EP4210080A1 - Arc-extinguishing fragmentation chimney plate and chimney comprising same - Google Patents

Arc-extinguishing fragmentation chimney plate and chimney comprising same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4210080A1
EP4210080A1 EP23150779.9A EP23150779A EP4210080A1 EP 4210080 A1 EP4210080 A1 EP 4210080A1 EP 23150779 A EP23150779 A EP 23150779A EP 4210080 A1 EP4210080 A1 EP 4210080A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
plates
chimney
projections
delimiting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP23150779.9A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Nicolas Quentin
Aurel Gavid
Jean-Pierre Vernier
John Garcia
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Holdings SA
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Alstom Holdings SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Holdings SA filed Critical Alstom Holdings SA
Publication of EP4210080A1 publication Critical patent/EP4210080A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/342—Venting arrangements for arc chutes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/36—Metal parts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a chimney plate for fragmentation and arc extinction of a direct current circuit breaker with air breaking, of the type delimiting at its center a central aperture with a closed contour, the plate comprising on at least a face of the projections delimiting between them radial channels connecting, along the surface of the plate, the light to the periphery of the plate, characterized in that it comprises means for modifying the state of opening of at least one channel between two adjacent projections. It further relates to a fireplace and a direct current circuit breaker.
  • the fireplace is made up of plates arranged on top of each other. These plates delimit between them radial ducts allowing an escape of the gases produced and of the heat all along the length of the flue.
  • the chimney has a relatively large size and the circuit breaker is therefore a bulky object, in particular in a railway vehicle.
  • the object of the invention is to make it possible to limit the size of the chimney and therefore of the circuit breaker while allowing satisfactory extinction of the arc.
  • the subject of the invention is an arc splitting and extinguishing chimney plate of a direct current circuit breaker of the aforementioned type, characterized in that it comprises means for modifying the state of opening of at least one channel between two adjacent projections.
  • the invention also relates to a stack for splitting and extinguishing an arc of a direct current circuit breaker comprising a stack of plates as described above with alignment along the same axis of the central slots of the plates to delimit a conduit fireplace, the channels of a plate delimiting, with the adjacent plate resting on the projections, radial evacuation ducts opening outwards via outlet vents.
  • the subject of the invention is a direct current circuit breaker comprising a chimney as defined above and a switch arranged in the extension of the flue of the chimney.
  • Circuit breaker 10 shown in figure 1 is intended to be installed on board a railway vehicle.
  • connection terminals 12 and 14 One is able to be connected to a direct current source such as a pantograph connected to the power supply network.
  • the other terminal is intended to be connected to loads such as the vehicle drive motors.
  • Circuit breaker 10 comprises a body 16 in which is arranged a switch 18, one of whose contacts, which is movable, 20 is connected to terminal 16 and whose other fixed contact 22 is connected to terminal 12.
  • the moving contact 20 is secured to the terminal 14 by a conductive braid 24.
  • An actuator 26 is arranged in the body 16 to ensure movement of the moving contact 20 between a position spaced from the fixed contact 22 as illustrated on the figure 1 and a position in contact with the fixed contact 22 allowing the flow of electric current between the terminals 12 and 14.
  • the body 16 is surmounted to the right of the contacts 20, 22 by a chimney 30 for fragmentation and extinction of the electric arc formed between the two terminals 20, 22 when the switch 18 is opened.
  • the chimney 30 has a parallelepipedic outer shape. It has in its center an axial flue 32 whose axis is aligned with the contacts 20, 22. The flue is closed off opposite the contacts 20, 22 by a cover 34.
  • the chimney is formed from a stack of individual plates 36, an example of which is shown in figure 2 And 3 in two distinct configurations.
  • radial ducts 38 connecting the flue 32 to the outside. These ducts open through vents 39 for releasing the gases and the heat produced by the arc into the external environment.
  • All the plates forming the chimney 30 are initially, before assembly and configuration, identical to that denoted 36A of the picture 2 .
  • These plates are rectangular in shape and have in their center a through oblong slot 40 delimiting the flue. This oblong lumen is centered in the plate and has its major axis coincident with the major axis of the rectangular plate.
  • the plate On only one of its faces, the plate has projections 42, 10 in number on the picture 2 .
  • the projections form flat bearing surfaces on their upper part for the support of the immediately superimposed plate. Some projections are traversed by a hole passing through the plate right through. These holes allow the reception of screws of securing the plates together, these screws extending over the entire height of the chimney.
  • the projections are each adjacent to the periphery of the plate and they delimit between them with the flat part of the plate channels 44 connecting the light 40 and the periphery of the plate where the openings 39 are formed. These channels 44, when they are covered with a plate resting on the projections 42, delimit the ducts 38 visible on the figure 1 .
  • the protrusions are distributed by five on the longest sides of the plates.
  • the median projections comprise on the edge of the plate along its thickness slideways 46 in the form of dovetails capable of receiving screens, as will be described later.
  • the central light 40 has, in its middle part, on each side, a local enlargement 47 at the level of the median channels denoted 48. These enlargements 47 locally increase the cross section of the flue.
  • the median channels 48 are, when the plates are produced, each closed by a frangible wall 50 extending between the two adjacent projections 42.
  • the wall 50 extends over the entire thickness of the plate, thus ensuring complete obstruction of the channel.
  • the wall is formed on the edge of the opening 40 delimiting the flue.
  • These walls are frangible, that is to say they can be broken manually or with a suitable tool to allow opening of the channel 48 initially closed by the wall 50.
  • a free passage, designated by 60 on the picture 3 is then formed at the location of the wall 50 which has been broken on the plate designated by the reference 36B.
  • the plate Behind the walls 50, in the middle position along the length of the middle channels 48, the plate has transverse slots 52 extending over the entire width of the duct from one projection 42 to the opposite projection.
  • the plates are stacked on top of each other with alignment of lights 40 in the extension of switch 18.
  • metal blades 62 are carried by each plate on supports 64 halfway up the projections 42 visible on a larger scale on the figure 2 . These metal blades protrude partially into the flue 32.
  • the lower plates close to the switch 18 are advantageously identical to those 36A of the figure 2 and have a channel blocking wall 50 medians as seen on the figure 4 , thus blocking the radial conduits 38 corresponding.
  • the plates denoted 36B are identical to those appearing on the picture 3 and have a free passage 60 at the location of the walls 50, the latter having been broken to allow the circulation of gases through the duct arranged behind between the two projections 42.
  • a shutter 80 as illustrated more clearly in the figure 5 is arranged in the slots 52, thus making it possible to close off the corresponding ducts 38 in their middle part while making it possible to increase the open section of the chimney duct for guiding the arc.
  • the notches 46 receive screens 47, these screens 87 being formed of a particularly rectangular plate bearing on one of the sides a complementary profile 88 to the profile of the groove 46, thus allowing their introduction by sliding and their retention.

Abstract

La plaque (36) de cheminée (32) de fragmentation et d'extinction d'arc d'un disjoncteur(10) à courant continu, la plaque (36) délimite en son centre une lumière centrale (40) à contour fermé, la plaque comporte sur au moins une face des saillies (42) délimitant entre elles des canaux (44) radiaux reliant, le long de la surface de la plaque, la lumière (40) à la périphérie de la plaque, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens pour modifier l'état d'ouverture d'au moins un canal (44) entre deux saillies adjacentes (42).The chimney plate (36) for fragmentation and arc extinction of a direct current circuit breaker (10), the plate (36) delimits at its center a central aperture (40) with a closed contour, the plate comprises on at least one face projections (42) delimiting between them radial channels (44) connecting, along the surface of the plate, the slot (40) to the periphery of the plate, characterized in that it comprises means for modifying the open state of at least one channel (44) between two adjacent projections (42).

Description

La présente invention concerne une plaque de cheminée de fragmentation et d'extinction d'arc d'un disjoncteur à courant continu à coupure dans l'air, du type délimitant en son centre une lumière centrale à contour fermé, la plaque comportant sur au moins une face des saillies délimitant entre elles des canaux radiaux reliant, le long de la surface de la plaque, la lumière à la périphérie de la plaque, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens pour modifier l'état d'ouverture d'au moins un canal entre deux saillies adjacentes. Elle concerne en outre une cheminée et un disjoncteur à courant continu.The present invention relates to a chimney plate for fragmentation and arc extinction of a direct current circuit breaker with air breaking, of the type delimiting at its center a central aperture with a closed contour, the plate comprising on at least a face of the projections delimiting between them radial channels connecting, along the surface of the plate, the light to the periphery of the plate, characterized in that it comprises means for modifying the state of opening of at least one channel between two adjacent projections. It further relates to a fireplace and a direct current circuit breaker.

Dans les installations alimentées en courant continu sous une forte tension, et notamment dans les véhicules ferroviaires, il est nécessaire, pour déconnecter les charges du réseau, d'ouvrir les disjoncteurs alors qu'une tension importante existe entre les contacts. Cette forte différence de potentiel crée un arc électrique qu'il convient d'éteindre.In installations supplied with direct current under high voltage, and in particular in railway vehicles, it is necessary, in order to disconnect the loads from the network, to open the circuit breakers while a high voltage exists between the contacts. This strong potential difference creates an electric arc which must be extinguished.

À cet effet, il est connu de prévoir, dans le prolongement des corps de disjoncteurs, une cheminée délimitant un conduit rectiligne à l'intérieur duquel l'arc se développe en forme de U d'un contact à l'autre.To this end, it is known to provide, in the extension of the circuit breaker bodies, a chimney defining a rectilinear duct inside which the arc develops in the form of a U from one contact to the other.

La cheminée est formée de plaques disposées les unes sur les autres. Ces plaques délimitent entre elles des conduits radiaux permettant un échappement des gaz produits et de la chaleur tout au long de la longueur du conduit de cheminée.The fireplace is made up of plates arranged on top of each other. These plates delimit between them radial ducts allowing an escape of the gases produced and of the heat all along the length of the flue.

Ces plaques sont chacune prolongées à l'intérieur du conduit de cheminée par des lames métalliques permettant une fragmentation de l'arc et une extinction progressive de l'arc.These plates are each extended inside the chimney flue by metal blades allowing fragmentation of the arc and progressive extinction of the arc.

L'arc étant très énergétique, la cheminée présente une taille relativement importante et l'disjoncteur est donc un objet encombrant notamment dans un véhicule ferroviaire.The arc being very energetic, the chimney has a relatively large size and the circuit breaker is therefore a bulky object, in particular in a railway vehicle.

L'invention a pour but de permettre de limiter la taille de la cheminée et donc de l'disjoncteur tout en permettant une extinction satisfaisante de l'arc.The object of the invention is to make it possible to limit the size of the chimney and therefore of the circuit breaker while allowing satisfactory extinction of the arc.

À cet effet, l'invention a pour objet une plaque de cheminée de fractionnement et d'extinction d'arc d'un disjoncteur à courant continu de type précité, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens pour modifier l'état d'ouverture d'au moins un canal entre deux saillies adjacentes.To this end, the subject of the invention is an arc splitting and extinguishing chimney plate of a direct current circuit breaker of the aforementioned type, characterized in that it comprises means for modifying the state of opening of at least one channel between two adjacent projections.

Suivant des modes particuliers de réalisation, la plaque comporte une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :

  • elle comporte au moins une paroi frangible reliant deux saillies adjacentes et obturant un canal radial ;
  • la paroi frangible est venue de matière avec le reste de la plaque ;
  • entre la lumière centrale et la périphérie de la plaque, au moins une fente traverse l'épaisseur de la plaque et s'étend suivant toute la largeur du canal entre deux saillies adjacentes en travers du canal radial ; et
  • la lumière centrale a une forme oblongue et présente dans sa partie médiane un élargissement latéral.
According to particular embodiments, the plate comprises one or more of the following characteristics:
  • it comprises at least one frangible wall connecting two adjacent projections and closing off a radial channel;
  • the frangible wall is made in one piece with the rest of the plate;
  • between the central slot and the periphery of the plate, at least one slot passes through the thickness of the plate and extends along the entire width of the channel between two adjacent projections across the radial channel; And
  • the central lumen has an oblong shape and has a lateral widening in its middle part.

L'invention a également pour objet une cheminée de fractionnement et d'extinction d'un arc d'un disjoncteur à courant continu comportant un empilement de plaques tel que décrit précédemment avec alignement suivant un même axe des lumières centrales des plaques pour délimiter un conduit de cheminée, les canaux d'une plaque délimitant, avec la plaque adjacente en appui sur les saillies, des conduits radiaux d'évacuation s'ouvrant vers l'extérieur par des ouïes de sortie.The invention also relates to a stack for splitting and extinguishing an arc of a direct current circuit breaker comprising a stack of plates as described above with alignment along the same axis of the central slots of the plates to delimit a conduit fireplace, the channels of a plate delimiting, with the adjacent plate resting on the projections, radial evacuation ducts opening outwards via outlet vents.

Suivant des modes particuliers de réalisation, la cheminée comporte l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :

  • une partie des plaques ont une paroi frangible en place et une partie des plaques ont un passage libre à l'endroit de la paroi frangible qui a été rompue,
  • elle comporte un volet d'obturation reçu dans au moins deux fentes alignées de plaques adjacentes, obturant au moins un conduit délimité entre deux plaques ;
  • elle comporte, pour chaque plaque, au moins une lame métallique interposée entre deux plaques et faisant saillie partiellement dans le conduit de cheminée ; et
  • elle comporte au moins un écran rapporté à la périphérie des plaques et séparant les ouïes de sortie.
According to particular embodiments, the chimney comprises one or more of the following characteristics:
  • part of the plates have a frangible wall in place and part of the plates have a free passage at the location of the frangible wall which has been broken,
  • it comprises a shutter received in at least two aligned slots of adjacent plates, closing off at least one duct delimited between two plates;
  • it comprises, for each plate, at least one metal blade interposed between two plates and partially projecting into the flue; And
  • it comprises at least one screen attached to the periphery of the plates and separating the outlet openings.

Enfin, l'invention a pour objet un disjoncteur à courant continu comportant une cheminée telle que définie ci-dessus et un interrupteur disposé dans le prolongement du conduit de la cheminée.Finally, the subject of the invention is a direct current circuit breaker comprising a chimney as defined above and a switch arranged in the extension of the flue of the chimney.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins sur lesquels :

  • [Fig 1] La figure 1 est une vue de côté et en coupe d'un disjoncteur à courant continu ;
  • [Fig 2] La figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'une plaque dans sa configuration initiale utilisée dans la constitution de la cheminée de l'interrupteur de la figure 1 ;
  • [Fig 3] La figure 3 est une vue identique à celle de la figure 2 d'une plaque sur laquelle des parois frangibles ont été rompues ;
  • [Fig 4] La figure 4 est une vue en perspective de l'interrupteur de la figure 1 dans laquelle seulement certaines plaques constitutives de la cheminée ont été représentées ; et
  • [Fig 5] La figure 5 est une vue identique à la figure 4 montrant un volet d'obturation mis en place.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the drawings in which:
  • [ Fig 1 ] There figure 1 is a side and cross-sectional view of a DC circuit breaker;
  • [ Fig 2 ] There figure 2 is a perspective view of a plate in its initial configuration used in the constitution of the chimney of the switch of the figure 1 ;
  • [ Fig.3 ] There picture 3 is a view identical to that of the figure 2 a plate on which frangible walls have been broken;
  • [ Fig 4 ] There figure 4 is a perspective view of the switch of the figure 1 in which only certain constituent plates of the fireplace have been represented; And
  • [ Fig.5 ] There figure 5 is a view identical to the figure 4 showing a shutter in place.

Le disjoncteur 10 illustré sur la figure 1 est destiné à être implanté à bord d'un véhicule ferroviaire.Circuit breaker 10 shown in figure 1 is intended to be installed on board a railway vehicle.

Il comporte deux bornes de connexion 12 et 14. L'une est propre à être reliée à une source de courant continu telle qu'un pantographe relié au réseau d'alimentation. L'autre borne est destinée à être reliée à des charges telles que les moteurs d'entraînement du véhicule.It has two connection terminals 12 and 14. One is able to be connected to a direct current source such as a pantograph connected to the power supply network. The other terminal is intended to be connected to loads such as the vehicle drive motors.

Le disjoncteur 10 comporte un corps 16 dans laquelle est disposé un interrupteur 18 dont l'un des contacts, qui est mobile, 20 est relié à la borne 16 et dont l'autre contact fixe 22 est relié à la borne 12.Circuit breaker 10 comprises a body 16 in which is arranged a switch 18, one of whose contacts, which is movable, 20 is connected to terminal 16 and whose other fixed contact 22 is connected to terminal 12.

Le contact mobile 20 est solidarisé à la borne 14 par une tresse conductrice 24. Un actionneur 26 est disposé dans le corps 16 pour assurer un déplacement du contact mobile 20 entre une position écartée du contact fixe 22 comme illustré sur la figure 1 et une position en contact avec le contact fixe 22 permettant la circulation du courant électrique entre les bornes 12 et 14.The moving contact 20 is secured to the terminal 14 by a conductive braid 24. An actuator 26 is arranged in the body 16 to ensure movement of the moving contact 20 between a position spaced from the fixed contact 22 as illustrated on the figure 1 and a position in contact with the fixed contact 22 allowing the flow of electric current between the terminals 12 and 14.

L'corps 16 est surmonté au droit des contacts 20, 22 d'une cheminée 30 de fragmentation et d'extinction de l'arc électrique formé entre les deux bornes 20, 22 lors de l'ouverture du interrupteur18.The body 16 is surmounted to the right of the contacts 20, 22 by a chimney 30 for fragmentation and extinction of the electric arc formed between the two terminals 20, 22 when the switch 18 is opened.

La cheminée 30 est de forme extérieure parallélépipédique. Elle présente en son centre un conduit de cheminée axial 32 dont l'axe est aligné avec les contacts 20, 22. Le conduit de cheminée est obturé à l'opposé des contacts 20, 22 par un couvercle 34.The chimney 30 has a parallelepipedic outer shape. It has in its center an axial flue 32 whose axis is aligned with the contacts 20, 22. The flue is closed off opposite the contacts 20, 22 by a cover 34.

La cheminée est formée d'un empilement de plaques 36 individuelles dont un exemple est représenté en figures 2 et 3 suivant deux configurations distinctes.The chimney is formed from a stack of individual plates 36, an example of which is shown in figure 2 And 3 in two distinct configurations.

Entre ces plaques sont ménagés des conduits radiaux 38 reliant le conduit de cheminée 32 à l'extérieur. Ces conduits s'ouvrent par des ouïes 39 de libération dans le milieu extérieur des gaz et de la chaleur produit par l'arc.Between these plates are formed radial ducts 38 connecting the flue 32 to the outside. These ducts open through vents 39 for releasing the gases and the heat produced by the arc into the external environment.

L'ensemble des plaques formant la cheminée 30 sont initialement, avant montage et configuration, identiques à celle notée 36A de la figure 2. Ces plaques sont de forme rectangulaire et présentent en leur centre une lumière oblongue traversante 40 délimitant le conduit de cheminée. Cette lumière oblongue est centrée dans la plaque et a son grand axe confondu avec le grand axe de la plaque rectangulaire.All the plates forming the chimney 30 are initially, before assembly and configuration, identical to that denoted 36A of the picture 2 . These plates are rectangular in shape and have in their center a through oblong slot 40 delimiting the flue. This oblong lumen is centered in the plate and has its major axis coincident with the major axis of the rectangular plate.

Sur l'une seulement de ses faces, la plaque comporte des saillies 42, au nombre de 10 sur la figure 2. Les saillies forment des surfaces d'appui planes sur leur partie supérieure pour l'appui de la plaque immédiatement superposée. Certaines saillies sont traversées d'un trou traversant la plaque de part en part. Ces trous permettent la réception de vis de solidarisation des plaques entre elles, ces vis s'étendant sur toute la hauteur de la cheminée.On only one of its faces, the plate has projections 42, 10 in number on the picture 2 . The projections form flat bearing surfaces on their upper part for the support of the immediately superimposed plate. Some projections are traversed by a hole passing through the plate right through. These holes allow the reception of screws of securing the plates together, these screws extending over the entire height of the chimney.

Les saillies sont chacune adjacentes à la périphérie de la plaque et elles délimitent entre elles avec la partie plane de la plaque des canaux 44 reliant la lumière 40 et la périphérie de la plaque où sont formées les ouïes 39. Ces canaux 44, lorsqu'ils sont recouverts d'une plaque reposant sur les saillies 42, délimitent les conduits 38 visibles sur la figure 1.The projections are each adjacent to the periphery of the plate and they delimit between them with the flat part of the plate channels 44 connecting the light 40 and the periphery of the plate where the openings 39 are formed. These channels 44, when they are covered with a plate resting on the projections 42, delimit the ducts 38 visible on the figure 1 .

Les saillies sont réparties par cinq sur les plus grands côtés des plaques. Les saillies médianes comportent sur le bord de la plaque suivant son épaisseur des glissières 46 en forme de queues d'aronde propres à recevoir des écrans, comme cela sera décrit ultérieurement.The protrusions are distributed by five on the longest sides of the plates. The median projections comprise on the edge of the plate along its thickness slideways 46 in the form of dovetails capable of receiving screens, as will be described later.

La lumière centrale 40 présente, dans sa partie médiane, de chaque côté, un élargissement local 47 au niveau des canaux médians notés 48. Ces élargissements 47 augmentent localement la section transversale du conduit de cheminée.The central light 40 has, in its middle part, on each side, a local enlargement 47 at the level of the median channels denoted 48. These enlargements 47 locally increase the cross section of the flue.

Les canaux médians 48 sont, en sortie de fabrication de plaques, fermés chacun par une paroi frangible 50 s'étendant entre les deux saillies adjacentes 42. La paroi 50 s'étend sur toute l'épaisseur de la plaque, assurant ainsi une obstruction complète du canal. La paroi est formée sur le bord de la lumière 40 délimitant le conduit de cheminée.The median channels 48 are, when the plates are produced, each closed by a frangible wall 50 extending between the two adjacent projections 42. The wall 50 extends over the entire thickness of the plate, thus ensuring complete obstruction of the channel. The wall is formed on the edge of the opening 40 delimiting the flue.

Ces parois 50 sont venues de matière avec les plaques, lesquelles sont généralement réalisées en matière plastique.These walls 50 are made in one piece with the plates, which are generally made of plastic material.

Ces parois sont frangibles, c'est-à-dire qu'elles peuvent être rompues manuellement ou avec un outil adapté pour permettre une ouverture du canal 48 initialement fermé par la paroi 50. Un passage libre, désigné par 60 sur la figure 3, est alors formé à l'endroit de la paroi 50 qui a été rompue sur la plaque désignée par la référence 36B.These walls are frangible, that is to say they can be broken manually or with a suitable tool to allow opening of the channel 48 initially closed by the wall 50. A free passage, designated by 60 on the picture 3 , is then formed at the location of the wall 50 which has been broken on the plate designated by the reference 36B.

En arrière des parois 50, en position médiane suivant la longueur des canaux médians 48, la plaque comporte des fentes transversales 52 s'étendant sur toute la largeur du conduit d'une saillie 42 à la saillie opposée.Behind the walls 50, in the middle position along the length of the middle channels 48, the plate has transverse slots 52 extending over the entire width of the duct from one projection 42 to the opposite projection.

Comme illustré sur la figure 4, où certaines plaques ont été retirées, les plaques sont empilées les unes sur les autres avec alignement des lumières 40 dans le prolongement de l'interrupteur 18.As illustrated on the figure 4 , where some plates have been removed, the plates are stacked on top of each other with alignment of lights 40 in the extension of switch 18.

En outre, des lames métalliques 62 sont portées par chaque plaque sur des appuis 64 à mi-hauteur des saillies 42 visibles à plus grande échelle sur la figure 2. Ces lames métalliques font saillie partiellement dans le conduit de cheminée 32.In addition, metal blades 62 are carried by each plate on supports 64 halfway up the projections 42 visible on a larger scale on the figure 2 . These metal blades protrude partially into the flue 32.

Dans l'empilement des plaques 36 formant la cheminée et comme visible sur la figure 1, les plaques inférieures proches de l'interrupteur 18 sont avantageusement identiques à celles 36A de la figure 2 et présentent une paroi 50 de blocage des canaux médians comme visible sur la figure 4, bloquant ainsi les conduits radiaux 38 correspondants.In the stack of plates 36 forming the chimney and as visible on the figure 1 , the lower plates close to the switch 18 are advantageously identical to those 36A of the figure 2 and have a channel blocking wall 50 medians as seen on the figure 4 , thus blocking the radial conduits 38 corresponding.

Au contraire, en partie haute et comme visible sur la figure 1, c'est-à-dire à l'opposé du corps16, les plaques notées 36B sont identiques à celles figurant sur la figure 3 et présentent un passage libre 60 à l'endroit des parois 50, ces dernières ayant été rompues pour permettre la circulation des gaz au travers du conduit disposé en arrière entre les deux saillies 42.On the contrary, in the upper part and as visible on the figure 1 , that is to say opposite the body16, the plates denoted 36B are identical to those appearing on the picture 3 and have a free passage 60 at the location of the walls 50, the latter having been broken to allow the circulation of gases through the duct arranged behind between the two projections 42.

On comprend qu'ainsi lors du fonctionnement de la cheminée, l'arc est contenu dans la cheminée en partie basse de la cheminée et les gaz ne peuvent pas circuler au travers des conduits latéraux médians qui sont obturés dans la partie basse de la cheminée. En revanche, en partie haute de la cheminée, les gaz sont libres de circuler au travers des conduits latéraux médians.It is understood that thus during the operation of the chimney, the arc is contained in the chimney in the lower part of the chimney and the gases cannot circulate through the median side ducts which are closed off in the lower part of the chimney. On the other hand, in the upper part of the chimney, the gases are free to circulate through the median side ducts.

Avantageusement, en partie médiane de la cheminée dans la zone désignée par 70 sur la figure 1, dans laquelle les plaques sont des plaques 36B dont les parois ont été rompues, un volet d'obturation 80 tel qu'illustré plus clairement sur la figure 5 est disposé dans les fentes 52, permettant ainsi d'obturer les conduits 38 correspondants dans leur partie médiane tout en permettant d'accroître la section ouverte du conduit de cheminée pour le guidage de l'arc.Advantageously, in the middle part of the chimney in the area designated by 70 on the figure 1 , in which the plates are plates 36B whose walls have been broken, a shutter 80 as illustrated more clearly in the figure 5 is arranged in the slots 52, thus making it possible to close off the corresponding ducts 38 in their middle part while making it possible to increase the open section of the chimney duct for guiding the arc.

Comme illustré sur la figure 4, les encoches 46 reçoivent des écrans 47, ces écrans 87 étant formés d'une plaque notamment rectangulaire portant sur l'un des côtés un profil complémentaire 88 au profil de la rainure 46, permettant ainsi leur introduction par coulissement et leur retenue.As illustrated on the figure 4 , the notches 46 receive screens 47, these screens 87 being formed of a particularly rectangular plate bearing on one of the sides a complementary profile 88 to the profile of the groove 46, thus allowing their introduction by sliding and their retention.

Ces écrans permettent une séparation des flux gazeux chauds sortant latéralement de la cheminée lors de la propagation et l'extinction de l'arc.These screens allow separation of the hot gas streams exiting laterally from the chimney during the propagation and extinction of the arc.

On comprend que l'usage de plaques initialement identiques dotées de moyens de contrôle de l'état d'ouverture des conduits radiaux permet d'adapter la structure de la cheminée en fonction du type d'arc à éteindre et ainsi d'optimiser l'extinction tout en conservant un encombrement relativement réduit de la cheminée.It is understood that the use of initially identical plates equipped with means for controlling the state of opening of the radial ducts makes it possible to adapt the structure of the chimney according to the type of arc to be extinguished and thus to optimize the extinction while maintaining a relatively small footprint of the chimney.

Claims (11)

Plaque (36) de cheminée (32) de fragmentation et d'extinction d'arc d'un disjoncteur(10) à courant continu, la plaque (36) délimitant en son centre une lumière centrale (40) à contour fermé, la plaque comportant sur au moins une face des saillies (42) délimitant entre elles des canaux (44) radiaux reliant, le long de la surface de la plaque, la lumière (40) à la périphérie de la plaque, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte des moyens pour modifier l'état d'ouverture d'au moins un canal (44) entre deux saillies adjacentes (42).Chimney (36) plate (32) for fragmentation and arc extinction of a direct current circuit breaker (10), the plate (36) delimiting at its center a central aperture (40) with a closed contour, the plate comprising on at least one face projections (42) delimiting between them radial channels (44) connecting, along the surface of the plate, the slot (40) to the periphery of the plate, characterized in that it comprises means for modifying the open state of at least one channel (44) between two adjacent projections (42). Plaque selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte au moins une paroi frangible (50) reliant deux saillies adjacentes (42) et obturant un canal radial (44).Plate according to Claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one frangible wall (50) connecting two adjacent projections (42) and closing off a radial channel (44). Plaque selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la paroi frangible (50) est venue de matière avec le reste de la plaque.Plate according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the frangible wall (50) is made in one piece with the rest of the plate. Plaque selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte, entre la lumière centrale (40) et la périphérie de la plaque, au moins une fente (52) traversant l'épaisseur de la plaque et s'étendant suivant toute la largeur du canal (44) entre deux saillies adjacentes (42) en travers du canal radial (44).Plate according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises, between the central slot (40) and the periphery of the plate, at least one slot (52) passing through the thickness of the plate and extending along the entire width of the channel (44) between two adjacent projections (42) across the radial channel (44). Plaque selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la lumière centrale (40) a une forme oblongue et présente dans sa partie médiane un élargissement latéral (47).Plate according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the central slot (40) has an oblong shape and has a lateral widening (47) in its middle part. Cheminée de fragmentation et d'extraction d'un arc d'un disjoncteur (10) à courant continu comportant un empilement de plaques (36) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes avec alignement suivant un même axe des lumières centrales (42) des plaques pour délimiter un conduit de cheminée (32), les canaux (44) d'une plaque délimitant, avec la plaque adjacente en appui sur les saillies (42), des conduits radiaux (38) d'évacuation s'ouvrant vers l'extérieur par des ouïes de sortie (39).Chimney for fragmentation and extraction of an arc from a direct current circuit breaker (10) comprising a stack of plates (36) according to any one of the preceding claims with alignment along the same axis of the central slots (42) of the plates for delimiting a flue (32), the channels (44) of a plate delimiting, with the adjacent plate resting on the projections (42), radial ducts (38) for evacuation opening towards the outside by outlet vents (39). Cheminée selon la revendication 6, les plaques ayant les caractéristiques de l'une quelconque des revendications 2 et 3, caractérisée en ce qu'une partie des plaques (36A) ont une paroi frangible (50) en place et une partie des plaques (36B) ont un passage libre à l'endroit de la paroi frangible (50) qui a été rompue.Chimney according to Claim 6, the plates having the features of any one of Claims 2 and 3, characterized in that part of the plates (36A) have a frangible wall (50) in place and part of the plates (36B ) have a free passage at the location of the frangible wall (50) which has been broken. Cheminée selon la revendication 6 ou 7, les plaques ayant les caractéristiques de la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un volet d'obturation (80) reçu dans au moins deux fentes (52) alignées de plaques adjacentes, obturant au moins un conduit (38) délimité entre deux plaques (36).Chimney according to Claim 6 or 7, the plates having the characteristics of Claim 4, characterized in that it comprises a closing shutter (80) received in at least two aligned slots (52) of adjacent plates, closing at least a duct (38) delimited between two plates (36). Cheminée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte, pour chaque plaque (36), au moins une lame métallique (62) interposée entre deux plaques (36) et faisant saillie partiellement dans le conduit de cheminée (32).Chimney according to any one of Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that it comprises, for each plate (36), at least one metal strip (62) interposed between two plates (36) and partially projecting into the flue fireplace (32). Cheminée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 9, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte au moins un écran (47) rapporté à la périphérie des plaques (36) et séparant les ouïes de sortie (40).Chimney according to any one of Claims 6 to 9, characterized in that it comprises at least one screen (47) attached to the periphery of the plates (36) and separating the outlet openings (40). Disjoncteur à courant continu comportant une cheminée selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 10 et un interrupteur (18) disposé dans le prolongement du conduit de cheminée (32).Direct current circuit breaker comprising a chimney according to any one of Claims 6 to 10 and a switch (18) arranged in the extension of the chimney flue (32).
EP23150779.9A 2022-01-10 2023-01-09 Arc-extinguishing fragmentation chimney plate and chimney comprising same Pending EP4210080A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2200157A FR3131798A1 (en) 2022-01-10 2022-01-10 Arc fragmentation and extinguishing fireback and fireplace including it

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EP4210080A1 true EP4210080A1 (en) 2023-07-12

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FR (1) FR3131798A1 (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1876618A1 (en) * 2006-07-07 2008-01-09 Sécheron SA Adaptable arc chute for circuitbreaker
EP2936535B1 (en) * 2012-12-18 2017-02-01 Schneider Electric Industries SAS Modular electrical switch device comprising at least one unipolar cut-off unit and a switch assembly comprising such devices
WO2020241397A1 (en) * 2019-05-28 2020-12-03 三菱電機株式会社 Direct-current circuit breaker

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1876618A1 (en) * 2006-07-07 2008-01-09 Sécheron SA Adaptable arc chute for circuitbreaker
EP2936535B1 (en) * 2012-12-18 2017-02-01 Schneider Electric Industries SAS Modular electrical switch device comprising at least one unipolar cut-off unit and a switch assembly comprising such devices
WO2020241397A1 (en) * 2019-05-28 2020-12-03 三菱電機株式会社 Direct-current circuit breaker

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ANONYMOUS: "DCBreak Rolling Stock High Speed Direct Current circuit breaker", 1 January 2019 (2019-01-01), pages 1 - 32, XP055954331, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.manualslib.com/download/1612264/Abb-Dcbreak-Series.html> [retrieved on 20220824] *

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