EP4172417B1 - Modulare schwimmende lärmdämmvorrichtung für offshore-pfahlrammen - Google Patents

Modulare schwimmende lärmdämmvorrichtung für offshore-pfahlrammen

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Publication number
EP4172417B1
EP4172417B1 EP21735970.2A EP21735970A EP4172417B1 EP 4172417 B1 EP4172417 B1 EP 4172417B1 EP 21735970 A EP21735970 A EP 21735970A EP 4172417 B1 EP4172417 B1 EP 4172417B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
noise
insulating
modules
module
bottom module
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP21735970.2A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4172417A2 (de
Inventor
Jörg Jüngerhans
Tristan Lippert
Javier Segui Moreno
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aqustix GbR
Original Assignee
Aqustix GbR
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aqustix GbR filed Critical Aqustix GbR
Publication of EP4172417A2 publication Critical patent/EP4172417A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4172417B1 publication Critical patent/EP4172417B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D13/00—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
    • E02D13/005—Sound absorbing accessories in piling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D13/00—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/02—Placing by driving

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a modular noise-insulating device for offshore pile driving, comprising a holding device and tubular noise-insulating modules movably nested in a telescopic arrangement in a storage position and constructed to move telescopically relative to each other from the holding device, a use of said modular noise-insulating device and a method for installing a modular noise-insulating device.
  • WO2016/028151 A1 discloses a method of installing foundation elements, in particular (mono)piles having a diameter of five meters or more, in an underwater ground formation comprising the steps of lowering a leader from a surface vessel with at least the tip of the leader into the water, and lowering a foundation element and/or a noise mitigation screen along the leader.
  • Noise mitigation is needed to protect the marine environment and marine life from injury and severe disturbance.
  • Technical measures are thus indispensable in the construction of wind farms, drilling platforms and the like in order to minimize the spread of noise, in particular impulse noise. Therefore, legislation is in place to regulate the occurrence of noise, in particular impulse noise.
  • noise mitigation and noise insulation devices are known in the state of the art, such as a bubble curtain, a cofferdam or resonators close to the pile.
  • a bubble curtain for example, is a system of perforated hoses or pipes arranged in a circle on the ground surface of a water body around the pile.
  • resonators close to the pile can comprise air-filled balloons or foam elements attached to a net surrounding the pile, the quantity and the size of the balloons or elements being selected according to the sound frequency to be damped.
  • the air rising from holes creates a curtain of rising bubbles in the water that reflects or dampens the noise.
  • a cofferdam for example, is a structure such as a steel cylinder placed surrounding the pile during pile driving.
  • the space between the pile and the structure can be pumped dry or a space between an inner wall and an outer wall of the structure can be filled with air. The resulting air gap damps the noise generated during pile driving.
  • elongated pipes for surrounding a noise source for noise insulation are known.
  • WO 2011/046430 relates to a device for reducing the noise vibrations in a liquid, comprising a noise-insulating pipe with a number of telescopically extendable and retractable pipe sections, fastening means for attaching at least one first and one second pipe section to one another in extended and/or retracted position, wherein the fastening means are designed to keep the first and second pipe sections substantially acoustically disconnected in the fastening position.
  • the fastening means ensure a rigid interconnection of the pipe sections.
  • a drawback of said device is that arranging the pipe around the sound source and fixing the pipe sections to each other is quite time-consuming. This device also requires a high maintenance effort, in particular with regard to the fastening means and the high loads experience by the element joints, limits its practical application in the presence of currents.
  • a modular noise-insulating device for offshore pile driving comprising a holding device and tubular noise-insulating modules movably nested in a telescopic arrangement in a storage position and constructed to move telescopically relative to each other from the holding device,
  • a noise-insulating device as described herein comprises telescopically extendable and retractable noise-insulating modules. Due to the total buoyancy forces and the total gravitational forces acting against each other, the noise-insulating modules remain stable in the operating position and the noise-insulating modules can unfold automatically by lowering the bottom module by the total gravitational force.
  • the buoyant forces of the noise-insulating modules arranged above the bottom module can preferably retain the structure against a material weight of interconnected noise-insulating modules in the operating position.
  • At least two noise-insulating modules or all noise-insulating modules may be made from a homogenous body.
  • a substantially homogenous noise-insulating module is to be understood in particular in the way that a material block forming a noise-insulating module is substantially homogeneous. Therefore, the material block has an average density to provide the desired ratio of the buoyant and gravitational forces.
  • the homogenous material block is constructed to insulate noises.
  • noise-insulating module may be substantially inhomogeneous in that such noise-insulating module comprises a noise-insulating portion and a ballast portion separate but connected to each other.
  • the noise-insulating module comprise the noise-insulating portion providing the buoyancy force and the ballast portion providing the gravitational force acting against the buoyancy force.
  • a material of the noise-insulating portion for insulating noises has a weight that can provide a gravitational force acting on the noise-insulating portion, which is less than the buoyancy force provided by and acting on the noise-insulating portion, such that the noise-insulating module has an overall buoyance.
  • the buoyant force may be up to twice as high as the gravitational force.
  • the bottom module is constructed that the ratio of the total buoyant force versus the total gravitational force of all modules is below 1.
  • the total ratio of the total buoyant force versus the total gravitational force of all modules is below 1. This ensures the modules being positioned in an extended configuration along a pile with low forces acting on any elements interconnecting the modules. In case that the top noise-insulating module is immersed into the liquid in the operating position, the total ratio will be below 1. In certain configurations, the top noise-insulating module may not be fully immersed into the liquid in the operating position.
  • the arrangement of the noise-insulating modules "next to each other" can preferably refer to the operating position. It can be understood that in the storage position said noise-insulating modules are arranged in particular within each other.
  • the holding device can be understood in particular as a mounting unit, which can be arranged at a frame, a vessel, a platform or the like to position the noise-insulating device at an installation position.
  • the holding device can be constructed to prevent telescopically movement of the noise-insulating modules relative to each other in the storage position and to allow telescopically movement of the noise-insulating modules relative to each other for unfolding the noise-insulating modules from the storage position to the operating position.
  • a lower limit for the total buoyant force provided by the noise-insulating module arranged above the bottom module in the surrounding liquid in the operating position can be defined by a ratio of 1 or 1.1 or 1.15 or 1.2 or 1.3 or 1.4, or 1.5 or 1.6 or 1.8 or 2.0 or 2.5.
  • an upper limit for the total buoyant force provided by the noise-insulating module arranged above the bottom module in the surrounding liquid in the operating position can be defined by a ratio of 1.2 or 1.3 or 1.4, or 1.5 or 1.6 or 1.8 or 2.0 or 2.5 or 3.0 or 3.5 or 4.0 or 4.5 or 5.
  • the ratio of the buoyant force versus the gravitational force of the noise-insulating modules may be different between the single noise-insulating modules or all noise-insulating modules may have an identical ratio.
  • the neutral or slightly positive buoyancy of some or each of the noise-insulating modules arranged above the bottom module in the surrounding liquid in the operating position enables the bottom module to be designed more lightweight to enable automatic unfolding.
  • connection means for connecting the noise-insulating modules arranged next to each other can be designed in such a way that they do not prevent neutral or slightly positive buoyancy of the noise-insulating modules in the surrounding liquid in the operating position.
  • the gravitational forces and the buoyant forces as described herein refer to gravitational forces and buoyant forces in the liquid, such as water, preferably of a sea, a river or a lake.
  • the gravitational force is determined by the weight of the module.
  • the buoyant force can be determined by the volume of water displaced by the module multiplied by the density of said water.
  • Fresh water can have a density of 1.000 kg/m 3 whereas the density of seawater can be between 1.020 kg/m 3 and 1.035 kg/m 3 on average.
  • the noise-insulating modules When the noise-insulating modules are immersed in seawater, they have about 2 % to 3,5 % more buoyancy in seawater than in fresh water, because the displaced volume of seawater is between 2 % and 3,5 % heavier.
  • the surrounding liquid herein is to be understood in particular as a liquid in which the noise-insulating device is used, preferably as seawater and/or fresh water.
  • the surrounding liquid in the operation position is to be understood as the liquid at an approximate depth in which the noise-insulating module can be retained in the operating position.
  • some or all factors that influence the buoyancy can be considered to construct the noise-insulating modules, such as salinity, a temperature, a density and a depth of each noise-insulating module.
  • a noise-insulating device can be provided that can be used in different liquids.
  • the density of the liquid can refer to an average density of the liquid.
  • each noise-insulating module arranged above the bottom module in the operating position can have a lower average density than a surrounding liquid in the operating position to generate a positive or neutral buoyancy in the operating position.
  • the bottom module can have a higher average density than a surrounding liquid in the operating position and provides a gravitational force to pull down the bottom module from a water level for unfolding the noise-insulating modules from the storage position to the operating position and to retain the bottom module in the operating position against a buoyant force acting on the bottom module.
  • the average density of the bottom module can be at least, in particular close above, 1.035 kg/m 3 and/or the average density of the noise-insulating modules arranged above the bottom module can be less than, in particular close below, 1.000 kg/m 3 , preferably less than 1.035 kg/m 3 .
  • gravitational force provided by and acting on the bottom module has a higher or an equal magnitude than the buoyant force acting on the bottom module, in particular the sum of buoyant forces provided by the interconnected noise-insulating modules arranged above the bottom module, so that the bottom module is retained in the operating position by said gravitational force.
  • the bottom module comprises an additional ballast weight to provide a gravitational force to pull down the bottom module from the water level under the effect of gravitational force.
  • said ballast weight can be attached at a lower end of the bottom module.
  • the noise-insulating modules arranged above the bottom module can preferably be adjusted by design with respect to self-buoyancy.
  • the ballast weight of said noise-insulating modules can be adjusted with respect to self-buoyancy.
  • a ballast weight can be additionally attached if it is needed for buoyancy control.
  • said noise-insulating modules can be adjusted to be slightly self-buoyant to unfold to the operating position automatically.
  • the noise-insulating modules can comprise at least two noise-insulating modules.
  • a total height can be reduced by partially moving the noise-insulating modules into each other.
  • the telescopic arrangement of separate modules generates a modular noise-insulating device with a variable height adjustment.
  • the system can surround piles of any length and diameter and thus adjust to project specific water depth requirements.
  • the noise-insulating device In the storage position, the noise-insulating device can be set into the water body as a compact package by means of a relative small crane, positioned, lowered and unfolded in the final desired tubular position of use. Therefore, the costs and effort for transporting the noise-insulating device, lowering it into the water and arranging it around the sound source can be reduced.
  • the noise-insulating modules are ring-shaped with e.g. a circular shape or a polygon shape. In a preferred embodiment rotational is provided by said shape.
  • the tubular noise-insulating modules are designed in particular as pipe sections with an outer diameter and an inner diameter, a height and a wall thickness. The inner diameter is preferably designed for passing through of a pile element to be driven into the ground surface.
  • the diameter of the substantially tapered structure can decrease in an upwards direction starting from the bottom module. Therefore, upper noise-insulating modules can be smaller than lower noise-insulating modules. Thus, the upper noise-insulating modules can have a lower weight than the lower noise-insulating modules.
  • the lower noise-insulating modules can have a bigger weight than the upper noise-insulating module, which are arranged above the lower noise-insulating modules in the operating position. It is particularly preferred that a ballast weight of a ballast portion of the lower noise-insulating module can be bigger than a ballast weight of a ballast portion of the upper noise-insulating module.
  • the noise-insulating modules can be constructed to enable easy and efficient unfolding of the noise-insulating modules into the operating position. Due to the bigger weight of the lower noise-insulating modules, which are to be placed at deeper depths in the operating position, they can be stabilized in the operating position.
  • the noise-insulating modules can be interconnected by its geometry.
  • each noise-insulating module can be tapered at a lower end.
  • the noise-insulating modules can be fitted into each other.
  • an outer circumference of at least one noise-insulating module arranged above another noise-insulating module in the operating position is shaped with a taper at an end adjacent to the other noise-insulating module.
  • the tapered shape allows for smooth folding of the noise-insulating modules whilst the bottom module is lifted upwards and/or for smooth unfolding of the noise-insulating modules whilst the bottom module is lowered down.
  • the information can refer to the operating position.
  • information such as horizontal, vertical, lower, upper, etc. can refer to the operating position.
  • the ballast portion extends from a lower end to the noise-insulating portion, wherein the noise-insulating portion extends from the ballast portion to an upper end, which is arranged above the lower end in the operating position.
  • the ballast portion can be a ballast ring attached at the lower end of the noise-insulating portion.
  • the ballast portion can stabilize the noise-insulating modules in the operating position and has a positive affect to the buoyancy control.
  • the ballast portion can be attached at any other position, such as at an upper end of the noise-insulating portion or in the middle of the noise-insulating portion.
  • the gravitational force provided by and acting on the bottom module is higher than the sum of the buoyant forces in the surrounding liquid, preferably seawater, of all noise-insulating modules arranged above the bottom module minus the sum of the gravitational forces of all noise-insulating modules arranged above the bottom module.
  • the buoyant forces and the gravitational forces described herein can refer to the forces provided by and acting on the noise-insulating modules in the operating position. Therefore, all influencing factors, in particular a salinity, a temperature, a density and a depth of each noise-insulating module can be considered. The embodiment described herein, ensures that the bottom module is retained firmly in the operating position.
  • the noise-insulating device can be installed equivalently in fresh water.
  • the gravitational force provided by and acting on the bottom module can be higher or equal than the sum of the buoyant forces in fresh water of all noise-insulating modules arranged above the bottom module minus the sum of the gravitational forces of all noise-insulating modules arranged above the bottom module.
  • the noise-insulating modules in particular, the noise-insulating portions of each noise-insulating module, comprise a support structure and a noise-insulating element attached to the support structure.
  • the noise-insulating element comprises polyethylene terephthalate and/or plastic and/or steel and/or concrete and/or aluminum and/or foam glass. In this way, it can be ensured that the modules insulate noise and prevent spreading of the noise. In addition, the modules can be manufactured very easily and cost-effectively.
  • the noise-insulating modules in particular the noise-insulating portions of each noise-insulating module comprise a chamber filled with a noise-insulating medium.
  • the noise-insulating medium is a gaseous substance, in particular air, and/or a noise-insulating material, preferably a foam, in particular polyurethane foam, or glass wool or foam glass.
  • a pressure of the gaseous substance can be lower as 0.5 bar or there can be a vacuum or an overpressure in the chamber.
  • the noise-insulating modules in particular the noise-insulating portions of each noise-insulating module, can preferably comprise an outer wall, an inner wall and an intermediate space between the outer wall und the inner wall creating the chamber.
  • noise-insulating modules in particular noise-insulating portion, with a chamber
  • the weight and thus the density can be reduced. This ensures that the noise-insulating modules has a lower density than the surrounding liquid in the operating position.
  • the noise-insulating modules arranged next to each other are constructed to have an overlap in the direction of the vertical axis in the operating position, wherein a first noise-insulating module of the noise-insulating modules is arranged next to a second noise-insulating module and overlaps this second noise-insulating module, wherein said first noise insulation module has an inner diameter which is larger than an outer diameter of said second noise-insulating module to form a circumferential gap between said first and said second noise-insulating module in a region of the overlap, said gap having a gap width in a radial direction with respect to the vertical axis, preferably wherein an extension of the vertical overlap in the direction of the vertical axis is larger than said gap width, preferably the extension of the vertical overlap is at least twice as large or at least three times as large than the gap width.
  • the overlap of the noise-insulating modules can be sufficiently large, relative to the maximum gap between these noise-insulating modules, such that the noise escaping through the gaps will be deflected upwards with a sufficiently steep angle. Thereby, the sound can be reflected multiple times between the air-water interface and the ground surface of the water body very close to the pile. Therefore, the noise insulation can be comparable to a closed system at a couple of water depths distance, while sophisticated and error-prone seals between the noise-insulating modules are not needed.
  • the overlapping section can be at least 10% of the total height of the noise-insulating modules.
  • the individual noise-insulating modules can preferably have a vertical overlap of about 0.50 m, preferably at least 0.30 m, 0.40 m or 0.50 m. This creates a screen that surrounds the pile and acts as a noise barrier around the pile.
  • the overlap of the single modules should be at least three times a maximum horizontal gap between the noise-insulating modules, to allow for sufficient upward noise deflection.
  • This construction can prevent canting due to drifting of the modules caused by currents when the modules are pulled down from the water level for unfolding the noise-insulating modules from the storage position to the operating position by gravitational force. Furthermore, no guiding means between adjacent noise-insulating modules for guiding the noise-insulating modules during displacement with respect to one another are required. The gap between adjacent modules resulting from this construction is not significant with regard to the effectiveness of noise insulation, as it merely allows noise to be emitted upwards at an acute and steep angle.
  • the noise-insulating device preferably does not have to be watertight against water flowing through it.
  • the height of the overlap can reduce or preferably avoid noise spreading. Residual flows are possible in the gap so that drifting of the noise-insulating modules can be avoided. With the device according to the invention, an effective sound insulation can therefore be achieved with a reduced effort.
  • the gap between the adjacent noise-insulating modules can disconnect said adjacent noise-insulating modules acoustically in the operating position.
  • the bottom module comprises a plate at a lower end for positioning on or hovering above the ground surface of the water body, wherein the plate comprises a central opening for passing through of a pile element to be rammed into the ground surface, preferably wherein a lower edge of at least one, preferably all noise-insulating modules arranged above the bottom module in the operating position is configured to be supported by the plate in the storage position and/or while telescoping the noise-insulating modules to the storage position.
  • the main noise source is the pile or its bulge caused by the hammer.
  • noise also penetrates into the ground.
  • the noise can be reduced or prevented from penetrating the ground.
  • the central opening preferably has dimensions that ensure that the pile can be driven into the ground without damaging the bottom module.
  • a diameter of the central opening may be larger than a diameter, preferably up to or at least one and a half times or twice or three times the diameter of the pile.
  • the central opening can have a diameter that is smaller than an inner diameter of an uppermost noise-insulating module.
  • the bottom module with the plate at the lower end can serve as a depot for upper noise-insulating modules.
  • the plate can serve as the basis of the noise-insulating device that can be lowered down to the ground surface and the geometry of the plate can reduce the self-weight penetration into the ground of the water body due to the increased bearing area.
  • the bottom module can serve as a support for the upper noise-insulating modules during a transport or a storage of the noise-insulating device.
  • the plate comprises a ballast weight to provide the gravitational force to pull down the bottom module from the water level under the effect of gravitational force.
  • This embodiment provides a particularly straightforward retrieval and lowering system. In this way, there is no need for an additional retrieval system, thus enabling further weight reductions.
  • connection means in particular by flexible connection means like straps, chains or ropes.
  • connection means can be arranged at an outer circumference of the noise-insulating modules.
  • the noise-insulating modules are therefore particularly easy and securely connected to each other. Due to the flexible connections, the modules can slightly drift against each other caused by currents without being damaged.
  • the connection means can be designed in such a way that they do not prevent neutral or positive buoyancy of the noise-insulating modules in the operating position.
  • the noise-insulating modules are free from guiding means for guiding the noise-insulating modules during displacement with respect to one another. This enables a particularly simple design of the noise-insulating modules.
  • the bottom module is connected to the holding device, wherein the noise-insulating modules are constructed to extend telescopically to the operating position upon lowering the bottom module and to telescope to the storage position upon retrieving the bottom module.
  • the telescopic arrangement can be unfolded to the operating position by lowering the bottom module and folded by retrieving the bottom module.
  • the holding device comprises winches, in particular synchronized winches, with lifting means, in particular flexible lifting means like straps, chains or ropes, connected to the bottom module and configured to lower and to retrieve the bottom module.
  • Winches can be attached particularly easily to existing systems, such as frames, vessels or platforms. This means that existing systems can be easily re-equipped.
  • the modules can be easily lowered and retrieved by means of the winches.
  • the lifting means are arranged at an outer circumference of the bottom module.
  • the risk of damaging the lifting means can be mitigated.
  • the holding device is constructed and/or arranged to compensate the excess gravitational force of the noise-insulating modules for retaining the holding device at or above a water level.
  • the holding device can preferably be or comprise a floating body.
  • the holding device comprises a gripper frame and/or a vessel and/or a pile gripper and/or a platform for a pile driver, preferably wherein the gripper frame and/or the vessel and/or the platform for a pile driver is equipped with the winches.
  • the holding device can comprise other floating units to be equipped with the winches. In this way, the noise-insulating modules can be deployed from the gripper frame and/or a vessel and/or a pile gripper and/or a platform for a pile driver by means of the winches.
  • the holding device can be a frame equipped with the winches and can be designed to be suspended below a deck level or the vessel.
  • the gripper frame is designed as a stand-alone frame tailored for individual vessel requirement to be attached to the specific vessel or to a gripper frame and integrated into said gripper frame.
  • each noise-insulating module comprises at least two segments forming partial shells constructed to form a part of a circumference of said noise-insulating module for creating its tubular form, wherein the at least two segments are constructed to be pivoted relative to each other for opening and closing said noise-insulating module, preferably wherein the segments are interconnected by a hinge.
  • this opening mechanism allows the noise-insulating device to be opened, if it is needed or desired.
  • each noise-insulating module comprises at least three segments forming partial shells constructed to form a part of a circumference of said noise-insulating module for creating its tubular form, wherein the at least three segments are constructed to be pivoted relative to each other for opening and closing said noise-insulating module, preferably wherein the segments are interconnected by a hinge.
  • the noise-insulating modules comprise protection spacers and/or guides attached to an inner circumference of some, preferably each of the noise-insulating modules for maintaining a distance between the noise-insulating modules and a pile inserted through said noise-insulating modules while piling.
  • the protection spacers and/or guides can be constructed as rollers or gliders, in particular PE-gliders.
  • the noise-insulating device as described herein can be additionally equipped with a bubble curtain and/or additional nozzles at the bottom module.
  • the nozzles can be protected by the protecting spacers to mitigate the risk of damaging the nozzles.
  • a modular noise-insulating device for offshore pile driving comprising a holding device and tubular noise-insulating modules movably nested in a telescopic arrangement in a storage position and constructed to move telescopically relative to each other from the holding device,
  • a modular noise-insulating device for offshore pile driving comprising a holding device and tubular noise-insulating modules movably nested in a telescopic arrangement in a storage position and constructed to move telescopically relative to each other from the holding device,
  • a method for installing a modular noise-insulating device in a water body comprising the steps
  • the noise-insulating device is very easy to install and more flexible with respect to operational requirements.
  • this opening mechanism allows the noise-insulating device to be opened, if it is needed or desired.
  • a modular noise-insulating device as described herein as an underwater noise insulator to insulate noise generated during offshore pile driving, in particular to surround a pile while driving the pile into a ground surface of a water body and to insulate noise generated during offshore pile driving.
  • a method for manufacturing a modular noise-insulating device comprising the steps:
  • a method for installing a modular noise-insulating device in a water body comprising the steps
  • Figures 1-3 depict an example of a modular noise-insulating device 1 in the operating position.
  • the modular noise-insulating device 1 comprises exemplarily three tubular noise-insulating modules 2, 3, 4 with one bottom module 2 and two upper noise-insulating modules 3, 4 arranged above the bottom module 2.
  • the noise-insulating modules 2, 3, 4 arranged next to each other in this operating position are interconnected by flexible connection means 5 arranged at an outer circumference of said noise-insulating modules 2, 3, 4.
  • the noise-insulating modules 2, 3, 4 are interconnected by its geometry to limit the relative movement to each other.
  • the noise-insulating modules 2, 3, 4 form a substantially tapered structure extending along a vertical axis in the operating position and surrounding a pile 10.
  • the diameter of said tapered structure decreases in an upwards direction starting from the bottom module 2 which is positioned on a ground surface 6 of a water body 7.
  • the exemplary shown uppermost noise-insulating module 4 is partially positioned above the water surface by a buoyant force acting on said uppermost noise-insulating module 4.
  • the uppermost module can end at the level of the water surface. Thus, the spreading of noise can be safely prevented.
  • the exemplary shown noise-insulating modules 2, 3, 4 comprise a noise-insulating portion 8 and a ballast portion 9.
  • a noise-insulating device with substantially homogeneous noise-insulating modules.
  • the ballast portion 9 comprises a ballast weight extends from a lower end to the noise-insulating portion 8 and the noise-insulating 8 portion extends from the ballast portion 9 to an upper end, which is arranged above the lower end in the operating position.
  • the ballast portion 9 provides a gravitational force. Therefore, the ballast portion 9 can stabilize the noise-insulating modules 2, 3, 4 in the operating position and has a positive affect to the buoyancy control.
  • the noise-insulating portion 8 comprises an inner wall 81, an outer wall 82 and an intermediate space 83 between the inner wall 81 and the outer wall 82. Said intermediate space 83 forms a chamber filed with a noise-insulating medium. The chamber can be filed with air. This has the advantages that air is an excellent noise insulator and reduces the weight of the noise-insulating portion 8. Further, the noise-insulating portion 8 has a reduced density. Thus, the noise-insulating portion 8 provides a buoyant force, which is bigger than a gravitational force generated by its material weight, in particular of the inner wall 81 and the outer wall 82. In this way, the noise-insulating portion 8 is positive buoyant.
  • a plate 11a, 11b arranged at a lower end of the bottom module 2 forms the ballast portion of the bottom module 2.
  • the plate 11a, 11b has a ballast weight, which is preferably higher than a ballast weight of the ballast portions 9 of the noise-insulating modules 3, 4 arranged above the bottom module 2. Therefore, the bottom module 2, in particular its ballast weight, provides a total gravitational force in the surrounding liquid to pull down the bottom module 2 from the water level and to retain the bottom module in the operating position under the effect of gravitational force.
  • the bottom module 2 is connected to winches 12 via flexible lifting means 13.
  • the lifting means 13 are arranged at an outer circumference of the bottom module 2 to reduce the risk of damaging the lifting means 13.
  • the winches 12, in particular brakes of the winches, can prevent telescopically movement of the noise-insulating modules 2, 3, 4 relative to each other in the storage position and allow telescopically movement of the noise-insulating modules 2, 3, 4 relative to each other for unfolding the noise-insulating modules from the storage position to the operating position, in particular by releasing brakes on the winches 12.
  • the total gravitational force acting on the bottom module 2 pulls down the bottom module 2 from the storage position to the operating position.
  • the noise insulating modules 3, 4 arranged above the bottom module 2 also pull down.
  • the noise-insulating modules 2, 3, 4 can also be retrieved from the operating position to the storage position in which the noise-insulating modules 2, 3, 4 are movably nested in a telescopic arrangement using the winches.
  • the neutral or slightly positive buoyancy of the noise-insulating modules 3, 4 arranged above the bottom module 2 in the operating position retain said noise-insulating modules 3, 4 in the operating position.
  • Figures 2 and 3 show a plate 11b with a central opening for passing through of the pile 10 to be rammed into the ground surface 6.
  • Lower edges of the noise-insulating modules 3, 4 arranged above the bottom module 2 in the operating position are configured to be supported by the plate 11b in the storage position and/or while telescoping the noise-insulating modules to the storage position.
  • the noise-insulating modules arranged next to each other 2 and 3 as well as 3 and 4 has an overlap 20 and a circumferential gap 21 between these noise-insulating modules 2 and 3 as well as 3 and 4 in a region of the overlap 20.
  • the vertical overlap 20 in the direction of a vertical axis is larger than a gap width of the gap 21.
  • the winches 12 are attached to a platform 14 of a pile driver 15. In this way, existing systems can be easily re-equipped.
  • the winches 12 are attached to a frame 16, which is attached to the platform 14 of the pile driver 15.
  • the noise-insulating modules 2, 3, 4 comprise rollers or gliders as protection spacers 18 attached to an inner circumference. Thus, the risk of damaging the noise-insulating modules 2, 3, 4 in case the pile hits the modules can be mitigated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Modulare Schallschutzvorrichtung (1) für Offshore-Pfahl-Rammen, umfassend eine Haltevorrichtung und rohrförmige Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4), die in einer Lagerposition in einer teleskopischen Anordnung eingebettet ist und ausgebildet sind, sich aus der Haltevorrichtung relativ zueinander teleskopartig zu bewegen,
    wobei mindestens eines der Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) mit der Haltevorrichtung verbunden ist und die nebeneinander angeordneten Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) miteinander verbunden sind,
    wobei die Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) ein Bodenmodul (2) umfassen, das auf eine Bodenfläche (6) eines Gewässers (7) abgesenkt werden kann, zum Positionieren auf oder zum Schweben über dieser Bodenfläche (6) in einer Betriebsposition, und eine im Wesentlichen konische Struktur zu bilden, die sich zum Umschließen eines Pfahl in der Betriebsposition entlang einer vertikalen Achse erstreckt,
    wobei mindestens zwei, vorzugsweise jedes der Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4)
    durch einen im Wesentlichen homogenen Körper gebildet sind,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in einer umgebenden Flüssigkeit in der Betriebsposition
    - jedes einzelne über dem Bodenmodul (2) angeordnete Schallschutzmodul ein Verhältnis einer Gesamtauftriebskraft zu einer Gesamtgravitationskraft bereitstellt, bereitgestellt durch besagtes einzelnes Schallschutzmoduls, wobei das besagte Verhältnis in einem ersten Verhältnisbereich zwischen 1 und 5 ist, und
    - das Bodenmodul (2) ein zweites Verhältnis einer Gesamtauftriebskraft des besagten Bodenmoduls zu einer Gesamtgravitationskraft des besagten Bodenmoduls bereitstellt, wobei das besagte zweite Verhältnis unter einem Maximalverhältnis der besagten einzelnen Schallschutzmodule ist,
    so dass das Bodenmodul adaptiert ist, das Bodenmodul (2) zum Entfalten der Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) aus der Lagerposition in die Betriebsposition herunterzuziehen, und das Bodenmodul (2) gegen eine auf das Bodenmodul (2) wirkende Gesamtauftriebskraft der besagten Schallschutzmodule in der Betriebsposition zu halten,
    - wobei das Bodenmodul (2) an einem unteren Ende eine Platte (11a, 11b) zum Positionieren auf oder zum Schweben über der Bodenfläche (6) des Gewässers (7) aufweist, wobei die Platte (11a, 11b) eine zentrale Öffnung zum Durchführen eines in die Bodenfläche (6) zu rammenden Pfahlelements aufweist.
  2. Modulare Schallschutzvorrichtung (1) für Offshore-Pfahl-Rammen, umfassend eine Haltevorrichtung und rohrförmige Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4), die in einer Lagerposition in einer teleskopischen Anordnung eingebettet ist und ausgebildet sind, sich aus der Haltevorrichtung relativ zueinander teleskopartig zu bewegen,
    wobei mindestens eines der Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) mit der Haltevorrichtung verbunden ist und die nebeneinander angeordneten Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) miteinander verbunden sind,
    wobei die Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) ein Bodenmodul (2) umfassen, das auf eine Bodenfläche (6) eines Gewässers (7) abgesenkt werden kann, zum Positionieren auf oder zum Schweben über dieser Bodenfläche (6) in einer Betriebsposition, und eine im Wesentlichen konische Struktur zu bilden, die sich zum Umschließen eines Pfahl in der Betriebsposition entlang einer vertikalen Achse erstreckt,
    wobei mindestens zwei, vorzugsweise jedes der Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4)
    einen Schallschutzabschnitt (8) und einen Ballastabschnitt (9) zur Auftriebskontrolle umfassen,
    wobei der Ballastabschnitt (9) ein Ballastgewicht umfasst und eine Gravitationskraft bereitstellt, und
    wobei der Schallschutzabschnitt (8) ausgebildet ist, eine Auftriebskraft bereitzustellen, welche größer ist als die durch sein Materialgewicht erzeugte Gravitationskraft,
    wobei der Ballastabschnitt (9) ausgebildet ist, eine Auftriebskraft bereitzustellen, welche kleiner ist als die durch sein Materialgewicht erzeugte Gravitationskraft, und
    wobei in einer umgebenden Flüssigkeit in der Betriebsposition
    - jedes einzelne über dem Bodenmodul (2) angeordnete Schallschutzmodul ein Verhältnis einer Gesamtauftriebskraft zu einer Gesamtgravitationskraft bereitstellt, bereitgestellt durch besagtes einzelnes Schallschutzmoduls, wobei das besagte Verhältnis in einem ersten Verhältnisbereich zwischen 1 und 5 ist, und
    - das Bodenmodul (2) ein zweites Verhältnis einer Gesamtauftriebskraft des besagten Bodenmoduls zu einer Gesamtgravitationskraft des besagten Bodenmoduls bereitstellt, wobei das besagte zweite Verhältnis unter einem Maximalverhältnis der besagten einzelnen Schallschutzmodule ist,
    so dass das Bodenmodul adaptiert ist, das Bodenmodul (2) zum Entfalten der Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) aus der Lagerposition in die Betriebsposition herunterzuziehen, und das Bodenmodul (2) gegen eine auf das Bodenmodul (2) wirkende Gesamtauftriebskraft der besagten Schallschutzmodule in der Betriebsposition zu halten,
    - wobei das Bodenmodul (2) an einem unteren Ende eine Platte (11a, 11b) zum Positionieren auf oder zum Schweben über der Bodenfläche (6) des Gewässers (7) aufweist, wobei die Platte (11a, 11b) eine zentrale Öffnung zum Durchführen eines in die Bodenfläche (6) zu rammenden Pfahlelements aufweist.
  3. Modulare Schallschutzvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 2, wobei mindestens zwei, vorzugsweise jedes der Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) den Schallschutzabschnitt (8) und den Ballastabschnitt (9) umfasst,
    wobei sich der Ballastabschnitt (9) von einem unteren Ende des Schallschutzabschnitts (8) erstreckt, wobei sich der Schallschutzabschnitt (8) von dem Ballastabschnitt (9) zu einem oberen Ende erstreckt, welches in der Betriebsposition oberhalb des unteren Endes angeordnet ist.
  4. Modulare Schallschutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die durch das Bodenmodul (2) bereitgestellte und auf dieses wirkende Gravitationskraft größer ist als die Summe der Auftriebskräfte in der umgebenden Flüssigkeit, vorzugsweise Meerwasser, von allen oberhalb des Bodenmoduls (2) angeordneten Schallschutzmodulen (3, 4) abzüglich der Summe der Gravitationskräfte von allen oberhalb des Bodenmoduls (2) angeordneten Schallschutzmodulen (3, 4).
  5. Modulare Schallschutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4), insbesondere die Schallschutzabschnitte (8) jedes Schallschutzmoduls, eine Tragkonstruktion und ein an der Tragkonstruktion befestigtes Schallschutzmodul umfassen.
  6. Modulare Schallschutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4), insbesondere die Schallschutzabschnitte (8) jedes Schallschutzmoduls, eine mit einem Schallschutzmedium gefüllte Kammer umfassen,
    wobei vorzugsweise das Schallschutzmedium eine gasförmige Substanz, insbesondere Luft, und/oder ein schalldämmendes Material, vorzugsweise ein Schaumstoff, insbesondere Polyurethanschaum, oder Glaswolle oder Schaumglas ist.
  7. Modulare Schallschutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die nebeneinander angeordneten Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) ausgebildet sind, in der Betriebsposition eine Überlappung (20) in der Richtung der vertikalen Achse zu haben,
    wobei ein erstes Schallschutzmodul der Schallschutzmodule (2 oder 3) neben einem zweiten Schallschutzmodul (3 oder 4) angeordnet ist und dieses zweite Schallschutzmodul (3 oder 4) überlappt,
    wobei das besagte erste Schallschutzmodul einen Innendurchmesser aufweist, welcher größer ist als ein Außendurchmesser des besagten zweiten Schallschutzmoduls, um einen Umfangsspalt (21) zwischen dem besagten ersten und dem besagten zweiten Schallschutzmodul in einem Bereich der Überlappung (20) zu bilden, wobei der besagte Spalt (21) eine Spaltbreite in einer radialen Richtung in Bezug auf die vertikale Achse aufweist,
    wobei vorzugsweise eine Ausdehnung der vertikalen Überlappung (20) in der Richtung der vertikalen Achse größer ist als die besagte Spaltbreite, vorzugsweise ist die Ausdehnung der vertikalen Überlappung (20) mindestens doppelt so groß oder mindestens dreimal so groß wie die Spaltbreite.
  8. Modulare Schallschutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei eine Unterkante mindestens eines, vorzugsweise aller in der Betriebsposition über dem Bodenmodul (2) angeordneten Schallschutzmodule (3, 4) ausgebildet ist, in der Lagerposition und/oder beim Teleskopieren der Schallschutzmodule in die Lagerposition durch die Platte (11a, 11b) gestützt wird.
  9. Modulare Schallschutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die nebeneinander angeordneten Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) durch Verbindungsmittel (5), insbesondere durch flexible Verbindungsmittel (5) wie Bänder, Ketten oder Seile, miteinander verbunden sind.
  10. Modulare Schallschutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Bodenmodul (2) mit der Haltevorrichtung verbunden ist, wobei die Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) ausgebildet sind, sich beim Absenken des Bodenmoduls (2) teleskopartig in die Betriebsposition zu erstrecken und beim Zurückholen des Bodenmoduls (2) in die Lagerposition zu teleskopieren, und/oder
    wobei die Haltevorrichtung Winden (12), insbesondere synchronisierte Winden (12), mit Hebemitteln (13), insbesondere flexiblen Hebemitteln (13) wie Gurten, Ketten oder Seilen, umfasst, die mit dem Bodenmodul (2) verbunden sind und ausgebildet sind, das Bodenmodul (2) abzusenken und zurückzuholen,
    wobei vorzugsweise die Hebemittel (13) an einem Außenumfang des Bodenmoduls (2) angeordnet sind.
  11. Modulare Schallschutzvorrrichtung (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Haltevorrichtung ausgebildet und/oder angeordnet ist, die überschüssige Gravitationskraft der Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) zum Halten der Haltevorrichtung auf oder über einem Wasserspiegel auszugleichen, und/oder
    wobei die Haltevorrichtung einen Greiferrahmen und/oder einen Behälter und/oder einen Pfahlgreifer und/oder eine Plattform für eine Pfahlramme umfasst, wobei vorzugsweise der Greiferrahmen und/oder der Behälter und/oder die Plattform für eine Pfahlramme mit den Winden (12), insbesondere gemäß Anspruch 9, ausgestattet ist.
  12. Modulare Schallschutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei jedes Schallschutzmodul mindestens zwei Segmente umfasst, die Teilschalen bilden, die ausgebildet sind, einen Teil eines Umfangs des besagten Schallschutzmoduls bilden, um dessen Röhrenform zu erschaffen,
    wobei die mindestens zwei Segmente ausgebildet sind, zum Öffnen und Schließen des besagten Schallschutzmoduls relativ zueinander schwenkbar zu sein,
    wobei vorzugsweise die Segmente durch ein Gelenk miteinander verbunden sind.
  13. Modulare Schallschutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) Sicherheitsabstandshalter und/oder Führungen umfassen, die an einem Innenumfang einiger, vorzugsweise an jedem Schallschutzmodul (2, 3, 4) befestigt sind, um einen Abstand zwischen den Schallschutzmodulen (2, 3, 4) und einem durch die Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) geführten Pfahl während des Pfählens aufrechtzuerhalten.
  14. Verfahren zur Installation einer modularen Schallschutzvorrichtung (1) in einem Gewässer (7), umfassend die Schritte
    - Bereitstellen einer Schallschutzvorrichtung gemäß einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche,
    - Positionieren der Schallschutzvorrichtung in der Nähe einer Pfahlramme, um einen Pfahl zu umschließen,
    - teleskopartiges Bewegen von Schallschutzmodulen (2, 3, 4) der Schallschutzvorrichtung relativ zueinander aus einer Haltevorrichtung, um eine Länge einer durch die Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) gebildeten konischen Struktur zu vergrößern, durch
    ∘ Absenken des Bodenmoduls (2) auf eine Bodenfläche (6) des Gewässers (7) durch eine vom Bodenmodul (2) ausgeübte Gravitationskraft, zum Positionieren auf oder Schweben über der besagten Bodenfläche (6) in einer Betriebsposition, und
    ∘ Entfalten der über dem Bodenmodul (2) angeordneten Schallschutzmodule (3, 4) aus einer Lagerposition in eine Betriebsposition durch Absenken des Bodenmoduls (2),
    - Halten der Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) in der Betriebsposition durch die entgegengesetzte Gesamtgravitationskraft, die von dem Bodenmodul (2) bereitgestellt wird und auf dieses wirkt, und durch die Gesamtauftriebskräfte, die von den über dem Bodenmodul (2) angeordneten Schallschutzmodulen (3, 4) bereitgestellt werden und auf diese wirken,
    - wobei das Bodenmodul (2) an einem unteren Ende eine Platte (11a, 11b) zum Positionieren auf oder zum Schweben über der Bodenfläche (6) des Gewässers (7) aufweist, wobei die Platte (11a, 11b) eine zentrale Öffnung zum Durchführen eines in die Bodenfläche (6) zu rammenden Pfahlelements aufweist.
  15. Verfahren nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch 14, umfassend die Schritte
    - Positionieren der Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4), insbesondere gemäß Anspruch 12, mit mindestens zwei Segmenten, die Teilschalen bilden, die ausgebildet sind, in einer offenen Position einen Teil eines Umfangs der Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) nahe eines Pfahls zu bilden,
    - Schwenken der mindestens zwei Segmente relativ zueinander und
    - Schließen der mindestens zwei Segmente, um eine Röhrenform der Schallschutzmodule (2, 3, 4) zum Umschließen des Pfahls zu bilden.
  16. Verwendung einer modularen Schallschutzvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 13 als Unterwasserschallschutzvorrichtung um Geräusche zu dämmen, die beim Offshore-Rammen von Pfählen entstehen, insbesondere einen Pfahl beim Rammen des Pfahls in eine Bodenfläche (6) eines Gewässers (7) zu umschließen und Geräuschen, die beim Offshore-Rammen von Pfählen entstehen, zu dämmen.
EP21735970.2A 2020-06-26 2021-06-25 Modulare schwimmende lärmdämmvorrichtung für offshore-pfahlrammen Active EP4172417B1 (de)

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EP20182686.4A EP3929359B1 (de) 2020-06-26 2020-06-26 Modulare schwimmende lärmdämmvorrichtung für offshore-pfahlrammen
PCT/EP2021/067568 WO2021260203A2 (en) 2020-06-26 2021-06-25 Modular buoyant noise-insulating device for offshore pile driving

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NL2037945B1 (en) * 2024-06-13 2026-01-12 Iqip Holding Bv Acoustic insulation assembly
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DE1784396B1 (de) * 1968-08-03 1971-07-01 Cordes Hugo Dipl Ing Rammhammer mit Schallschluckmantel
DE102004043128A1 (de) * 2004-09-03 2006-03-09 Menck Gmbh Pfahlführungsvorrichtung
DE102006008095A1 (de) * 2006-02-20 2007-08-23 Menck Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum umweltschonenden Rammen unter Wasser
NL2003073C2 (nl) * 2009-06-23 2010-12-27 Ihc Holland Ie Bv Inrichting en werkwijze voor het reduceren van geluid.
NL2003656C2 (nl) 2009-10-16 2011-04-19 Ihc Holland Ie Bv Samenstel van telescopische buisdelen.
NL2006982C2 (en) * 2011-06-22 2013-01-02 Ihc Holland Ie Bv Centre system.
DK3084093T3 (en) * 2013-12-17 2019-02-25 Adbm Corp Underwater noise cancellation systems using an open-ended resonator arrangement and apparatus for use in the exploitation
US9765497B2 (en) * 2014-04-25 2017-09-19 Karl-Heinz ELMER Device for reducing underwater sound
NL2013349B1 (en) * 2014-08-21 2016-09-23 Ihc Holland Ie Bv Method of and system for installing foundation elements in an underwater ground formation.
DE102014113676A1 (de) * 2014-09-22 2015-12-17 Karl-Heinz ELMER Hydroschalldämpfer und Verfahren zur Handhabung eines Hydroschalldämpfers
EP3173532B1 (de) * 2015-11-24 2021-08-25 Hübner GmbH & Co. KG Balg zur reduzierung der schallemission einer schallemittierenden einrichtung sowie schallemittierende einrichtung umfassend ein rammgerät und rammglied

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WO2021260203A2 (en) 2021-12-30
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EP3929359B1 (de) 2025-09-10
US20230272591A1 (en) 2023-08-31
EP3929359A1 (de) 2021-12-29

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