Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
  • D02G3/38—Threads in which fibres, filaments, or yarns are wound with other yarns or filaments, e.g. wrap yarns, i.e. strands of filaments or staple fibres are wrapped by a helically wound binder yarn
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
  • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
  • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
  • D02G3/045—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials all components being made from artificial or synthetic material
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
  • D02G3/36—Cored or coated yarns or threads
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
  • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
  • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
  • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
  • D02G3/447—Yarns or threads for specific use in general industrial applications, e.g. as filters or reinforcement
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
  • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
  • D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
  • D21F7/00—Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
  • D21F7/08—Felts
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
  • D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
  • D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
  • D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
  • D10B2201/22—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres made from cellulose solutions
  • D10B2201/24—Viscose
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2211/00—Protein-based fibres, e.g. animal fibres
  • D10B2211/01—Natural animal fibres, e.g. keratin fibres
  • D10B2211/02—Wool
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
  • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
  • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
  • D10B2401/12—Physical properties biodegradable
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2505/00—Industrial
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
  • D10B2505/00—Industrial
  • D10B2505/04—Filters

Definitions

• the present invention relates to yarns, in particularly yarns used for manufacturing press felts.
• press felts are made from yarns consisting of monofilaments or twisted monofilaments.
• spun yarn is used together with the monofilaments, either twisted or wound around the filaments. The purpose of the spun yarn is to densify the felt and create a fast start-up and good nip dewatering.
• US5514438 A1 discloses a papermakers fabric comprising a felt made up of a base cloth and a batt of fibres needled to the base cloth.
• the papermakers fabric is woven from machine direction yarns and cross machine direction yarns.
• the machine direction yarns comprise a core of cabled monofilaments surrounded by a sheath of multifilaments.
• US4093512 A discloses papermakers' belts for use in papermaking machines which belts comprise ultra-high modulus load bearing yarn comprised of poly(para-phenylene terephthalamide).
• US20140096928 A1 discloses a paper machine belt, wherein some of the threads or all of the threads being made partially or entirely of a bioplastic.
• US20170175301 A1 discloses a hybrid cord comprising a first yarn, without initial S or Z twist, of continuous polymeric filaments forming the core of the cord, the yarn being a non-bulked yarn, and a second yarn, without initial S or Z twist, of continuous polymeric filaments, the second yarn being a bulked yarn that is wrapped around the first yarn.
• CN113355779 A discloses a covering yarn comprising a central tow and covering filaments wound on the central tow.
• the central tow comprises one or two or more central filaments.
• the central filaments are selected from synthetic fibers and the covering filaments are selected from plant fibers or mixed fibers.
• a yarn comprising a plurality of monofilaments twisted together, and a multifilament wound around the plurality of monofilaments, wherein the multifilament comprises a bio-based material.
• the yarn is used in an industrial textile, such as a press felt or a filter fabric.
• the yarn is used in a paper machine clothing.
• FIGURE 1 illustrates a yarn in accordance with at least some embodiments of the present invention.
• bio-based material refers to a material, which is wholly or partly derived from renewable biomass sources, such as plants, trees or animals.
• the material can be obtained from for example, a sugar containing plant (e.g. corn or sugar cane), plant fat or oil (e.g. castor oil), organic acid (e.g. succinic acid), corn starch, straw, woodchips, sawdust, recycled food waste.
• the bio-based material can be obtained by processing from natural biopolymers including polysaccharides (e.g. starch, cellulose, nanocellulose, microcellulose, chitosan and alginate) and proteins (e.g. soy protein, gluten and gelatin), or by chemically synthesizing from sugar derivatives (e.g.
• bio-based material can be for example, polylactic acid (PLA), bio-polyamide (bio-PA), bio-polybutylene succinate (bio-PBS), bio-polyethylene (bio-PE), bio-polyethylene terephthalate (bio-PET), bi-polypropylene (bio-PP), or bio-polyhydroxyalkanoate (bio-PHA).
• PHA polylactic acid
• bio-PA bio-polyamide
• bio-PBS bio-polybutylene succinate
• bio-PE bio-polyethylene
• bio-PET bio-polyethylene terephthalate
• bio-PP bi-polypropylene
• bio-PHA bio-polyhydroxyalkanoate
• Cellulose-based materials are bio-based materials manufactured from cellulose, such as cellulose fibres or cellulose derivate, for example, by dissolving pulp, treating pulp mechanically or transforming pulp directly to fibres with water and without any chemicals.
• the cellulose-based material can be for example, visco
• synthetic material refers to synthetic man-made polymers, which are derived from crude oil.
• the synthetic material can be for example, polyamide (PA), polyester (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) or polyphenylene sulphide (PPS).
• the term "overfeed” means that a multifilament yarn is fed faster than monofilaments in a yarn manufacturing. So, a length of the multifilament is longer than a length of the monofilament in the yarn.
• a yarn 100 comprises a plurality of monofilaments 101, 102, 103, 104 twisted together, and a multifilament 105 wound around the plurality of monofilaments 101, 102, 103, 104.
• the multifilament 105 comprises a bio-based material. It has surprisingly been found that the whole yarn does not have to be made from high quality materials, such as synthetic polyamide, but a part of the yarns, i.e. the multifilament, can be made from a material, which has a lower strength. When the material wears off due to its lower mechanical strength or dissolves due to its chemical composition, it opens the felt structure preventing it from getting too dense.
• a core comprising monofilaments provides strength for the yarn, and the multifilament around the core provides a densifying effect that is needed at the start-up of the felt. Therefore, the multifilament can be made of materials having a lower carbon footprint. Thanks to this, a carbon footprint of the whole yarn and products made from the yarn is reduced. So, the yarn comprising a bio-based material provides more sustainable option for generally used yarns manufactured entirely from fossil-based raw materials. So, the yarn provides longer life time for the press felt by keeping it open longer and a low carbon footprint without sacrificing mechanical properties of the yarn.
• the bio-based material is a cellulose-based material.
• Cellulose is natural, biodegradable and recyclable material and causes significantly smaller carbon dioxide emissions than synthetic materials. Therefore, the cellulose-based material is a more sustainable choice than fossil-based materials, which are refined and processed from crude oil.
• the cellulose-based material is selected from the group of viscose, lyocell, cupro, acetate, modal and cellulose carbamate.
• a utilization of wood-based cellulose as the raw material for fibres leads to a carbon-neutral cycle, whereby carbon dioxide, which binds to wood, is transported with the product and decomposes back into the atmosphere as a result of burning or biodegradation. Further, production of the cellulose fibres has lower impact on land use and lower emissions than production of many other fibers, such as cotton, allowing more farmland to be used for food production.
• the bio-based material is selected from the group of polylactic acid (PLA), bio-polyamide 6.10, bio-polyamide 4.10, bio-polyamide 5.10, bio-polyamide 10, bio-polyamide 10.10, bio-polyamide 11, bio-polybutylene succinate (bio-PBS), bio-polyethylene (bio-PE), bio-polyethylene terephthalate (bio-PET), bio-polypropylene (bio-PP), or bio-polyhydroxyalkanoate (bio-PHA).
• PLA can be manufactured from fermented plant starch, such as from corn, cassava, sugarcane or sugar beet pulp. Bio-polyamides and other bio-polymers are more sustainable choices than fossil-based polyamides, which are refined and processed from crude oil.
• the bio-based material can be also biodegradable.
• PLA, bio-PBS, bio-PP and bio-PHA are also biodegradable.
• these materials are capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms and thereby avoiding pollution.
• the plurality of monofilaments 101, 102, 103, 104 comprises polyamide (PA).
• the polyamide can be bio-based polyamide (bio-PA).
• Bio-based polyamide can be for example, bio-polyamide 6.10, bio-polyamide 4.10, bio-polyamide 5.10, bio-polyamide 10, bio-polyamide 10.10, or bio-polyamide 11.
• the above-mentioned polyamides are excellent choices when mechanical strength and wear resistance is needed.
• Polyamide 6 fibres are tough, possessing high tensile strength and elasticity. They are highly resistant to abrasion and chemicals, such as alkalis. Polyamide 6 has high water absorption.
• Polyamide 6.6 has a high mechanical strength, a rigidity and a good heat and chemical stability.
• Polyamide 6.10 has high impact resistance, chemical resistance and retention of dimension.
• Polyamide 11 has lower values of density, flexural and Young's modulus, water absorption, as well as melting and glass transition temperatures than polyamide 6. However, polyamide 11 is seen to have increased elasticity, abrasion resistance and, due to lower water absorption, dimensional stability in the presence of moisture than polyamide 6.
• the yarn 100 comprises 3-24 monofilaments 101, 102, 103, 104, preferably 3-12 monofilaments 101, 102, 103, 104, more preferably 3-6 monofilaments 101, 102, 103, 104.
• the yarn 100 can comprise 4, 6, 8 or 9 monofilaments 101, 102, 103, 104.
• a twist direction of the plurality of monofilaments 101, 102, 103, 104 is the same as a twist direction of the multifilament 105.
• the direction of the twist may be to the right (Z twist), or to the left (S twist).
• a twist direction of the plurality of monofilaments 101, 102, 103, 104 is the opposite as a twist direction of the multifilament 105.
• the direction of the twist may be to the right (Z twist), or to the left (S twist).
• FIGURE 1 illustrates a yarn 100 in accordance with at least some embodiments.
• the yarn comprises four monofilaments 101, 102, 103, 104 and a multifilament 105 wound around the said monofilaments.
• a twist direction of the four monofilaments 101, 102, 103, 104 is the same as a twist direction of the multifilament, being a left twist.
• diameters of the plurality of the monofilaments 101, 102, 103, 104 are 0.1-0.6 mm, preferably 0.2 mm.
• the diameters of the monofilaments can be selected according to the intended use of the yarn and the number of the monofilaments. For example, when the number of the monofilaments is increased, the diameter of the monofilaments can be decreased.
• the multifilament 105 has a linear density of 50-150 dtex.
• the multifilament is twisted. Twisting of the multifilament 105 facilitates its handling and entangles filaments of the multifilament together. Further, the twisted multifilament has higher strength and elasticity (i.e. higher stretch). A surface of the twisted multifilament does not wear out so easily. Further, twisting can be used for forming texture to the yarn.
• the multifilament 105 When the multifilament 105 is twisted, it may be twisted in a first direction. Then, the multifilament 105 may be twisted in a second direction, which is opposite direction than the first direction, around the plurality of monofilaments 101, 102, 103, 104. Twisting of the multifilament provides a good tenacity.
• the yarn 100 has an overfeed of the multifilament 105 of 5-25 %, preferably about 15 %.
• the overfeed provides a densifying effect that is needed at the start-up of the felt.
• the cross-section of the monofilaments or the multifilament 105 can be round, square, rectangular, oval or any other suitable shape.
• a linear density of the yarn 100 is 200-600 tex.
• a method for manufacturing a yarn 100 comprises providing a plurality of monofilaments 101, 102, 103, 104 and a multifilament 105, twisting the plurality of the monofilaments together, and simultaneously or afterwards, winding the multifilament 105 around the plurality of the monofilaments 101, 102, 103, 104.
• the multifilament comprises a bio-based material. So, twisting the plurality of the monofilaments together can be done first. After that, the multifilament 105 can be wound around the plurality of the monofilaments. Alternatively, twisting the plurality of the monofilaments together and winding the multifilament 105 around the plurality of the monofilaments can be done simultaneously.
• an industrial textile can comprise the yarn 100 according to an above-mentioned embodiment.
• the yarn provides fast start-up and good nip dewatering for press felts made from it.
• the yarn comprises the multifilament, there is also less dusting when weaving textiles from the yarn.
• the bio-based multifilament when wearing off, it opens the felt structure thus lengthening its lifetime.
• the yarn 100 can be used in an industrial textile, such as a press felt or a filter fabric.
• the industrial textile can be woven or non-woven.
• the yarn 100 can be used in a paper machine clothing.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (2)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

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Family Cites Families (17)

• 2021
  • 2021-12-15 FI FI20216278A patent/FI131412B1/en active
• 2022
  • 2022-11-30 CA CA3182991A patent/CA3182991A1/en active Pending
  • 2022-12-09 US US18/078,812 patent/US20230183890A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2022-12-12 EP EP22212748.2A patent/EP4202095B1/en active Active
  • 2022-12-14 JP JP2022199096A patent/JP2023088883A/ja active Pending
  • 2022-12-15 CN CN202211617672.8A patent/CN116262992A/zh active Pending

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