EP4186817A1 - Bag device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a biodegradable bag device for storing materials. The bag device comprises a receiving area, which is formed from at least 20% of a biodegradable bag material made from a renewable raw material, the bag material comprising an animal material with a fibrous or film-like structure, the weight proportion of which, based on the total weight of the bag device, is at least 20% .

Description

TECHNICAL AREA

The invention relates to a biodegradable bag device, in particular consisting of a biodegradable bag material, as well as a combination product for receiving and storing materials. Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of this biodegradable bag device or the combination product as a collection or transport container for materials intended as food or feed and/or for composting/biodegradation.

STATE OF THE ART

Today's society produces significant amounts of waste. Some of the waste consists of biodegradable materials such as kitchen waste. This organic waste can be collected with paper bags placed in a bin and then disposed of. However, the disadvantage of the paper bags is that they quickly become soggy and the waste bin is wetted with the juices emerging from the organic waste. Among other things, these dry up, promote bacterial infestation and an unpleasant odor development. After emptying, the waste bin must be cleaned.

This has already been recognized as a problem, which is why garbage bags are made from biodegradable plastics. These are durable, waterproof and odor proof. However, these are not nearly as quickly biodegraded as is generally assumed, because the decomposition process takes far too long. According to the European standard, "compostable" plastic bags must have decomposed to at least 90% and to pieces smaller than 2 mm within twelve weeks at the latest.

The use of waste bags made of recycled plastics (also: bio-plastics) or classic PE plastic is not suitable due to the high processing effort in composting plants and the associated costs. Due to their longevity, the recycled plastics represent a contaminant.

The bacteria involved in the biological degradation in the composting plant often do not have enough time, because the compost from the composting plant usually has to be ready for sale in less than six weeks. And even if the bacteria had more time, little would be gained, since most bio-plastics do not break down or break down into valuable humus, but only into water and CO ₂ .

Sheep are bred for different reasons. They are used for the production of wool, meat and milk as well as for landscape maintenance. However, not every wool can be used in the textile industry. In particular, low-quality wool cannot be used to produce textiles and is often wasted or incinerated. In addition, the shearing of sheep is often no longer worthwhile these days, since textiles are largely made of cotton, plastics or mixtures of these.

No bag device is known from the prior art, which on the one hand is biodegradable in a short period of time and decomposes into humus and can therefore, unlike the decomposition products of common biodegradable garbage bags, serve as fertilizer. Furthermore, it is not known how sheep's wool can be put to further and sustainable use apart from its use as a textile component, long-term fertilizer, feed additive (e.g. pellets) or insulating material, for example to open up new business areas for shepherds in order to use the raw material wool, especially wool of inferior quality close.

A large number of different bag devices are known from the prior art. So describes about the WO 2017/083738 A2 an insulating bag and cover (hereinafter called insulating device) for the transport of food and other goods. In particular, the insulating device should make it possible to keep goods, foodstuffs, samples and medical objects in a relatively defined thermal range. The insulating device has at least one insulating layer, which can be formed from a fibrous material made up of a multiplicity of plant or animal fibers (e.g. wool), which layer is arranged between an inner and an outer layer. The insulating layer can have a thickness between 0.1 and about 30 cm. Several layers of insulating layer can be superimposed in order to achieve improved stability. The density of the insulating layer can be between 10 and 5000 g/m ² and the weave to form the insulating layer can be chosen from hundreds of different weaves. The insulating layer can be formed, inter alia, by needling, spunbonding, carding, melt blowing, wet bonding, thermal bonding, chemical bonding, hydro-entanglement (spunlace/hydrojet process). The insulating device, in particular the insulating layer, should be 80-100% biodegradable within a period of 26 weeks, depending on the temperature and humidity prevailing in a compost. This is supposed to be done by water and/or enzymes as they are found in nature or in compost. The isolation device may include a sheet of reinforcement material, with the sheet of reinforcement material forming the lower portion and providing structural support. The insulating layer as well as the inner and/or the outer layer can be provided with an additive. The additive can be formed from a large number of different substances be. An additive includes, for example, antimicrobial additives, flame retardants, waxes, resins and can be included in the insulating layer, the inner, the outer shell. There may also be a boundary layer/barrier overlying or surrounding the inner and/or outer layer and/or insulating layer. The barrier may be moisture impermeable and/or oxygen impermeable, may include wax or other additive. The isolation device can be sized to fit in a container. However, it is not known how the microbiological degradation can be supported or improved. It is also not known how the device must be designed in order to use it as a waste bag.

The EP 0 646 087 B1 discloses biodegradable collection or transport containers formed of collagen and containing at least 50% collagen fibers by dry weight. The collagen is usually obtained from slaughterhouse waste, which is crushed, processed and processed into collagen foils using known methods. These can be processed into bags or sacks, which are used as waste containers in large companies such as restaurants or canteens, or in small format in households. The film material is uniform in structure and color and has no particle inclusions and should only have limited permeability to oxygen and carbon dioxide in order not to support the growth of aerobic or anaerobic bacteria. The collagen substrate should have the lowest possible germ content. A use of wool or raw materials obtained from wool is not disclosed. It is also not known how the structure of the transport container can be strengthened or how the microbiological degradation can be improved or supported.

The DE 11 2008 000 001 T5 discloses a biodegradable film that can be used as a garbage bag. The film should bring about sufficient water resistance, strength and a lower environmental impact with released pollutants. The film is formed from protein, cellulosic fibers, urea and optionally starch. The protein used can either be derived from plants or animals (e.g. milk protein, collagen, keratin) or synthesized. The foil can have a thickness of 1 to 100 μm. Depending on the thickness of the film, it will be water resistant for approximately one to three weeks, or longer, when submerged in water. It is not known how the structure of the transport container can be reinforced. It is also not known how the microbiological degradation can be improved or supported.

The US 3,762,454A discloses a disposable container, and in particular a disposable garbage container, which self-degrades in the presence of water and elevated temperature. The disposable container material preferably comprises a polyvinyl alcohol formed from at least 98% hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate, or other polymeric material Material which is soluble in water at a temperature of at least 70°F. Microcapsules can be incorporated into the walls of the disposable container. The microcapsules contain liquid such as water, perfume, disinfectant, aqueous solutions of bacteria that degrade the polymer film, and the like. The rupture of the microcapsules results in sufficient moisture and/or bacteria to degrade the container or release other desirable materials such as perfume. The foil may be reinforced by a woven inner layer of fibrous material. The liquid-containing microcapsules can be attached to the surface of the disposable container by suitable techniques. A particularly useful technique for applying the microencapsulated liquid is to use an annular die to apply the microcapsules to the film via a gas stream. The microspheres can also be mixed with the polyvinyl alcohol before the film is made. The liquid containing microspheres can be made by any conventional technique and can be made of any suitable encapsulating material such as glass, epoxies, phenolic resins, waxes or polyvinyl alcohol. The microspheres are generally about 5 to 5000 microns in diameter, and preferably about 20 to 150 microns in diameter. A use of wool or raw materials obtained from wool is not disclosed. Furthermore, aqueous solutions with bacteria are disclosed, with the activity of the bacteria contained decreasing over time. It is not known how to further support the microbiological degradation.

TASK

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a collection device, in particular a collection device for biodegradable waste, which biodegrades more quickly than conventional biodegradable plastics, the decomposition products of the collection device preferably being able to be provided as fertilizer for plants. In addition, the collection device should allow the use of, in particular, domestic, rapidly renewable raw materials, which can preferably be used as the starting material for providing a collection device according to the invention without complex pretreatment.

SOLUTION

The object is achieved with a bag device, in particular a waste collection bag device with the features of claim 1. Further advantageous configurations can be found in the dependent claims, the description and the exemplary embodiments.

The invention is achieved by a bag device for receiving and storing materials, wherein the bag device comprises a receiving area, wherein the material from which the receiving area is formed is formed from at least 20% of a biodegradable bag material, preferably from a renewable raw material wherein the biodegradable bag material comprises an animal material with a fibrous structure, the animal material having a weight proportion of at least 20% of the total weight of the bag device.

GENERAL ADVANTAGES

With the invention, it is possible to use the renewable raw material wool for other uses than the well-known uses. The sachet device will biodegrade at least as quickly as most conventional biodegradable plastics, but offers the advantage that the decomposition products of the sachet device can be used as nutrients by, for example, plants or fungi. Since spinnable animal hair, such as wool of inferior quality, can also be used for the production of the bag device, in particular for a waste collection bag device, it can be put to economic use. The bag device can also be used as a means of transport for food, for example, and can thus contribute to minimizing packaging materials made of conventional plastics in order to reduce the environmental impact.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a bag device for receiving and storing materials, the bag device comprising a receiving area. The receiving area is preferably designed in such a way that different materials can be received by it. The receiving area has at least one opening which serves to receive materials. The opening is preferably arranged opposite a closed base, as is the case, for example, with conventional rubbish bags. Furthermore, the receiving area has an inner wall and an outer wall, with the inner wall facing the received material when the bag device is used as intended, while the outer wall faces the space surrounding the bag device.

In one embodiment, handles are arranged on the receiving area, preferably at the height of the opening. These can include the same material as the material of the receiving area. The advantage of this is on the one hand that the handles can be disposed of with the receiving area. Alternatively, suitable handles can also be made by at least partially making recesses in the wall, preferably at the level of the opening, such as the outer wall or the outer and inner wall of the bag device (e.g. by making slots in the wall of the bag device). be introduced. As a result, it is advantageously possible to dispense with the attachment of handles as additional elements, as a result of which the expenditure due to additional work steps or the risk of the occurrence of "breakage points" is minimized.

In an alternative embodiment, a handle can be made of a different material. For example, a handle can be formed from a thermoplastic whose mechanical stability or resilience corresponds at least to that of the receiving area. A handle can, for example, be connected to the receiving area via a material connection (e.g. gluing), the adhesive preferably being biodegradable. In an alternative embodiment, a handle can be connected to the receiving area via a positive connection. It is advantageous if the form-fitting connection is reversible, since the receiving area with the material contained therein can be easily transported on the one hand, the handles being removed before disposal of the filled receiving area and reused for another receiving area. In a preferred embodiment, the handles are arranged as lateral recesses in the outer and inner wall of the receiving area. This has the advantage that the handles do not have to be attached as an additional element.

In a further embodiment, the handles can comprise loop-shaped extensions, with two handles being connected via at least two loop-shaped extensions, or the ends of the loop-shaped extensions being designed as handles. The outer wall of the receiving area can be arranged on the loop-shaped extensions. In one embodiment, the looped extensions can be placed within a garbage can while the handles are wrapped around the rim of the garbage can's opening. The receiving area is then also placed inside the rubbish bin and thus rests on the loop-shaped extensions. The advantage of using the loop-shaped extensions is that the receiving area filled with a material can be lifted out of the waste bin using the handles, the loop-shaped extensions having sufficiently high mechanical stability to transport the receiving area and its contents. This advantageously results in that the material from which the receiving area is formed can have a small thickness, since the main mechanical load-bearing capacity is provided by the loop-shaped extensions and the handles connected to them. In this exemplary embodiment, the bag device according to the invention is therefore formed from a receiving area and loop-shaped extensions with handles that are not connected to it in a materially bonded manner. In a further embodiment, the loop-shaped extensions are designed as a net. The material from which the receiving area is formed can thus advantageously have an even smaller thickness, since the net contributes to the main mechanical stability of the bag device.

In one embodiment, the receiving area has at least two layers and/or is formed as a composite of different fiber types. A first type of fiber can be made of a material defined herein with a fibrous or foil structure. A first type of fiber can also be designed as a foiled structure as defined herein and not fibrous, while a second type of fiber has a larger cross-section than the first type of fiber. The second type of fiber can have a round cross-section and/or be designed in the form of a ribbon. The second fiber type is preferably hollow (having a cavity) and/or filled or coated with a bioactive additive and/or a catalytically active additive and/or a further additive defined herein. Advantageously, the second type of fiber can be used to mechanically reinforce the structure of a receiving area formed from a vegetable or animal material (e.g. wool). At the same time, the second type of fiber ensures that microorganisms come into contact with the material of the bag device or the waste contained in the receiving area. In particular when the structure of the second type of fiber is disturbed, for example by the action of mechanical forces.

The supporting structure of the second fiber type is preferably biodegradable and is preferably formed from a material as defined herein. The second fiber type is preferably designed as a textile fabric. The textile fabric can be a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a mesh, a non-woven fabric or felt. The textile fabric can therefore preferably be woven, knitted, felted and/or joined using a common method. The second fiber type is particularly preferably woven as a textile fabric. The coating of a bag structure with microcapsules known from the prior art cannot be used to improve the mechanical stability of the bag device. The second type of fiber according to the invention combines the improvement in mechanical stability with the improved biodegradation of the bag device.

The bag device can also be formed from just a receiving area, without handles being arranged.

A material according to the invention includes substances or mixtures of substances which can preferably be at least partially and ideally completely biologically degraded. For example, a material can be a mixture of different kitchen waste (e.g. banana peels, fruit trimmings, coffee grounds, egg shells, etc.). This material is also commonly known as biowaste. Biodegradability refers to the ability of an organic material, a substance or a composition of substances to be decomposed by living beings, in particular saprobiotics, or by their enzymes. In the ideal case, the biodegradability proceeds completely up to the point of mineralization, so that the organic compounds of the material, the substance or the composition of substances are broken down down to inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide, oxygen and ammonia. For the purposes of the invention, biodegradability and compostability are used as equivalent terms. A material may also include a feed or a foodstuff. It is conceivable that the device according to the invention is used for receiving and/or packaging food (e.g. potatoes, onions, apples). Furthermore, excrement (e.g. dog excrement) can also be included in a material.

A biodegradability of at least 20% expresses that the material used for the receiving area and/or the waste material comprised by the receiving area is at least 20% degradable up to mineralization. The compostability of organic materials or an organic substance composition is highly dependent on factors such as the organisms involved in the decomposition, the oxygen content and the temperature. A biodegradability of at least 20% refers to composting through to mineralization within a certain period of time. The period of time depends at least on the factors just described.

In a preferred embodiment, the bag material, ie the material from which the receiving area in particular is formed, is formed from a biodegradable material. This material is preferably a renewable raw material. Such is to be understood that it is not, or not directly, obtained from fossil fuels. Instead, a renewable resource is derived from an organism. The receiving area can also be formed from more than one bag material. It is thus conceivable that different bag materials are connected to one another (eg woven, glued) in order to form the receiving area according to the invention. The use of different bag materials may be desirable if the material thickness is to be influenced. For example, the weaving of cotton threads can advantageously contribute to greater stability of the receiving area.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the bag material comprises an animal material with a fibrous structure. For example, such a material can be formed from the feathers of a bird. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the animal material comprises spinnable hair, in particular sheep's wool. It is also conceivable that the animal material includes the spinnable hair of other mammals, such as the wool of a goat, a camel-like animal (e.g. camel, dromedary, alpaca, llama, vicuna), a goat-like animal (e.g. musk ox), a cow (e.g. yak), a hare or rabbit-like animal (e.g. angora rabbit), or a pig. In addition, hair that is not part of a wool (e.g. human head hair) can also be used for the present invention. The use of human hair advantageously allows the use of this raw material, which is mainly produced in barber shops and otherwise ends up in the trash.

Based on the total weight of the bag device, but at least based on the total weight of the receiving area, the animal material accounts for at least 20% by weight. Furthermore, higher proportions by weight can also be used. The proportion by weight of the animal material based on the total weight of the receiving area is less than 70%, preferably less than 60%, particularly preferably less than 50%, further preferably less than 40%, and particularly preferably less than 30%. A lower proportion by weight of the animal material advantageously allows the animal material to be used more efficiently, with the person skilled in the art being able to select a corresponding proportion by weight of the animal material depending on the required mechanical requirements (e.g. in terms of tear strength).

According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the wall of the receiving area of the bag device consists of at least 70%, particularly preferably at least 80%, very particularly preferably at least 90%, such as at least 91%, at least 92%, at least 93%, at least 94%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97% spinnable hair as defined above.

Preferably, the bag device for receiving and storing materials comprises a receiving area, wherein the material from which the receiving area is formed is formed at least 20% from a biodegradable bag material, preferably from a renewable raw material, the biodegradable bag material being an animal material with a fibrous structure, wherein the animal material comprises at least 20% by weight of the total weight of the bag device. The use of a renewable raw material such as wool for the manufacture of the device according to the invention opens up the utilization of wool of inferior quality which is not used for use in the textile industry can. Further preferred ranges of the proportion by weight of the animal material in relation to the total weight of the device according to the invention are at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50% or at least 60%.

More preferably, the bag device for receiving and storing materials comprises a receiving area, wherein the material from which the receiving area is formed is formed at least 20% from a biodegradable bag material, preferably from a renewable raw material, the biodegradable bag material being an animal Material with a fibrous structure comprising, wherein the animal material, based on the total weight of the bag device, has a weight proportion of at least 20%, wherein the bag device is designed for the storage of waste. Further preferred ranges of the proportion by weight of the animal material in relation to the total weight of the device according to the invention are at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50% or at least 60%.

The receiving area preferably has a tear strength of at least 10 Newtons (N), preferably at least 20 N, particularly preferably at least 30 N, further preferably at least 40 N, further particularly preferably at least 50 N. The person skilled in the art can influence the tear strength as he wishes, depending on which material composition he chooses and/or which type of processing (e.g. thread size, weave) he decides to form the receiving area. A higher tear strength advantageously allows a higher carrying capacity of the bag device and the transport of the material located in the bag device.

The volume of the receiving area can be freely selected by a person skilled in the art.

The use of a horn material for the device according to the invention makes it possible to utilize this renewable raw material. For example, the handles can be made of horn. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the horn material is processed accordingly, so that a receiving area can be manufactured from it. For this, horn material could be planed into horn shavings, the horn shavings being glued together with a preferably biodegradable adhesive to form the bag device. Furthermore, spring material could also be used, for example by softening the springs by an optional process and gluing them together with a preferably biodegradable adhesive to form the pouch device. Horn and feather material accumulates in large quantities during slaughter. Both can also be formed into fibers or into fibrous structures by means of a method, which in turn can be used for the design of the receiving area.

A wool material (also: wool) from a sheep is particularly preferably used for the device according to the invention. It is irrelevant from which species the wool comes. The wool can be processed using known methods in order to form the bag device according to the invention, in particular the receiving area, from it. Various methods are known to the person skilled in the art for producing a textile from the wool, which essentially makes up the main component of the bag device (the receiving area). In one embodiment, a receiving area can be formed from wool, with the wool fibers not being connected to one another via a weaving technique, knitting technique, knitting technique or felting. Instead, the wool fibers or wool fiber components can be cross-linked by means of an adhesive, which is preferably also biodegradable.

In particular, the animal material comprises a wool material and/or a horn material and/or a feather material. Materials other than wool can thus advantageously be used for the production of the device according to the invention. In particular, feathers, for example from slaughterhouse waste, are mainly disposed of these days.

The individual components of the device can thus be designed in the form of scrims, bundles, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics, braids, fleeces, felts, cardboard, needle mats, stitch-bonded mats, mats, reinforced fibers or similar layers.

In one embodiment, the animal material comprises a keratin or a keratin compound. Keratins are essentially fibrous proteins that can be obtained from wool, feathers or horn using known methods. For example, keratins can be hydrolyzed, making them easier to process. A keratin obtained from wool, feathers or horn can also be referred to as a biopolymer. Such a biopolymer can be formed (foiled) into a film, for example, using methods known to those skilled in the art, from which the receiving area is formed. Alternatively, a biopolymer can be spun into a fiber, which serves as the basis for a weaving technique to create the receiving area. The biopolymer can also be combined with biodegradable plastics (e.g. PLA, PHA, TPS, PCL, PBAT, PEF). By adding biodegradable plastics, the material properties, in particular of the receiving area, such as extensibility, tear strength or temperature resistance can be advantageously influenced.

In particular, the animal material comprises a keratin or a keratin compound. The keratin or keratin compound can be extracted from, for example, wool by a known extraction method. The keratin obtained in this way can be used as the starting material for forming a foiled structure. So can the invention Device, in particular the receiving area, are formed as a foiled structure. The advantage of this is that the receiving area is impermeable to water as a result of being a foiled structure (also: foil).

In one embodiment, the biodegradable bag material is a biopolymer. A biopolymer comprises protein-based substances which can be obtained from animal raw materials such as wool or vegetable raw materials using known methods and can be processed using chemical methods to form plastic films, for example.

As stated above, the bag device should be able to serve to receive and transport kitchen waste, for example. These often have a high moisture content. In order to prevent the receiving area from being soaked, in one embodiment it is provided with at least one impregnation layer. This is understood to mean a layer which essentially reduces or preferably completely prevents the passage of water. In the broader sense of the invention, however, impregnation also includes a coating with an additive, which can include at least one of the substances, additives and/or organisms described below. An additive also includes enzymatically active structures.

The receiving area is preferably provided with at least one impregnation layer and/or at least one separating layer, with at least one impregnation layer or at least one separating layer being designed as a hydrophobic layer and/or as an antibacterial layer.

In one embodiment, the hydrophobic layer comprises a fat and/or an oil and/or a wax and/or a hydrophobic substance.

In one embodiment, at least one impregnation layer comprises a fungus and/or a microorganism and/or an enzyme.

The device according to the invention can be coated in whole or in part with a bioactive additive. A bioactive additive includes microorganisms defined herein, in particular bacteria and/or fungi and/or enzymes. The use of genetically modified microorganisms or enzymes produced via recombinant synthesis routes, for example, which are optimized for the degradation of the device according to the invention and/or the degradation of the bag contents to be disposed of, is preferred. Advantageously, the use of these same microorganisms or enzymes means that the pouch device and/or its contents can be biodegraded more efficiently than would be the case with naturally occurring microorganisms or enzymes. After a In a preferred embodiment, bacteria and/or fungi are used as the bioactive additive.

The bioactive additive can be applied on and/or within the layers of the device according to the invention in the form of a layer and/or be encapsulated.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, when bacteria and/or fungi are used, they are in the form of spores. This has the advantage that they can survive longer without nutrients, which means that the device according to the invention can be stored for a long time - until the bioactive additive is brought into contact with the material from which the receiving area is formed and/or with the waste to be decomposed, in particular biowaste. In addition, uncontrolled growth (e.g. outgrowth) can be minimized or prevented as a result of which time-consuming encapsulation of the bioactive additive can also advantageously be dispensed with.

Furthermore, the receiving area can comprise at least one separating layer. Such a layer describes a layer which separates two compartments, for example two impregnation layers, from one another. A separation layer can, but does not have to, have the same chemical composition as an impregnation layer. This is preferably formed from at least one hydrophobic layer, but can also be formed from a non-hydrophobic layer. The purpose of a separation layer is described below. The person skilled in the art is aware of a large number of substances which can impart hydrophobicity to a layer. In particular, animal or vegetable fats, oils or waxes are known for their hydrophobic properties. According to the invention, preference is given to fats, oils or waxes that are compostable, ie at least 20%, preferably completely, biodegradable. The material from which the receiving area is formed (also: textile) can be provided with a hydrophobic layer or an additive, for example via a spraying process. Alternatively, the textile can also be soaked in a bath of fat, oil or wax in order to apply the impregnation layer. In an alternative embodiment, an additional application of an impregnation layer is not necessary if the processed bag material itself is sufficiently hydrophobic. Instead of a fat, oil or wax, another water-repellent/hydrophobic substance can also be used. An impregnation layer or a separating layer can also be configured as a textile. For example, the receiving area can be formed from a felt bonded to a fiber textile (e.g. cotton, coconut fiber, wood wool). The separation layer is preferably designed to be degradable. This means that it will dissolve on contact with a liquid such as water. The separation layer can also by a mechanical force can be destroyed. Typically, suitable fats or fat-like substances for forming a hydrophobic layer are selected from C ₁₄ -C ₃₆ long chain aliphatic alcohols, sterols (cholesterol, dihydrocholesterol, lanosterol, dihydrolanosterol, agnosterol, dihydroagnosterol), C ₈ -C ₄₁ long chain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids , in particular saturated C ₈ -C ₄₁ fatty acids and combinations thereof. Suitable fats or fat-like substances particularly preferably have a melting point of at least 40° C., particularly preferably at least 50° C., very particularly preferably at least 60° C., so that it can be used at higher storage and storage temperatures. Palmitic acid ( _TS ~ 63 °C), lanolin (also known as wool grease or wool wax), cetyl alcohol (TS = 49 °C), carnauba wax (82 °C ≤ T _S ≤ 86 °C) have proven to be particularly suitable fats for forming a hydrophobic layer C), Ceralan (65 °C ≤ T _S ≤ 70 °C), Berry Wax (T _S ~ 52 °C), Beeswax (61 °C ≤ T _S ≤ 65 °C), Jasmine Wax (Ts ~ 60 °C), Plant leaf wax such as mimosa wax (60°C ≤ T _S ≤ 70° C), rose wax (45° C ≤ T _S ≤ 65° C) or violet leaf wax (60° C ≤ T _S ≤ 65° C), or mixtures thereof. The fats carnauba wax, ceralan, berry wax, beeswax, hardened or cross-linked fats or mixtures thereof are very particularly preferred. For example, chemical and/or thermal pretreatment (ie before the impregnation is brought into contact with the bag material) or post-treatment (ie after the impregnation is brought into contact with the bag material) can induce curing and/or cross-linking of the biodegradable impregnation.

In order to achieve temporary durability and storage stability, walls, in particular the inner wall, are provided with coatings and/or impregnations made from the aforementioned materials, in particular fats, oils, waxes or combinations thereof, particularly preferably biodegradable fats, oils, waxes or combinations thereof, Mistake. Consequently, the wall of the bag device, in particular of the receiving area, very particularly preferably the inner wall, is provided with a water- and/or oil-repellent coating and/or impregnation and/or laminated with a biodegradable film.

An impregnation layer and/or separating layer can be designed as an antibacterial layer. This is preferably arranged on the inner wall of the receiving area. A person skilled in the art is aware of various antimicrobial active substances which have antimicrobial properties in relation to bacteria and/or fungi. The use of an antibacterial layer advantageously allows odors to be prevented or the development of odors to be reduced. This is particularly advantageous when organic waste is stored in the receiving area.

The material from which the receiving area is formed can be scented. The formation of odors is thus advantageously counteracted. In addition or as an alternative to a fragrance, the receiving area can be coated with a repellent and/or an insecticide. Fly or moth infestation can thus be advantageously prevented. A fragrance can also be a repellent at the same time. In one embodiment, dried coffee powder or preferably coffee residues (also: dried coffee grounds) are incorporated into the textile of the receiving area. It is thus advantageously possible to further counteract odor formation and at the same time the incorporated coffee residues can serve as a fertilizer for saprobiotics, fungi or microorganisms which are involved in the biological degradation. Furthermore, coffee grounds can advantageously be put to further use. In a further embodiment, the receiving area, preferably its inner wall, can comprise at least one bag structure, which comprises dried coffee powder/coffee residues or can be filled with this.

In a preferred embodiment, the material of the receiving area is scented. This can advantageously counteract the development of an odor from the garbage stored in the receiving area.

The fragrance or the hydrophobic substance can be of vegetable origin. For example, essential oils (e.g. eucalyptus oil, lemon oil, orange oil) are known, which are obtained from various plant species. Furthermore, a fragrance or a hydrophobic substance can be of fungal origin. For example, yeasts can be used to produce certain phytochemicals (e.g. fragrances). Furthermore, a fragrance or a hydrophobic substance (e.g. a fat) can be of animal origin or of synthetic origin, i.e. produced via a chemical synthesis route. A fat or oil, for example, which is a waste product from a previous process, is also suitable as a hydrophobic substance for a water-repellent coating. So it is conceivable that used frying fat is used as a hydrophobic substance. This can thus advantageously be put to further use.

The fragrance and/or the hydrophobic substance is preferably of vegetable and/or fungal and/or animal and/or synthetic origin.

The bag device, in particular the material from which the receiving area is formed, can be post-treated chemically or thermally. A chemical and/or thermal post-treatment advantageously leads to cross-linking of the bag material. This is advantageous, for example, when greater mechanical stability of the bag material is to be achieved. So it is known that in the production of felt, which can be used as the bag material according to the invention, steam and a The application of force ensures that the wool fibers are cross-linked with one another. This would be understood as a thermal post-treatment. A chemical post-treatment would be understood, for example, if wool fibers were cross-linked by means of an adhesive component (eg an adhesive), for example, or if, as already mentioned above, two layers were bonded together.

In a preferred embodiment, the bag device and/or the receiving area and/or the biodegradable bag material is chemically and/or thermally post-treated. Cross-linking of the biodegradable bag material and/or the impregnation can preferably be induced by the chemical and/or thermal post-treatment.

In addition to the bag material made of an animal material described above, the bag material can comprise another animal material with a fibrous structure. Such a material is understood to have a fibrous structure at least at the macromolecular level. Examples are collagen or elastin. Advantageously, properties such as tear resistance or stability can be influenced and/or adjusted by adding other animal materials. Thus, slaughterhouse waste containing collagen or elastin can advantageously be used.

In one embodiment, the biodegradable bag material comprises, in addition to or as an alternative to the animal material, another animal material with a fibrous structure and/or a vegetable material and/or a fungal material and/or a microbial material and/or a synthetic material.

In one embodiment, a pouch material may comprise a vegetable material. The bag material could essentially be made of wool that is interspersed with wood fibers, coconut fibers, cotton threads or hemp threads. As a result, greater stability of the bag device can advantageously be achieved, for example. Furthermore, a fungal material can also be used. So it is conceivable that the substance chitin is isolated from a fungus in order to use it for the bag device according to the invention. In addition, a microbial material (eg, a microbially produced polysaccharide) or synthetic material (eg, a plastic) can also be used as the bag material. Preferably, these materials are at least 20% biodegradable, or inert to the organisms or enzymes involved in the biodegradation of the pouch device. An inert property is one that has no negative or preferably even a positive influence (eg faster biological degradation) on the biological or enzymatic processes during degradation.

The materials that form the bag device, in particular the receiving area, can be connected to one another individually or in combination using a mechanical method. A mechanical process includes, for example, a weaving technique or a technique for producing felt or the like. Using a mechanical process, a bag material can be made into a textile (e.g. boiled wool, felt, loden) or a net, from which the receiving area is then formed. It is irrelevant which weaving technique the person skilled in the art chooses to form the receiving area according to the invention. Various weaving techniques (e.g. plain weave, twill weave, satin) are well known from the prior art. In a preferred embodiment, the receiving area includes a felt. The advantage of using a felt is that it can be produced with a thickness of less than 5 mm, preferably less than 3.5 mm, particularly preferably less than 2.5 mm and very particularly preferably less than 1.5 mm and thereby less material has to be used, which reduces the weight and cost of a bag assembly. On the other hand, a greater material thickness enables a more stable receiving area and an increased carrying capacity of the bag device. Cross-linking with at least one other bag material (e.g. a biopolymer or a biodegradable plastic) can give the felt greater tear resistance and/or lower water permeability.

The materials that form the bag device, in particular the receiving area, can be connected to one another individually or in combination using a semi-mechanical method. A semi-mechanical method includes, for example, vapor deposition, deposition, or spraying. The advantage of such a method is that a bag material and/or an impregnation layer and/or a separating layer can be applied with a very small layer thickness and thus a saving in material and weight is advantageously achieved.

The receiving area can have a woven structure or a felt-like structure. Both structures can be obtained via a mechanical process. It is also conceivable for a mechanical and a semi-mechanical method to be combined with one another. For example, a felt could be produced as a base material for the receiving area using a mechanical process, with an impregnation layer, for example, being applied using a semi-mechanical process.

In a preferred embodiment, the receiving area has a woven structure or a felt-like structure. In a further embodiment, the receiving area has a foiled structure. In a further embodiment, the receiving area comprises a woven structure and/or a felt-like structure as well as a foiled structure Structure. In embodiments in which woven or felt-like structures are combined with foiled structures, e.g. via layering, the advantages of both structures, such as mechanical strength in woven or felt-like structures and water impermeability in foiled structures, can be achieved.

In one embodiment, the materials are bonded together individually or in combination with the animal material via a mechanical process or via a semi-mechanical process.

In one embodiment, the receiving area comprises a foiled structure. This is the case, for example, when a biopolymer is used as the basis for the bag material according to the invention. A foiled structure is known, for example, from common plastic foils. Advantageously, the use of a foiled structure of the bag material is accompanied by savings in material and weight compared to a woven structure or a felt-like structure. In addition, the use of a foiled structure advantageously allows the containment of a gas. In one embodiment of the invention, the receiving area does not include an opening. Instead, at least one gas chamber filled with a gas (e.g. air) is included in the receiving area. Thus, according to the invention, a gas is to be understood as a material that can be arranged within the receiving area or is surrounded by it. At least one gas chamber can also be arranged next to another. For example, a bubble wrap can be produced in this way, which is suitable for transporting fragile goods. The air cushion film can be formed from a biopolymer which is produced from wool, in particular keratins, with other additives (e.g. other biopolymers, biodegradable plastics, etc.) also being able to be added.

In one embodiment, the bag assembly is formed from air chamber filled and foiled receiving areas. In a further embodiment, the bag device is formed from air chamber-filled and film-coated receiving areas, which additionally have a reinforcing layer, which is formed, for example, from fibrous structures defined herein. Thus, for example, mechanically stable packaging units, for example for the packaging of fragile goods, can be provided.

The receiving area can comprise a combination of a woven structure and/or felt-like structure and/or foiled structure, with the first two advantageously contributing to the mechanical strength, while the foiled structure, which is additionally coated with one of the substances described above (e.g. hydrophobic substance, fragrance, etc.) can be coated, preventing or minimizing the passage of moisture.

In a preferred embodiment, the foiled structure is combined with at least one other foiled structure and/or combined with a separating layer and/or coated with an additive, in particular a bioactive or catalytic additive.

The composition of an impregnation layer can include a fungus and/or a microorganism (e.g. a bacterium), which is preferably present in a dormant state, i.e. a state of low metabolic activity - also often referred to as the spore stage - which advantageously results in a longer shelf life. Additionally or alternatively, the impregnation layer can also comprise an enzyme. The fungus, the microorganism, the enzyme are preferably capable of at least keratin and/or cellulose and/or chitin and/or lignin and/or a biodegradable plastic (e.g. PLA, PHA, TPS, PCL, PBAT, PEF), or to cleave a material composition of at least one of the above. It is known that these macromolecules are cleaved via keratinases, cellulases, chitinases and ligninases. These can be isolated from different species and/or produced recombinantly in microorganisms.

More preferably, the fungus and/or the microorganism and/or the enzyme has the ability of cellulose, or lignin, or chitin, or keratin, or PLA, or PHA, or TPS, or PCL, or PBAT, or PEF, or a composition of matter degrade at least one of the materials mentioned. Advantageously, this means that different embodiments of the bag device can be dismantled.

In one embodiment, the device comprises at least one separating layer, which separates microorganisms and/or enzymes defined herein from the material of the receiving area. The separating layer is preferably designed in such a way that it degrades depending on, for example, moisture or mechanical disturbance.

In one embodiment, the separating layer spatially separates the fungus and/or the microorganism and/or the enzyme from the bag material. In particular, disruption of the separating layer enables the fungus and/or the microorganism and/or the enzyme to be brought into contact with the bag material. This is preferably designed in such a way that it is degraded by wetting with a liquid such as water or by microbiological or enzymatic activity.

The fungus and/or the microorganism and/or the enzyme is preferably spatially separated from the bag material by a separating layer, so that at the beginning they are not in contact with it. Disturbance of the separating layer, e.g. by tearing of the bag device, or soaking through of the separating layer, leads to contacting of the fungus and/or the microorganism and/or the enzyme with it the bag material. In this way, it can be advantageously achieved that the bag material as well as the content of the receiving area are biologically degraded more quickly and are advantageously only degraded when the bag device and its contents are actually ready for biological degradation (e.g. on a compost heap, in a composting plant, in a biogas plant). is provided. This is particularly advantageous when the bag material contains, for example, wood fibers and/or cotton fibers.

In one embodiment, the separating layer delimits the microorganism and/or a catalytically active additive from the content of the receiving area.

In one embodiment, the bag device, in particular the receiving area, is designed in at least three layers. The layers can be formed from different materials defined herein. At least one layer is arranged between two further layers or surrounds at least one layer and is designed as a separating layer.

In one embodiment, the bag device is designed in such a way that the inside of the receiving area, ie the side facing the item to be received, is coated with an antimicrobial additive. In a further embodiment, the inside and/or outside of the receiving area is coated with a catalytic additive and/or with a bioactive additive. It can thus be advantageously achieved that certain microorganisms are introduced into the waste to be decomposed in order, for example, to decompose it more quickly. For example, it is known that so-called effective microorganisms are used to produce "Bokashi". The exact composition of the effective microorganisms can be selected by the person skilled in the art.

In one embodiment, the material from which the receiving area is formed comprises a catalytic additive (eg glucose) which increases the biological activity of the fungus and/or the microorganism and/or the enzyme, in particular during biological degradation. Preferably, the catalytic additive comes into contact with the fungus, and/or the microorganism, and/or the enzyme with a disruption of the separation layer. With a catalytic additive, it can be advantageously achieved that the biological degradation proceeds more quickly and the time up to mineralization is shortened compared to a device according to the invention without a catalytic additive. A catalytic additive can be applied to the bag material, for example via a semi-mechanical process, or can be included in the bag material. For example, sugar cane or sugar beet fibers, which occur as waste during sugar production, could be woven with the wool material. Advantageously, the addition of a catalytic additive allows for a rapid increase in the number of fungi or microorganisms, so that a greater number of them are present around the bag device as well as those contained to dismantle waste. With the use of fibrous catalytic additives such as sugar cane fibers, the mechanical stability of the bag device, in particular of the receiving area, is additionally increased.

In one embodiment, the pouch device comprises a swellable substance that is biodegradable. Such a product can be, for example, konjac flour and/or other natural, synthetic or semi-synthetic polymers which have good biocompatibility. The swellable substance can be incorporated into or encompassed by the material from which the receiving area is formed in the dehydrated state, for example as a powder. A swellable substance can advantageously be used to provide a larger substrate volume, which supports the growth of microorganisms, in particular fungi, when its volume increases as a result of contact with a liquid (e.g. water). By increasing the volume or the surface, the microorganisms can absorb more nutrients. An enlarged surface allows a better gas exchange of e.g. oxygen.

It is desirable for the swellable substance to be selected from a group of substances or mixtures of substances which have a pronounced swelling behavior. Polysaccharides (e.g. alginic acid, starch, pectins, chitin, cellulose) are also suitable for this.

According to a preferred embodiment, the swellable substance is selected from swellable materials such as konjac flour, tapioca starch, cassava starch, sago starch.

In one embodiment, one or more swellable substances are present as essentially pelleted and/or spherical units, e.g. with a diameter of preferably 0.5 mm to 10 mm, particularly preferably between 2 mm and 8 mm and very particularly preferably between 2 mm and 5mm, in front. Depending on the need and application, other diameters for a swellable substance formed as a substantially pelletized and/or spherical entity may also be envisaged. These swellable substances, formed as a substantially pelletized and/or spherical entity, may be coated with a coating agent that is degraded by contact with a liquid such as water. The person skilled in the art knows which types of coating (eg hard gelatine, cellulose derivatives) are suitable for covering the spherical units. The person skilled in the art knows how to press a powdered material, such as konjac flour, into a compressed product which assumes an essentially pelleted or spherical shape, which does not exceed a diameter of 10 mm, for example.

In one embodiment, the swellable substance is mixed with an additive defined herein, in particular a bioactive additive or catalytically active additive, in order to further improve the effect described above. The growth of mycelia, for example, is thus advantageously supported. In one embodiment, fungi, microorganisms or enzymes, or a mixture thereof, are selected which have reduced or no activity at room temperature (about 23°C) and below and are active at a temperature higher than room temperature. This temperature is preferably more than 5°C, particularly preferably more than 10°C, very particularly preferably more than 15°C and further particularly preferably more than 20°C and further very particularly preferably more than 25°C higher than room temperature. It can thus be advantageously achieved that biological degradation caused by the added fungi, microorganisms or enzymes does not already occur, e.g. in the household, in which the bag device according to the invention is stored and this is already degraded and impaired in its mechanical stability before the intended disposal. Temperatures higher than 23 °C can be found in compost heaps, for example, and have an impact on accelerated biodegradation. It is known that temperatures in compost bins or composting plants can easily exceed 70 °C. Especially at the beginning of composting, the high temperatures are necessary for the decomposition process. Temperatures between 60 °C and 70 °C are considered ideal because, among other things, they kill harmful organisms (homogenization and hygienization) and promote the conversion of the biodegradable material. However, if the mix of compost material is not balanced, the process can easily take on a life of its own, causing temperatures to continue to rise. This can be the case, for example, if there is too much fresh grass clippings. If the heat builds up in the compost heap to over 80 °C, the rate of decomposition decreases. Above 100 °C there is only chemical and no biological degradation of the organic materials. Large amounts of grass clippings can even self-ignite at such temperatures.

For the purposes of the invention, genetically modified microorganisms can also be used whose metabolic activity is adapted for a temperature range of 50° C. to 100° C. or above in order to enable biological degradation that is as efficient as possible. Advantageously, genetically modified microorganisms or engineered enzymes are capable of biodegrading the pouch device and/or the contents of the receiving area more efficiently than is the case for naturally occurring microorganisms or enzymes.

In a further embodiment, the bag device according to the invention can be provided for biological degradation within a biogas plant. Biogas plants included usually microorganisms that show increased activity in temperature ranges from about 30 to about 50°C, or at higher temperature ranges.

The design using a lightweight felt allows for larger air spaces within the fabric and promotes gas and water exchange, thereby biodegrading the pouch material more efficiently. In one embodiment, an impregnation layer comprises at least one microorganism (bacterium, fungus) and/or an enzyme which is/are capable of cleaving a biopolymer or a synthetically produced polymer which can be part of the bag material and/or the material. which is stored within the receiving area. Plastics, in particular biodegradable plastics, can advantageously be degraded faster than is currently the case.

The bag device according to the invention is preferably at least 20%, more preferably at least 40%, and more preferably at least 60% composted/biodegraded over a period of 8 weeks. More preferably, the bag device according to the invention is 90% degraded after 10 weeks. Furthermore, particularly preferably, the dismantling of the bag device takes place as required by DIN EN 13432 and determined according to it.

More preferably, the pouch device or (biodegradable) pouch material is at least 20% biodegradable over a period of 8 weeks or at least 90% biodegradable over a period of 10 weeks. The rate of biodegradation depends on various factors such as temperature and humidity.

In a preferred embodiment, the bag device comprises a thread pull system. Such is known, for example, from common garbage bags. The opening of the receiving area can be closed with a closable thread pull system. The thread pulling system preferably comprises a material which is also biodegradable. For example, a thread pull system can be formed on a wool cord. The thread pulling system is preferably arranged in the immediate vicinity of the opening of the receiving area. When used as intended, the receiving area can be filled with a material (e.g. organic waste) and closed using the thread pull system.

The invention also relates to a composite article for storing materials and comprises a bag assembly as described herein and a material as described herein, the formation of the composite article being accomplished by placing the material within the receiving area, the material within the Recording area is transportable, wherein the combination product is preferably at least 20% compostable / biodegradable.

The invention also relates to a combination product for storing materials, goods, in particular bulk goods and/or waste, the combination product being produced by arranging a bag device defined herein, having a receiving area, on or in a bag fixing device. The bag fixing device is preferably transportable.

A bag fixing device is understood to mean any device which is suitable for receiving or storing the bag device. The bag device can preferably be arranged at at least two, in particular at least three, particularly preferably four or more points on the bag fixing device or connected to it. The at least three, particularly preferably four or more, points on the bag fixing device are preferably arranged in such a way that when a bag device is used as intended, at least one opening of the bag device can be or is opened up. The points on the bag fixing device for arranging the bag device can also be designed as an at least partially encircling fixing element, for example as an at least partially encircling square, oval or ring. In this case, the at least partially circumferential fixing element can be designed, for example, in the form of a rail.

A bag fixing device can be a transport container, a pallet (e.g. a Heilbronn half-pallet) or a construction on which the bag device can be hung like a sack. The bag fixing device is advantageously designed in such a way that at least two bag fixing devices are designed to be stackable in one spatial direction.

The bag device can be designed in such a way that the receiving area can be opened at the lower end, as a result of which the goods stored in the receiving area or the stored waste can be emptied out of the receiving area. It can thus advantageously be achieved that the bag device can be reused.

According to the intended use, the bag device preferably comprises at least one lower opening and one upper opening arranged opposite thereto. The bag device can be filled and/or emptied via at least one of the openings.

In one embodiment, the bag device lines a container, the thickness of the bag device being selected such that goods transported within the receiving area are dampened against vibrations. For example, the thickness of the receiving area is 10 to 50 cm, preferably 5 to 30 cm.

In a further embodiment, the receiving area is formed from a material described herein with a fibrous structure (e.g. wool), with at least one swellable substance being arranged in cavities of the receiving area or in the spaces between the fibers. Thus, the shape of the receiving area or bag means can conform to the shape of an item to be transported within the receiving area when a liquid, such as water or liquid from the biodegradable waste and/or biowaste, is added. Due to the swelling of the swellable substance, the receiving area nestles against the goods to be transported.

In one embodiment, the bag device for receiving and storing materials comprises a receiving area, wherein the material from which the receiving area is formed is formed at least 20% from a biodegradable bag material, preferably from a renewable raw material, the biodegradable bag material an animal material with a fibrous structure, wherein the animal material has a weight proportion of at least 20%, based on the total weight of the bag device, wherein at least one swellable substance is arranged in cavities of the receiving area or in the spaces between the fibers.

The invention also relates to the use of the bag device according to the invention or the combination product according to the invention as a collection or transport container for materials intended as food or feed and/or for composting/biodegradation in a composting facility and/or a biogas plant.

EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

A preferred embodiment of the invention includes a bag assembly that includes a receiving area made of felted wool. The bag device is tubular and has a base which, when used as intended, rests on the base of the waste bin. The material thickness of the wall of the receiving area is approximately 2 mm. The volume of the receiving area is 20 liters so that it can be positioned in a standard kitchen waste bin. The organic waste can be positioned within the tubular receiving area. When the intake area is full, it can be lifted out of the bin with the biowaste it contains and placed on a compost heap to be biodegraded.

The described embodiment of the invention is to be understood as exemplary and not restrictive. The invention can also be carried out in other ways. For example, the receiving area made of wool and facing the biowaste can be extensively coated with an impregnation layer of fat in order to prevent the bag material from soaking through.

The above statements are only preferred and realizable embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent structural changes made by applying the description of the invention are to be included within the scope of the patent application.

Claims (15)

bag device for receiving and storing materials, the bag assembly having a receiving portion formed from a first type of fiber, wherein at least 20% of the material from which the receiving area is formed is formed from a biodegradable bag material, preferably from a renewable raw material, characterized in that the biodegradable bag material has an animal material with a fibrous and/or foiled structure, wherein the animal material has a weight proportion of at least 20%, based on the total weight of the bag device, wherein the receiving area has a second fiber type, which is materially connected to the receiving area if it is formed from a foiled structure, or is woven with the first fiber type of the receiving area if it is formed from a fibrous structure, wherein the second type of fiber has a cavity and/or is provided with a coating, wherein the cavity and/or the coating comprises an additive, in particular a catalytically active additive or bioactive additive. Device according to claim 1, wherein at least one degradable separating layer lies on the receiving area, wherein the degradable separating layer is designed to separate a biologically active additive and/or a catalytically active additive from the material of the receiving area as long as the degradable separating layer is intact. A device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the device comprises a catalytic additive which supports the growth of microorganisms. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the receiving area is provided with at least one impregnation layer and/or at least one separating layer. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inside of the receiving area is coated with an indwelling or spore stage of a microorganism, the indwelling or spore stage of the microorganism being located between the separating layer and the inside of the receiving area. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the biodegradable bag material in addition or as an alternative to the animal material another animal material with a fibrous structure and / or a plant material and / or a fungal material and / or a microbial material and / or a synthetic material included. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the biodegradable bag material is present as a biopolymer. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the receiving area comprises a woven structure and/or a felt-like structure and a foiled structure. A device according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein at least one impregnation layer comprises a fungus and/or a microorganism and/or an enzyme. Device according to one of claims 2 to 9, wherein the degradable separating layer spatially separates the permanent or spore stage of a fungus and/or a microorganism and/or an enzyme from the bag material as long as the separating layer is intact. Device according to claim 10, wherein the fungus and/or the microorganism and/or the enzyme has the ability to cellulose, or lignin, or chitin, or keratin, or PLA, or PHA, or TPS, or PCL, or PBAT, or PEF, or one Degrade material composition of at least one of the materials mentioned. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the pouch device or pouch (biodegradable) material is at least 20% biodegradable over an 8 week period or at least 90% biodegradable over a 10 week period. Device according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the device comprises a swellable substance which is biodegradable and which is suitable for supporting the growth of microorganisms. Combo product for storing materials and/or waste comprising a) a bag device with a receiving area according to one of claims 1 to 13, b) a bag fixing device, wherein the combination product is provided by arranging the bag device on or within the bag fixing device. Use of the bag device according to one of Claims 1 to 13, or a combination product according to Claim 14, as a collection or transport container for materials intended as food or feed and/or for composting/biodegradation in a composting facility and/or a biogas plant are.