EP4167378B1 - Isolierte hochfrequenzantennenanordnung - Google Patents

Isolierte hochfrequenzantennenanordnung

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Publication number
EP4167378B1
EP4167378B1 EP22200222.2A EP22200222A EP4167378B1 EP 4167378 B1 EP4167378 B1 EP 4167378B1 EP 22200222 A EP22200222 A EP 22200222A EP 4167378 B1 EP4167378 B1 EP 4167378B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
isolator
branch
insulator
frequency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP22200222.2A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4167378A1 (de
Inventor
Madani Kartout
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sagemcom Broadband SAS
Original Assignee
Sagemcom Broadband SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sagemcom Broadband SAS filed Critical Sagemcom Broadband SAS
Publication of EP4167378A1 publication Critical patent/EP4167378A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4167378B1 publication Critical patent/EP4167378B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/02—Details
    • H01Q19/021—Means for reducing undesirable effects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H01Q9/285—Planar dipole

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of radio frequency devices comprising a plurality of antennas.
  • the invention is particularly applicable when the antennas operate in adjacent or even similar frequency bands.
  • Some modern electrical equipment such as home gateways , includes multiple antennas to transmit and receive radio frequency signals in different frequency bands. To minimize interference between these antennas, it is essential to ensure they are properly isolated from one another. This is especially critical when the frequency bands used by the same device are adjacent (for example, 5GHz and 6GHz Wi-Fi) or even the same.
  • Diversity techniques are also known, for example, spatial diversity, polarization diversity, or radiation diversity.
  • the performance of these techniques is generally limited when implemented in compact equipment. In particular, they do not allow for ensuring a omnidirectional propagation of radio frequency signals in radio frequency multiple-input multiple-output or MIMO ( Multiple-Input Multiple-Output ) systems using adjacent frequency bands.
  • MIMO Multiple-Input Multiple-Output
  • insulating elements such as screens, reflectors, or absorbers from one or more metal parts.
  • the insulating elements thus created are not very effective when integrated into a compact device.
  • the document KR 101 403 592 B1 describes a radio frequency device comprising three antennas and an insulator.
  • One aim of the invention is to provide a compact radio frequency device that meets the isolation requirements set out above when adjacent frequency bands are used.
  • the radio frequency device according to the invention is particularly advantageous because the arrangement of the first antenna and the second antenna, as well as the configuration of the first insulator which is not electrically connected to a ground plane between said antennas, ensures that the radio frequency device is compact while meeting the insulation requirements set out above.
  • the first frequency band and the second frequency band are separated by a frequency gap of between 0MHz and 1GHz.
  • the first set of antennas and the first insulator are positioned on a support made of a dielectric material, the support extending along the first plane.
  • the first insulator comprises a first branch and a second both branches electrically conductive, the second branch being substantially perpendicular to the first branch and extending from a central portion of the first branch, a free end of the second branch being in an open circuit, the first insulator thus having a "T" shape.
  • the first antenna and the second antenna are planar dipole antennas each having a rectangular shape, the first antenna being arranged to generate a first maximum electric field on a first axis, the second antenna being arranged to generate a second maximum electric field on a second axis, the first axis and the second axis being substantially parallel to each other.
  • the first axis and the second axis are oriented approximately at 45 degrees with respect to the second branch.
  • the first axis and the second axis are substantially perpendicular to the second branch.
  • the first maximum electric field is greater than the second maximum electric field, one end of the first branch of the first insulator being positioned at a distance between 5 millimeters and 1.5 centimeters from the first axis.
  • the second branch of the first insulator has a predefined length substantially equal to one quarter of the first wavelength ⁇ A.
  • the first branch of the first insulator has a predefined width such that the characteristic impedance of said first branch be substantially equal to the characteristic impedance of an antenna selected from the first antenna and the second antenna, the second branch of the first insulator having a predefined width such that the characteristic impedance of said second branch is substantially equal to the characteristic impedance of the antenna selected from the first antenna and the second antenna.
  • the first branch of the first insulator has a predefined width such that the characteristic impedance of said first branch is substantially between 75 ⁇ and 120 ⁇ , the second branch of the first insulator having a predefined width such that the characteristic impedance of said second branch is substantially between 75 ⁇ and 120 ⁇ .
  • the first insulator comprises three branches, all three electrically conductive and arranged in such a way that said first insulator has a "Y" shape.
  • the second insulator comprises a single electrically conductive branch, the said insulator thus having a longitudinal shape.
  • the radio frequency device as previously described includes a third antenna extending in a second plane, the second insulator being further arranged to reduce a second electromagnetic radiation coupling between the third antenna and the particular antenna, on a particular frequency band in which the particular antenna operates and on a third frequency band in which the third antenna operates.
  • the branch of the second insulator has a predefined width such that the characteristic impedance of said branch is substantially equal to the characteristic impedance of an antenna selected from the particular antenna and the third antenna.
  • the branch of the first insulator has a predefined width so that the characteristic impedance of said branch is substantially between 75 ⁇ and 1200.
  • the second insulator is located near an intersection of the first plane and the second plane.
  • the second insulator is positioned in a plane intersecting the foreground and the background.
  • the second insulator forms a rounded corner between the first plane and the second plane.
  • the first plane and the second plane are perpendicular.
  • the radio frequency device as previously described comprises a second set of antennas including the third antenna and a fourth antenna, and which is similar to the first set of antennas, as well as a third insulator similar to the first insulator and positioned between the third antenna and the fourth antenna.
  • the radio frequency device as previously described comprises a support having four faces, including two first faces parallel to each other and two second faces parallel to each other, two first sets of antennas each positioned on a first distinct face and two second sets of antennas each positioned on a second distinct face, the radio frequency device further comprising two first insulators each positioned between the first antenna and the second antenna of a first distinct set of antennas, two third insulators each positioned between a third antenna and a fourth antenna of a second distinct set of antennas, as well as four second insulators each positioned in a distinct corner of the support.
  • the invention also relates to a MIMO system comprising a radio frequency device as previously described and a radio frequency transmitter and a radio frequency receiver connected to the first sets of antennas and the second sets of antennas of said radio frequency device.
  • the invention also relates to electronic equipment comprising a MIMO system as previously described.
  • the electronic equipment is a residential gateway.
  • radio frequency device 1 is described according to an embodiment which is not included in the subject matter of the claims.
  • the radio frequency device 1 comprises a first set of antennas 2 including a first antenna 2a and a second antenna 2b.
  • the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b are planar in shape and both extend in a first plane 3.
  • the first plane 3 is defined by an X axis and by a Z axis, the X axis and the Z axis being perpendicular.
  • the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b are here positioned on a support 4 made of a dielectric material and extending into the first plane 3.
  • the support 4 is made of a plastic material having a dielectric permittivity greater than 1 (for example, the dielectric permittivity of the plastic material used is about equal to 3).
  • the first antenna 2a operates in a first frequency band and the second antenna 2b operates in a second frequency band. It is understood here that an antenna operates in a frequency band (or at a frequency) means that said antenna is designed to transmit and/or receive radio frequency signals optimally in said frequency band (or respectively at said frequency).
  • first and second frequency bands are distinct but adjacent.
  • adjacent means that the first and second frequency bands are separated by a frequency gap of approximately 0 MHz to approximately 1 GHz. For example, if the first frequency band is larger than the second frequency band, this frequency gap is the difference between the minimum frequency of the second frequency band and the maximum frequency of the first frequency band.
  • the first antenna 2a could be a dual-band antenna operating at a frequency of 2.4GHz and a frequency of 5GHz
  • the second antenna 2b could be a simple single-band antenna operating at a frequency of 6GHz.
  • the first antenna 2a could be a single-band antenna operating in a 5GHz frequency band, ranging from 5170MHz to 5835MHz
  • the second antenna 2b could be a single-band antenna operating in a 6GHz frequency band, ranging from 5925MHz to 7125MHz.
  • the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b are planar dipole antennas mounted on rectangular supports. Both antennas exhibit an omnidirectional radiation pattern in the shape of a torus.
  • the first antenna 2a generates a first maximum electric field along a first axis E ⁇ sub>2a ⁇ /sub>
  • the second antenna 2b generates a second maximum electric field along a second axis E ⁇ sub>2b ⁇ /sub> .
  • the first axis E ⁇ sub>2a ⁇ /sub> is an axis of symmetry of the first antenna 2a, parallel to its width.
  • the second axis E ⁇ sub>2b ⁇ /sub> is an axis of symmetry of the second antenna 2b, parallel to its width.
  • first axis E 2a and the second axis E 2b are parallel.
  • the radio frequency device 1 further comprises a first insulator 5 of planar shape which extends in the first plane 3 between the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b.
  • the first insulator 5 is here generally centered between the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b.
  • the first insulator 5 is positioned on the support 4 and fixed by means of fixing including for example riveting pins, glue or screws.
  • the first insulator 5 has a first branch 6 and a second branch 7.
  • the first branch 6 and the second branch 7 of the first insulator 5 are here formed by flat and straight tracks made of a conductive material, for example aluminium, copper or iron.
  • the second branch 7 of the first insulator 5 is perpendicular to the first branch 6 of the first insulator 5 and extends from a central portion of said first branch 6.
  • the first insulator 5 thus has a "T" shape.
  • the "T" shape is simple and facilitates the manufacture of the first insulator 5 because it is a shape that can be precisely cut (particularly in a metal plate) and is easily reproducible.
  • the first branch 6 of the first insulator 5 is a transmission line that is open-circuited between a first end 6a and a second end 6b.
  • the second branch 7 of the first insulator 5 is a stub that is open-circuited at a free end 7a. Therefore, the second branch 7 and the first branch 6 of the first insulator 5 are electrically connected in parallel.
  • the first insulator 5 is thus a passive element that performs the function of a reciprocal bandstop resonator.
  • the first insulator 5 therefore exhibits a transmission coefficient that is the same regardless of the direction of flow of an electric current circulating through its first branch 6 and its second branch 7.
  • the first insulator 5 is not electrically connected.
  • the first Insulator 5 is not connected to an electrical ground plane.
  • the first insulator 5 is therefore electrically floating. It is particularly noteworthy that this floating configuration of the first insulator 5 is significantly different from prior art solutions. Indeed, according to the prior art, insulators exist that are mounted on PCBs ( Printed Circuit Boards ) , but the use of a PCB (which exhibits magnetic permeability) necessitates connecting these insulators to the electrical ground plane of the PCB.
  • the first axis E 2a and the second axis E 2b are both oriented here at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the second branch 7 of the first insulator 5.
  • the first axis E 2a extends directly to the vicinity of the first end 6a of the first branch 6 of the first insulator 5.
  • the dimensions of the first insulator 5 are predefined based on the available space, the environment in which it is used, and a frequency band in which its influence must be maximum. It is indeed important to consider the environment in which the device 1, according to one embodiment, is applied, and in particular the electrical parameters of the materials used (such as dielectric permittivity) which impact the wavelengths, resonance frequencies, and characteristic impedances of the transmission lines (i.e., the tracks).
  • the first branch 6 of the first insulator 5 has a length approximately equal to at least one quarter of a first wavelength ⁇ A taking into account a medium in which the first insulator 5 extends.
  • the first insulator 5 is designed to attenuate the electromagnetic radiation coupling between the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b in the first frequency band and in the second frequency band, but more significantly in the first frequency band (in which the first antenna 2a operates). If the medium in which the first insulator 5 extends is air, the first wavelength ⁇ A is calculated with a dielectric permittivity of 1.
  • the first frequency band is from 5.1 GHz to 5.9 GHz
  • the first center frequency ⁇ 1 is approximately 5.5 GHz.
  • the first insulator 5 is designed to attenuate the electromagnetic radiation coupling between the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b in a balanced (or equal) manner between the first and second frequency bands.
  • the first frequency band is, for example, a 5 GHz band
  • the second frequency band is, for example, a 6 GHz band.
  • the second branch 7 of the first insulator 5 has a length approximately equal to one-quarter of the first selected wavelength ⁇ sub> A ⁇ /sub>.
  • the first selected wavelength ⁇ sub> A ⁇ /sub> corresponds to a first selected frequency, which is, for example, equal to 6.2 GHz when isolation at the beginning of the so-called 6 GHz band (UNII-5) is required.
  • the first selected frequency can also, for example, depend on the first center frequency ⁇ ⁇ sub>1 ⁇ /sub> of the first frequency band (in which the first antenna 2a operates) and the second center frequency ⁇ ⁇ sub>2 ⁇ /sub> of the second frequency band (in which the second antenna 2b operates).
  • the selected center frequency is equal to ( ⁇ ⁇ sub>1 ⁇ /sub> + ⁇ ⁇ sub>2 ⁇ /sub>)/2.
  • the dimensions of the first insulator 5, in particular the respective widths of the first branch 6 and the second branch 7, are related to the characteristics of an antenna selected from the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b.
  • the respective dimensions of the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b are considered in order to select the largest dimension(s). For example, when the first If the first frequency band (in which the first antenna 2a operates) is the 5GHz band and the second frequency band (in which the second antenna 2b operates) is the 6GHz band, then the radiating elements or tracks of the first antenna 2a have larger dimensions or sizes than the radiating elements or tracks of the second antenna 2b.
  • the width of the radiating elements or tracks of the selected antenna determines the width of the first branch 6 and/or the second branch 7 of the first insulator 5. If the first frequency band (first antenna 2a) is the 5GHz band and the second frequency band (second antenna 2b) is the 6GHz band, the respective widths of the first branch 6 and the second branch 7 of the first insulator 5 can be on the order of 2.5mm-3mm.
  • the first antenna 2a is selected to determine the dimensions of the first insulator 5, and the first antenna 2a is positioned on a PCB, itself resting on a first dielectric support (made, for example, of a plastic material).
  • the assembly (the PCB and the first dielectric support) has a dielectric permittivity of approximately 4.3.
  • the first insulator 5, in one example, is positioned on a second dielectric support (made, for example, of a plastic material), which may be identical or different from the first dielectric support on which the first antenna 2a is positioned, and which has a dielectric permittivity of approximately 3.
  • the respective characteristic impedances of the first branch 6 and the second branch 7 of the first insulator 5 are approximately equal to the characteristic impedance of the first antenna 2a.
  • first branch 6 and the second branch 7 of the first insulator 5 have widths that ensure that their respective characteristic impedances are within the range [75 ⁇ , 120 ⁇ ]. This maximizes the electric current flowing through the first branch 6 and the second branch 7, thereby maximizing the attenuation of the electromagnetic radiation coupling.
  • the first insulator 5 operates in the near field. Again, considering that the first insulator 5 is arranged to more significantly attenuate the electromagnetic radiation coupling between the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b in the first frequency band, the distance between the first end 6a of the first branch 6 of the first insulator 5 and the first axis E 2a is between 5 millimeters and 1 centimeter. This distance optimally limits the intensity of the electric field generated by the first antenna 2a and received by the second antenna 2b. In another example, this distance is greater than 1 centimeter, for example, 1.5 centimeters.
  • the figures 2 , 3, 4 and 5 highlight the role of the first insulator 5 in the radio frequency device 1.
  • the first antenna 2a is a Wi-Fi antenna operating in a frequency band from 5.1 GHz to 5.9 GHz.
  • the second antenna 2b is a Wi-Fi antenna operating in a frequency band from 5.9 GHz to 7.2 GHz.
  • the first frequency band of the first antenna 2a and the the second frequency band of the second antenna 2b are thus adjacent.
  • Curved field lines represent the orientation of the electric field in the first plane 3.
  • intensity of said electric field (in Vm -1 ) is represented here in grey level.
  • the first antenna 2a is operating in transmit mode, meaning it emits radio frequency signals within its frequency band.
  • Field lines 8 therefore represent the orientation of the electric field generated by the first antenna 2a.
  • the second antenna 2b is inactive, meaning it neither emits nor receives any radio frequency signals within its frequency band.
  • the radio frequency device 1 does not include the first insulator 5 ( figure 2
  • the electric field generated by the first antenna 2a propagates unimpeded through the support 4 to the second antenna 2b.
  • the second antenna 2b thus captures a significant portion of the electric field generated by the first antenna 2a.
  • the field lines 8 are therefore concentrated on and in the vicinity of the second antenna 2b.
  • the radio frequency device 1 includes the first insulator 5 ( figure 3 )
  • the electric field generated by the first antenna 2a is filtered, that is, attenuated, thanks to the reciprocal bandstop resonator function of said first insulator 5.
  • the field lines 8 The electric fields are thus concentrated on and in the vicinity of the first insulator 5 (and not in the vicinity of the second antenna 2b). More precisely, the electric field generated by the first antenna 2a is concentrated at the first end 6a of the first branch 6 of the first insulator 5 and at the free end 7a of the second branch 7 of the first insulator 5.
  • the electromagnetic radiation coupling between the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b is thus significantly reduced.
  • the first insulator 5 modifies the near-field orientation of the electric field generated by the first antenna 2a.
  • the first antenna 2a is inactive here, and the second antenna 2b is transmitting.
  • the field lines 9 therefore represent the orientation of the electric field generated by the second antenna 2b.
  • the radio frequency device 1 does not include the first insulator 5 ( figure 4
  • the electric field generated by the second antenna 2b propagates unimpeded through the support 4 to the first antenna 2a.
  • the field lines 9 are therefore concentrated on and in the vicinity of the first antenna 2a.
  • the electromagnetic radiation coupling between the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b is significant.
  • the radio frequency device 1 includes the first insulator 5 ( figure 5 )
  • the field lines 9 are concentrated at the first end 6a and the second end 6b of the first branch 6 of the first insulator 5 and at the free end 7a of the second branch 7 of the first insulator 5.
  • the number of field lines 9 in the vicinity of the first antenna 2a is greatly reduced. Radiation coupling The electromagnetic field between the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b is therefore significantly reduced.
  • the first insulator 5 exhibits better performance when the first antenna 2a is transmitting (compared to the case where the second antenna 2b is transmitting). This result is logical because the first insulator 5 is sized here to operate near a maximum frequency of the first frequency band (ranging from 5.1 GHz to 5.9 GHz).
  • FIG. 6 represents the amplitude in decibels of a scattering parameter S21 as a function of frequency.
  • the parameter S21 corresponds to the transmission coefficient between the second antenna 2b and the first antenna 2a.
  • Curve 10 is the curve of the parameter S21 when the first insulator 5 is not present, and curve 11 is the curve of the parameter S21 when the first insulator 5 is present.
  • the first insulator 5 is sized here to attenuate the electromagnetic radiation coupling between the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b in a frequency band ranging from 5 GHz to 7 GHz. It is clear that the first insulator 5 reduces the amplitude of the parameter S21 in the frequency band for which it is sized.
  • the first isolator 5 therefore makes it possible to effectively reduce the coupling by electromagnetic radiation between the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b in the frequency band for which it is designed.
  • an axis Y is introduced, perpendicular to the axis X and to the axis Z such that the three axes X, Y, Z form an orthogonal Cartesian frame (3-dimensional space) defining three sections, a first section XZ (that is to say a section along the first plane 3), a second section YZ and a third section XY.
  • Figure 12 represents a radiation pattern of the first antenna 2a according to the first XZ section, a radiation pattern of the first antenna 2a according to the second YZ section, and a radiation pattern of the first antenna 2a according to the third XY section.
  • the radiation patterns 12, 13, and 14 correspond to the case of figures 2 And 3
  • the solid line curve corresponds to the far-field directivity of the first antenna 2a when the first insulator 5 is not present and the dashed line curve corresponds to the far-field directivity of the first antenna 2a when the first insulator 5 is present.
  • Radiation diagrams 12, 13, 14 highlight that the first insulator 5 modifies the far-field directivity of the first antenna 2a.
  • the radiation pattern 12 according to the first XZ section shows that the far-field directivity of the first antenna 2a is more homogeneous when the The first insulator 5 is present (curve 12b).
  • the gain of the first antenna 2a is approximately constant as a function of the propagation angle of the radiation emitted by said first antenna 2a. More precisely, when the first insulator 5 is not present (curve 12a), the maximum relative gain variation of the first antenna 2a is on the order of 8dBi, whereas when the first insulator 5 is present (curve 12b), the maximum relative gain variation of the first antenna 2a is on the order of 3dBi.
  • the radiation pattern 13 according to the second YZ section does not highlight a significant shift in the far-field directivity of the first antenna 2a.
  • the radiation pattern 14 according to the third XY section shows that the maximum gain of the first antenna is shifted when the first insulator 5 is present. Indeed, when the first insulator 5 is not present (curve 14a), the gain of the first antenna 2a is maximum near an angle of 270 degrees, whereas when the first insulator 5 is present (curve 14b), the gain of the first antenna 2a is maximum near an angle of 180 degrees.
  • Figure 15 represents a radiation pattern of the second antenna 2b according to the first XZ section, a radiation pattern of the second antenna 2b according to the second YZ section, and a radiation pattern of the second antenna 2b according to the third XY section.
  • Radiation patterns 15, 16, and 17 correspond to the case of Figures 4 and 5 that is to say that the first antenna 2a is inactive and the second antenna 2b is transmitting (in the second frequency band from 5.9GHz to 7.2GHz).
  • the solid line curve corresponds to the far-field directivity of the second antenna 2b when the first insulator 5 is not present and the dashed line curve corresponds to the far-field directivity of the second antenna 2b when the first insulator 5 is present.
  • Radiation diagrams 15, 16, and 17 highlight that the first insulator 5 has a moderate influence on the far-field directivity of the second antenna 2b. Indeed, the far-field directivity profile of the second antenna 2b when the first insulator 5 is not present is broadly similar to the far-field directivity profile of the second antenna 2b when the first insulator 5 is present. This is because the second axis E 2b of the second maximum electric field of the second antenna 2b does not extend directly into the vicinity of the first insulator 5.
  • the dimensions of the first isolator 5 can be adjusted according to a target frequency band.
  • first axis E 2a of the first maximum electric field (of the first antenna 2a) and the second axis E 2b of the second maximum electric field (of the second antenna 2b) could be perpendicular to the second branch 7 of the first insulator 5.
  • the radio frequency device 1 includes at least one second insulator 18.
  • the radio frequency device 1 may further include a single second insulator 18.
  • the second insulator 18 is positioned on one side of a particular antenna, either the first antenna 2a or the second antenna 2b, said side of the particular antenna being opposite the first insulator.
  • the particular antenna is the first antenna 2a (which is this time positioned to the left of antenna 2b, not shown on the figure 9 ).
  • the second insulator 18 is used to modify and reorient the far-field directivity of the first antenna 2a caused by the presence of the first insulator 5.
  • the second insulator 18 is considered a parasitic element influencing the electric field mapping on the support 54.
  • the first antenna 2a is positioned here on a support 54 having a first face extending along the first plane 3 and a second face extending along a second plane 21.
  • the second plane 21 is defined by the Y and Z axes.
  • the second plane is therefore oriented at an angle ⁇ of 90 degrees with respect to the first plane 3. It should be noted that the angle ⁇ of inclination between the first plane 3 and the second plane 21 could be different from 90 degrees.
  • the second insulator 18 is positioned here in a corner of the support 54 defined by an intersection of the first plane 3 and the second plane 21 via fixing means including for example rivet pins, glue or screws.
  • the second insulator 18 here has a single branch 19.
  • the branch 19 of the second insulator 18 is formed by a flat, straight track made of a conductive material, for example, aluminum, copper, or iron.
  • the second insulator 18 thus has an "I" shape or elongated.
  • the "I" shape is simple and makes it easier to manufacture the second insulator 18 because it is a shape that can be cut precisely (especially in a metal plate) and is easily reproducible.
  • branch 19 of the second insulator 18 is a transmission line which is open circuit between an end 19a and an end 19b.
  • the second insulator is therefore a passive element.
  • the second insulator 18 is not electrically connected.
  • the second insulator 18 is not connected to an electrical ground plane.
  • the second insulator 18 is therefore electrically floating.
  • the radio frequency device 1 also includes a third antenna 20b.
  • the third antenna 20b is planar in shape and extends here in the second plane 21.
  • the third antenna, 20b operates in a third frequency band.
  • This third frequency band could be different from the first and second frequency bands, but it could also be similar to either the first or second frequency bands.
  • the third antenna 20b could be a single-band antenna operating in the so-called 6GHz band frequency range.
  • the third antenna 20b is a rectangular planar dipole antenna.
  • the third antenna 20b exhibits an omnidirectional radiation pattern with a torus shape.
  • the third antenna 20b generates a third maximum electric field on a third axis E 20b .
  • the position of the third antenna 20b in the second plane 21 is thus defined according to the third axis E 20b .
  • the second insulator 18 is positioned here in a corner of the support 54 between an antenna which is the first antenna 2a and the third antenna 20b.
  • the second insulator 18 can be positioned in a plane intersecting 22 in the first plane 3 and in the second plane 21.
  • the second insulator 18 is thus positioned at least partially on a chamfer of the support 54.
  • the second insulator 18 can also form a rounded corner 23 between the first plane 3 and the second plane 21.
  • the second insulator 18 is thus positioned at least partially on a fillet of the support 54.
  • the second insulator 18 When placed between the first antenna 2a and the third antenna 20b, the second insulator 18 reduces electromagnetic radiation coupling between said first antenna 2a and said third antenna 20b.
  • the dimensions of the second isolator 18 are predefined according to the available space, the environment in which it is used and a frequency band in which its influence must be maximum.
  • the dimensions of the second insulator 18 are indicated here in the case where the second insulator 18 is arranged to isolate the third antenna 20b from the electric field generated by the first antenna 2a.
  • the branch 19 of the second insulator 18 has a length approximately equal to half of a second wavelength ⁇ B taking into account a medium in which the second insulator 18 extends.
  • the second insulator 18 is designed to attenuate the electromagnetic radiation coupling between the first antenna 2a and the third antenna 20b in the first frequency band (in which the first antenna 2a operates) and in the third frequency band (in which the third antenna 20b operates), but more significantly in the first frequency band. If the medium in which the second insulator 18 extends is air, the second wavelength ⁇ B is calculated with a dielectric permittivity of 1.
  • the second insulator 18 is designed to attenuate the electromagnetic radiation coupling between the first antenna 2a and the third antenna 20b in a balanced (or equal) manner between the first and third frequency bands.
  • the first frequency band is, for example, the 5 GHz band
  • the third frequency band is, for example, the 6 GHz band.
  • ⁇ 1 is the first center frequency of the first frequency band (e.g., 5.5 GHz)
  • ⁇ 3 is a third center frequency centered between a maximum and a minimum frequency of the third frequency band (e.g., 6.5 GHz).
  • Other examples of sizing branch 19 of the second isolator 18 can be obtained depending on whether the isolation of the first or third frequency band is required.
  • the dimensions of the second insulator 18, in particular the width of the branch 19, are related to the characteristics of an antenna selected from the first antenna 2a and the third antenna 20b.
  • the respective dimensions of the first antenna 2a and the third antenna 20b are considered in order to select the largest dimension(s). For example, when the first frequency band (in which the first antenna 2a operates) is the so-called 5 GHz band and the third frequency band (in which the third antenna 20b operates) is the so-called 6 GHz band, the radiating elements or tracks of the first antenna 2a have larger dimensions or sizes than the radiating elements or tracks of the third antenna 20b.
  • the width of the radiating elements or tracks of the selected antenna determines the width of the branch 19 of the second insulator 18. If the first frequency band (first antenna 2a) is the 5GHz band and the third frequency band (third antenna 20b) is the 6GHz band, the The width of branch 19 of the second insulator 18 can be in the order of 2.5mm-3mm.
  • the first antenna 2a is selected to determine the dimensions of the second insulator 18, and the first antenna 2a is positioned on a PCB, itself resting on a first dielectric support (made, for example, of a plastic material).
  • the assembly (the PCB and the first dielectric support) has a dielectric permittivity of approximately 4.3.
  • the second insulator 18 is, in one example, positioned on a second dielectric support (made, for example, of a plastic material) which may be identical or different from the first support on which the first antenna 2a is positioned, and which has a dielectric permittivity of approximately 3. Due to the proximity of two different dielectric permittivities, and knowing that the first antenna 2a is selected to dimension the second insulator 18, the characteristic impedance of the branch 19 of the second insulator 18 is approximately equal to the characteristic impedance of the first antenna 2a.
  • the branch 19 of the second insulator 18 has a width that ensures that the characteristic impedance of said branch 19 is within the range [75 ⁇ , 120 ⁇ ]. This maximizes the electric current flowing through said branch 19 and thus maximizes the attenuation of the coupling by electromagnetic radiation.
  • the width of branch 19 of the second insulator 18 is at least equal to the width of the first branch 6 and/or the second branch 7 of the first insulator 5. In yet another example, the width of branch 19 of the second insulator 18 is approximately equal to double the width of the first branch 6 and/or the second branch 7 of the first insulator 5.
  • the second insulator 18 operates in the near field. Again, considering that the second insulator 18 is arranged here to isolate the third antenna 20b from the electric field generated by the first antenna 2a, the distance between the second insulator 18 and the first axis E 2a is between 5 millimeters and 1 centimeter. This distance optimally limits the intensity of the electric field generated by the first antenna 2a and received by the third antenna 20b. In another example, this distance is greater than 1 centimeter, for example, 1.5 centimeters.
  • the first antenna 2a is a Wi-Fi antenna operating in a frequency band from 5.1 GHz to 5.9 GHz, that is, in the so-called 5 GHz band.
  • the third antenna 20b is a Wi-Fi antenna operating in a frequency band from 5.9 GHz to 7.2 GHz, that is, in the so-called 6 GHz band.
  • the first frequency band of the first antenna 2a and the third frequency band of the third antenna 20b are thus adjacent.
  • the 24 curved field lines represent the orientation of the electric field in the first plane 3 and in the second plane 21. Furthermore, the intensity of said electric field (in Vm ⁇ 1 ) is shown here in grayscale.
  • the first antenna 2a is operating in transmit mode, and the third antenna 20b is inactive.
  • FIGS 11 And 12 represent the orientation and intensity of the electric field generated by the first antenna 2a in the first plane 3.
  • the radio frequency device 1 does not include the second insulator 18, the electric field generated by the first antenna 2a propagates through the support 54 along the first axis E 2a ( figure 11 ). Furthermore, the field lines 24 are concentrated at the third antenna 20b, which shows that said third antenna 20b captures a significant portion of the electric field generated by the first antenna 2a ( figure 13 ).
  • the radio frequency device 1 includes the second insulator 18 ( figure 12 And figure 14
  • the electric field generated by the first antenna 2a does not propagate along the first axis E 2a .
  • the field lines 24 are thus concentrated at the ends 19a and 19b of the branch 19 of the second insulator 18.
  • the field lines 24 are deflected from their initial orientation (i.e., their orientation when the second insulator 18 is not present). This deflection of the field lines 24 also attenuates the portion of the electric field generated by the first antenna 2a that is received by the third antenna 20b.
  • the second insulator 18 thus reduces the electromagnetic radiation coupling between the first antenna 2a and the third antenna 20b.
  • FIG. 15 represents the amplitude in decibels of the parameter S21 as a function of frequency.
  • the parameter S21 corresponds to the transmission coefficient between the third antenna 20b and the first antenna 2a.
  • Curve 25 represents the curve of parameter S 21 when the second insulator 18 is not present, and curve 26 represents the curve of parameter S 21 when the second insulator 18 is present.
  • the second insulator 18 is sized here to attenuate the electromagnetic radiation coupling between the first antenna 2a and the third antenna 20b in a frequency band ranging from 5 GHz to 7 GHz.
  • the second insulator 18 slightly reduces the amplitude of parameter S 21 in the frequency band for which it is sized.
  • the second insulator 18 therefore makes it possible to slightly reduce the coupling by electromagnetic radiation between the first antenna 2a and the third antenna 20b in the frequency band for which it is designed.
  • Figure 27 represents a radiation pattern of the first antenna 2a according to the first XZ section, a radiation pattern of the first antenna 2a according to the second YZ section, and a radiation pattern of the first antenna 2a according to the third XY section.
  • the radiation patterns 27, 28, and 29 correspond to the case of Figures 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 that is to say that the first antenna 2a is transmitting (in the first frequency band from 5.1GHz to 5.9GHz) and the third antenna 20b is inactive.
  • the solid line curve corresponds to the far-field directivity of the first antenna 2a when the second insulator 18 is not present and the dashed line curve corresponds to the far-field directivity of the first antenna 2a when the second insulator 18 is present.
  • Radiation diagrams 27, 28, 29 highlight that the second insulator 18 modifies the far-field directivity of the first antenna 2a.
  • the radiation pattern 27 according to the first XZ section shows that the far-field directivity of the first antenna 2a is generally more homogeneous when the second insulator 18 is present (curve 27b). More precisely, when the second insulator 18 is not present (curve 27a), the maximum relative gain variation of the first antenna 2a is on the order of 7 dBi, whereas when the second insulator 18 is present (curve 27b), the maximum relative gain variation of the first antenna 2a is on the order of 5 dBi.
  • the radiation pattern 28 according to the third XY section shows that the maximum gain of the first antenna 2a is shifted when the second insulator 18 is present. Indeed, when the second insulator 18 is not present (curve 28a), the gain of the first antenna 2a is maximum for an angle range from 210 degrees to 300 degrees, whereas when the second insulator 18 is present (curve 28b), the gain of the first antenna 2a is maximum in the vicinity of a first angle equal to 0 degrees and in the vicinity of a second angle equal to 180 degrees.
  • Figure 30 represents a radiation pattern of the third antenna 20b according to the first XZ section, a radiation pattern of the third antenna 20b according to the second YZ section, and a radiation pattern of the third antenna 20b according to the third XY section.
  • Radiation patterns 30, 31, and 32 correspond to the case in which the third antenna 20b is transmitting (in the third frequency band from 5.9 GHz to 7.2 GHz).
  • the solid line curve corresponds to the far-field directivity of the third antenna 20b when the second insulator 18 is not present and the dashed line curve corresponds to the far-field directivity of the third antenna 20b when the second insulator 18 is present.
  • Radiation diagrams 30, 31, and 32 demonstrate that the second insulator 18 has a negligible influence on the far-field directivity of the third antenna 20b. Indeed, the far-field directivity profiles and gain values of the third antenna 20b are broadly similar when the second insulator 18 is absent and when it is present. This is because the third axis E 20b of the third maximum electric field of the third antenna 20b does not extend directly into the vicinity of the second insulator 18.
  • the attenuation produced by the second insulator 18 is generally lower than that produced by the first insulator 5. This is explained by the fact that the second insulator 18 can be seen as a parasitic wave-directing element.
  • first insulator 5 and/or the second insulator 18 can be adjusted according to a target frequency band.
  • the radio frequency device 1 further comprises a second set of antennas 20 including the third antenna 20b and a fourth antenna 20a.
  • the second set of antennas 20 is similar here to the first set of antennas 2.
  • the third antenna 20b is similar to the second antenna 2b and the fourth antenna 20a is similar to the first antenna 2a.
  • the third antenna 20b and the fourth antenna 20a extend into the second plane 21 and are positioned on the support 54.
  • a third insulator 33 is positioned between the third antenna 20b and the fourth antenna 20a.
  • the third insulator 33 is thus arranged to reduce electromagnetic radiation coupling between the third antenna 20b and the fourth antenna 20a.
  • the radio frequency device 1 will include two first sets of antennas 2, two second sets of antennas 20, two first insulators 5, two third insulators 33 and four second insulators 18.
  • the radio frequency device 1 is mounted on a cylindrical support 40 with a square cross-section (with slightly rounded corners).
  • the cylindrical support 40 has two first faces 40a, which are parallel to each other; and two second faces 40b, which are also parallel to each other.
  • the cylindrical support 40 thus has four corners 41, 42, 43, 44. Overall, the cylindrical support 40 has the shape of a rectangular ring.
  • the cylindrical support 40 is made of a material having a dielectric permittivity greater than 1.
  • the cylindrical support 40 is made with a plastic material or with a polymer material.
  • a first set of antennas 2 is positioned on each of the first two faces 40a of the cylindrical support 40.
  • a first insulator 5 is positioned between the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b of each of the first two sets of antennas 2.
  • a second set of antennas 20 is positioned on each of the two second faces 40b of the cylindrical support 40.
  • a third insulator 33 is positioned between the third antenna 20b and the fourth antenna 20a of each of the two second sets of antennas 20.
  • a second insulator 18 is positioned on each of the four corners, 41, 42, 43, 44 of the cylindrical support 40.
  • a first group of antennas G1 and a second group of antennas G2 are defined.
  • the first antenna group G1 comprises the first antenna 2a from each of the first two antenna sets 2 and the fourth antenna 20a from each of the second two antenna sets 20.
  • the first antenna group G1 thus consists of four antennas.
  • the antennas in group G1 are dual-band Wi-Fi antennas operating in the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequency bands.
  • the antennas in group G1 are 802.11 antennas, single-band, and operate in the 5 GHz frequency band.
  • the antennas in group G1 are 802.11 antennas, single-band, and operate in the 6 GHz frequency band.
  • the antennas in group G1 are tri-band antennas comprising different subsets of electrical conductors allowing said antennas of group G1 to operate simultaneously in the frequency band known as the 2.4GHz band, in the frequency band known as the 5GHz band and in the frequency band known as the 6GHz band.
  • the second antenna group G2 comprises the second antenna 2b from each of the first two antenna sets 2 and the third antenna 20b from each of the second two antenna sets 20.
  • the second antenna group G2 thus consists of four antennas.
  • the antennas in group G2 are single-band Wi-Fi antennas operating in the 6 GHz frequency band.
  • the first two insulators 5, the two third insulators 33 and the four second insulators 18 will be designated as an isolation device
  • THE figures 19, 20 , 21, 22 highlight the role of the first insulator 5, the second insulator 18 and the third insulator 33 in the radio frequency device 1.
  • the first antenna 2a which belongs to the first antenna group G1 is here in transmission.
  • the intensity of the electric field (in Vm -1 ) is represented here according to three distinct zones.
  • a first zone Z1 from 0 Vm -1 to 1000 Vm -1 a second zone Z2 from 1000 Vm -1 to 1400 Vm -1 and a third zone Z3 from 1400 Vm -1 to approximately 2360 Vm -1 .
  • the first antenna 2a (belonging to the first group of antennas G1) is transmitting and the other antennas are inactive.
  • part of the electric field generated by the first antenna 2a is captured by the other antennas, and in particular by the second antenna 2b.
  • the insulation device When the insulation device is present ( figure 21 ), the electric field generated by the first antenna 2a is captured by the isolation device, here in particular by the first insulator 5. The electromagnetic radiation coupling between the antennas of the radio frequency device 1 is thus greatly reduced.
  • the second antenna 2b (belonging to the second group of antennas G2) is transmitting and the other antennas are inactive.
  • the insulation device When the insulation device is present ( figure 22 ), the electric field generated by the second antenna 2b is captured by the isolation device, here in particular by the second insulator 18. The electromagnetic radiation coupling between the antennas of the radio frequency device 1 is thus greatly reduced.
  • Figure 46 represents a radiation pattern according to the first XZ section, a radiation pattern 47 according to the second YZ section, and a radiation pattern 48 according to the third XY section of the antennas in the first antenna group G1. More precisely, radiation patterns 46, 47, and 48 are here average combined gain radiation patterns.
  • the solid line represents the combined far-field directivity of the antennas in the first antenna group G1 when the isolation device is not present
  • the dashed line represents the far-field directivity combined antennas of the first group of antennas G1 when the isolation device is present.
  • Radiation diagrams 46, 47, 48 highlight that the isolation device makes it possible to substantially homogenize the far-field directivity of the antennas of the first group of antennas G1.
  • Figure 49 represents a radiation pattern according to the first XZ section, a radiation pattern 50 according to the second YZ section, and a radiation pattern 51 according to the third XY section of the antennas in the second antenna group G2. More precisely, radiation patterns 49, 50, and 51 are here average combined gain radiation patterns.
  • the solid line curve corresponds to the combined far-field directivity of the antennas of the second antenna group G2 when the isolation device is not present and the dashed line curve corresponds to the combined far-field directivity of the antennas of the second antenna group G2 when the isolation device is present.
  • Radiation diagrams 49, 50, 51 highlight that the isolation device has a limited influence on the far-field directivity of the antennas in the second antenna group G2.
  • the isolation device thus has a greater influence on a frequency band in which the antennas of the first group of antennas G1 operate than on a frequency band in which the antennas of the second group of antennas G2 operate.
  • the radio frequency device 1 therefore makes it possible to meet the isolation requirements between antennas when frequency bands adjacent are exploited while ensuring that the radiation pattern of said antennas is omnidirectional (i.e. that the angular distribution of the gain of said antennas is homogeneous).
  • the radio frequency device does not require any special antenna technology (e.g., ceramic antennas) and can be implemented using antennas with conventional dimensions.
  • the radio frequency device 1 is integrated into a MIMO ( Multiple-Input Multiple-Output ) system 101, which is itself integrated into an electronic device 100.
  • the MIMO system 101 comprises a radio frequency transmitter 102 and a radio frequency receiver 103, both of which are connected to the radio frequency device 1 in various embodiments, such as the radio frequency device 1 comprising the first sets of antennas 2 and the second sets of antennas 20.
  • the radio frequency transmitter 102 is arranged to transmit electrical signals to the radio frequency device 1.
  • the radio frequency receiver 103 is arranged to receive electrical signals from radio frequency signals received by the radio frequency device 1.
  • the radio frequency device 1 is integrated in particular into an electronic device 100 which is a residential gateway.
  • the residential gateway here has a tower shape.
  • the radio frequency device applies beneficially to any electronic equipment requiring the combination of multiple radio frequency interfaces (in particular communication technologies exploiting different but adjacent frequency bands) and/or requiring the provision of a plurality of transmission paths on the same frequency band, all within a small space.
  • the first insulator 5 here has a "T" shape, but it is entirely possible for the first insulator 5 to have another shape.
  • the first insulator 5 could have three electrically conductive branches arranged so that said first insulator 5 has a "Y" shape.
  • the shape of the first insulator 5 can be adapted according to, for example, the specified performance of the radio frequency device 1. The same applies to the third insulator 33, which is similar to the first insulator 5.
  • the first insulator 5 is not necessarily fixed to the same support as the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b.
  • the first insulator 5 could be fixed to a separate support, different from support 4 or support 54, and thus be suspended between the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b.
  • the third insulator 33 is therefore not necessarily fixed on the same support as that on which the third antenna 20b and the fourth antenna 20a are fixed.
  • the second insulator 18 is not necessarily fixed to a corner of the support 54.
  • the second insulator 18 could be fixed to a second auxiliary support, different from the support 54 and thus be held in the air for example on one side of the first antenna 2a or the second antenna 2b opposite the first insulator 5.
  • first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b are not necessarily fixed to the same support.
  • the first antenna 2a and the second antenna 2b could be fixed to separate supports while extending in the same plane.

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
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Claims (29)

  1. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung (1), enthaltend:
    - eine erste Antennenanordnung (2), umfassend eine erste Antenne (2a) und eine zweite Antenne (2b), wobei die erste Antenne und die zweite Antenne flach ausgebildet sind und sich beide in ein und derselben ersten Ebene (3) erstrecken, wobei die erste Antenne dafür ausgelegt ist, ein erstes Frequenzband abzudecken, wobei die zweite Antenne dafür ausgelegt ist, ein zweites Frequenzband abzudecken;
    - einen ersten Isolator (5), wobei der erste Isolator flach ausgebildet ist und sich in der ersten Ebene (3) zwischen der ersten Antenne (2a) und der zweiten Antenne (2b) erstreckt, wobei der erste Isolator (5) zumindest einen elektrisch leitenden Schenkel enthält, wobei es sich bei dem ersten Isolator um einen elektrisch erdfreien Isolator handelt, wobei der erste Isolator dafür ausgelegt ist, eine erste, durch elektromagnetische Strahlung verursachte Kopplung zwischen der ersten Antenne und der zweiten Antenne auf dem ersten Frequenzband und/oder auf dem zweiten Frequenzband zu verringern;
    wobei die Hochfrequenzvorrichtung ferner umfasst: zumindest einen zweiten Isolator (18) mit zumindest einem elektrisch leitenden Schenkel, wobei es sich bei dem zweiten Isolator um einen elektrisch erdfreien Isolator handelt, wobei der zweite Isolator auf einer Seite von einer aus der ersten Antenne (2a) und der zweiten Antenne (2b) ausgewählten, bestimmten Antenne positioniert ist, wobei es sich bei der betreffenden Seite der bestimmten Antenne um die von dem ersten Isolator (5) abgewandte Seite handelt, wobei der zweite Isolator (18) dafür ausgelegt ist, eine durch den vorhandenen ersten Isolator verursachte Änderung der Richtwirkung der bestimmten Antenne zu korrigieren.
  2. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, wobei das erste Frequenzband und das zweite Frequenzband durch einen Frequenzabstand von 0 MHz bis 1 GHz voneinander getrennt sind.
  3. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die erste Antennenanordnung (2) und der erste Isolator (5) auf einem Träger (4) positioniert sind, der aus einem dielektrischen Material hergestellt ist, wobei sich der Träger entlang der ersten Ebene (3) erstreckt.
  4. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der erste Isolator (5) einen ersten Schenkel (6) und einen zweiten Schenkel (7) enthält, welche beide elektrisch leitend sind, wobei der zweite Schenkel im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu dem ersten Schenkel verläuft und sich von einem Zentralabschnitt des ersten Schenkels weg erstreckt, wobei ein freies Ende (7a) des zweiten Schenkels einen offenen Stromkreis aufweist, wodurch der erste Isolator T-förmig ausgebildet ist.
  5. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, wobei es sich bei der ersten Antenne (2a) und bei der zweiten Antenne (2b) um flache Dipolantennen handelt, die jeweils eine rechteckige Form aufweisen, wobei die erste Antenne dafür ausgelegt ist, ein erstes maximales elektrisches Feld entlang einer ersten Achse (E2a) zu erzeugen, wobei die zweite Antenne dafür ausgelegt ist, ein zweites maximales elektrisches Feld entlang einer zweiten Achse (E2b) zu erzeugen, wobei die erste Achse und die zweite Achse im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander verlaufen.
  6. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, wobei die erste Achse (E2a) und die zweite Achse (E2b) im Wesentlichen eine Ausrichtung von 45 Grad in Bezug auf den zweiten Schenkel (7) aufweisen.
  7. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, wobei die erste Achse (E2a) und die zweite Achse (E2b) im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu dem zweiten Schenkel (7) verlaufen.
  8. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, wobei das erste maximale elektrische Feld größer ist als das zweite maximale elektrische Feld, wobei ein Ende (6a) des ersten Schenkels (6) des ersten Isolators mit einem Abstand von 5 Millimeter bis 1,5 Zentimeter zu der ersten Achse (E2a) positioniert ist.
  9. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 8, wobei der erste Isolator (5) dafür ausgelegt ist, die erste, durch elektromagnetische Strahlung verursachte Kopplung auf dem ersten Frequenzband stärker zu verringern, wobei der erste Schenkel (6) des ersten Isolators (5) eine vorgegebene Länge aufweist, die im Wesentlichen zumindest einem Viertel einer ersten Wellenlänge λA entspricht, wobei für die erste Wellenlänge λA gilt: λ A = c ν 1 × εr wobei v1 eine erste zwischen einer Maximal- und einer Minimalfrequenz des ersten Frequenzbandes zentrierte Mittenfrequenz ist, und εr die dielektrische Permittivität eines Mediums ist, in welchem sich der erste Isolator erstreckt, wobei es sich bei dem Medium um einen dielektrischen Träger oder um Luft handelt.
  10. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 8, wobei der erste Isolator (5) dafür ausgelegt ist, die erste, durch elektromagnetische Strahlung verursachte Kopplung auf dem ersten Frequenzband und auf dem zweiten Frequenzband gleich stark zu verringern, wobei der erste Schenkel (6) des ersten Isolators (5) eine vorgegebene Länge aufweist, die im Wesentlichen zumindest einem Viertel einer ersten Wellenlänge λA entspricht, wobei für die erste Wellenlänge λA gilt: λ A = c ν 1 + ν 2 2 × εr wobei v1 eine erste zwischen einer Maximal- und einer Minimalfrequenz des ersten Frequenzbandes zentrierte Mittenfrequenz ist, v2 eine zweite zwischen einer Maximal- und einer Minimalfrequenz des zweiten Frequenzbandes zentrierte Mittenfrequenz ist und εr die dielektrische Permittivität eines Mediums ist, in welchem sich der erste Isolator erstreckt, wobei es sich bei dem Medium um einen dielektrischen Träger oder um Luft handelt.
  11. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 oder 10, wobei der zweite Schenkel (7) des ersten Isolators (5) eine vorgegebene Länge aufweist, die im Wesentlichen einem Viertel der ersten Wellenlänge λA entspricht.
  12. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 11, wobei der erste Schenkel (6) des ersten Isolators (5) eine Breite aufweist, die derart vorgegeben ist, dass die Kennimpedanz des ersten Schenkels im Wesentlichen der Kennimpedanz einer aus der ersten Antenne (2a) und der zweiten Antenne (2b) ausgewählten Antenne entspricht, wobei der zweite Schenkel (7) des ersten Isolators (5) eine Breite aufweist, die derart vorgegeben ist, dass die Kennimpedanz des zweiten Schenkels im Wesentlichen der Kennimpedanz der aus der ersten Antenne (2a) und der zweiten Antenne (2b) ausgewählten Antenne entspricht.
  13. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 11, wobei der erste Schenkel (6) des ersten Isolators (5) eine Breite aufweist, die derart vorgegeben ist, dass die Kennimpedanz des ersten Schenkels im Wesentlichen zwischen 75 Ω und 120 Ω liegt, wobei der zweite Schenkel (7) des ersten Isolators (5) eine derart vorgegebene Breite aufweist, dass die Kennimpedanz des zweiten Schenkels im Wesentlichen zwischen 75 Ω und 120 Ω liegt.
  14. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 3, wobei der erste Isolator (5) drei Schenkel enthält, welche alle drei elektrisch leitend sind und derart angeordnet sind, dass der erste Isolator eine Y-Form aufweist.
  15. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der zweite Isolator (18) nur einen elektrisch leitenden Schenkel (19) enthält, wodurch der Isolator eine langgesteckte Form aufweist.
  16. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, umfassend eine dritte Antenne (20b), die sich in einer zweiten Ebene (21) erstreckt, wobei der zweite Isolator (18) ferner dafür ausgelegt ist, eine zweite, durch elektromagnetische Strahlung verursachte Kopplung zwischen der dritten Antenne (20b) und der bestimmten Antenne auf einem von der bestimmten Antenne abgedeckten bestimmten Frequenzband und auf einem von der dritten Antenne (20b) abgedeckten dritten Frequenzband zu verringern.
  17. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 16, wobei der zweite Isolator (18) dafür ausgelegt ist, die zweite, durch elektromagnetische Strahlung verursachte Kopplung auf dem bestimmten Frequenzband stärker zu verringern, wobei der Schenkel (19) des zweiten Isolators (18) eine vorgegebene Länge aufweist, die im Wesentlichen einer Hälfte einer zweiten Wellenlänge λB entspricht, wobei für die zweite Wellenlänge λB gilt: λ B = c ν # × εr wobei v# eine bestimmte zwischen einer Maximal- und einer Minimalfrequenz des bestimmten Frequenzbandes zentrierte Mittenfrequenz ist, und εr die dielektrische Permittivität eines Mediums ist, in welchem sich der zweite Isolator erstreckt, wobei es sich bei dem Medium um einen dielektrischen Träger oder um Luft handelt.
  18. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 16, wobei der zweite Isolator (18) dafür ausgelegt ist, die zweite, durch elektromagnetische Strahlung verursachte Kopplung auf dem bestimmten Frequenzband und auf dem dritten Frequenzband gleich stark zu verringern, wobei der Schenkel (19) des zweiten Isolators (18) eine vorgegebene Länge aufweist, die im Wesentlichen zumindest einer Hälfte einer zweiten Wellenlänge λB entspricht, wobei für die zweite Wellenlänge λB gilt: λ B = c ν # + ν 3 2 × εr wobei v# eine bestimmte zwischen einer Maximal- und einer Minimalfrequenz des bestimmten Frequenzbandes zentrierte Mittenfrequenz ist, v3 eine dritte zwischen einer Maximal- und einer Minimalfrequenz des dritten Frequenzbandes zentrierte Mittenfrequenz ist, und εr die dielektrische Permittivität eines Mediums ist, in welchem sich der zweite Isolator erstreckt, wobei es sich bei dem Medium um einen dielektrischen Träger oder um Luft handelt.
  19. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 15 und 16, wobei der Schenkel (19) des zweiten Isolators (18) eine derart vorgegebene Breite aufweist, dass die Kennimpedanz des Schenkels im Wesentlichen der Kennimpedanz einer aus der bestimmten Antenne und der dritten Antenne (20b) ausgewählten Antenne entspricht.
  20. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 15 und 16, wobei der Schenkel (19) des zweiten Isolators (18) eine derart vorgegebene Breite aufweist, dass die Kennimpedanz des Schenkels im Wesentlichen zwischen 75 Ω und 120 Ω liegt.
  21. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 16 bis 20, wobei sich der zweite Isolator (18) in der Nähe einer Schnittlinie zwischen der ersten Ebene (3) und der zweiten Ebene (21) befindet.
  22. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 21, wobei der zweite Isolator (18) in einer Schnittebene (22) mit der ersten Ebene (3) und der zweiten Ebene (21) positioniert ist.
  23. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 21, wobei der zweite Isolator (18) eine abgerundete Ecke (23) zwischen der ersten Ebene (3) und der zweiten Ebene (21) bildet.
  24. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 16 bis 23, wobei die erste Ebene (3) und die zweite Ebene (21) senkrecht zueinander verlaufen.
  25. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 16 bis 24, umfassend eine zweite Antennenanordnung (20), welche die dritte Antenne (20b) und eine vierte Antenne (20a) enthält und der ersten Antennenanordnung (2) ähnelt, sowie einen dritten Isolator (33), der dem ersten Isolator (5) ähnelt und zwischen der dritten Antenne (20b) und der vierten Antenne (20a) positioniert ist.
  26. Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach Anspruch 25, umfassend einen Träger (40), welcher enthält: vier Seiten, mit zwei parallel zueinander verlaufenden ersten Seiten (40a) und zwei parallel zueinander verlaufenden zweiten Seiten (40b), zwei erste Antennenanordnungen (2), die jeweils auf einer separaten ersten Seite (40a) positioniert sind, und zwei zweite Antennenanordnungen (20), die jeweils auf einer separaten zweiten Seite (40b) positioniert sind, wobei die Hochfrequenzvorrichtung ferner umfasst: zwei erste Isolatoren (5), die jeweils zwischen der ersten Antenne (2a) und der zweiten Antenne (2b) einer separaten, ersten Antennenanordnung (2) positioniert sind, zwei dritte Isolatoren (33), die jeweils zwischen einer dritten Antenne (20b) und einer vierten Antenne (20a) einer separaten, zweiten Antennenanordnung (20) positioniert sind, sowie vier zweite Isolatoren (18), die jeweils in einer separaten Ecke des Trägers (40) positioniert sind.
  27. MIMO-System (101), umfassend eine Hochfrequenzvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 25 oder 26 sowie einen Hochfrequenzsender (102) und einen Hochfrequenzempfänger (103), die mit den ersten Antennenanordnungen (2) und mit den zweiten Antennenanordnungen (20) der Hochfrequenzvorrichtung verbunden sind.
  28. Elektronisches Gerät (100), das ein MIMO-System (101) nach Anspruch 27 umfasst.
  29. Elektronisches Gerät nach Anspruch 28, wobei es sich bei dem elektronischen Gerät (100) um ein Residential Gateway handelt.
EP22200222.2A 2021-10-15 2022-10-07 Isolierte hochfrequenzantennenanordnung Active EP4167378B1 (de)

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