EP4165768A2 - Messanordnung für einen umrichter und umrichteranordnung - Google Patents
Messanordnung für einen umrichter und umrichteranordnungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4165768A2 EP4165768A2 EP21745206.9A EP21745206A EP4165768A2 EP 4165768 A2 EP4165768 A2 EP 4165768A2 EP 21745206 A EP21745206 A EP 21745206A EP 4165768 A2 EP4165768 A2 EP 4165768A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- measuring
- unit
- converter
- designed
- arrangement according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009022 nonlinear effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/02—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass of auxiliary devices, e.g. of instrument transformers according to prescribed transformation ratio, phase angle, or wattage rating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/539—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency
- H02M7/5395—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters with automatic control of output wave form or frequency by pulse-width modulation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/003—Measuring mean values of current or voltage during a given time interval
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0084—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring voltage only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0092—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring current only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/02—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0009—Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0012—Control circuits using digital or numerical techniques
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
- G01R21/06—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by measuring current and voltage
Definitions
- the invention relates to a measuring arrangement for a converter and a converter arrangement with such a measuring arrangement.
- Measurement arrangements for determining the power transmitted by an electrical converter are known from the prior art. Usually, the current and voltage are measured on the alternating current side or on the direct current side of the converter, and the transmitted power is determined from this. This is possible with a high degree of accuracy in the case of interference-free harmonic signals.
- Such high-frequency switched converter units have several electronically controlled half bridges, which are switched on and off by an electronic control unit in a modulation process, for example pulse width modulation (PWM), with control signals staggered in time.
- PWM pulse width modulation
- the semiconductor switches of the half-bridges switch the input voltage on and off with a high and time-controlled switching frequency; the generated alternating voltage is thus composed of small pulses of different widths, which are fed to a choke, so that an approximately sinusoidal output current is established.
- the switching frequency of the half bridges is significantly higher than the frequency of the useful signal. This high switching frequency has an impact on the generated output signal, so that it is subject to harmonics.
- the harmonics cause losses, so that the switched electrical power and other electrical parameters can only be determined with difficulty in converters of this type. For example, it is difficult to determine the operating point and efficiency of an electrical machine when measuring the electrical parameters on the machine input side, since such a measurement has to take place in a specific frequency range and does not take into account the power of the harmonics. As a result, the parameters and machine parameters required for regulating the electrical machine are subject to great uncertainties. It is practically impossible to determine non-linear effects via current and switching frequency.
- a measuring arrangement is designed to determine the electrical power of a switched electrical converter unit, in which at least two electronic half-bridges are switched by a control unit in a modulation method with control signals that are offset in time.
- the half bridges can each have two semiconductor switches, in particular SiC or GaN semiconductor switches.
- Such semiconductor switches can consist of several components and in particular comprise free-wheeling diodes arranged in parallel.
- the converter unit can be a switched inverter arrangement for converting a direct voltage Vdc into an alternating voltage V ac .
- the converter unit can also be a switched rectifier arrangement for converting an alternating voltage V ac into a direct voltage Vdc.
- the converter unit can also be a switched DC voltage converter for converting a first DC voltage Vi into a second DC voltage ⁇ .
- the measuring arrangement according to the invention comprises a measuring unit which is connected to current sensors which are designed to measure the bridge currents in the output or input lines of the half-bridges of the converter unit. Interfaces of the converter unit can be used for this purpose.
- the current sensors can be highly dynamic sensors, the measuring frequency of which is at least as high as or higher than the switching frequency of the PWM method.
- the current sensors can be arranged in the output or input lines of the half-bridges of the converter unit.
- control unit and the measuring unit can be designed as electronic data processing units.
- the control unit and the measuring unit can be designed as separate and independent units, so that an existing converter arrangement with a control unit can be supplemented by a compatible measuring unit for power measurement.
- the control unit and the measuring unit can be integrated in a common unit.
- the measuring unit is connected to the control unit for time synchronization. As a result, the times of the PWM control signals defined by the control unit can be transmitted to the measuring unit.
- the measuring unit is designed to define measuring times of the current sensors, which are time-synchronized with the control signals of the half-bridges. It is thereby achieved that measured values of the current sensors are taken into account at those times at which the corresponding half-bridge is activated, that is to say is live. In this way, the electrical current supplied or drawn by the half bridge can be measured in each pulse of the PWM method. Consequently, when calculating the electrical power, the currents of each individual half-bridge of the converter unit can be taken into account, which results in a more precise power measurement than if only the resulting total current were taken into account. In particular, this enables dead times between the bridge switches to be taken into account.
- the measuring unit can be designed to interrogate the current sensors with a measuring frequency which corresponds approximately to the frequency of the control signals.
- the control unit or the measuring unit defines measuring times in advance which are essentially in the middle of the switch-on duration of the control signals.
- the measuring unit can be designed to interrogate the current sensors with a measuring frequency that is higher than the frequency of the control signals.
- the measuring unit obtains several measured values during a PWM pulse and the measuring unit subsequently selects those measuring times that are essentially in the middle of the switch-on duration ton of the control signals.
- the measuring unit can also be designed to interrogate the current sensors during the activation period of the control signals at several measuring times and to average the resulting measured values during a PWM pulse. As a result, the mean current value of this PWM pulse can be measured particularly precisely.
- the measuring unit is connected to at least one direct voltage sensor arranged on the direct voltage side of the converter unit.
- the measuring unit can be designed to determine the switched electrical power from the measured bridge currents and the measured direct voltage on the direct voltage side. It is basically irrelevant in which direction the power flow is pointing; the converter unit can be designed as a rectifier or inverter.
- the total electrical power transmitted during a period of the useful signal can be calculated as the sum of the individual measured current values in the PWM pulses times the measured DC voltage, based on the respective duration of the PWM pulses compared to the period duration of the useful signal. In the case of a multiphase converter unit, this calculation can also be carried out for individual phases of the converter unit in order to determine the electrical power supplied or drawn for each phase.
- the measuring unit can be designed to take into account the electrical internal resistances of the semiconductor switches and other electronic components of the half bridges, for example free-wheeling diodes connected in parallel, when calculating the electrical power of the converter unit.
- the measuring unit is also connected to a direct current sensor arranged on the direct voltage side of the converter unit.
- the measuring unit can calculate the electrical power drawn or supplied on the direct current side.
- the electrical efficiency of the converter unit can be calculated by comparing it with the electrical power calculated on the AC side from the individual bridge currents.
- the invention also relates to a converter arrangement with a measuring arrangement according to the invention, wherein the converter unit can be a switched rectifier arrangement, a switched inverter arrangement, or a switched DC voltage converter.
- the measuring unit is preferably integrated with the control unit in a common data processing unit.
- the converter unit can be connected to an electric machine, for example an electric motor or an electric generator.
- the measuring unit can also be connected to the electrical machine.
- the measuring unit can be designed to receive mechanical measured values such as speed, torque, acceleration and the like and to calculate the mechanical power of the electrical machine from these mechanical measured values.
- the measuring unit can be designed for connection to external sensors of the machine.
- the measuring unit can be designed to receive thermal measured values such as the temperature of a motor winding, waste heat or temperature difference of a cooling medium of the electrical machine or the like.
- the measuring unit can also be designed to determine the mechanical power of the electrical machine from these thermal measured values.
- the measuring unit can be designed to determine parameters of the components of an electrical and / or mechanical equivalent circuit diagram of the electrical machine from the electrical or mechanical measured values.
- the measuring unit can also be designed to determine the efficiency of the electrical machine from the calculated electrical power of the converter unit and the calculated mechanical power of the electrical machine, that is to say the efficiency of the conversion of the electrical power into mechanical power or vice versa.
- the measuring unit can also be designed to determine parameters derived from the electrical and mechanical measured values, such as active power, reactive power or power factor of the electrical machine.
- the converter arrangement is used in an industrial application, a test stand for vehicles, or in a vehicle.
- the converter unit of the converter arrangement can also draw a direct voltage from a direct voltage intermediate circuit of a test stand or feed such a circuit.
- the DC voltage sensor can preferably be arranged in a central DC voltage intermediate circuit in order to be able to easily calculate the electrical power drawn or supplied by the converter unit.
- FIG. 1a shows an embodiment of an embodiment of a measuring arrangement according to the invention as a schematic block diagram with an electrical machine
- FIG. 1b shows an embodiment of an embodiment of a measuring arrangement according to the invention as a schematic circuit diagram
- FIG. 1c shows a further exemplary embodiment of an embodiment of a measuring arrangement according to the invention as a schematic circuit diagram
- 2a shows schematically the course of the control signals and the resulting current in the output line of the half bridges in an embodiment of a measuring arrangement according to the invention
- 2b shows schematically the course of the control signals and the resulting current in the output line of the half bridges in a further embodiment of a measuring arrangement according to the invention
- FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a further embodiment of a measuring arrangement according to the invention as a schematic circuit diagram
- FIG. 4 shows an exemplary embodiment of an embodiment of a converter arrangement according to the invention as a schematic block diagram.
- FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of an embodiment of a measuring arrangement according to the invention as a schematic block diagram with an inverter arrangement
- 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of an embodiment of a measuring arrangement according to the invention as a schematic block diagram with a switched DC voltage converter.
- the measuring arrangement comprises an electronic measuring unit 1 which is connected via interfaces to current sensors 6, 6 ‘(not shown) in an electrical converter unit 2.
- the measuring unit 1 is connected via interfaces to sensors for measuring mechanical variables of an electrical machine 7, namely the speed, the acceleration, the torque and the waste heat of the electrical machine.
- the converter unit 2 is a switched inverter arrangement which converts a direct voltage Vi made available by a battery into an alternating voltage V ac for operating the electrical machine 7.
- the converter unit 2 comprises two electronic half bridges 3, 3 ', which are switched by an electronic control unit 4 in a modulation process with control signals that are offset in time.
- the control unit 4 and the measuring unit 1 are designed as separate units.
- the control unit 4 calculates trigger times for controlling the electronic half-bridges 3, 3 'of the converter unit 2 and makes them available to the converter unit 2.
- the current sensors 6, 6 'are for measuring the Bridge currents in the output or input lines of the half bridges 3, 3 'of the converter unit 2 are arranged.
- the measuring unit 1 is connected to the control unit 4 for time synchronization and is designed to define measuring times 8, 8 of the current sensors 6, 6, which are synchronized in time with the control signals of the half bridges 3, 3 ‘. As a result, the measuring unit 1 can detect the current values precisely when the PWM control signals activate the respective half-bridge.
- FIG. 1b shows an exemplary embodiment of an embodiment of a measuring arrangement according to the invention as a schematic circuit diagram.
- the internal structure of the converter unit 2, which here works as an inverter is shown schematically.
- the half bridges 3, 3 'each include two electronic semiconductor switches, namely - depending on the desired voltage range and desired dynamics - SiC or GaN transistors Qi, Cte, Qi ‘, Cte' with free-wheeling diodes connected in parallel (not shown for reasons of clarity). These semiconductor switches are connected to the control unit 4 via control lines.
- a direct voltage sensor 10 On the input side, that is to say on the side of the direct voltage Vi, a direct voltage sensor 10 is arranged.
- current sensors 6, 6 'with high dynamics are arranged in the two output lines of the half bridges 3, 3'.
- the DC voltage sensor 10 and the current sensors 6, 6 ' are connected to the measuring unit 1 via data lines.
- the control unit 4 provides the measuring unit 1 with a trigger signal in order to enable the current measurement to be synchronized with the PWM control signals.
- FIG. 1c shows a further exemplary embodiment of an embodiment of a measuring arrangement according to the invention as a schematic circuit diagram.
- This embodiment corresponds essentially to that from FIG. 1b, but the control unit 4 comprises the measuring unit 1, in other words, the function of the measuring unit 1 is taken over by the control unit 4 in this exemplary embodiment.
- 2a shows schematically the course of the control signals of the switches Q1, Q2 'or Q2, Q1' and the resulting current I3 in the output line of the left half bridges 3 of the circuit from FIG. 1b.
- the PWM control signals of the switches are shown with solid lines.
- the control unit 4 controls the semiconductor switches with PWM-modulated signals in such a way that an approximately sinusoidal current profile results in the output line.
- the dashed lines show the measurement times 8, 8 'of the current sensors 6, 6'.
- the measuring unit 1 queries the current sensors at a frequency which corresponds approximately to the frequency of the control signals, so that a current measurement takes place in each of the PWM control signals.
- the current value measured per period T is represented by a point.
- the period duration of the PWM control signals is marked with the symbol T.
- the measuring unit 1 knows the expected profile of the control signals and defines measurement times 8, 8 ‘in advance, which are essentially in the middle of the switch-on duration ton of the control signals. Consequently, in this embodiment, the current sensors 6, 6 'must be designed for a frequency which corresponds to the frequency of the PWM control signals.
- the transmitted electrical power of the output signal is calculated as the sum of the number M of half bridges and the number N of PWM pulses per period of the output signal Tout from the mean measured bridge current lij per half bridge and the direct voltage Vij measured in the current pulse on the direct voltage side of the converter unit , whereby the DC voltage Vi j measured in the current pulse can also be assumed to be constant if necessary:
- the calculated transmitted electrical power can be compared as a result of the mechanical power calculated from the mechanical variables of the electrical machine 7.
- An efficiency of the electrical machine 7 can be calculated from the ratio of the mechanical power to the electrical power.
- the mechanical power of the electrical machine 7 can also be determined from the measured waste heat.
- Fig. 2b shows schematically the course of the control signals and the resulting current in the output line of the half bridges in a further embodiment of a measuring arrangement according to the invention.
- the measuring unit 1 queries the current sensors 6, 6 ‘with a measuring frequency that is significantly higher than the frequency of the control signals, as can be seen from the numerous dashed lines. Only afterwards, that is to say in a post-processing step, does the measuring unit 1 select those measuring times 8, 8 ‘that are essentially in the middle of the switch-on duration ton of the control signals.
- the transmitted electrical power of the output signal is also calculated here according to the above formula. This allows the power measurement to be flexibly adapted to the PWM method; however, requires the use of highly dynamic current sensors.
- Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a further embodiment of a measuring arrangement according to the invention as a schematic circuit diagram.
- the converter unit 2 is designed as a 3-phase inverter which converts a direct voltage Vi into a 3-phase alternating voltage by means of six half-bridges 3, 3 ', 3a, 3a', 3b, 3b 'arranged in parallel and electronically controlled by the control unit 4 converts with phases L1, L2, L3.
- Two half bridges are connected together via current-compensated interleaving chokes 9, 9 ', 9a, 9a', 9b, 9b 'in order to enable a smooth current transfer between the half bridges.
- a current sensor 6, 6 ', 6a, 6a', 6b, 6b ' is arranged in each output line of the half bridges; the input DC voltage is measured via a DC voltage sensor 10.
- the measuring unit 1 is again integrated into the control unit 4.
- the measuring unit 1 is designed to use the synchronized measured values of the current sensors 6, 6 ', 6a, 6a', 6b, 6b 'and the DC voltage sensor 10, the electrical power of each phase L1, L2,
- the converter arrangement comprises a measuring arrangement and two converter units 2, 2, which work as an inverter and a downstream rectifier.
- the measuring unit 1 is again integrated into the control unit 4.
- two electronic half bridges 3, 3 are switched by a control unit 4 in a modulation process with control signals that are offset in time.
- the two converter units 2, 2 ‘thus form a DC voltage converter which converts the DC voltage Vi to the DC voltage V2.
- the invention is not restricted to the present exemplary embodiments, but rather comprises all devices and methods within the scope of the following patent claims.
- the invention is not limited to the use of pulse width modulation methods with a constant switching frequency, but also includes the use of pulse width modulation methods with a variable switching frequency. Terms used herein are not intended to be interpreted too narrowly.
- the specific circuit implementation of the inverter or rectifier arrangement is also not essential to the invention.
- Converter units provided according to the invention in the form of inverter or rectifier arrangements or DC voltage converters can always provide internal galvanic isolation and can be provided for medium to high electrical outputs, for example outputs in the range from 10 kW to 100 kW with a DC voltage of 12V, 24V, 48V, 230V or 850 V or up to 300 kVA AC power.
- FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of an embodiment of a measuring arrangement according to the invention as a schematic block diagram.
- This exemplary embodiment differs from that described in FIG. 1 a in that an inverter arrangement 11 is tested instead of an electrical machine 7.
- the measuring arrangement comprises an electronic measuring unit 1 which is connected via interfaces to current sensors 6, 6 ‘(not shown) in an electrical converter unit 2.
- the measuring unit 1 is connected via interfaces to sensors for measuring electrical quantities of the inverter arrangement 11 to be tested, namely direct current Idc and direct voltage Vdc.
- the converter unit 2 is a switched inverter arrangement which converts a direct voltage Vi made available by a battery into an alternating voltage V ac for operating the inverter arrangement 11 to be tested.
- the converter unit 2 comprises two electronic half bridges 3, 3 ', which are switched by an electronic control unit 4 in a modulation process with control signals that are offset in time.
- the control unit 4 and the measuring unit 1 are designed as separate units.
- the control unit 4 calculates trigger times for controlling the electronic half-bridges 3, 3 'of the converter unit 2 and makes them available to the converter unit 2.
- the Current sensors 6, 6 ' are arranged in the output or input lines of half-bridges 3, 3' of converter unit 2 to measure the bridge currents.
- the measuring unit 1 is connected to the control unit 4 for time synchronization and is designed to define measuring times 8, 8 of the current sensors 6, 6, which are synchronized in time with the control signals of the half bridges 3, 3 ‘. As a result, the measuring unit 1 can detect the current values precisely when the PWM control signals activate the respective half-bridge.
- the inverter arrangement 11 to be tested is, in particular, a converter assigned to an electrical machine.
- FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of an embodiment of a measuring arrangement according to the invention as a schematic block diagram, in which a switched DC voltage converter 12 is tested.
- the measuring arrangement comprises an electronic measuring unit 1 which is connected via interfaces to current sensors 6, 6 ‘(not shown) in an electrical converter unit 2.
- the measuring unit 1 is connected via interfaces to sensors for measuring electrical quantities of the switched direct voltage converters 12 to be tested, namely direct current Idc2 and direct voltage Udc2.
- the converter unit 2 is also a switched DC voltage converter which converts a DC voltage Vi provided by a battery into a DC voltage Vdc for operating the switched DC voltage converter 12 to be tested.
- the converter unit 2 comprises two electronic half bridges 3, 3 ', which are switched by an electronic control unit 4 in a modulation process with control signals that are offset in time.
- the control unit 4 and the measuring unit 1 are designed as separate units.
- the control unit 4 calculates trigger times for controlling the electronic half-bridges 3, 3 'of the converter unit 2 and makes them available to the converter unit 2.
- the current sensors 6, 6 ' are arranged in the output or input lines of the half-bridges 3, 3' of the converter unit 2 for measuring the bridge currents.
- the measuring unit 1 is connected to the control unit 4 for time synchronization and is designed to define measuring times 8, 8 'of the current sensors 6, 6' that are time-synchronized with the control signals of the half-bridges 3, 3 '. As a result, the measuring unit 1 can detect the current values precisely when the PWM control signals activate the respective half-bridge.
- the switched DC / DC converter 12 to be tested is in particular a DC / DC converter in the vehicle connected downstream of a fuel cell or a DC / DC converter in a DC charging infrastructure.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA50516/2020A AT523994B1 (de) | 2020-06-16 | 2020-06-16 | Messanordnung für einen Umrichter und Umrichteranordnung |
PCT/AT2021/060204 WO2021253064A2 (de) | 2020-06-16 | 2021-06-16 | Messanordnung für einen umrichter und umrichteranordnung |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4165768A2 true EP4165768A2 (de) | 2023-04-19 |
Family
ID=77020990
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP21745206.9A Pending EP4165768A2 (de) | 2020-06-16 | 2021-06-16 | Messanordnung für einen umrichter und umrichteranordnung |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230163699A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4165768A2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2023529678A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20230024403A (de) |
CN (1) | CN115917951A (de) |
AT (1) | AT523994B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2021253064A2 (de) |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7405494B2 (en) * | 2004-07-07 | 2008-07-29 | Eaton Corporation | AC power supply apparatus, methods and computer program products using PWM synchronization |
EP2555368A1 (de) * | 2011-08-04 | 2013-02-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur sicheren Überwachung eines Drehstrommotors |
JP2013143879A (ja) * | 2012-01-12 | 2013-07-22 | Panasonic Corp | インバータ制御装置 |
US9178437B2 (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2015-11-03 | General Electric Company | Apparatus and method for avoiding transformer saturation |
JP6685765B2 (ja) * | 2016-02-25 | 2020-04-22 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | パワーステアリング装置の制御装置、及びそれを用いたパワーステアリング装置 |
US10024898B2 (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2018-07-17 | General Electric Company | System and method for determining inductance in a power converter |
JP6861079B2 (ja) * | 2017-04-19 | 2021-04-21 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 電力変換装置 |
EP3651339B1 (de) * | 2017-07-04 | 2022-09-14 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Wandlervorrichtung und elektrische servolenkung |
EP3477314B1 (de) * | 2017-10-24 | 2020-09-30 | Mitsubishi Electric R & D Centre Europe B.V. | Verfahren zur online-überwachung eines zwischenkreis-kondensators |
RU195897U1 (ru) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-02-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Объединенный институт высоких температур Российской академии наук (ОИВТ РАН) | Компенсирующее устройство с функцией бесперебойного питания |
-
2020
- 2020-06-16 AT ATA50516/2020A patent/AT523994B1/de active
-
2021
- 2021-06-16 CN CN202180042303.8A patent/CN115917951A/zh active Pending
- 2021-06-16 US US18/010,471 patent/US20230163699A1/en active Pending
- 2021-06-16 KR KR1020237001672A patent/KR20230024403A/ko active Search and Examination
- 2021-06-16 WO PCT/AT2021/060204 patent/WO2021253064A2/de unknown
- 2021-06-16 JP JP2022575725A patent/JP2023529678A/ja active Pending
- 2021-06-16 EP EP21745206.9A patent/EP4165768A2/de active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20230163699A1 (en) | 2023-05-25 |
AT523994B1 (de) | 2022-07-15 |
KR20230024403A (ko) | 2023-02-20 |
WO2021253064A2 (de) | 2021-12-23 |
JP2023529678A (ja) | 2023-07-11 |
CN115917951A (zh) | 2023-04-04 |
WO2021253064A3 (de) | 2022-02-10 |
AT523994A1 (de) | 2022-01-15 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0709000B1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung einer m-pulsigen wechselrichteranordnung, bestehend aus einem master-wechselrichter und wenigstens einem slave-wechselrichter | |
DE102016100438A1 (de) | Leistungs-Stromrichter mit Vorkompensation für Totzeiteneinsatz | |
EP1538734A2 (de) | Stromversorgungseinrichtung | |
DE102009014769A1 (de) | Motorsteuervorrichtung | |
WO2014063855A2 (de) | Steuereinrichtung und verfahren zum regeln eines mehrphasigen gleichspannungswandlers | |
DE102021100922B4 (de) | Verfahren zur Ermittlung eines einen Gleichstrom in einem Inverter beschreibenden Gleitstromwerts, Inverteranordnung und Kraftfahrzeug | |
AT520392A1 (de) | Energiespeicheremulator und Verfahren zur Emulation eines Energiespeichers | |
EP3369167B1 (de) | Netzrückspeiseeinheit und elektrisches antriebssystem | |
DE102012200234B4 (de) | Verfahren und Steuereinrichtung zur Steuerung der Ausschaltgeschwindigkeit eines Halbleiterschalters | |
WO2021253064A2 (de) | Messanordnung für einen umrichter und umrichteranordnung | |
WO2019174931A1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum einstellen einer totzeit von schaltelementen einer halbbrücke, und wechselrichter | |
EP2254233B1 (de) | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Umrichterschaltung sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens | |
WO2022243177A1 (de) | Verfahren zur induktiven energieübertragung zwischen einem fahrzeug und einem versorgungsnetz, fahrzeug, induktionsladevorrichtung und system | |
WO2013092130A2 (de) | Steuerung für einen wandler, wandler und steuerungsverfahren | |
DE102008018811A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Nulldurchganges des Motorstromes in einem pulsweitengeregelten Motor | |
DE102014007632B4 (de) | Verfahren zum Regeln einer elektrischen Maschine | |
EP2951917B1 (de) | Verfahren zum festlegen von ansteuerzeitdauern für einen wechselrichter zur verbesserung der strommessung | |
DE102021108698A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Wandlermoduls, Wandlervorrichtung mit einem Wandlermodul und Kraftfahrzeug mit einer Wandlervorrichtung | |
EP2048778B1 (de) | Verfahren zum Erzeugen von PWM-Signalen | |
DE102013219530A1 (de) | Ermittlung eines Stromnulldurchgangs eines Wechselstroms | |
EP2528217B1 (de) | Zweiquadrantensteller | |
DE102017221609A1 (de) | Kompensation von Nichtlinearitäten bei einer elektrischen Bestromung einer E-Maschine mittels eines Wechselrichters | |
DE102013216831A1 (de) | Wandlerschaltung und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen | |
DE102018204221A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Ansteuerung eines pulsbreitenmodulierten Stromrichters und pulsbreitenmodulierter Stromrichter | |
DE102011017705A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Drehfeldmaschine |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20230112 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20230503 |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20231218 |