EP4193022A1 - Procédé et dispositif d'atténuation des vagues - Google Patents
Procédé et dispositif d'atténuation des vaguesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4193022A1 EP4193022A1 EP21759111.4A EP21759111A EP4193022A1 EP 4193022 A1 EP4193022 A1 EP 4193022A1 EP 21759111 A EP21759111 A EP 21759111A EP 4193022 A1 EP4193022 A1 EP 4193022A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- opening
- module
- cavity
- waves
- modules
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001272996 Polyphylla fullo Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/062—Constructions floating in operational condition, e.g. breakwaters or wave dissipating walls
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
Definitions
- TITLE Method and device for wave attenuation
- This document relates to wave attenuation devices and methods.
- a wave visible on the surface of the water represents the visible part of a wave phenomenon, another part of which is located under the surface of the water. Indeed, a wave propagates on the surface of the water but also on a certain depth which depends on the wavelength of said wave. For example, considering a water depth of 6m, a wave 10 with a wavelength of 17m will cause a movement of fluid over a depth of about 3m which can be called penetration height. Beyond this depth, water movement becomes negligible. To completely or partially stop the propagation of this wave, it is known to place a wall 12 partially submerged over a height of 3 m (FIG. 1). This wall will then be able to stop any wave whose penetration height is less than 3m or with wavelengths less than 17m.
- the wave period at sea generally varies between 3 and 8 seconds. In a port area with a water depth of 6m, it generates waves with a wavelength of 14m to 60m.
- Figure 3 represents the variation of the transmission rate (ratio of the amplitude of the transmitted wave compared to the amplitude of the incident wave) according to the wavelength of the waves. It is further observed that the wave that a wall 12 of 3m as mentioned above is effective at at least 50% transmission only for wavelengths less than 30m, which is not satisfactory in the context of a fixed installation, expensive and complicated to install.
- each module comprising at least one cavity, for example tubular, comprising a first opening and a second opening; wherein the modules are placed in a position in which the first opening of each cavity is permanently submerged and in which the second opening is in communication with the ambient air, the dimensions of the cavities and the openings being determined so that at least one cavity of each module forms a resonant cavity at the given center frequency.
- each cavity forms a resonant cavity at the given center frequency.
- the method according to the invention consists in fixing the frequency which it is desired to be absorbed with a cavity, then in determining the dimensional parameters of the first opening in combination with the width of the cavity to obtain the desired resonant frequency for said cavity.
- the method according to this document makes it possible to attenuate the waves, that is to say makes it possible to limit the transmission of the amplitude of the incident waves from one side of the modules to the other.
- the implementation of the process at the level of a coastline makes it possible to protect it from the waves.
- the cavity or cavities used in the invention are so-called resonant cavities, which implies that they have the ability to achieve resonance, which is not the case with devices or installations of the prior art.
- the cavity is not a resonant cavity.
- This document also relates to an assembly comprising one module or several modules, each module comprising N resonant cavities, comprising a first opening and a second opening, with at least k cavities having different widths in pairs, k being less than or equal to N
- the width of each of the k cavities is thus adapted to achieve a resonance at a central frequency different from the other k cavities, so that when a wave impacts a module, some of the k cavities among the N cavities will be able to achieve an attenuation of the amplitude of the waves at a first resonant frequency and other of the k cavities among the N cavities will be able to achieve an attenuation of the amplitude of the waves at a second resonant frequency different from the first resonant frequency.
- k cavities as defined above, it is thus possible to attenuate the amplitude of the waves over a wide frequency range.
- the first opening is intended to be submerged and the second opening is intended to be in communication with the ambient air.
- the width corresponds to the direction of propagation of the waves and the length corresponds to a direction perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the waves, the width and the length being perpendicular to the vertical in use.
- each module may comprise at least two first cavities with a first width and arranged side by side and two other cavities whose sum of the widths is equal to the first width.
- a second cavity may have a second width and a third cavity may have a third width, the latter possibly being greater than the second width.
- the second cavity and the third cavity can be arranged one behind the other according to the direction of propagation of the waves.
- the first two cavities, the second cavity and the third cavity may have the same length.
- the device thus formed comprises modules juxtaposed next to each other, each module comprising an upstream wall and a downstream wall with respect to the natural direction of propagation of the waves and two side walls, the side walls of the modules being opposite each other. screws with each other, the upstream and downstream walls of each module being free of contact with another module, the upstream wall being oriented facing the waves and the downstream face facing the part to be protected from the waves.
- Each resonant cavity also includes a bottom wall facing the bottom of the water.
- each dimension of a cavity is at least ten times smaller than the central wavelength of the waves.
- the discretization of the resonant cavities allows the wavefront to be almost identical over the entire width of each resonant cavity.
- the lateral dimension of each cavity is chosen to be able to make the assumption that the amplitude of the wave front of an impacting wave is the same over the entire width of a resonant cavity, i.e. say over the entire lateral dimension of a cavity.
- resonant cavities operates according to the principle of an oscillation of the liquid mass contained in the cavity, in phase opposition with the incident wave on the upstream walls of the modules, thus making it possible to reduce the transmission of waves by a side to side resonant cavities.
- a set formed by the modules can thus form a substantially straight line.
- a resonant cavity may have the shape of a tube having a section, for example square or rectangular, or any other suitable shape and which comprises a first submerged opening arranged on one of an upstream face, a downstream face and a back face and a second opening which is formed at one end of the tubular shape, this end being the one which opens to the ambient air.
- the attenuation method according to this document proves to be simpler to install than a wall of the prior art, due in particular to the low mass of the modules to be moved in comparison with the structural elements necessary for the construction of a wall.
- Each module can comprise at least two, for example three resonant cavities arranged side by side.
- Each module could include a lower or higher number. The number of three resonant cavities turns out to be interesting since, given the dimensions of the cavities, it is the best compromise for handling the modules.
- the first opening of each cavity can have a cross section of between 0.5 and 5 m 2 .
- This section of the first opening makes it possible to stop waves whose period varies between 3 and 8 s, this period corresponding to that generally observed on a coast and being equivalent to a wave wavelength of between 15 and 55 m.
- the shape of the section has little impact on the central frequency stopped by the resonant cavities, it is the area, that is to say the section which essentially defines the resonance frequency, in plus the dimensions of the resonant cavity.
- the first opening can have any shape, which can be a rectangle which can be horizontal or vertical, a square, a circle, or even a disc portion having an angular opening which can for example have an angular opening of 90°.
- the first opening can be placed on the upstream wall and therefore facing the waves, on the downstream wall or even on a bottom wall, that is to say facing the bottom of the water.
- the height of water separating a bottom from each cavity should be less than half the height of water separating the bottom.
- water level means the water level measured in the absence of waves.
- the device may comprise a movable element making it possible to vary the section of the first opening. In this way, the resonant frequency of the resonant cavity can be adjusted.
- the device may comprise means for measuring the central frequency of the waves, these means being connected to means for controlling means for moving the mobile element.
- Each module may include means capable of varying the position in height of the second opening of each cavity.
- Each module may comprise a first part comprising the first opening and a second part comprising the second opening and movable with sealing relative to the first part so as to vary the position in height of the second opening.
- the second part can be configured to slide with sealing relative to the first part and comprises float means.
- Each module can comprise a movable panel with sealing on an upstream wall of the module, this panel comprising float means.
- the modules can be structurally distinct from each other and can be connected to each other by an isostatic connection. In this case, the modules can be placed on the bottom of the water. Each module can be connected to a first lateral end at the bottom of the water by a point connection and to its second lateral end by a reannular linear connection to the first end of an adjacent module. If these connections are based on leveled embankments, then this type of connection makes it possible to compensate for variations in the level of the bottom of the water on which the modules are intended to be placed.
- modules When the modules are floating they can be connected to the bottom by chains which can form a trellis.
- the length of the chains is adjusted to allow the modules to be level and to be aligned.
- the device may comprise at least two sets of the aforementioned type, connected to each other so as to have a V-shape.
- the device may also comprise a plurality of assemblies of the aforementioned type so as to present a succession of V-shapes.
- the V-shape may have an angular opening of between 30 and 120°.
- the device can comprise four assemblies assembled in such a way as to form a diamond thus offering multidirectional protection.
- the device may comprise a plurality of assemblies connected to each other so as to form a structure with a closed outline making it possible, for example, to protect device objects placed inside said outline.
- the modules can be placed on the bottom of the water or have positive buoyancy and are retained at the bottom of the water.
- each cavity may have a width, that is to say a dimension along the direction of propagation of the waves, which is approximately 10 times smaller than the central wavelength of the wave whose amplitude we wish to attenuate.
- the width of the cavity is one tenth of the wavelength incident on said cavity.
- each cavity may have the shape of a cylinder, for example the shape of a right cylinder.
- the cylinder can be open at one end along a generatrix so as to form the second opening.
- the resonance frequency of a cavity is thus a function of the width of the cavity, that is to say of its dimension according to the incident direction of the waves on said cavity and of the dimensional parameters of the first opening.
- Each module can have a constant width, which facilitates the installation, manufacture of a module and also its transport since the width is fixed.
- Figure 1 schematically illustrates the wave attenuation principle according to the prior art and comprises a part A named Figure 1 A and a part B named Figure 1 B, Figure 1A corresponding to waves having a first wavelength ( smaller), FIG. 1B corresponding to waves having a second (larger) wavelength;
- FIG. 2 is a graph of the rate of transmission of the amplitude of the incident wave of the waves in percentage according to the wavelength of the waves;
- FIG. 3 shows a module comprising several resonators arranged side by side with openings in the direction of the bottom;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of several variants of a resonator usable with the invention.
- figure 5 comprises a part A named figure 5A and a part B named figure 5B, figure 5A illustrating the principle of attenuation according to the invention and figure 5B is a graph of the wave transmission rate in percentage as a function of the wave wavelength for a fixed geometry and presented in FIG. 5A;
- Figure 6 comprises three parts A, B and C, respectively named Figures 6A, 6B and 6C, Figure 6A representing a variant of a resonator whose submerged opening has a variable section, Figure 6B being a graph representing the variation of transmission rate as a function of wavelength for several sections and FIG. 6C being a graph representing the variation of the wavelength at zero transmission as a function of the height of the submerged opening section;
- Figure 7 comprises two parts A and B, respectively named Figures 7A and 7B, Figure 7A representing another variant of a resonator whose submerged opening has a variable section, Figure 7D being a graph representing the variation of the wavelength at zero transmission as a function of the angle of the submerged opening section;
- FIG. 8 shows a device according to the invention comprising a second opening adapted to be positioned at a variable height depending on the waves;
- Figure 9 comprises two parts A and B, respectively named Figures 9A and 9B, Figure 9A being a sectional view of the device according to the present disclosure and according to a sectional plane passing through several modules, Figure 9B being a view in section along section plane AA of FIG. 9A;
- Figure 10 comprises two parts A and B, respectively named Figures 10A and 10B and representing two variants for connecting the modules to the sea floor;
- FIG. 11A and 11B show two variant embodiments of a module according to the invention.
- Figure 12 shows an example of an assembly comprising a plurality of modules as shown in Figure 11A;
- FIG. 13 shows a variant of integration of an assembly according to the invention on a coastline
- FIG. 14 shows another variant of integration of an assembly according to the invention on a coastline
- FIG. 15 is a variant of a module according to the invention.
- FIG. 16 is another variant of a module according to the invention. Detailed description of the invention
- FIGS. 3 et seq. illustrate the invention as set out in the following.
- resonators 16 formed by resonant cavities 16 in which an oscillation of the water is generated in phase opposition. with the waves incident on the device 15 described below.
- These resonators have a width, that is to say a dimension according to the direction of propagation of the waves, a length according to a direction perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the waves, these said two directions being perpendicular to a vertical direction (corresponding to the direction of Earth's gravity).
- Each cavity has a width chosen to be approximately 10 times less than the central wavelength of the waves. In practice, the length of the cavities may take variable values without this affecting the operation of the device.
- the width of each cavity is chosen to have a width equal to approximately 1/10 of the wavelength of the wave whose amplitude is to be attenuated.
- the device according to this document comprises a plurality of modules 18 juxtaposed next to each other in a given direction D ( Figure 11 A and Figure 11 B). Modules 18 thus juxtaposed form an assembly which extends in said direction D.
- the device 18 may comprise a single set of resonators or else several sets as shown in FIG. 11 and which will be described later.
- Each module 18 comprises at least one cavity 16 comprising a first opening 20 and a second opening 22.
- each module 18 comprises three cavities 16a, 16b, 16c but it could comprise fewer or more depending the ability to move a module 18.
- the illustrated module 18 comprises three resonant cavities, a first cavity 16a, a second cavity 16b and a third cavity 16c, each comprising a first opening 20a, 20b, 20c and a second opening 22a, 22b , 22c.
- Each module 18 comprises an upstream wall 24 and a downstream wall 26, the upstream wall 24 being intended to be arranged facing the waves and the downstream wall 26 facing the port or the coastline to be protected.
- Module 18 also includes two side walls 28, 30 which define side walls of first cavity 16a and third cavity 16c. It is understood that when the module 18 comprises only one resonant cavity, then the two side faces 28, 30 of the module laterally delimit the same cavity. In the case represented in FIG. 3, the module 18 comprises two intermediate walls 32, 34 which together delimit the second cavity.
- Each cavity 16 is also delimited by a bottom wall 36.
- each first opening 20 is formed in the bottom wall 38 but the first openings 20a, 20b, 20c are not placed at the same location on the bottom wall 36. Note that the first openings 20a, 20b, 20c could also be aligned.
- the first openings 20a, 20b, 20c have the shape of a slot, and more generally the shape of a rectangle of larger dimension extending in a direction perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the waves and vertically when the device 15 is in use.
- each second opening 22a, 22b, 22c is delimited by the upper edge of the side walls 28, 32, 34, 30 and of the upstream 24 and downstream 26 walls of each resonant cavity 16.
- a second opening 22 could have another shape without this having any effect on the operation of the invention.
- the second opening 22 which is open to the ambient air allows air to enter and leave the cavity in order to allow a variation of the water level in the resonant cavity 16 so that the latter can ensure the desired resonance function.
- the aim here is to limit the height of the device to the strict height necessary for the operation of the invention to avoid any negative visual impact that the device could cause walkers or boaters to feel.
- a resonant cavity can have a first opening having a variable shape, this having little effect on the desired resonance phenomenon.
- the shape of the first opening can be:
- variant D Similar to variant A but with a more central positioning of the first opening on the upstream wall (variant D),
- the first openings 16 described in figure 4 could be formed on the downstream wall 26 or the bottom wall 38 or the upstream wall 24.
- the assembly formed by the modules 18 is arranged facing the waves, for example perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the waves in the case where a single assembly is used.
- the modules 18 are placed in a position in which the first opening 20 of each cavity 16 is permanently immersed and in which the second opening 22 is in communication with the ambient air, that is to say that the second opening 22 is never submerged, the dimensions of the cavities 16 being determined so that each cavity 16 forms a resonant cavity at the central wavelength of the waves.
- the waves have a central wavelength, that is to say that the bulk of the energy of the waves is at a known and fixed frequency, at least over a given period of time. which changes little during a day, which makes the method and the device according to the present document particularly advantageous.
- FIG. 5A illustrates the positioning of the device 15 according to the present document in water with the first opening 20 submerged and the second opening in communication with the ambient air.
- the use of resonant cavities 16 makes it possible to reduce the transmission of waves (amplitude of the transmitted wave over the amplitude of the incident wave) through the modules 18 for a greater range of length d waves.
- the first opening 20 of each resonant cavity 16 has a section of between 0.5 and 5 m 2 .
- the height of water separating a bottom from each cavity 16 is less than half the height of water separating the bottom.
- the cavities have characteristic dimensions smaller than the wavelength and able to achieve resonance at the central frequency of the waves. In practice, each of the dimensions of the cavity is at least 10 times smaller than the central wavelength of the waves.
- FIG. 6A illustrates another embodiment of the invention in which each resonant cavity 16 comprises a movable element 42 making it possible to vary the section of the first opening 20, this movable element 42 possibly being a movable door with vertical sliding.
- the mobile element 42 thus makes it possible to reduce or increase the section of the first opening 20.
- FIG. 6B represents three curves of the transmission rate in percentage as a function of the wavelength for three different sections. It is observed that the variation of the section makes it possible to move the resonant frequency of the cavity 16, which makes the invention even more advantageous when the movable element 42 is coupled to means for controlling means for moving the element mobile and that the control means receive as input information from means for measuring the frequency of the waves. Active control of the resonant frequency of the resonators or resonant cavity 16 is then possible.
- the graph of figure 6C illustrates the variation of the resonant wavelength according to the section of the first opening in meters. This graph indicates that the larger the section of the first opening, the smaller the resonant wavelength, which is also observed in the graph of FIG. 6B.
- FIG. 7A illustrates a variant embodiment in which the first opening 20 has a variable cross-section with a movable element 42 around an axis of rotation, the first opening 20 having the shape of a disc portion whose cross-section can vary between 0° and 90°.
- FIG. 7B illustrates the same type of graph as that explained with reference to FIG. 6C.
- FIG. 8 illustrates an embodiment which can be coupled with a first opening 20 of variable section as has been described previously but which is not illustrated in the figures.
- each module 18 comprises a first part 18a comprising the first opening 20 and a second part 18b comprising the second opening 22 and movable with sealing relative to the first part 18a so as to vary the position in height of the second opening 22.
- This second part can be configured to slide with sealing relative to the first part 18a and comprises medium floats.
- each module 18 comprises a movable panel 44 with sealing on an upstream wall of the module, this panel comprising float means.
- the movable panel 44 with a medium float can follow the movement of the waves by rising and falling successively to prevent the wave does not pass over the first part of the module.
- the second part 18b follows the movement of oscillation of the water level preventing the water from the resonant cavity 16 from leaving the latter, thus allowing the cavity 16 to continue to ensure its resonant cavity function, the second opening 22 thus always being emerged.
- FIG. 9 represents the connection between several modules 18 arranged side by side.
- the modules 18 can be structurally distinct from each other and connected to each other by an isostatic connection.
- Each module 18 can be connected to a first lateral end at the bottom of the water by an annular linear connection 46 and to its second lateral end by a point connection 48 to the first end of an adjacent module 18. If these connections are based on leveled embankments, then this type of connection makes it possible to compensate for variations in the level of the bottom of the water on which the modules are intended to be placed when they are placed on the bottom of the 'water.
- the annular linear connection of each module 18 at the bottom of the water is made on studs added to the bottom.
- the point connection 46 can be made by a spherical foot resting on a plane and the linear-annular connection 48 can be made by a V-shaped groove in which spherical feet are mounted.
- each module comprises three resonant cavities 16a, 16b, 16c, each resonant cavity comprising a first opening 20 and a second opening 22 visible in FIG. 9B.
- Each module 18 comprises a first lateral recess 50, for example L-shaped, formed at a first lateral end of the module 18 and optionally a second lateral recess 52, for example L-shaped, formed at a second lateral end of the module 18.
- the device comprises several modules 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d arranged side by side laterally.
- the first recess 50 is delimited by a first side wall 54 of the module 18b and by a projecting part 55 laterally towards the adjacent module 18a laterally on a first side.
- the first side wall 54 of the module 18b is arranged lateral facing a second side face 56 of the adjacent module 18a.
- This lateral projecting part 55 is arranged vertically between a second end of the adjacent module 18a and a supporting structure 58 or support placed at the bottom of the water.
- the modules 18 cooperate by interlocking with each other so that: the first recess 50 of a given module 18b receives the second end of an adjacent module 18a laterally from a first side, the projecting part 55 of the given module 18b being inserted vertically between said second end of the adjacent module 18a and a supporting structure 58, and that the second recess 52 receives the projecting part 55 of the adjacent module 18c laterally by a second side, said protruding part 55 being inserted vertically between the second end of the given module 18b and another supporting structure 58 .
- each module 18 makes a point connection with the projecting part of an adjacent module, this projecting part 55 making an annular linear connection with the supporting structure 58.
- each second end of a module 18, 18b comprises a spherical foot 60 resting on a substantially flat surface of the projecting part 55 of the adjacent module 18c on a second lateral side. Note that the foot 60 could be formed on the projecting part 55 and could bear on a substantially flat surface of the second end of the module 18b.
- each projecting part 55 comprises two spherical feet 62 (FIGS. 9A and 9B) engaged in a V-section groove of a supporting structure 58 or support.
- Each supporting structure 58 comprises at least two upstream 58a and downstream 58b legs connected to each other by the V-groove, the legs 58a, 58b extend upwards by low walls 64a, 64b upstream and downstream whose upper edges are positioned respectively so as to be arranged opposite an upstream wall and a downstream wall of the module providing the point connection with the module comprising a projecting part 55 .
- the upper edges of the low walls 64a, 64b can also be arranged opposite an upstream wall and a downstream wall of the module comprising a projecting part 55. In this way, the low walls provide simultaneous support for two adjacent modules.
- Each supporting structure can include three legs so as to achieve an isostatic connection of the leg to the bottom of the water.
- Backfill is placed in each V-shaped groove and between the low walls 64a, 64b and a projecting part 55 of a module 18c and between the low walls 64a, 64b and the upstream and downstream walls of the module 18b making the point connection with the module 18c comprising said projecting part 55.
- the embankment 54 makes it possible to prevent any tilting of the modules 18 linked to the buffering effects of the energy of the waves. This embankment 54 makes it possible to compensate for the defects of horizontality of the modules 18 between them.
- the load-bearing structures or supports 50 coupled to the systems of feet 60a 60b and 61, as well as the use of embankments 52 level and 54 anti-tilt make it possible to compensate for the orientation and level defects of the modules 18 between them.
- FIG. 10 illustrates a first variant (FIG. 10A) for fixing studs to the bottom of the water using studs for example as described with reference to FIG. 9 and a second variant (FIG. 11B) in which the modules are connected to each other by means of chains or cables.
- the modules include floating means and are anchored to the bottom of the water by tensioned cables or chains.
- the device 15 comprises two sets A, B of modules, connected to each other so as to have a V-shape whose vertex C is oriented towards the arrival of the waves.
- the V-shape can have an angle between 30 and 120°.
- the device 15 may comprise several pairs of V-shaped assemblies A, B successively arranged so as to have a VV or VW shape, for example, the extent of the device 15 depending on the area of the extent of the area to be protect.
- FIG. 11A illustrates a module 66 comprising N resonant cavities, each cavity comprising a first opening and a second opening which are not shown in this figure.
- N cavities at least k cavities have different widths in pairs, k being less than or equal to N.
- the width of each of the k cavities is thus adapted to produce a resonance at a central frequency different from the other k cavities, so that when a wave impacts a module, each of the k cavities will thus resonate at a different frequency.
- N is equal to 4 and k is equal to 3.
- two first cavities 661 are dimensionally identical and have the same first width and the same length.
- any dimensional parameter other than the width being identical between the cavities 661, 662, 663, the cavities 661 resonate identical frequencies.
- the module comprises a second 662 and a third 663 cavities whose sum of the widths is equal to the first width.
- the second width of the second cavity 663 is less than the third width of the third cavity 663.
- the first openings of the cavities 662 and 663 can be identical but can also be different.
- the second openings of these cavities 662, 663 may be identical.
- the first two cavities 661 are arranged side by side.
- the second cavity 662 and the third cavity 663 are arranged one behind the other according to the direction of propagation of the waves.
- the second 662 and the third 663 cavities are arranged at a lateral end of the module 66. They could also be arranged between the first two cavities 661.
- FIG. 12 illustrates an assembly 68 comprising a plurality of modules 66 as shown in FIG. 11A. One could also make a module assembly 66' as illustrated in FIG. 11B or even a combination of modules 66 and 66'.
- the assembly 70 can comprise several modules 68 (or any other module described above) and the modules can have a shape comprising an even or odd succession of modules 68 with a V-shaped slotted shape as illustrated in FIG. 13. ensemble can also have a more general zigzag shape which can follow a straight or curved guideline.
- the modules 68 can be arranged at right angles to each other and successively connected to each other by their ends.
- the assembly 72 can also comprise three modules 68 as illustrated in FIG. 14 or any other embodiment of a module described in the present document, the three modules 68 having a general U shape, the opening of the U allowing the boat access to the protected area located inside the U.
- Figure 15 illustrates a module 74a in which the downstream wall 76a of each module 74a has a height greater than the height of the upstream wall 78 so as to prevent a wave from submerging the device.
- This makes it possible to compensate for any weak filtering in wave frequency. For example, when a series of waves having a central frequency that is difficult to attenuate by the device (because not provided from a dimensional point of view because the series of waves is rare) arrives on the latter, the raised downstream wall 78 can allow to block the propagation of the wave as in a conventional device such as a dike.
- the downstream wall 76b of the raised module 74b may further comprise an upper end part which is oriented upstream so as to create a counter-current to further limit submersion of the device.
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Abstract
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR2008367A FR3113292B1 (fr) | 2020-08-07 | 2020-08-07 | Procédé et dispositif d’atténuation des vagues |
PCT/FR2021/051457 WO2022029396A1 (fr) | 2020-08-07 | 2021-08-09 | Procédé et dispositif d'atténuation des vagues |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP4193022A1 true EP4193022A1 (fr) | 2023-06-14 |
Family
ID=73138970
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP21759111.4A Pending EP4193022A1 (fr) | 2020-08-07 | 2021-08-09 | Procédé et dispositif d'atténuation des vagues |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230304245A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4193022A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3113292B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2022029396A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1049067A (fr) * | 1952-01-12 | 1953-12-28 | Electricite De France | Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle de l'énergie de la houle |
WO2001020163A1 (fr) * | 1999-09-14 | 2001-03-22 | Giuseppe Zingale | Brise-mer modulaire flottant destine a la transformation de l'energie des vagues |
JP4358456B2 (ja) * | 2000-05-16 | 2009-11-04 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 浮体の動揺低減装置およびこれを備えた浮体 |
US10161379B2 (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2018-12-25 | Oceanlinx Ltd. | Coastal protection and wave energy generation system |
-
2020
- 2020-08-07 FR FR2008367A patent/FR3113292B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-08-09 WO PCT/FR2021/051457 patent/WO2022029396A1/fr unknown
- 2021-08-09 EP EP21759111.4A patent/EP4193022A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-08-09 US US18/040,934 patent/US20230304245A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20230304245A1 (en) | 2023-09-28 |
FR3113292B1 (fr) | 2023-11-03 |
FR3113292A1 (fr) | 2022-02-11 |
WO2022029396A1 (fr) | 2022-02-10 |
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Owner name: BLUERIUM Owner name: SORBONNE UNIVERSITE Owner name: L'ECOLE SUPERIEUR DE PHYSIQUE ET DE CHIMIE INDUSTRIELLES DE LA VILLE DE PARIS Owner name: L'UNIVERSITE DU MANS Owner name: CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE |
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Inventor name: PETITJEANS PHILIPPE Inventor name: PAGNEUX VINCENT Inventor name: MAUREL AGNES Inventor name: EUVE LEO-PAUL Inventor name: ROBERT EMMANUEL, BRUNO, REMI |