EP4211029A1 - Structure offshore flottante - Google Patents

Structure offshore flottante

Info

Publication number
EP4211029A1
EP4211029A1 EP21763047.4A EP21763047A EP4211029A1 EP 4211029 A1 EP4211029 A1 EP 4211029A1 EP 21763047 A EP21763047 A EP 21763047A EP 4211029 A1 EP4211029 A1 EP 4211029A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
offshore structure
offshore
parameter
anchor
foundation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21763047.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jörn Runge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rwe Offshore Wind GmbH
Original Assignee
Rwe Offshore Wind GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rwe Offshore Wind GmbH filed Critical Rwe Offshore Wind GmbH
Publication of EP4211029A1 publication Critical patent/EP4211029A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B63B21/502—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers by means of tension legs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/16—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring using winches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
    • B63B39/02—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by displacement of masses
    • B63B39/03—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by displacement of masses by transferring liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B43/02—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking
    • B63B43/04—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving stability
    • B63B43/06—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving stability using ballast tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B2207/00—Buoyancy or ballast means
    • B63B2207/02—Variable ballast or buoyancy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/32—Wind speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/342—Wave conditions, e.g. amplitude, frequency or direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the application relates to a buoyant offshore structure, in particular a buoyant offshore wind turbine, comprising at least one buoyant foundation, comprising at least one floating body, and at least one anchoring arrangement, set up for fastening the offshore structure to an underwater bed in an anchored state of the offshore structure, wherein the anchorage arrangement comprises at least one anchor connection extending between an anchor and the buoyant foundation.
  • the application concerns an offshore system, a method and an offshore set.
  • Wind energy systems or wind farms with at least one wind turbine are increasingly being used to provide electrical energy from so-called renewable energy sources.
  • a wind power plant is set up in particular to convert the kinetic wind energy into electrical energy.
  • wind farms are increasingly being arranged at locations with a high probability of wind.
  • Offshore locations in particular are usually characterized by relatively continuous wind conditions and high average wind speeds, so that so-called offshore wind energy systems or offshore wind farms are increasingly being erected.
  • an offshore wind farm has a large number of offshore structures, such as a large number of offshore wind turbines and at least one offshore transformer station, via which the offshore wind farm is electrically connected, for example to an onshore transformer station or another offshore transformer station or offshore converter station, is connected.
  • An onshore substation in turn, can be connected to a public power grid.
  • Energy cables are laid in the form of submarine cables to transmit electrical energy between two offshore structures or between an offshore structure and an onshore structure.
  • a buoyant or floating offshore structure has at least one buoyant foundation with at least one floating body.
  • a device such as a platform, transformer device, wind power device, etc. may be installed on the buoyant foundation.
  • the offshore structure For (permanent) stationary operation of the offshore structure, it is fastened to the underwater floor (usually a sea floor) by at least one anchoring arrangement.
  • the at least one anchoring arrangement is set up to fasten the offshore structure to an underwater bed when the offshore wind turbine is in an anchored state.
  • the anchoring arrangement has at least one anchor connection running between an anchor, which is at least partially buried in the underwater bed, and the buoyant foundation. Due to the floating configuration of such an offshore structure, the offshore structure can be moved by wind and/or waves. In particular, a considerable (periodic) tilting movement can occur in the case of floating offshore structures, in particular in the direction of the main wind and/or the direction of the main waves.
  • the prior art involves a complex design of the buoyant foundation and, in particular, a relatively deep vertical positioning of an offshore structure during installation.
  • the relatively deep vertical positioning of an offshore structure during installation means that the power output from an offshore
  • Wind turbine especially at low wind speeds, is reduced because the wind speeds are usually greater at higher altitudes.
  • the application is therefore based on the object of providing an offshore structure in which the disadvantages of the prior art are at least reduced and, in particular, it is possible to land on the offshore structure even under unfavorable meteorological conditions.
  • the object is achieved by a buoyant offshore structure, in particular a buoyant offshore wind turbine, according to claim 1.
  • the offshore structure comprises at least one buoyant foundation, comprising at least one float.
  • the offshore structure includes at least one anchoring arrangement configured to attach the offshore structure to an underwater bed in a Anchoring condition of the offshore structure.
  • the anchoring arrangement comprises at least one anchor connection running between an anchor and the buoyant foundation.
  • the offshore structure includes at least one position stabilization device, set up to change the length of the anchor connection between the anchor and the buoyant foundation in the anchored state, based on at least one position parameter of the offshore structure and at least one target position parameter.
  • a buoyant offshore structure is provided according to the application, in which the disadvantages of the prior art are at least reduced by having a position stabilization device that adjusts the position of the floating offshore structure by changing the length of the anchor connection between the anchor and the buoyant foundation.
  • landing on the offshore structure can at least be made easier by changing the length of the anchor connection between the anchor and the buoyant foundation, in particular by shortening or lengthening it at least during the landing process. It has been recognized that in this way the tilting or swaying movement of an offshore structure can at least be reduced.
  • the offshore structure is a buoyant offshore structure, such as an offshore wind turbine, an offshore substation, an offshore platform for gas or oil exploration and the like.
  • An offshore structure includes at least one floatable foundation on which, in particular, an offshore device can be arranged.
  • the offshore structure is an offshore
  • a wind power device is arranged, in particular as an offshore device, comprising a tower, nacelle, rotor, generator, etc.
  • the at least one floating foundation comprises at least one floating body.
  • a floating body or buoyant body is able to float independently, in particular due to its buoyancy by displacement according to the Archimedean principle.
  • floats can be hollow and filled with air or with a light solid.
  • the buoyant foundation can essentially form the floating body.
  • the buoyant foundation can preferably be a so-called barge foundation, semi-submersible foundation, spar foundation and/or tension leg platform (TLP) foundation. It goes without saying that other types of buoyant foundations can also be provided in other variants of the application.
  • TLP tension leg platform
  • a buoyant foundation is fastened or anchored to the underwater bed via at least one anchoring arrangement.
  • a plurality e.g. three or four
  • anchoring arrangements may be provided for attachment.
  • An anchoring arrangement comprises an anchor connection, in particular in the form of an anchor cable or an anchor chain.
  • One end of the anchor connection is attached to the foundation and the other end to at least one anchor (e.g. weight anchor, torpedo anchor, etc.).
  • the anchor may be at least partially buried in the underwater bed.
  • the state in which the foundation and thus the offshore structure are fastened to the underwater bed by means of the at least one anchoring arrangement is present in particular anchoring condition of the foundation or the
  • critical positions of the offshore structure in which there is at least a risk of damage to the offshore structure, can at least be reduced if a possibility is created to change the length of an anchor connection of an anchoring arrangement in the anchored state, i.e. in the intended state Operation of the offshore structure.
  • a tilting or swaying movement of the offshore structure is at least reduced in comparison to a longer length (or shorter length).
  • a position stabilization device This can be arranged at least partially in and/or on the buoyant foundation. In the case of variants of the application, this can also be arranged at least partially in the offshore device, such as a tower of an offshore wind turbine.
  • the at least one position stabilization device is set up to change the length of the anchor connection between the anchor and the buoyant foundation (in particular the point at which the anchor connection reaches the foundation) in the anchoring state, based on at least one (providable) position parameter of the offshore structure and at least one (predetermined) target position parameter.
  • a position parameter (value) of the offshore structure is in particular a position parameter that directly and indirectly describes the (current and/or predicted future) vertical position and/or horizontal position of the offshore structure.
  • the at least one target position parameter specifies in particular a vertical position and/or horizontal position of the offshore structure to be set.
  • two or more position parameters and/or (corresponding to the position parameters) two or more position setpoint parameters can be provided.
  • a plurality of different position parameters, for example in the form of a position parameter data set, and a corresponding plurality of (predetermined) position target parameters, for example in the form of a corresponding position target parameter data set, can preferably be provided.
  • the position stabilization device can preferably include at least one control module set up to control the changing of the length of the anchor connection between the anchor and the buoyant foundation, based on the at least one position parameter of the offshore structure and at least one target position parameter.
  • the control module can be provided with at least one suitable controller.
  • the length is changed in such a way that the (instantaneous and/or predicted future) position parameter (substantially) corresponds to the position setpoint parameter, and any difference that may be present is minimized.
  • the position setpoint parameter is a limit value of an impermissible or permissible position range
  • the length is changed in such a way that the (current and/or predicted future) position parameter is at least in the permissible position range, i.e. does not exceed (or fall below) the position setpoint (limit) parameter.
  • the position stabilization device can comprise at least one winch device coupled to the anchor connection.
  • the winch device can be arranged to change the length of the anchor connection between the anchor and the buoyant foundation.
  • the winch device comprises a substantially cylindrical and rotatable drum.
  • coupled means in particular that the at least one anchor connection in the form of an anchor cable or an anchor chain can be wound up and unwound on the drum (in particular between a minimum and maximum length).
  • One end of the articulated connection can be firmly attached to the drum or another attachment point of the winch device.
  • the winch device can preferably include at least one controllable and motor-based drive, in particular an electric motor that can be supplied with electrical energy from the offshore structure.
  • the drive can be controlled by the control module in such a way that the length is changed in such a way that the at least one (current and/or predicted future) position parameter (substantially) corresponds to the at least one position setpoint parameter or is at least in the permissible position range.
  • the winch device can comprise at least one parking brake.
  • the parking brake may be releasable (and lockable once changed) to change the length of the anchor linkage. If the length of the anchor connection is to be changed, the control module can, for example, activate the parking brake so that it is released. The length of the anchor connection can then be changed, in particular by the drive, as has been described. The parking brake can then be locked (again) either automatically or by being activated again, e.g. by the control module. The load on the drive can be reduced as a result.
  • the at least one position parameter can be provided to the position stabilization device by a device not included in the offshore structure.
  • the offshore structure can comprise at least one position detection device, set up to detect the at least one Location parameters of the offshore structure.
  • the offshore structure in particular an actual position parameter of the offshore structure, can be determined by the position detection device itself.
  • a winch device or another device e.g. ballast medium conveyor arrangement, lifting device, in particular the at least one drive, can be activated as a function of a difference between the detected position parameter or actual position parameter and the (specified) position setpoint parameter.
  • the at least one position parameter can in particular be at least one position angle (also called Euler angle) of the offshore structure.
  • the at least one position parameter can be, for example, a yaw angle (angle between the current orientation of the offshore structure and the vertical axis (also called the z-axis)), a roll angle (angle between the current orientation of the offshore structure and a longitudinal axis (also called the x-axis). called)) and/or a heave or pitch angle (angle between the current alignment of the offshore structure and a longitudinal axis (also called the y-axis)).
  • the position detection device can preferably be a tilt angle detection device set up to detect the tilt angle of the offshore structure.
  • the tilt angle is based in particular on. a vertical axis or directional (maximum) angles (in a reversal position) in a tilting or swaying movement of the offshore structure.
  • a (maximum) tilt angle preferably a permissible tilt angle range, can be provided as the position setpoint parameter. If the actual tilting angle is outside the permissible tilting angle range, in particular the length can be changed (in particular for so long) that (until) the detected tilting angle is again in the permissible range.
  • Be sweep frequency detection device set up to detect the sweep frequency of the offshore structure. It goes without saying that the detection of the tilt frequency includes a detection of the tilt period duration. Regulation can be carried out analogously to the explanations regarding the tilt angle.
  • At least a first selectable position oil parameter can be provided for a first (desired) position of the offshore structure and a second selectable position setpoint parameter for a second (desired) position of the offshore structure.
  • the first positional state can differ from the second positional state.
  • a first situation can be, for example, a (normal) operating situation and a second situation can be a landing situation.
  • a stronger tilting or swaying movement can be permissible (corresponding to a predefined first position state or first desired position parameter (data set)).
  • first desired position parameter data set
  • second position setpoint parameter data set
  • the respective at least one target position parameter can be selected (for example by the user who wants to land) and in particular can be specified for the control module.
  • a maintenance status can be provided with at least one corresponding target position parameter that can be selected (after a landing) for a maintenance operation.
  • At least one minimum position setpoint parameter is stored locally in an offshore structure. This can ensure that a certain minimum stable position (or condition) of the offshore structure is always maintained. The actual position of the offshore structure can then be be set within the permissible range, in particular in such a way (in the case of offshore wind turbines) that the energy yield of the offshore wind farm is maximized.
  • At least one vertical anchor connection running essentially in the vertical direction can be fastened to the buoyant foundation.
  • At least one angle anchor connection running at an angle to the vertical direction of at least 2°, preferably at least 5° (and at most 45°) can be attached to the floating foundation.
  • the position stabilization device can be set up to change the length of the vertical anchor connection and/or the angle anchor connection, based on at least one position parameter of the offshore structure. In particular depending on the at least one position parameter and the at least one position setpoint parameter, it can be advantageous if the respective length of the
  • Vertical anchor connection(s) and the angle anchor connection(s) can be changed differently.
  • the vertical plane in which the angle of the angle anchor connection lies to the vertical direction extends in a direction parallel to the prevailing wind direction and/or main wave direction (or within a range of ⁇ 20°) (and in particular the anchor of this angle anchor connection itself located on the side hitting the wind and/or waves)
  • the anchor connection of the said angle anchor connection is shortened more (e.g. 2 to 10 m more) than the at least one vertical anchor connection, in particular in such a way that without wind and waves, there would be a tilt in the direction of the main wind direction and/or main wave direction.
  • the length of at least one further angle anchor connection, in which the anchor is located on the side facing away from the wind and/or waves, is left unchanged or lengthened so that without wind and waves there would be a tilt in the direction of the main wind direction and/or main wave direction.
  • the position parameter can be a position parameter directly indicating the position of the offshore structure, like the position parameters previously described.
  • the position parameter can be a parameter from which the (probable) (instantaneous and/or predicted) position of the offshore structure can be inferred.
  • these position parameters can be position parameters that directly influence the position of the offshore structure.
  • the location parameter can be a meteorological environment parameter (from which the actual current or future location parameter can be determined). The at least one meteorological environmental parameter can be selected from the. Group comprising: - wind direction (measured or forecast), - wind force (measured or forecast), - wave height (measured or forecast), - wave direction (measured or forecast).
  • meteorological environmental parameters are particularly relevant for the location of an offshore structure.
  • the aforementioned meteorological environmental parameters can influence the tilting angle (and thus the tilting movement) of the buoyant offshore structure.
  • the length can be changed. It would be conceivable to increase the length in order to raise the offshore structure in such a way that the waves can roll under the structure. Also it would be conceivable to shorten the length to the location improved by increasing the depth of the floating foundation. This allows the tilt angle to be reduced. This in turn can increase the power yield.
  • At least two, preferably all, of the mentioned meteorological environmental parameters can be determined and in particular made available.
  • this at least one location parameter can be provided by at least one meteorological measuring device (e.g. measuring mast) of the offshore wind farm and/or a meteorological service.
  • Variants of the registration can, alternatively or additionally, provide at least one further meteorological environmental parameter (e.g. precipitation, solar radiation, etc.).
  • the position stabilization device can (alternatively or additionally) comprise at least one ballast tank that can be filled with a ballast medium (preferably water, in particular seawater).
  • a ballast medium preferably water, in particular seawater.
  • the at least one ballast tank can preferably be integrated in the at least one foundation.
  • a ballast tank can also be attached to the outside of a foundation.
  • each foundation can have a ballast tank.
  • the at least one ballast tank can be arranged in particular in such a way that filling/emptying leads to a specific vertical and/or horizontal orientation of the foundation.
  • the filling/emptying can in particular be controlled so that the at least two ballast tanks can be filled/emptied in a specific manner.
  • the attitude stabilization device can have at least one
  • Ballast medium conveying arrangement comprise, set up for changing the Level of the ballast tank, in particular to stabilize the position of the offshore structure.
  • the ballast medium conveying arrangement can be arranged in or on the foundation.
  • a change in the fill level changes, in particular, a vertical distance from the water line or from the underwater bottom surface. This allows the position of the offshore structure to be stabilized.
  • a target position parameter may be a target fill level (e.g., full, half full, empty, x liters, etc.).
  • the ballast medium conveying arrangement can change the filling level of the ballast tank in accordance with a predetermined position setpoint parameter of this type in order to change the said vertical distance.
  • the ballast medium conveying arrangement can comprise at least one pumping device configured to change the level of the ballast tank by actively conveying the ballast medium into the ballast tank and/or by actively conveying the ballast medium out of the ballast tank.
  • at least one pumping device configured to change the level of the ballast tank by actively conveying the ballast medium into the ballast tank and/or by actively conveying the ballast medium out of the ballast tank.
  • filling can take place passively by opening a tank opening.
  • emptying can take place passively by opening a tank opening.
  • at least one pump device can be provided both for filling and for emptying.
  • the setting of a specific fill level can be controlled or regulated by the control module.
  • a level measuring element can be used to monitor the level.
  • a predefined target position parameter can be set in a reliable manner in the form of a target filling quantity.
  • the position stabilization device can have at least one connected to the floatable foundation Weight arrangement comprising, which is changeable at least between a lowered state on the underwater bottom surface and a raised state from the underwater bottom surface, for example by a suitable lifting device.
  • the weight arrangement may include a weight connection (e.g. an anchor cable and/or anchor chain) which may be connected to the foundation.
  • the other end of the weight connection can be connected to a weight element of the weight assembly.
  • the weight element In a lowered state, the weight element can at least be placed or lowered on the underwater floor surface. In this state, in particular almost no weight can be exerted on the foundation by the at least one weight element of the weight arrangement.
  • the weight element In a lifted state, the weight element can be lifted off the underwater bottom surface, that is to say no longer (almost) contact it. In this state, in particular, a weight force (corresponding to the weight of the weight element of the weight arrangement) is exerted on the foundation by the at least one weight element of the weight arrangement.
  • An adjustment between the stated states can bring about a change in the stated vertical distance and thereby (positively) influence the position of the offshore device.
  • the position stabilization device can comprise at least one tracking module, set up for tracking the anchor connection (i.e. changing the length of the anchor connection), in particular with a change in the vertical distance between an underwater bottom surface and the underwater bottom the buoyant foundation (or between the foundation and the water line or water surface).
  • each anchor connection can in particular be coupled to a tracking module in order to track the anchor connection accordingly.
  • a tracking device can also be dispensed with.
  • the at least one target position parameter can also be determined in such a way that the power output is increased, in particular without the offshore structure being able to get into an impermissible position.
  • at least one minimum target position parameter can be specified, for example.
  • the actual position of the offshore structure can then be set within the permissible range, in particular in such a way (in the case of offshore wind turbines) that the energy yield of the offshore wind farm is maximized.
  • the offshore system includes a plurality of offshore structures described above.
  • the offshore system includes at least one control device set up to specify at least one position setpoint parameter for the plurality of offshore structures.
  • the plurality of offshore wind power plants are at least partially different
  • Position setpoint parameters can be specified.
  • the target position parameters can in particular be determined in such a way that on the one hand they ensure a (specified) sufficiently safe and stable position and on the other hand they increase the total energy yield of the offshore wind farm.
  • a (central) control device eg implemented as a software module in a central control of the offshore wind farm
  • the plurality of offshore wind power plants can be controlled via a communication network, for example by transmitting at least one control command containing at least one (previously described) target position parameter.
  • the position setpoint parameters can also be derived from the.
  • a target position parameter can then be dependent on the parking position.
  • the position setpoint parameter used when controlling a specific offshore wind power plant can preferably depend on the position of this offshore wind power plant within the offshore wind farm.
  • each offshore wind turbine can be associated with a park position attribute (e.g., a geographical indication of the offshore wind turbine, an indication of which row the offshore wind turbine is located in with respect to a particular direction (e.g., prevailing wind direction), and/or the like).
  • park position attribute (indicating a park position) may be stored in a data storage arrangement accessible by the controller.
  • Ambient condition is.
  • the energy yield in particular in addition to ensuring a sufficiently safe location, be increased.
  • different vertical distances can be set by corresponding position setpoint parameters and thus hub heights.
  • the total yield of these two offshore wind turbines can be increased.
  • At least a first meteorological environmental condition and a second meteorological environmental condition that differs from the first environmental condition can be specified.
  • a meteorological environmental condition includes in particular at least one meteorological environmental parameter range.
  • it can be checked whether a provided (previously described) meteorological environmental parameter is in the at least one environmental parameter range or not. In other words, it can be checked whether the at least one meteorological environmental parameter (value) satisfies the at least one environmental condition or not.
  • a target position parameter can be assigned (precisely) to each offshore wind turbine (or the corresponding system identifier) in particular for each ambient condition in an assignment table (selectable target position parameters can also be provided for special situations, as described above).
  • the target position parameters can depend on the parking position or the respective parking position attribute (and additionally specify a minimum level of stable position).
  • the allocation table can be stored in the data storage arrangement.
  • control device can access the stored assignment table and, in particular, control at least some of the offshore wind turbines of the offshore wind farm, preferably all offshore wind turbines of the offshore wind farm, according to the respectively stored setpoint parameters.
  • the set position parameters that can be used for control can be determined in advance.
  • a preliminary determination means in particular that the target position parameters, in particular in the form of target altitude values, are not only determined when a specific meteorological environmental condition is detected (in particular when a changed meteorological environmental condition is detected (e.g. from the first to the second meteorological environmental condition or vice versa)). , but earlier in time.
  • the plurality of target position parameters can be determined.
  • the target position parameters can be stored variably, so that in particular an optimization can take place during operation of the offshore wind farm, in particular by evaluating the actual power yield (compared, for example, with a power yield determined by a simulation process).
  • the majority of the offshore wind turbines can be divided into at least a first subgroup of offshore wind turbines each with the same first park position attribute (corresponding to the respective park position, as explained above) and a second subgroup of offshore - Wind turbines with the same second park position attribute (corresponding to the respective park position, as explained above) can be divided.
  • the control device can be set up to control the first subgroup of offshore Wind turbines with target position parameters that differ from the target position parameters with which a second subgroup of offshore wind turbines is controlled. It goes without saying that a division into three or more subgroups can take place.
  • the classification can be (inherently) mapped in the allocation table mentioned. It goes without saying that the actuation takes place in particular when a specific environmental condition is detected. In addition, the classification may depend on the environmental condition. In other words, a dynamic (rather than static) division into subgroups can be made.
  • a classification or height adjustment strategy (which can be depicted and is preferred in the at least one assignment table) can preferably be to always raise the first row of offshore wind turbines (seen in the wind direction) to a maximum height at which a sufficiently stable position is still ensured is.
  • the second row can be adjusted to the minimum height and then the third row to the maximum height again, etc. It would also be conceivable to always move the first row of offshore wind turbines (seen downwind) to a minimum height, the second row to the maximum height and then again the third row to the minimum height and so on.
  • the offshore wind farm can include at least one position setpoint determination device, set up for (in advance) determining the position setpoint parameters (to be used for control, in particular in the form of height setpoints) for controlling the plurality of offshore wind turbines at least one measured or forecast meteorological environmental condition.
  • the position setpoint determination device can be set up to carry out a number of simulation steps, based in particular on a simulation model of the number of wind turbines in the offshore wind farm.
  • a (mathematical) simulation model of the offshore wind farm can be created during planning and before installation, with which at least the total electrical power generated can be simulated under different meteorological environmental conditions and in particular with differently set vertical distances. It can also be simulated which maximum or minimum height can be set without damage occurring, for example due to the tilting movement. In this way, in particular, the at least one minimum position target parameter can be determined.
  • the at least one minimum position target parameter can be determined.
  • Set position setpoint determination device alternatively or additionally to carry out tests.
  • different target position values can preferably be set for the plurality of offshore wind turbines and the total electrical power generated in each case for the target position values can be determined.
  • the previously mentioned adjustment strategies can be simulated.
  • the position setpoints can be determined (and in particular stored in the assignment table) at which the specific (simulated or tested) generated total electrical power is maximum (and a sufficient stability of the respective offshore wind turbines is guaranteed).
  • the respective position setpoint values can be determined for preferably at least two different meteorological environmental conditions by means of a simulation process (with a plurality of simulation steps), in which at least the simulated (or tested) total electrical power generated is maximized.
  • An optimization process can preferably be carried out during operation of the offshore wind farm.
  • the total electrical power actually generated and the simulated (or tested) total electrical power generated can be evaluated.
  • the position setpoint values can be at least partially adjusted in order to increase the yield.
  • Historical data and/or data from other offshore wind farms can be taken into account here.
  • a further aspect of the application is a method for stabilizing the position of a buoyant offshore structure, in particular a previously described buoyant offshore structure, the offshore structure comprising at least one anchoring arrangement set up to fasten the offshore structure to an underwater bed in an anchored state of the offshore structure, wherein the anchoring arrangement comprises at least one anchor connection running between an anchor and the floating foundation.
  • the procedure includes:
  • the method can be used in particular to operate, in particular to control, a plurality of buoyant offshore wind turbines, ie in particular for operating, in particular controlling, an offshore wind farm as described above.
  • a buoyant offshore set comprising: - at least one buoyant foundation for an offshore structure, in particular an offshore structure as described above, - at least one anchoring arrangement with at least one anchor connection that can be fastened to the buoyant foundation, and - at least one position stabilization device in the form of a winch device that can be coupled to the anchor connection, set up for winding and/or unwinding an anchor connection coupled to the winch device, based on at least one position parameter of the offshore structure and at least one target position parameter.
  • a module, a device etc. can be formed at least partially by software elements (in particular in the form of computer code executable by a processor) and/or at least partially by hardware elements (processor, storage means, actuator etc.).
  • FIG. 1a shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a buoyant offshore structure according to the present application
  • FIG. 1b shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of a buoyant offshore structure according to the present application
  • FIG. 1c shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of a buoyant offshore structure according to the present application
  • FIG. 1d shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of a buoyant offshore structure according to the present application
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of a buoyant offshore structure according to the present application
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of a buoyant offshore structure according to the present application
  • FIG. 4 shows an exemplary tilting movement of a buoyant offshore structure plotted over time
  • 5a shows a schematic view of another embodiment of a buoyant offshore structure according to the present application with a first set distance
  • FIG. 5b shows a schematic view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5a with a further set distance
  • FIG. 6a shows a schematic view of another embodiment of a buoyant offshore structure according to the present application with a first set distance
  • FIG. 6b shows a schematic view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6a with a further set distance
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of an offshore system according to the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram of an embodiment of a method according to the present application.
  • Figures la to ld show schematic views of embodiments of buoyant offshore structures 100 according to the present application.
  • Offshore wind turbines 100 are shown as offshore structures 100 by way of example. However, the following explanations can be transferred to other offshore structures.
  • the offshore wind turbines 100 shown differ in the respective buoyant foundations 104, each comprising at least one Floating body 106.
  • a buoyant foundation 104 at least essentially forms the floating body 106.
  • a barge foundation 104 (FIG. 1a), a semi-submersible foundation 104 (FIG. 1b), a spar foundation 104 (FIG. 1c) and a tension leg platform foundation 104 (FIG. 1d) are shown in particular. It goes without saying that other buoyant foundations can be provided in other variants of the application.
  • a wind power device 102 comprising a tower, nacelle, rotor, generator, etc., is arranged on the at least one buoyant foundation 104.
  • a floating foundation 104 is fastened or anchored to the underwater bed 116 via a plurality of anchoring arrangements 108 .
  • An illustrated anchoring arrangement 108 has an anchor connection 109, in particular in the form of an anchor cable 109 or an anchor chain 109.
  • One end of the anchor connection 109 is attached to the foundation 104 and the other end to at least one anchor 110 (e.g. weight anchor, torpedo anchor, etc.).
  • the anchor 100 can be at least partially buried in the underwater floor 116, as can be seen from FIGS.
  • the underwater ground surface is denoted by reference numeral 118 and the water surface or water line is denoted by reference numeral 114 .
  • an offshore structure 100 comprises at least one position stabilization device 112, set up to change the length 111, 113, 115 of an anchor connection 109 between the anchor 110 and the buoyant foundation 104 in the (represented) anchored state, based on at least one position parameter of the offshore structure 100 and at least one target position parameter.
  • the length 111 , 113 , 115 here runs from the point of attachment of the anchor connection 109 to the anchor 110 and the point at which the anchor connection 109 enters the foundation 104 .
  • a plurality of different position parameters e.g. in the form of a position parameter data set
  • a corresponding plurality of (specified) position setpoint parameters e.g. in the form of a corresponding position setpoint parameter data set
  • the position stabilization device 112 can preferably include at least one control module set up to control the changing of the length 111, 113, 115 of the anchor connection 109 between the anchor 110 and the buoyant foundation 104, based on the at least one position parameter of the offshore structure 100 and at least one target position parameter .
  • variants of the application can provide for at least one of the lengths 111, 113, 115 to be changed in such a way that the (current and/or predicted future) position parameter at least is in the permissible position range, i.e. does not exceed (or fall below) the position setpoint (limit) parameter.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of a buoyant offshore structure 200 according to the present application.
  • the offshore structure 200 includes a position stabilization device 212.
  • the position stabilization device 212 includes at least one winch device 224.1, 224.2, 224.3 and three winch devices 224.1, 224.2, 224.3.
  • each anchoring arrangement 208.1, 208.2, 208.3 can be assigned a winch device 224.1, 224.2, 224.3.
  • Each anchor connection 209.1, 209.2, 209.3 can preferably be coupled to a respective winch device 224.1, 224.2, 224.3.
  • an anchor link 209.1, 209.2, 209.3 may be coupled to a cylindrical drum (winch) of a winch assembly 224.1, 224.2, 224.3 for winding and unwinding the anchor link 209.1, 209.2, 209.3 between a minimum and a maximum length.
  • Each winch device 224.1, 224.2, 224.3 can have a drive 226 and a parking brake 221 for this purpose.
  • a control module 228 of the position stabilization device 212 can first control the corresponding parking brake 221 in order to cause this parking brake 221 to be released.
  • the control module 228 can then control the appropriate drive 226 (preferably an electric motor 226) to cause winding or unwinding by a certain length.
  • the parking brake can then be locked again, controlled by the control module 228.
  • At least one target position parameter (value), preferably a set of target position parameters, can be provided to the control module 228 via an input 230 .
  • at least one position parameter (value), in particular a position parameter set, of the offshore structure 200 can be provided.
  • an actual location parameter can be provided.
  • the control module 228 can then change the length 211, 213, 215 of at least one anchoring arrangement 208.1, 208.2, 208.3 in such a way that the at least one target position parameter is met by the at least one actual position parameter.
  • reference number 234 denotes the (current) main wind direction and reference number 232 the (current) Main shaft direction (usually these directions 232, 234 can be almost identical).
  • At least one vertical anchor connection 209.2 running essentially in the vertical direction can be fastened to the buoyant foundation 204.
  • At least one angle anchor connection 208.1, 208.3 running at an angle 229 to the vertical direction of at least 2°, preferably at least 5° (and at most 45°) can be fastened to the floating foundation 204.
  • the position stabilization device 212 can be set up to change the length of the vertical anchor connection 208.2 and/or the angle anchor connection 208.1, 208.3, based on at least one position parameter of the offshore structure 200.
  • the vertical plane in which the angle 229 of the angle anchor connection 208.1, 208.3 lies to the vertical direction extends in a direction parallel ( ⁇ 20°) to the main wind direction ( ⁇ 20°) and/or main wave direction ( ⁇ 20°) and in particular the anchor 210 of this angled anchor connection 208.1 is on the wind and/or wave impact side, it can be specified in particular by the at least one target position parameter that the anchor connection of said angled anchor connection 208.1 is shortened more (e.g. 2 to 10 m more) than the at least one Vertical anchor connection 208.2, in particular such that without wind and waves there would be an inclination in the direction of the main wind direction 234 and/or main wave direction 232.
  • an offshore set comprising at least one buoyant foundation 204 for an offshore structure 200, at least one anchoring arrangement 208 with at least one anchor connection 209 that can be fastened to the buoyant foundation 204, and at least one position stabilization device 212 in the form of a winch device 224.1, 224.2, 224.3 that can be coupled to the anchor connection, set up for winding and/or unwinding an anchor connection 209.1, 209.2, 209.3 that is coupled to the winch device 224.1, 224.2, 224.3, based on at least one position parameter of the offshore structure 200 and at least one target position parameter.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of an offshore structure 300 according to the present application.
  • FIGS. 1a to 2 show a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of an offshore structure 300 according to the present application.
  • the entire offshore device, anchoring arrangements, control modules, etc. were not shown for the sake of a better overview.
  • FIG. 3 a tilting or swaying movement (indicated by the arrow 338) of the floating offshore structure 300 is indicated in FIG.
  • the offshore structure 300 is shown at the reversal point of the tilting movement, ie when the tilting angle 342 is at its maximum.
  • the offshore structure 300 is shown in the vertical state
  • the time profile of the tilt angle ⁇ between the maximum tilt angles -442, 442 is shown in FIG.
  • an essentially sinusoidal curve results.
  • the offshore structure 300 comprises at least one position detection device 319 (with at least one suitable position sensor), set up to detect the at least one position parameter of the offshore structure 300.
  • the offshore structure 300 can, in particular, record at least one actual position parameter of the Offshore structure 300, determined by the position detection device 319 itself.
  • a winch device or another device e.g. ballast medium conveyor arrangement, lifting device
  • the at least one drive can be activated as a function of a difference between the detected position parameter or actual position parameter and the (specified) position setpoint parameter. It goes without saying that an actual position parameter data record and a corresponding position setpoint parameter data record can be provided.
  • the at least one position parameter can in particular be at least one position angle (also called Euler angle) of the offshore structure 300 .
  • the at least one position parameter can be, for example, a yaw angle (angle between the current orientation of the offshore structure 300 and the vertical axis (also called the z-axis)), a roll angle (angle between the current orientation of the offshore structure 300 and a longitudinal axis (also called the x axis)) and/or a pitching or pitching angle (angle between the current orientation of the offshore structure 300 and a longitudinal axis (also called the y-axis)).
  • the position detection device 319 can preferably be a tilt angle detection device 319, set up to detect the (maximum) tilt angle 342 of the offshore structure 300.
  • the tilt angle 342 is in particular the (maximum) angle 342 related to a vertical axis 340 or direction z with a tilting or swaying movement 338 des Offshore structure 300.
  • a (maximum) tilt angle 342, preferably a permissible tilt angle range can be provided as the position setpoint parameter. If the actual tilt angle 342 is outside the permissible tilt angle range, the length in particular can be changed in such a way (in particular for so long) that (until) the detected tilt angle 342 is again in the permissible range.
  • FIGS. 5a and 5b show another exemplary embodiment of a buoyant offshore structure 500 with differently set vertical distances 547.1, 547.2. To avoid repetition, essentially only the differences from the previous exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1a to 4 are described below and otherwise reference is made to the previous statements. It should be noted that the entire wind power device is not shown for the sake of a better overview.
  • the difference between the distances 547.1, 547.2 in FIGS. 5a and 5b is denoted by reference numeral 522.
  • the adjustable difference can preferably be between 10 m and 40 m.
  • a position stabilization device 512 is provided for adjusting the vertical distance 547.1, 547.2 (to the underwater bottom surface (or to the waterline)).
  • the position stabilization device 512 shown comprises at least one ballast tank 539 which can be filled with a ballast medium 525 and is preferably arranged in the foundation 504 .
  • the position stabilization device also includes 512 at least one ballast medium delivery arrangement 531. This is set up in particular to change the fill level 527 of the ballast tank 539.
  • the ballast medium delivery arrangement 531 comprises in particular two pumping devices 545.
  • a pumping device 545 is set up in particular to change the level 527 of the ballast tank 539 by actively delivering the ballast medium 525 (in particular water) into the ballast tank 539 (indicated by the arrow 541).
  • an opening 543 can be arranged in the foundation 504 through which the ballast medium 525 can be pumped into the ballast tank 539 .
  • the additional pumping device 230 is set up in particular to change the fill level 527 of the ballast tank 539 by actively conveying the ballast medium 525 out of the ballast tank 539 (indicated by the arrow 537).
  • a further opening 533 can be arranged in the foundation 504 through which the ballast medium 525 can be pumped out of the ballast tank 539 .
  • a control module 528 can preferably be provided.
  • the (local) control module 528 of the position stabilization device 512 can be controlled, for example, by a control device (not shown) with a position setpoint parameter (e.g. a specific filling quantity (e.g. full, half full, empty, x liters etc.) or the like).
  • a minimum target position parameter can preferably be stored locally.
  • a pump device 545 can be controlled in such a way that the level 527 is changed according to the target position parameter.
  • the position of an offshore structure 500 can be stabilized by changing the vertical distance 547.1, 557.2.
  • the power yield in particular can be increased as a result.
  • the position stabilization device 512 can also include at least one tracking module 551, set up for tracking (i.e. changing the length) of the anchor connection 509, in particular when there is a change in the vertical distance 547.1, 547.2 between an underwater bottom surface 518 of the underwater bottom 516 and the buoyant foundation 504.
  • each anchor connection 509 can in particular be coupled to a tracking module 551 in order to track the anchor connection 509 accordingly.
  • FIGS. 6a and 6b show another embodiment of a buoyant offshore structure 600 with differently set vertical distances 647.1, 647.2. To avoid repetition, essentially only the differences from the previous exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1a to 5b are described below and otherwise reference is made to the previous statements. It should be noted that the entire wind power device and the anchoring arrangements (and tracking modules) are not shown for the sake of a better overview.
  • the position stabilization device 612 presently comprises at least one weight arrangement 612 connected to the buoyant foundation 604.
  • the weight arrangement 612 can comprise a weight connection 654 (e.g. an anchor cable 654 and/or an anchor chain 654) which can be connected to the foundation 604.
  • the other end of the weight linkage 654 can be connected to a weight member 656 of the weight assembly 612 .
  • Lifting device 658 (eg a winch 658), in particular a weight g (corresponding to the weight of the weight element 656 of the weight assembly) exerted by the at least one weight element 656 of the weight assembly 612 on the foundation 604.
  • a control module (not shown) can also be provided here, which can control the lifting device 658 as a function of a desired position parameter received (eg lowering or not lowering).
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of an exemplary embodiment of an offshore system 760.
  • An offshore wind farm 760 is shown as an example.
  • at least one target position parameter can be provided and in particular specified by a control device 762.
  • the at least one target position parameter preferably at least two selectable different target position parameters (data sets) can be stored locally and in advance in an offshore structure 700.1-700.4.
  • at least one minimum target position parameter data set is stored locally in each offshore structure 700.1-700.4. This can ensure that a certain minimum stable position of the offshore structure 700.1-700.4 is always maintained.
  • the actual position of the offshore structure 700.1-700.4 can then be set in the permissible range (variable, in particular yield-optimized), in particular such (for offshore wind turbines 700.1-700.4) that the energy yield of the offshore wind farm is maximized. Due to the minimum desired position parameter - (data set) it is ensured here that a sufficiently stable position of each offshore wind power plant 700.1-700.4 is always maintained. In the following it is assumed that a minimum target position parameter (data set) is fixed and additionally dependent on meteorological
  • the control device 762 can be implemented, for example, in a farm controller (not shown) (provided anyway) of the offshore wind farm 760 .
  • control device 762 comprises a communication module 764, a height control module 768, a detection device 770, a height setpoint determination device 772 and a data storage arrangement 774.
  • the height setpoint determination device 772 which can alternatively also be implemented in another computing device, can be set up to determine at least the height setpoints, depending on at least one meteorological environmental condition (at the installation site of the offshore wind farm 760).
  • the determination can preferably take place before the installation of the offshore wind farm 760, but also during the installation and/or (immediately) after the installation of the offshore wind farm 760.
  • an optimization process can take place (continuously) during operation.
  • Desired position parameters can preferably be determined in the form of desired height values for preferably all offshore wind power plants 700.1 to 700.4.
  • the height setpoint determined in each case can depend on the (parking) position of the respective offshore wind turbine 700.1 to 700.4, in particular in Relation to at least one other offshore wind turbine 700.1 to 700.4 of the offshore wind farm 760.
  • a plan and/or a model of the offshore wind farm 760 can be stored (for example in the data storage arrangement 774 or another storage arrangement), in which each offshore - Wind turbine 700.1 to 700.4 is assigned a parking position attribute.
  • the parking position can at least be derived from the respective parking position attribute.
  • the respective parking position attribute can be used to (dynamically) form at least two subgroups of offshore wind turbines 700.1 to 700.4.
  • the classification can be (inherently) mapped in particular in an assignment table or database.
  • the at least one altitude setpoint determination device 772 can be set up to (in advance) determine the altitude setpoints for controlling the plurality of offshore wind turbines 700.1 to 700.4 given at least one measured or predicted meteorological environmental condition.
  • the height setpoint determination device 772 can be set up to carry out a plurality of simulation steps, based in particular on a simulation model of the plurality of wind turbines 700.1 to 700.4 of the offshore wind farm 760. In other variants of the application, tests to determine the power yield can actually be carried out, as already described became.
  • a (mathematical) simulation model of the offshore wind farm 760 can be created during planning and before installation, with which at least the total electrical power generated can be simulated and in particular determined under different meteorological environmental conditions and in particular with differently set vertical distances/positions.
  • different desired height values can preferably be set for the plurality of offshore wind power plants 700.1 to 700.4 and the total electrical power generated in each case for the desired height values can be determined.
  • the height setpoints can be determined as height setpoints, i.e. position setpoint parameters (values), for (actually) controlling the plurality of offshore wind turbines 700.1 to 700.4 in the meteorological ambient conditions and, in particular, stored in an allocation table in the data storage arrangement 774, in which the determined total electrical power generated is maximum
  • the respective height setpoints can be determined by a simulation process (with a plurality of simulation steps), at which at least the simulated generated total electrical power is maximized.
  • each (specified) environmental condition for each offshore wind turbine 700.1 to 700.4 a height setpoint can be assigned.
  • a classification or height adjustment strategy can be specified and mapped by determining the desired height values.
  • the first row of offshore wind turbines 700.1, 700.2 in the wind direction ie with a specific detected environmental condition
  • the second row of offshore wind power plants 700.3, 700.4 in the direction of the wind can be controlled in such a way that the vertical distance is minimized (that is to say the hub height is minimized).
  • the setting can also be made exactly the other way round. If further intermediate heights and/or a continuous adjustment of the Distances or heights are possible, other classification or height adjustment strategies can also be provided.
  • At least one specific meteorological environmental parameter of the offshore wind farm 760 can be provided.
  • the at least one meteorological environmental parameter can be made available to the control device 762 via the communication module 764 .
  • the at least one specific meteorological environmental parameter can be an instantaneous meteorological environmental parameter measured by at least one measuring device and/or a predicted meteorological environmental parameter.
  • a plurality of meteorological environmental parameters can be provided, such as wind direction (measured and / or forecast), wind force (measured and / or forecast), wave height (measured and / or forecast) and wave direction (measured and / or forecast ).
  • the detection device 770 can in particular detect whether at least one of the (specified) meteorological environmental conditions is fulfilled by the at least one determined and provided meteorological environmental parameter.
  • a meteorological environmental condition includes in particular at least one meteorological environmental parameter range. During the detection, it can be checked whether the meteorological environmental parameter is in the at least one environmental parameter range or not. In other words, it can be checked whether the at least one meteorological environmental parameter (value) satisfies the at least one environmental condition or not.
  • the height control module 768 can control at least one
  • Position stabilization device of an offshore wind power plant 700.1 to 700.4 with a height setpoint or position setpoint parameter for effecting a change in particular a vertical distance of the buoyant foundation of the offshore wind power plant 700.1 to 700.4 to the underwater ground surface according to the height setpoint.
  • a height setpoint or position setpoint parameter for effecting a change in particular a vertical distance of the buoyant foundation of the offshore wind power plant 700.1 to 700.4 to the underwater ground surface according to the height setpoint.
  • at least every offshore wind power installation 700.1 to 700.4 in which the vertical distance is to be changed can be controlled.
  • Height control module 768 can preferably access the assignment table described and stored in data storage system 774 in order to determine or read out the desired height values (or desired position parameters) to be used for control. Then, height control module 768 can cause corresponding control commands to be sent, each containing at least a height setpoint (previously described). The control commands can be transmitted to the respective offshore wind power plants 700.1 to 700.4 via the communication module 764 and the communication network 756. the respective
  • Position stabilization devices can then - adjust the vertical distance or the vertical position - in the manner described above.
  • the individual heights of the wind turbine hubs can be adjusted in such a way that the yield is maximized.
  • height adjustments are continuous or discrete, for example by means of two or three preset heights.
  • Figure 8 shows a diagram of an embodiment of a method according to the present application for stabilizing the position of a buoyant offshore structure, in particular a buoyant offshore structure according to one of the previous embodiments, wherein the offshore structure comprises at least one anchoring arrangement, set up for fastening the Offshore structure on an underwater bed in an anchoring state of the offshore structure, wherein the anchoring arrangement comprises at least one anchor connection running between an anchor and the buoyant foundation.
  • a step 801 at least one target position parameter and at least one position parameter of the offshore structure are provided.
  • step 802 the length of the anchor connection between the anchor and the buoyant foundation in the anchored state is changed, based on the position parameter of the offshore structure and the position target parameter.

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  • Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une structure offshore flottante (100, 200, 300, 500, 600, 700), en particulier une éolienne offshore flottante (100, 200, 300, 500, 600, 700), comprenant au moins des fondations flottantes (104, 204, 304, 504, 604), au moins un corps flottant (106, 206, 306, 506, 606), et au moins un ensemble ancrage (108, 208, 508) conçu pour fixer la structure offshore (100, 200, 300, 500, 600, 700) à un plancher sous-marin (116, 216, 316, 516, 616) dans un état ancré de la structure offshore (100, 200, 300, 500, 600, 700), ledit ensemble d'ancrage (108, 208, 508) comprenant au moins une liaison d'ancrage (109, 209, 509) qui s'étend entre une ancre (110, 210, 510) et les fondations flottantes (104, 204, 304, 504, 604), et au moins un dispositif de stabilisation de position (112, 212, 512, 612) conçu pour modifier la longueur de la liaison d'ancrage (109, 209, 509) entre l'ancre (110, 210, 510) et les fondations flottantes (104, 204, 304, 504, 604) dans l'état ancré sur la base d'au moins un paramètre de position de la structure offshore (100, 200, 300, 500, 600, 700) et d'au moins un paramètre de position cible.
EP21763047.4A 2020-09-08 2021-08-13 Structure offshore flottante Pending EP4211029A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020123374.4A DE102020123374A1 (de) 2020-09-08 2020-09-08 Schwimmfähiges Offshore-Bauwerk
PCT/EP2021/072577 WO2022053259A1 (fr) 2020-09-08 2021-08-13 Structure offshore flottante

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EP4211029A1 true EP4211029A1 (fr) 2023-07-19

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US (1) US20230192241A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4211029A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2023551350A (fr)
KR (1) KR20230070234A (fr)
AU (1) AU2021340152A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102020123374A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022053259A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102020123375A1 (de) * 2020-09-08 2022-03-10 Rwe Renewables Gmbh Schwimmfähige Offshore-Windkraftanlage
CN116163892B (zh) * 2023-02-27 2023-12-01 广东海洋大学 一种浮式风机减摇阻尼装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3540396A (en) * 1968-06-07 1970-11-17 Deep Oil Technology Inc Offshore well apparatus and system
DE10034847A1 (de) 2000-07-18 2002-02-14 Maierform Maritime Technology Ortsfeste Positionierung von Funktionseinheiten auf dem oder im Wasser
DE102006056772A1 (de) * 2006-12-01 2008-06-05 Joachim Falkenhagen Verfahren zur Schiffsstabilisierung durch Zugverbindungen zu auf den Grund abgesenkten Gewichten
CA2699380A1 (fr) * 2007-09-13 2009-03-19 Floating Windfarms Corporation Eolienne a axe vertical au large, systemes et procedes associes
DE102008029982A1 (de) 2008-06-24 2009-12-31 Schopf, Walter, Dipl.-Ing. Stabilisierungs- und Wartungseinrichtung für seilabgespannte am Meeresboden aufsitzende, sowie für verankerte schwimmende Trägereinrichtungen an Offshore-Energieanlagen
DE102009057794A1 (de) 2009-12-11 2011-06-16 Wilhelm Ebrecht Schwimmfähige Offshore-Windkraftanlage und Verfahren zu deren Verankerung
CN102392796B (zh) * 2011-10-11 2013-07-03 苏州市思玛特电力科技有限公司 一种基于主动平衡控制的海上悬浮式风力发电机组
DE102012007613A1 (de) 2012-04-16 2013-10-17 Walter Schopf Schwimmende Trägerbasis für Offshore-Windenergieanlagen
DE102016011572A1 (de) 2016-09-23 2018-03-29 Martin Daum Bauwerk zur Errichtung an Gewässeroberflächen und Verfahren zu seiner Errichtung

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Publication number Publication date
DE102020123374A1 (de) 2022-03-10
WO2022053259A1 (fr) 2022-03-17
KR20230070234A (ko) 2023-05-22
AU2021340152A1 (en) 2023-04-06
US20230192241A1 (en) 2023-06-22
JP2023551350A (ja) 2023-12-08

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