis for a warhead 4 to be further manufactured, not shown in detail and only indicated by dashed lines.
  • the support structure 2 has a base body 6, which here has approximately the shape of a pot, namely a bottom 8 and a side wall 10 as well as an opening 12 on the end face.
  • the support structure 2 or its pot shape extends concentrically to a longitudinal axis 14 of the entire warhead 4, which also corresponds to its intended firing direction from a barrel weapon and direction of flight.
  • the base body 6 consists of a structural material, here an aluminum alloy.
  • the support structure 2 also contains an active mass 16, which consists of a heavy metal, here tungsten.
  • an active mass 16 consists of a heavy metal, here tungsten.
  • the active mass 16 was then attached to the base body 6 over the entire surface in a materially bonded manner using a first additive manufacturing process, here powder build-up welding.
  • the geometries of the base body 6 and the active mass 16 are selected such that the active mass 16 completely or flushly fills an incision 18 in the base body 6 or its side wall 10 and thus seamlessly supplements or completes the pot shape mentioned above.
  • the incision 18 runs in the circumferential direction around the longitudinal axis 14 in the form of a ring or in the manner of a straight circular cylinder jacket, the incision 18 in the manner of a corresponding circumferential groove.
  • a radially inward base 20 or groove base of the incision 18 is not smooth, but has a negative structure 22 .
  • the negative structure 22 is formed by webs pointing radially outward with respect to the longitudinal axis 14 .
  • the webs are made up of webs running in the circumferential direction in the form of transverse webs 24 and webs running parallel to the longitudinal axis 14 in the form of longitudinal webs 26.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through the support structure 2 figure 1 along level II-II. It can be seen here that the transverse webs 24 have a triangular cross-section 28 with respect to their direction of extension, here the circumferential direction.
  • the longitudinal webs 26 are, as in figure 1 recognizable, similar - performed to the transverse webs 28 - only in the longitudinal direction.
  • the base body 6 is also produced by a second additive manufacturing process or is provided as a result, as mentioned above.
  • the entire support structure 2 and in particular the active mass 16 disassembled.
  • the disassembly now takes place at the predetermined breaking points 32.
  • the fragmented active mass 16 is thus broken down into individual fragments 34, here splinters. These are in 1 indicated by dashed lines.
  • This entire outer surface 11 including the surface 36 of the active mass 16 is unstructured, namely smooth or "flat" (here in the sense of the ideal straight circular cylinder shape).
  • the integral connection of active mass 16 and base body 6 results in a fully integrated, one-piece component as a support structure 2, which is set up in its entirety to absorb the mechanical loads occurring during normal operation, here firing the warhead 4 from a barrel weapon or penetrating a target structure.
  • the dimensions are such that neither the base body 6 nor the active mass 16 alone could absorb these loads.
  • the support structure 2 is only dimensioned by the connection of the two elements.
  • the active mass 16 is no longer reworked after it has been applied to the base body 6, ie the active mass 16 is produced in its final form by the additive manufacturing process. Only the warhead is finally painted over, which should not be understood here as post-processing. Also, the corresponding paint in the present sense does not form any further layer outside the "outer wall" of the warhead 4 in the form of the support structure 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
EP23151754.1A 2022-01-20 2023-01-16 Structure porteuse fabriquée de manière additive pour une ogive Pending EP4215868A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022000198.5A DE102022000198A1 (de) 2022-01-20 2022-01-20 Additiv hergestellte Tragstruktur für einen Gefechtskopf

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4215868A1 true EP4215868A1 (fr) 2023-07-26

Family

ID=84980864

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP23151754.1A Pending EP4215868A1 (fr) 2022-01-20 2023-01-16 Structure porteuse fabriquée de manière additive pour une ogive

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP4215868A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102022000198A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050235862A1 (en) * 2004-04-22 2005-10-27 Lockheed Martin Corporation Warhead with integral, direct-manufactured features
DE19524726B4 (de) 1994-08-10 2006-05-24 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh Gefechtskopf

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2812385B1 (fr) 2000-07-28 2003-02-21 Giat Ind Sa Munition explosive a corps fragmentable
FR3038043B1 (fr) 2015-06-26 2018-11-02 Nexter Munitions Enveloppe de tete militaire et procede de fabrication d'une telle tete militaire
SE544060C2 (sv) 2019-03-19 2021-11-30 Bae Systems Bofors Ab En stridsdel och ett förfarande för framställning av en stridsdel

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19524726B4 (de) 1994-08-10 2006-05-24 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh Gefechtskopf
US20050235862A1 (en) * 2004-04-22 2005-10-27 Lockheed Martin Corporation Warhead with integral, direct-manufactured features

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Publication number Publication date
DE102022000198A1 (de) 2023-07-20

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