EP4196367A1 - Resonanz transformator mit zusätzlich gekoppelter induktivität für obc - Google Patents
Resonanz transformator mit zusätzlich gekoppelter induktivität für obcInfo
- Publication number
- EP4196367A1 EP4196367A1 EP21766109.9A EP21766109A EP4196367A1 EP 4196367 A1 EP4196367 A1 EP 4196367A1 EP 21766109 A EP21766109 A EP 21766109A EP 4196367 A1 EP4196367 A1 EP 4196367A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- choke
- charging device
- coupled
- board charging
- voltage converter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
- B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to on-board charging electronics according to the features in the preamble of claim 1 .
- This traction battery is charged when the electric vehicle is idle by connecting it to an external voltage source.
- an external voltage source Depending on the local conditions and also depending on the country in which the electric vehicle is to be charged, different connection options and supply voltages are available for carrying out the charging process.
- the supply voltage is 100V - 500V with a frequency of 50 - 60 Hz.
- power electronics are used, which transform the different supply voltages to a charging voltage, so that the traction battery in the electric vehicle can be charged.
- an on-board charger Such on-board charging electronics can generally be connected to single-phase networks (typically PL-i and N conductors) or three-phase networks (PL-i — PL 2 - PL 3 conductors, with/without N conductor) operate.
- the OBC essentially transforms the 50 Hz sinusoidal AC voltage (supply voltage) into a DC voltage.
- the OBC can also create potential-free conditions between the vehicle and the supply network with the help of an integrated transformer.
- AFE active front ends
- PFC power factor correction
- a PFC choke is formed from an inductance, and therefore a wound coil. Such a coil also has a winding core.
- a resonant transformer is usually used as a voltage converter in such an on-board charger.
- the resonant transformer can also be called LLC converter.
- a capacitor and a filter in the form of a choke which is preferably in the form of an inductance, are connected in series on a primary side of the transformer.
- the choke as an inductance itself is an additional component.
- a diode and/or transistor circuit which is used to rectify a charging voltage which is then passed on to the traction battery of the electric vehicle.
- a common-mode voltage is also generated in relation to the protective conductor PE or the housing of the OBC. This creates a common-mode interference current.
- the on-board charging device is therefore suitable for an electric motor vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. It has a housing.
- the housing has at least one electrical input connection for an external supply voltage source and at least one electrical output connection for coupling to a traction battery.
- the power electronics of the on-board charging device are arranged in the housing.
- This includes at least one voltage converter.
- a filter in particular an EMI filter, and a rectifier can also be provided on a primary side of the voltage converter.
- a choke is connected upstream of the voltage converter as an inductor on the primary side.
- the choke can also be preceded by a series-connected capacitor in the primary circuit of the transformer.
- a further choke is arranged in a return line of the primary side of the voltage converter, with the two chokes being coupled to one another.
- a capacitor can also be connected upstream of the second inductor coupled to the first inductor.
- this coupled choke can also be arranged on the secondary side.
- a capacitor can optionally be assigned to this.
- the second choke is then arranged in a line on the secondary side, in particular a return line on the secondary side, and is coupled to the first choke.
- a second capacitor can also be arranged here.
- the arrangement of the coupled choke according to the invention on the secondary side is particularly advantageous when the battery voltage is higher than the supply voltage, and therefore the voltage present on the primary side.
- the lines can be designed thinner on the secondary side. This in turn saves installation space, is less error-prone and lighter in relation to its own weight.
- the other choke is also designed as an inductance.
- coupling with one another means that the two chokes are physically arranged directly next to one another with the incorporation of an air gap.
- each choke is formed from a winding core, in particular an E-shaped winding core.
- the two winding cores are then arranged directly next to one another with the incorporation of an air gap.
- the openings of the respective E-shape of both throttles are designed to point towards one another.
- the windings of each inductor are particularly preferably designed to be complementary to one another, which means that they have the same number of windings and the same winding diameter.
- a preferred development of the invention provides that the two coupled chokes are coupled directly to the voltage converter in the form of a transformer.
- the chokes are glued to the winding core or the housing of the transformer. As a result, the space can be reduced.
- the coupled chokes thus have two functions together.
- they form an additional filter, as a result of which a common-mode interference current that would flow through the entire voltage converter, in particular as a return line via the housing, is reduced.
- Another advantage is that the two coupled chokes form an oscillating circuit with the capacitor and the leakage inductance of the transformer, which means that the leakage inductance of the transformer can be designed to be lower.
- the installation space of the coupled choke can also be reduced, so that the actual choke connected upstream of the voltage converter can also be designed to be smaller in terms of installation space.
- the direct arrangement of the chokes on one another and the optional coupling with the transformer itself leads to greater mechanical stability, which is important in on-board charging electronics in a motor vehicle, since these are exposed to vibrations when the electric motor vehicle is in operation. Malfunctions or internal damage to the power electronics over the period of use of such an electric motor vehicle can thus be reliably avoided.
- the respective second capacitor has the advantage that greater symmetry of the circuit arrangement is achieved. In this way, additional differential currents that occur are avoided or reduced, so that there is less differential interference.
- Figure 1 is a block diagram of an on-board charger in one
- FIG. 2 shows a circuit diagram of a resonant transformer
- FIGS. 3 and 4 a circuit diagram of the power electronics within an on-board charger
- FIG. 5 shows the circuit diagram with a choke coupled according to the invention
- Figure 6 shows the first and second inductors physically coupled together and electrically connected to the transformer.
- FIG. 7 shows an embodiment variant in which both chokes are coupled directly to the transformer.
- FIG. 8 shows an arrangement of two coupled chokes.
- Figure 9 shows a circuit arrangement according to Figure 5 with additional
- FIG. 10 shows a circuit arrangement analogous to FIG. 5, with the chokes being arranged on the secondary side and
- FIG. 11 shows a circuit arrangement analogous to FIG. 10, a second capacitor also being arranged here.
- the same reference numbers are used for the same or similar components, even if a repeated description is omitted for reasons of simplification.
- FIG. 1 shows the arrangement of an on-board charging device 1 according to the invention in an electric motor vehicle 2 .
- the external charging socket 4 provides a supply voltage 6 ready.
- the on-board socket 3 is electrically connected to the on-board charging device 1 .
- the on-board charging device 1 has at least one electrical input connection 7 .
- the on-board charging device 1 has an electrical output connection 8 which is coupled to a traction battery 9 of the electric motor vehicle 2 .
- Further electrical input connections or output connections 10 can be present, for example an input connection of the vehicle battery, in particular with regard to a communication connected thereto.
- a communication network of the electric motor vehicle 2 for example a CAN bus, can also be connected. This can also be cooling connections.
- a mains filter 11 is then arranged in particular in the on-board charging device 1, for example in the form of an EMI filter. This is then followed by a PFC choke 12, in turn followed by a voltage converter in the form of a transformer 13, in particular a resonant transformer, for converting the supply voltage 6 into a charging voltage and an optional rectifier 14, which is then electrically coupled to the actual traction battery 9.
- FIG. 2 shows a circuit arrangement for a voltage converter in an on-board charger, the voltage converter being designed as a resonant transformer.
- the voltage converter being designed as a resonant transformer.
- a capacitor C and a choke in the form of an inductance L are arranged in series .
- a parasitic leakage inductance L S T in the area of the transformer 13 is also shown, which is caused by the structure of the transformer 13 itself is conditioned.
- the switches Si and S2 generate a square-wave voltage with a mark-to-space ratio of about 50%.
- the frequency of the square wave voltage is chosen to be close to the resonant frequency formed by the capacitor C and the inductors L and LST.
- a diode and/or transistor combination for rectification is shown on the secondary side 16 .
- a charging voltage is then delivered to the traction battery 9 .
- FIGS. 3 and 4 now show the housing G of an on-board charging device 1 or on-board charger.
- a mains filter 11 is additionally arranged inside the housing G, for example a mains filter and a PFC or AFE designed as a PFC choke.
- the capacitances Ck1 and Ck2 are also shown.
- the capacitance Ck1 is the winding capacitance between the primary and secondary windings of the voltage converter in the form of the resonant transformer.
- the capacitance Ck2 is the total capacitance that arises from the structure of the secondary side 16 in relation to the housing G and the output filter.
- the common-mode voltage that is generated in the AFE or PFC results in an interference current, which is shown as a dot-dash line in FIG.
- the interference current flows through the intermediate circuit, the transformer 13, the rectifier 14, the housing G and the Y capacitor and the EMI filter in the circuit.
- This interference current means that impermissible interference voltages are generated both in the output circuit at the connection of the traction battery 9 and on the mains side, which is not shown in detail. This results in additional voltage drops across CY and Ck2.
- a second inductance in the form of a coupled choke 17 is arranged with the inductance L, which is electrically connected in series with the primary winding on the primary side.
- the inductor L and the coupled inductor 17 are thus physically coupled to one another by incorporating an air gap 19 .
- a second throttle 17 is thus used in the return line of the primary side 15 .
- This second choke 17 has the function that the common-mode inductance forms an additional filter, as a result of which the common-mode interference current is reduced.
- the coupled choke 17 can also be used in reverse as a so-called common-mode choke.
- the difference and common-mode inductance then change, which must be taken into account when designing the resonant circuit frequency and the transformer 13 .
- Figure 6 shows the schematic structure of the coupled choke 17 and electrically connected to the voltage converter in the form of a transformer.
- the first choke L and the second choke 17 coupled thereto are thus formed as one component. They each have a winding core 18, which is designed here in the form of an E-shaped winding core. The respective openings of the E are arranged facing each other. An air gap 19 is formed between the two winding cores 18 so that they are physically coupled to one another with the incorporation of the air gap 19 as a built-in part. An insulating material, not shown in detail, can also be arranged here, for example. Both the choke L and the coupled choke 17 each have windings 20 . The windings 20 are designed to run in opposite directions to one another when the two chokes L and 17 are arranged pointing towards one another, as illustrated in FIG.
- windings 20 it is also conceivable for the windings 20 to run in the same direction.
- the two coupled chokes together have a common-mode filter effect and at the same time also a differential-mode filter effect, but in each case with different parameter levels.
- the unit for this is Henry. This means the common-mode filter effect, but the differential-mode filter effect can also be adjusted by the orientation of the winding (opposite or parallel) of the two chokes L and 17 . This depends on the desired filter performance, in particular on the voltage converter or transformer used.
- FIG. 7 shows a development according to the invention.
- the choke L and the choke 17 coupled thereto, and consequently the two coupled inductances are physically arranged with the incorporation of the air gap 19 with one another.
- the windings 20 can thus be routed both through the transformer 13 and the two chokes L, 17 coupled to one another, so that overall there is less installation space in addition to the advantages of the electronic circuit described above.
- FIG. 8 shows the coupled chokes L and 17 in a preferred embodiment.
- the choke L and the choke 17 coupled thereto are shown, which rest directly against one another at the ends of the outer webs 23 of the winding cores 18 .
- the central webs 24, on the other hand are shortened or spaced apart from one another in such a way that an air gap 19 results.
- the air gap preferably has a size of 100 ⁇ m to 3 mm.
- the ends of the webs 23 can be glued together.
- the windings 20 are electrically insulated from the respective winding core 18 itself. A magnetic field then flows through the winding core 18 . However, there is no electrical short circuit at the ends of the outer webs 23 .
- the windings 20 are shown only schematically.
- FIG. 9 shows a circuit arrangement analogous to FIG. 5.
- a second capacitor C2 is arranged in the return line 21 on the primary side 15.
- FIG. 9 the circuit is thus constructed “more symmetrically” with regard to the capacitor, the first coil L, the second coil 17 coupled thereto, and the second capacitor C2. Additional residual currents that occur are reduced as a result.
- FIG. 10 shows a structure analogous to FIG. This circuit arrangement is particularly advantageous when a significantly higher voltage is present as charging voltage on the secondary side 16 to the traction battery 9 than on the primary side and thus as the in-house supply voltage.
- FIG. 11 shows an analog structure, with a second capacitor C2 also being arranged in a line 25, in particular a return line, on the secondary side.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020121246 | 2020-08-12 | ||
| DE102020121952.0A DE102020121952A1 (de) | 2020-08-12 | 2020-08-21 | Resonanz Transformator mit zusätzlich gekoppelter Induktivität für OBC |
| PCT/DE2021/100687 WO2022033635A1 (de) | 2020-08-12 | 2021-08-11 | Resonanz transformator mit zusätzlich gekoppelter induktivität für obc |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4196367A1 true EP4196367A1 (de) | 2023-06-21 |
Family
ID=80000576
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21766109.9A Withdrawn EP4196367A1 (de) | 2020-08-12 | 2021-08-11 | Resonanz transformator mit zusätzlich gekoppelter induktivität für obc |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4196367A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020121952A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022033635A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5684678A (en) | 1995-12-08 | 1997-11-04 | Delco Electronics Corp. | Resonant converter with controlled inductor |
| US7821799B2 (en) | 2006-10-30 | 2010-10-26 | Jacobs Mark E | Ripple reduction for switch-mode power conversion |
| CH704461A2 (de) | 2011-02-11 | 2012-08-15 | Permotors Gmbh | Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben einer Last. |
| DE102013211121A1 (de) * | 2013-06-14 | 2014-12-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Wechselrichter |
| DE102016013490A1 (de) | 2016-11-11 | 2017-05-18 | Daimler Ag | Bordladeeinrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug zum Laden einer Traktionsbatterie |
| JP6850999B2 (ja) | 2017-07-12 | 2021-03-31 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 電源装置 |
| DE102017120924B4 (de) | 2017-09-11 | 2025-07-03 | Hanon Systems | EMV-Filter zur Unterdrückung von Störsignalen |
-
2020
- 2020-08-21 DE DE102020121952.0A patent/DE102020121952A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2021
- 2021-08-11 EP EP21766109.9A patent/EP4196367A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2021-08-11 WO PCT/DE2021/100687 patent/WO2022033635A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102020121952A1 (de) | 2022-02-17 |
| WO2022033635A1 (de) | 2022-02-17 |
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| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20240606 |