EP4179615A1 - Convertisseur push-pull résonant auto-oscillant avec redresseur synchrone pour communication bidirectionnelle à modulation de phase - Google Patents

Convertisseur push-pull résonant auto-oscillant avec redresseur synchrone pour communication bidirectionnelle à modulation de phase

Info

Publication number
EP4179615A1
EP4179615A1 EP21736267.2A EP21736267A EP4179615A1 EP 4179615 A1 EP4179615 A1 EP 4179615A1 EP 21736267 A EP21736267 A EP 21736267A EP 4179615 A1 EP4179615 A1 EP 4179615A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transformer
converter circuit
synchronous rectifier
winding
circuit according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21736267.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Max Bauer
Peter Wehrli
Lukas GÄTZI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG filed Critical Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Publication of EP4179615A1 publication Critical patent/EP4179615A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/338—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement
    • H02M3/3382—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a self-oscillating arrangement in a push-pull circuit arrangement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33584—Bidirectional converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02—Details
    • H04L12/10—Current supply arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a DC/DC converter circuit for phase-modulated, in particular bidirectional communication, a method for operating such a DC/DC converter circuit, a communication system for bidirectional galvanically isolated communication and a field device with such a communication system.
  • field devices are often used which are used to record and/or influence process variables.
  • Sensors such as level meters, flow meters, pressure and temperature meters, pH redox potential meters, conductivity meters, etc.
  • process variables which record the corresponding process variables level, flow rate, pressure, temperature, pH value or conductivity.
  • Actuators such as valves or pumps, which can be used to change the flow of a liquid in a pipeline section or the fill level in a container, are used to influence process variables.
  • field devices are also understood to mean, in particular, remote I/Os, radio adapters or devices in general that are arranged at the field level.
  • Endress+Hauser manufactures and sells a large number of such field devices.
  • field devices are available as so-called 2-wire versions.
  • the field device is supplied with energy via the same pair of wires that is also used for communication.
  • 4-wire devices require an additional pair of wires for the power supply, which of course increases the cabling effort.
  • the input voltage normally varies between 10 and 36 V.
  • a 4-20 mA current loop e.g. B. typically a minimum of 4 mA at an input voltage of about 12 V is available.
  • the "intrinsic safety" type of protection (Ex-i or Ex-ia) is based on the principle of current and voltage limitation in a circuit.
  • the energy of the circuit which could be able to ignite an explosive atmosphere, is limited in such a way that the surrounding explosive atmosphere cannot be ignited either by sparks or by impermissible heating of the electrical components.
  • the field device therefore usually consists of main electronics to which the 2-wire or, if necessary, the 4-wire is also connected and sensor electronics which are galvanically isolated from the main electronics and which determine the physical variable to be measured via a sensor element.
  • sensor electronics which are galvanically isolated from the main electronics and which determine the physical variable to be measured via a sensor element.
  • a number of galvanically isolated interfaces are usually provided between the main electronics and the sensor electronics for energy and data transmission.
  • galvanically isolated data interfaces which can be configured, for example, inductively, capacitively or optically.
  • measurement data which represent the detected physical variable, are transmitted from the sensor electronics to the main electronics and, above all, parameters are transmitted from the main electronics to the sensor electronics via the galvanically isolated interfaces.
  • An additional galvanically isolated DC/DC converter circuit is also provided for the power supply of the sensor electronics.
  • About the DC/DC converter circuit energy is transferred from the main electronics to the sensor electronics via an additional channel.
  • both circuit arrangements have become established according to the prior art. This is also due in particular to the low complexity of the circuit arrangements. Both circuit arrangements have a pull-push driver, a transformer connected to it, a diode rectifier, optionally a filter element in the form of a storage inductor and an output capacitor. With very low power ( ⁇ 5W) it is not uncommon to omit a possible storage choke for decoupling the output capacitor.
  • the output voltage is heavily dependent on the load due to the leakage inductance of the transformer (represented by the inductance Lo in FIG. 1) and due to the diode forward voltages in the rectifier. This is possible up to a factor of two between idling (peak value rectification) and full load.
  • Switching frequencies of up to approx. 1 MHz can become necessary if, for example, the switching frequency is also to be used as a reference channel for digital signal transmission. In this case, the performance of a conventional circuit must be greatly improved to ensure feasibility.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of proposing a DC/DC converter circuit which has the same or only slightly higher complexity in accordance with the DC/DC converter circuits known from the prior art and at the same time has higher efficiency and improved load behavior and which additionally nor the switching frequency can be increased.
  • the DC/DC converter circuit according to the invention for phase-modulated, in particular bidirectional communication comprises: a push-pull driver to which a reference clock with a fixed predetermined frequency can be applied on the input side; a transformer with a primary and a secondary winding, the push-pull driver being connected to the primary winding on the output side; a synchronous rectifier which is connected on the AC side, preferably only to the secondary winding; a resonance circuit including at least a capacitance and an inductance, the resonance circuit being formed such that at least a part of the resonance circuit is formed on a primary side of the transformer and another part of the resonance circuit is formed on a secondary side of the transformer; a decoupling inductance connected downstream of the synchronous rectifier on a secondary side of the transformer, which is not part of the resonant circuit; and an output capacitance connected in series with the decoupling inductance, via which an output voltage is provided.
  • a DC/DC converter circuit that enables switching frequencies up to the MHz range, so that the circuit can also be combined for phase-modulated communication in addition to simply providing an output voltage for power supply on the secondary side of the transformer. Furthermore, the DC/DC converter circuit according to the invention has lower output voltage fluctuations between no-load and full load and a significantly better efficiency than the circuits known from the prior art, despite increased switching frequencies.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the DC/DC converter circuit according to the invention provides that the part of the resonant circuit formed on the secondary side of the transformer is connected to the synchronous rectifier on the DC side.
  • the synchronous rectifier comprises four controlled field effect transistors and the field effect transistors are connected directly to the secondary winding of the transformer via control lines, so that a transformer output voltage controls the field effect transistors and/or that the synchronous rectifier in a positive half consists of P-channel MOSFETs and formed in a negative half of N-channel MOSFETs.
  • An alternative embodiment of the DC/DC converter circuit according to the invention provides that the part of the resonant circuit formed on the secondary side of the transformer is connected to the synchronous rectifier on the AC side.
  • the configuration can provide that the synchronous rectifier comprises two controlled field effect transistors, and the field effect transistors are connected directly to the secondary winding of the transformer via control lines, so that a transformer output voltage drives the field effect transistors and/or that the output voltage is between the decoupling inductance and a center tap of the secondary winding of the transformer is tapped.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the DC/DC converter circuit according to the invention provides that the DC/DC converter circuit according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein the field effect transistors are connected to the secondary winding of the transformer in such a way that a drain connection is connected to a winding start and a gate connection is connected to the Field effect transistors are connected to a winding end of the secondary winding or that a drain connection is connected to a winding end and a gate connection is connected to a winding start of the secondary winding.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the DC/DC converter circuit according to the invention provides that a winding ratio of the transformer of the DC/
  • DC converter circuit is selected so that the secondary-side transformer output voltage is less than 20 V.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the DC/DC converter circuit according to the invention provides that there is an input capacitance for DC suppression on the primary side of the transformer, with the DC/DC converter circuit being designed in such a way that the input capacitance is not part of the resonant circuit.
  • the invention further relates to a method for operating a DC/DC converter circuit in accordance with one of the configurations described above, wherein, for operating the DC/DC converter circuit, a Reference clock is applied with a fixed frequency that is not changed during operation.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the frequency is greater than 100 kHz, particularly preferably approximately 450 kHz.
  • the invention further relates to a communication system for bidirectional galvanically isolated communication, comprising: a DC/DC converter circuit according to an embodiment described above, the DC/DC converter circuit having a first galvanic isolation due to the transformer and providing the output voltage for the energy supply on the secondary side of the transformer; a transmission transmission channel with a modulator unit which is connected in a data-conducting manner to a demodulation unit via a second electrical isolation; a reception transmission channel with a demodulator unit, which is connected to a modulator unit via a third galvanic isolation; wherein the DC/DC converter circuit also provides a reference clock required for modulation or demodulation on the primary side and secondary side for the modulation units or demodulation units.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the communication system according to the invention provides that the reference clock is implemented on the primary side by a tap at the output of the push-pull driver of the DC/DC converter circuit and the reference clock is implemented on the secondary side by a tap at the output of the transformer of the DC/DC converter circuit .
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the communication system according to the invention provides that a phase shift unit for shifting the phase of the reference clock by 90° is introduced on the secondary side.
  • the invention also relates to a field device for automation technology for use in a potentially explosive area, in particular an Ex-ia and/or Ex-d area, having main electronics and sensor electronics galvanically isolated therefrom, the main electronics being connected to the sensor electronics via a communication system according to a previously described configuration is connected data-conducting.
  • Fig. 4 typical voltage forms and curves of the voltages at the synchronous rectifier
  • Fig. 5 the typical voltage curve or forms of the transformer input or output voltage
  • Fig. 6 a circuit simulation to illustrate the difference between the AC and DC side arrangement of the resonant capacitance C r o,
  • FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of a field device used in automation technology, which is designed with the aid of a communication system according to the invention for use in a potentially explosive area, in particular an Ex-ia and/or Ex-d area.
  • FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of a circuit arrangement according to the invention.
  • the circuit arrangement comprises a push-pull driver with an inverting driver (indicated by a dot at the output in FIG. 2) and a non-inverting driver, which are connected in parallel and at whose input a reference clock ref_clk is or can be applied.
  • the circuit arrangement includes a transformer whose primary winding is connected to the respective outputs of the driver stages.
  • the circuit arrangement can also have a capacitor CD C for DC suppression, which is connected between the primary winding and an output of the non-inverting operational amplifier. Leakage inductance caused by operation of the transformer is also accounted for by Lo on the primary side of the transformer and is shown in FIG.
  • a synchronous rectifier is connected to the secondary side of the transformer. As shown in FIG. 2, the synchronous rectifier can be constructed using four MOSFETs being. In the positive half there are P-channel, in the negative half N-channel MOSFETs.
  • the gates of the MOSFETs are connected directly to the secondary side of the transformer, so the transformer output voltage drives the MOSFETs.
  • the MOSFETs are preferably driven via crossed control lines.
  • the MOSFETS 41-44 are connected to the secondary winding 32 of the transformer 30 in such a way that a drain connection is connected to a winding start and a gate connection of the MOSFETS 41-44 is connected to a winding end of the secondary winding 32 or that a drain connection is connected to a winding end and in each case a gate connection is connected to a winding start of the secondary winding 32 .
  • an output capacitor Cout is connected in parallel to the output of the synchronous rectifier.
  • the output capacitor Cout is decoupled from the synchronous rectifier with an inductance which has a value greater than 200 microhenrys (pH).
  • the inductance and the output capacitor Cout form a filter at the output of the synchronous rectifier.
  • This decoupling is necessary because the voltage at the rectifier output U br pulsates through the resonant circuit.
  • 4 shows examples of typical voltage forms or curves of the voltages at the synchronous rectifier input Ui_eg and at the synchronous rectifier output Ubr. The pulsing of the output voltage U br can be seen clearly in the upper half of the diagram.
  • an additional inductor L1 is arranged on the primary side, which is connected ransformer in series with the T and which forms a resonance inductor L r, together with the leakage inductance Lc.
  • the resonant inductance L r forms a resonant circuit together with a resonant capacitance C r o arranged on the secondary side, which acts in parallel with a load.
  • the resonant capacitance CrO also has an inductance LrO acting parasitically in series with the resonant capacitance CrO, which is also shown in FIG. It should be mentioned here that the capacitor arranged on the primary side for DC suppression CDC is not part of the resonant circuit.
  • the resonant circuit can be dimensioned, for example, via corresponding simulations or experimentally.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of the result of such a circuit simulation. From Fig. 5 it can be seen how, due to the resonance circuit Lr / CrO, the square-wave voltage excitation at the transformer input UCDC results in a sinusoidal output voltage Ui_eg on the secondary side of the transformer.
  • the resonant frequency of LrO / CrO « Lr/CrO affects the commutation behavior, typically LrO is parasitic and can or should be minimized.
  • a ratio of (LrO/CrO)/(Lr/CrO) ⁇ 10 has proven to be particularly favorable for the design of the circuit.
  • the resonance capacitance C r o can be arranged before or after the synchronous rectifier, ie on the AC or DC side of the synchronous rectifier.
  • the resonance capacitance C r o is arranged on the DC side of the synchronous rectifier.
  • the arrangement on the DC side has lower commutation losses, as will be described below.
  • Another advantage of this configuration is the simpler implementation of the transformer.
  • FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of a DC/DC converter circuit according to the invention.
  • the DC/DC converter circuit is largely the same as the DC/DC converter circuit shown in FIG. The difference, however, is that the synchronous rectifier is not designed as a four-way rectifier but as a full-wave rectifier with a center tap on the secondary winding of the transformer for the voltage supply.
  • the two DC/DC converter circuits differ in the arrangement of the resonant capacitance C r o with the associated parasitic inductance LrO. According to the second embodiment according to the invention, this is arranged between the transformer output side and a synchronous rectifier input side, ie on the AC side of the synchronous rectifier.
  • the two gates of the MOSFETs are in turn connected to the secondary winding of the transformer for control via crossed control lines.
  • Such a crossed control of the gates of the MOSFETs is appropriate, according to the first as well as the second embodiment, in particular when the DC/DC converter circuit is designed in such a way that an output voltage of the transformer is less than approximately 20 V. This can be implemented, for example, via an appropriate winding ratio of the transformer.
  • Fig. 6 shows a circuit simulation to illustrate the difference between the AC and DC side arrangement of the resonant capacitance C r o (with the associated parasitic inductance LrO) once after the synchronous rectifier, ie on the DC side (left diagram) and one before the synchronous rectifier, ie on the AC side (diagram on the right).
  • the applied voltages Um and UT r 2 represent while the voltages on the secondary side of the transistor once a winding start order and once in the Wcklungsende UT r 2.
  • a current impressed by the resonant circuit in the transformer causes a non-sinusoidal rapid rise in the transformer output voltage during commutation. This leads to faster switching on and off of the MOSFETs at the zero crossing of the transformer secondary voltage. This effect is shown on the left diagram in FIG. 6 and is identified by two circles.
  • the DC/DC converter circuit according to the invention offers the following advantages over the DC/DC converter circuit known from the prior art and shown in FIG. 1:
  • a switching frequency up to the MHz range is possible.
  • the two configurations of a DC/DC converter circuit according to the invention can be integrated into a robust, galvanically isolated, bidirectional communication system.
  • the switching frequency also serves as a reference signal for a modulation or a demodulation (+- 90° phase modulation).
  • the communication system includes two communication channels via which data can be sent and received, as well as a DC/DC converter circuit.
  • the DC/DC converter circuit 1 can be embodied either according to the first or second embodiment of the invention.
  • the output voltage Uout is provided on the secondary side via the DC/DC converter circuit 1 .
  • the two communication channels, one of which is in the form of a transmission transmission channel Tx_data and one is in the form of a transmission transmission channel Rx_data, are each designed in such a way that they have galvanic isolation. According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, this is implemented by a transformer in each case.
  • the invention is not limited to a transformer as a galvanic isolation.
  • the galvanic isolation can also be implemented optically or capacitively just as well.
  • the two data transmission channels each have a modulator unit and a demodulator unit, which are separated from one another by the electrical isolation.
  • a reference clock required for data communication is provided by the DC/DC converter circuit:
  • the communication system is designed in such a way that the reference clock is tapped on the primary side after the push-pull driver and sent to the modulator unit of the transmission transmission channel or to the Demodulator unit of the reception transmission channel is performed.
  • the reference clock is realized by a tap at the output of the transformer 30 and is routed to the demodulator unit of the transmission transmission channel and to the modulator unit of the transmission transmission channel.
  • a phase shift unit 90 for shifting the phase of the reference clock by 90° can preferably also be provided on the secondary side, which is arranged between the tap on the secondary side of the transformer and the demodulator unit or the modulator unit, so that the primary side is modulated with the reference clock and the secondary side with a 90 ° phase-shifted reference clock is demodulated.
  • the phase shift unit 90 for shifting the phase can also be arranged on the primary side, so that the primary side is modulated with the reference clock phase-shifted by 90° and the secondary side is demodulated with the reference clock.
  • FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of such a field device F1 of automation technology and a receiving unit EE, for example a programmable logic controller (PLC) in more detail. Communication between the receiving unit and the field device takes place via a 2-wire current loop LS. A measured value recorded by the field device F1 can be transmitted via this to the receiving unit EE as a 4-20 mA current signal IS.
  • PLC programmable logic controller
  • the field device F1 consists essentially of main electronics HE, a communication system 1 and a load circuit VS, for example sensor electronics of a sensor module for detecting a physical process variable.
  • the communication system 1 is designed as described above and ensures the galvanic isolation between the primary circuit and the consumer circuit on the secondary side. Furthermore, the communication system 1 provides the supply voltage for the consumer circuit VS and the reference clock, so that communication between the main electronics unit HE and the consumer circuit VS can take place via the communication system. In this case, measurement data, in particular, which represent the detected physical quantity, are transmitted from the sensor electronics in a galvanically isolated manner to the main electronics and from the main electronics, in particular, parameters to the sensor electronics VS via the communication system.
  • the field device can be used in a potentially explosive area, in particular an Ex-ia and/or Ex-d area, as a result of the galvanic isolation implemented by means of the communication system.
  • EE receiving unit e.g. PLC
  • VS consumer circuit e.g. sensor or actuator module

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un circuit convertisseur CC/CC pour communication à modulation de phase, comprenant : un circuit d'attaque push-pull (2) auquel une horloge de référence (ref_clk) ayant une fréquence prédéfinie fixe peut être appliquée sur le côté entrée ; un transformateur (3) ayant une bobine primaire et une bobine secondaire (31, 32), le circuit d'attaque push-pull (2) étant connecté à la bobine primaire (31) sur le côté sortie ; un redresseur synchrone (4) qui est uniquement connecté à la bobine secondaire sur le côté CA ; un circuit résonant (Cr0, Lr) ayant au moins une capacité (Cr0) et une inductance (Lr), le circuit résonant (Cr0, Lr) étant conçu d'une manière telle qu'au moins une partie du circuit résonant (Lr) est formée sur un côté primaire (33) du transformateur (30) et une autre partie (Cro) du circuit résonant est formée sur un côté secondaire (34) du transformateur (30) ; une bobine d'induction de découplage (L0) connectée sur un côté secondaire (33) du transformateur (30) et en aval du redresseur synchrone (40), qui ne fait pas partie du circuit résonant ; et un condensateur de sortie (Cout) connecté en série à la bobine d'induction de découplage (L0), par l'intermédiaire de laquelle une tension de sortie (Uout) est fournie.
EP21736267.2A 2020-07-09 2021-06-21 Convertisseur push-pull résonant auto-oscillant avec redresseur synchrone pour communication bidirectionnelle à modulation de phase Pending EP4179615A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020118176.0A DE102020118176A1 (de) 2020-07-09 2020-07-09 DC / DC Wandlerschaltung zur phasenmodulierten, insbesondere bidirektionalen Kommunikation
PCT/EP2021/066735 WO2022008211A1 (fr) 2020-07-09 2021-06-21 Convertisseur push-pull résonant auto-oscillant avec redresseur synchrone pour communication bidirectionnelle à modulation de phase

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4179615A1 true EP4179615A1 (fr) 2023-05-17

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21736267.2A Pending EP4179615A1 (fr) 2020-07-09 2021-06-21 Convertisseur push-pull résonant auto-oscillant avec redresseur synchrone pour communication bidirectionnelle à modulation de phase

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Country Link
US (1) US20230253890A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4179615A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN115769481A (fr)
DE (1) DE102020118176A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022008211A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4822588B2 (ja) * 2001-02-08 2011-11-24 富士通セミコンダクター株式会社 情報処理装置および情報処理デバイス
US20050156656A1 (en) * 2004-01-15 2005-07-21 Rotzoll Robert R. Non-quasistatic rectifier circuit
JP5088386B2 (ja) * 2010-01-29 2012-12-05 株式会社村田製作所 スイッチング電源装置
CN101800476A (zh) * 2010-04-01 2010-08-11 华为技术有限公司 电压变换装置、方法及供电系统
US9515562B2 (en) * 2013-03-05 2016-12-06 Futurewei Technologies, Inc. LLC resonant converters
JP6172277B2 (ja) * 2013-07-11 2017-08-02 富士電機株式会社 双方向ｄｃ／ｄｃコンバータ
EP2903146B1 (fr) * 2014-02-03 2019-03-20 STMicroelectronics Srl Convertisseur résonant monophasé ou polyphasé avec commande de rétroaction
ITUB20154179A1 (it) * 2015-10-01 2017-04-01 St Microelectronics Srl Procedimento per il pilotaggio di un convertitore risonante, relativo convertitore e prodotto informatico
EP3468017A1 (fr) 2017-10-06 2019-04-10 PR Electronics A/S Commande adaptative de redresseur synchrone

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US20230253890A1 (en) 2023-08-10
WO2022008211A1 (fr) 2022-01-13
CN115769481A (zh) 2023-03-07
DE102020118176A1 (de) 2022-01-13

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