EP4153912A1 - Thermische abluftreinigungsvorrichtung - Google Patents
Thermische abluftreinigungsvorrichtungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4153912A1 EP4153912A1 EP21728821.6A EP21728821A EP4153912A1 EP 4153912 A1 EP4153912 A1 EP 4153912A1 EP 21728821 A EP21728821 A EP 21728821A EP 4153912 A1 EP4153912 A1 EP 4153912A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- air
- exhaust air
- scavenging
- clean gas
- regenerator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
- F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
- F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
- F23G7/066—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel preheating the waste gas by the heat of the combustion, e.g. recuperation type incinerator
- F23G7/068—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel preheating the waste gas by the heat of the combustion, e.g. recuperation type incinerator using regenerative heat recovery means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/10—Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/14—Gaseous waste or fumes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thermal exhaust air purification device, in particular a regenerative thermal post-combustion device or thermal post-combustion device with regenerative exhaust air preheating (RNV).
- a thermal exhaust air purification device in particular a regenerative thermal post-combustion device or thermal post-combustion device with regenerative exhaust air preheating (RNV).
- RNV systems usually contain a thermal reactor for regenerative thermal oxidation to clean organic pollutants (VOC, volatile
- thermally oxidizable pollutants also referred to as exhaust gas or raw gas
- the thermal reactor in addition to a combustion chamber for oxidizing the organic pollutants at temperatures of, for example, around 850 ° C, the thermal reactor also contains regenerators through which the cold exhaust air to be cleaned and the hot, cleaned exhaust air (clean gas) flow alternately and which during the Intermediate storage of heat generated by oxidation from the clean gas and reuse to preheat the exhaust air to be cleaned.
- regenerators through which the cold exhaust air to be cleaned and the hot, cleaned exhaust air (clean gas) flow alternately and which during the Intermediate storage of heat generated by oxidation from the clean gas and reuse to preheat the exhaust air to be cleaned.
- Such an exhaust air purification device is described, for example, in DE 102015205 516 A1 and EP 1 312 861 B1.
- the pollutant content in the clean gas can be further reduced, as the cleaned exhaust air then flows through a cleaner regenerator and a cleaner antechamber.
- the exhaust air cleaning devices contain usually at least three regenerators or regenerator zones. Such a flushing system is disclosed, for example, in DE 102006034032 B4.
- the conventional flushing systems have a very simple structure and usually contain only one flushing air fan for supplying the flushing air from a flushing air source to the regenerator and a flap for opening or closing the flushing air supply line according to the operating phase.
- the purge air flow can be increased and / or the purge duration can be increased in such conventional purge systems, which, however, results in a higher energy requirement and / or an increase in the heat storage mass in the regenerator, which is why conventional exhaust air purification devices usually strive to get by with as little purging air as possible, so that usually only a limited reduction in the pollutant content in the clean gas is possible. It is the object of the invention to create an improved flushing system for a thermal exhaust air purification device with which a greater reduction of the pollutant content in the clean gas is possible.
- the thermal exhaust air cleaning device has a thermal reactor with at least one combustion chamber for thermal cleaning of an exhaust air to be cleaned and at least one regenerator, through which the exhaust air to be cleaned is supplied to the combustion chamber in one operating phase and a purified clean gas is discharged from the combustion chamber in another operating phase .
- the thermal exhaust air purification device also has a scavenging air system which has a scavenging air line for connecting the thermoreactor to a scavenging air source (in particular external to the thermoreactor) and is designed to supply scavenging air (from the scavenging air line) in a time-variable and / or to be introduced into the thermal reactor in a locally variable manner in order to flush air, in particular air polluted with raw gas, from the regenerator into the combustion chamber, in particular directly into the combustion chamber.
- a scavenging air system which has a scavenging air line for connecting the thermoreactor to a scavenging air source (in particular external to the thermoreactor) and is designed to supply scavenging air (from the scavenging air line) in a time-variable and / or to be introduced into the thermal reactor in a locally variable manner in order to flush air, in particular air polluted with raw gas, from the regenerator into the combustion chamber, in
- the regenerator is preferably provided or connected to an antechamber on its side facing away from the combustion chamber, via which, depending on the operating phase, the exhaust air to be cleaned is fed into the regenerator or the cleaned clean gas is discharged from the regenerator.
- the scavenging air line is connected to this antechamber and the scavenging air system is designed to introduce the scavenging air into the antechamber from the scavenging air line in a time-variable and / or locally variable manner during a scavenging phase in order to remove air, in particular air contaminated with raw gas, flush from the antechamber and the regenerator into the combustion chamber.
- an antechamber is understood to mean, in particular and preferably, an at least partially enclosed space which is arranged on a side of at least one regenerator facing away from the combustion chamber, is connected to the exhaust air supply line and the clean gas discharge line in a fluid-conducting manner and by means of fluid control elements (e.g. valves, flaps or the like ) can be separated from these lines.
- an antechamber also preferably has at least one inlet for scavenging air.
- the regenerator is not provided with or connected to such an antechamber.
- the scavenging air line is connected to the regenerator and the scavenging air system is designed to introduce the scavenging air into the regenerator from the scavenging air line in a time-variable and / or locally variable manner during a scavenging phase, in order to remove air, in particular contaminated with raw gas Air to purge from the regenerator into the combustion chamber.
- a time-variable and / or locally variable way of introducing the scavenging air into the thermoreactor should be understood to mean, in particular, the scavenging air during the scavenging phase or for at least 50%, at least 40%, at least 30% or at least 20% of a duration of the rinsing phase: - to introduce or initiate with a time-varying volume flow, mass flow and / or pressure profile; and / or to be introduced or introduced with a time-varying injection or introduction direction based on the antechamber or the regenerator; and / or to be introduced or introduced spatially distributed or spaced relative to the antechamber or the regenerator.
- the time-variable and / or locally variable introduction of the scavenging air into the antechamber or the regenerator allows the exhaust air remaining in the regenerator and, if available, in the antechamber to be flushed more effectively into the combustion chamber, so that lower pollutant levels can be achieved in the clean gas.
- no increase in the heat storage mass in the regenerator is necessary and this more effective flushing requires at most a slightly higher energy requirement.
- the introduction of the scavenging air into the antechamber or the regenerator which is variable in terms of time and / or locally, can be implemented in a simple and inexpensive manner in numerous embodiments.
- the exhaust air cleaning device preferably also has at least one exhaust air line for feeding the exhaust air to be cleaned into the thermal reactor (ie into the regenerator or, if available, into the antechamber) and at least one clean gas line for discharging the cleaned clean gas from the thermal reactor (ie from the regenerator or, if available, from the antechamber), with an exhaust air valve for opening or closing the exhaust air line being arranged in the at least one exhaust air line and a clean gas valve for opening or closing the clean gas line being arranged in the at least one clean gas line.
- exhaust air supply phase for supplying the exhaust air to be cleaned through the regenerator into the combustion chamber
- the exhaust air valve (and thus the exhaust air line) is open and the clean gas valve (and thus the clean gas line) is closed.
- cleaning gas discharge phase for discharging the cleaned clean gas through the regenerator from the combustion chamber
- the exhaust air valve (and thus the exhaust air line) is closed and the clean gas valve (and thus the clean gas line) is open.
- purging phase for purging air from the regenerator into the combustion chamber, the exhaust air valve and the clean gas valve (and thus the exhaust air line and the clean gas line) are both closed.
- regenerators or regenerator zones each relate to the individual regenerators or regenerator zones.
- regenerators can each be operated individually with one of the possible operating phases, with the associated clean gas and exhaust air lines both being closed for the regenerator that is in the flushing phase and the flushing air inlet from the assigned flushing air line is in operation.
- the invention is based on the knowledge that the flushing effect in the conventional exhaust air cleaning devices with conventional flushing air systems is also limited by an inadequate introduction of the flushing air, which results in a poor distribution and mixing effect, due to angled constructions with stagnation areas / dead air areas in the regenerator, which are caused by the Purge air cannot be reached or only to a limited extent, and through stationary exhaust air vortices in which no material transport takes place.
- the time-variable and / or locally variable introduction of the scavenging air proposed according to the invention can, however, better introduce the scavenging air into the antechamber or the regenerator, avoid stationary vortices and dissolve stagnation areas in the antechamber and / or in the regenerator.
- stagnation areas can be resolved by introducing the scavenging air in a locally variable manner in order to also introduce the scavenging air into the stagnation areas in a targeted manner, and / or by introducing the scavenging air in a pulsating manner in order to generate a propulsion jet that sets the exhaust air in motion in the stagnation areas .
- the introduction and distribution of the scavenging air can be improved by locally variable introduction, in that the scavenging air is introduced in several directions, for example via nozzles.
- the invention can in principle be used for any types of RNV systems.
- the invention is in particular in combination with thermal reactors with air control by means of horizontally or vertically operated poppet valves, vertically or horizontally or obliquely arranged poppet valves, pivoting flaps, orifice devices or
- thermoreactor does not have to be modified, but only the purge air system according to the invention has to be added.
- the thermal reactors of the exhaust air purification device according to the invention have at least one regenerator.
- the thermal reactors Preferably have three or more separate regenerators or one regenerator with three or more separate regenerator zones.
- all regenerators are preferably connected to a common combustion chamber and preferably also each provided or connected to their own antechamber, the antechambers of all regenerators or all regenerators each having one own scavenging air branch line are connected to a common scavenging air supply line to the scavenging air source, and are preferably also connected via their own exhaust air branch line and their own clean gas branch line with a common exhaust air supply line or a common clean gas discharge line.
- regenerator zones are preferably connected to a common combustion chamber and the air control for exhaust air, clean gas and scavenging air is preferably carried out via a common rotary valve, the rotary valve being divided into different zones for exhaust air, clean gas and scavenging air which are coupled to an exhaust air supply line, a clean gas discharge line or a purge air supply line.
- the two named variants of the thermal reactor can optionally also be combined with one another.
- the invention is not limited to special types of regenerators or their heat storage systems.
- the purge air is an air / gas / gas mixture that is as clean as possible and can, for example, include ambient air or fresh air (preferably filtered and / or preheated) and / or part of the air from the thermoreactor clean gas (e.g. after being diverted from a clean gas discharge line via the regenerator). If clean gas is used as scavenging air, the clean gas discharge line can form a scavenging air source within the meaning of the invention.
- the scavenging air system has at least one component in the scavenging air line which is selected from (i) one or more pulse generators for pulsing the scavenging air to be introduced into the antechamber or the regenerator from the scavenging air source and (ii) a scavenging air fan with a controller for varying the purge air delivery rate of the purge air fan.
- a temporally variable supply of the scavenging air in the form of a pulsating scavenging air flow and / or with a variable scavenging air flow rate to the thermoreactor and thus also a temporally variable introduction of scavenging air into the antechamber or the regenerator is achieved.
- the pulse generators can be used, for example, directly in the purge air line or in a bypass line to the purge air line.
- the purge air fan can be seen, for example, with a rotary frequency control (for example by means of a frequency converter).
- the Pulse generators can be provided in the scavenging air supply line and / or the scavenging air branch lines.
- the scavenging air system has a scavenging air inlet device between the scavenging air line and the thermoreactor, the at least one inlet for introducing the scavenging air from the scavenging air line into the antechamber or the regenerator and at least one variation device for varying the flow through the at least one inlet having introduced purge air flow.
- the scavenging air system preferably has several scavenging air inlet devices, each line between a scavenging air branch and the respective antechamber or the respective regenerator are provided.
- the scavenging air system preferably has a single scavenging air inlet device which is provided between the scavenging air supply line and the rotary valve.
- the scavenging air system of the exhaust air cleaning device can also have one or more pulse generators in the scavenging air line and one or more scavenging air inlet devices each with at least one inlet and at least one variation device between the scavenging air line and the one or more antechambers or the one or more regenerators.
- the at least one variation device has at least one component selected from a locking mechanism or a switching device and a throttle element and a pulse generator, as well as a controller for controlling this at least one component in such a way that the scavenging air flow rate is varied over time .
- the locking mechanism can for example have a solenoid valve, a flap or the like and can be opened and closed several times during a flushing phase.
- the throttle element can, for example, have a shut-off valve, a flap or the like, which is coupled, for example, to a lift control.
- the at least one variation device has one or more disruptive bodies for influencing the from the at least one inlet Purge air flowing into the antechamber or the regenerator.
- the disruptive body is, for example, a downstream disruptive body that is positioned downstream of the inlet within the antechamber or the regenerator, or a correspondingly formed bottom guide element of the thermoreactor.
- the disruptive body can be designed to be stationary or dynamic relative to the antechamber or to the regenerator.
- the disruptive body can be designed to be movable, movable, in particular drivable, movable and / or changeable and / or have or include at least one movable wing or guide element.
- the at least one variation device has at least one swirl nozzle connected to the at least one inlet.
- a swirl nozzle can be used to vary the direction in which the scavenging air is blown.
- the at least one variation device has at least one injector lance connected to the at least one inlet and having a plurality of openings that are non-uniformly distributed along the longitudinal direction and the circumferential direction of the injector lance.
- the injector lance preferably tapers in its axial direction, starting from the inlet, in order to increase the local variation in the introduction of the scavenging air.
- the injector lance is designed as a single-channel injector lance.
- the injector lance has at least two separate injector channels which run next to one another in the axial direction of the injector lance.
- the variation device preferably also has a duct regulator for supplying the at least two injector ducts with scavenging air alternately or only partially in time.
- the duct regulator has, for example, a multi-way valve or a fluidic switch.
- the at least one variation device has at least one fluidic oscillator.
- the scavenging air inlet device has a plurality of inlets which are spaced apart from one another and / or are oriented differently.
- the at least one variation device preferably has a duct regulator for supplying the plurality of inlets with scavenging air, alternating in time or only partially overlapping in time.
- the duct regulator has, for example, a multi-way valve or a fluidic switch.
- the invention also relates to a method for operating a thermal exhaust air cleaning device with a thermal reactor with at least one combustion chamber for thermal cleaning of an exhaust air to be cleaned and at least one regenerator through which the exhaust air to be cleaned is fed to the combustion chamber in an operating phase and in one another operating phase, a purified clean gas is discharged from the combustion chamber.
- the regenerator is preferably provided or connected to an antechamber on its side facing away from the combustion chamber, via which, depending on the operating phase, the exhaust air to be cleaned is fed into the regenerator and the cleaned clean gas is discharged from the regenerator.
- the method has the following operating phases: an exhaust air supply phase in which an exhaust air to be cleaned is introduced into the antechamber or the regenerator in order to generate an exhaust air flow through the regenerator into the combustion chamber; a clean gas discharge phase in which a cleaned clean gas is discharged from the antechamber or the regenerator in order to generate a clean gas flow from the combustion chamber through the regenerator; and a purging phase in which a purge air is introduced into the antechamber or the regenerator in order to generate a purge air flow for purging air from the regenerator and, if available, also from the antechamber into the combustion chamber, in particular directly into the combustion chamber, according to the invention, the scavenging air is introduced into the thermoreactor during the scavenging phase in a time-variable and / or locally variable manner (in particular from a scavenging air line that connects the thermoreactor with a scavenging air source, in particular a scavenging air source external to the thermoreactor).
- the same advantages as with the above-described exhaust air purification device of the invention can be obtained.
- the three operating phases relate to all regenerators or all regenerator zones, with each regenerator or each regenerator zone being in a different operating phase.
- the exhaust air cleaning device preferably also has at least one exhaust air line for feeding the exhaust air to be cleaned into the thermal reactor (ie into the regenerator or, if available, into the antechamber) and at least one clean gas line for discharging the cleaned clean gas from the thermoreactor (ie the regenerator or, if available, from the antechamber), with an exhaust air valve for opening or in the at least one exhaust air line
- Closing the exhaust air line is arranged and a clean gas valve for opening or closing the clean gas line is arranged in the at least one clean gas line.
- the exhaust air valve (and thus the exhaust air line) is opened and the clean gas valve (and thus the clean gas line) is closed.
- the clean gas discharge phase the exhaust air valve (and thus the exhaust air line) is closed and the clean gas valve (and thus the clean gas line) is opened.
- the exhaust air valve and the clean gas valve are both closed.
- Regenerators can each be operated individually with one of the possible operating phases, with the associated clean gas and exhaust air lines both being closed for the regenerator that is in the flushing phase and the flushing air being introduced from the assigned flushing air line.
- the scavenging air delivery rate in the scavenging air line is varied over time, for example by pulsing the scavenging air from the scavenging air source by one or more pulse generators and / or controlling a scavenging air fan to vary its scavenging air delivery rate.
- a scavenging air flow rate of the scavenging air from the scavenging air line into the antechamber or the regenerator is varied over time.
- a direction and / or a distribution of a purge air flow introduced into the thermoreactor via at least one inlet from the purge air line is varied in and through the thermoreactor.
- the scavenging air is introduced into the antechamber or the regenerator from the scavenging air line via a plurality of inlets, which are spaced apart from one another and / or aligned differently.
- the multiple inlets are supplied with scavenging air, preferably alternating in time or only partially overlapping in time.
- FIG. 1 shows an illustration of the construction principle of a thermal exhaust air purification device according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2A shows sectional views to illustrate a conventional purge air introduction of a conventional exhaust air cleaning device with horizontally operated poppet valves
- FIG. 2B shows sectional views to illustrate the introduction of the scavenging air according to a first exemplary embodiment of the invention for an exhaust air cleaning device with horizontally operated poppet valves;
- FIG. 3A shows sectional views to illustrate a conventional purge air introduction of a conventional exhaust air cleaning device with swivel flaps
- 3B shows sectional views to illustrate the introduction of the scavenging air according to the first exemplary embodiment of the invention for an exhaust air cleaning device with swivel flaps;
- FIGS. 4A and B show two variant embodiments of a pulse generator for a purge air introduction from FIG. 2B or FIG. 3B;
- FIG. 5 shows sectional views to illustrate a scavenging air introduction device according to a first embodiment variant of a second embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 6 shows sectional views to illustrate a scavenging air introduction device according to a second embodiment variant of the second embodiment of the invention
- 7 shows sectional views to illustrate a scavenging air introduction device according to a third exemplary embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 8 shows sectional views to illustrate a scavenging air introduction device according to a fourth exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 9 shows sectional views to illustrate a scavenging air introduction device according to a first embodiment variant of a fifth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 10 shows sectional views to illustrate a scavenging air introduction device according to a second embodiment variant of the fifth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 11 shows sectional views to illustrate a scavenging air introduction device according to a sixth exemplary embodiment of the invention.
- FIGS. 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B and 5 to 11 each being a side cross-sectional view of the regenerator and its antechamber with the scavenging air inlet device in a horizontal viewing direction and the lower partial figures each show a bottom cross-sectional view of the antechamber with the scavenging air inlet device in a vertical viewing direction.
- the thermal exhaust air purification device 10 contains a thermal reactor 11 for regenerative thermal oxidation (RTO) of combustible pollutants in exhaust air (also referred to as exhaust gas or raw gas).
- the thermoreactor 11 has a combustion chamber 12 and in this embodiment at least three regenerators 14 arranged below the combustion chamber 12, each of which includes a heat storage mass chamber filled with a heat storage mass and opens into the combustion chamber 12 Pre-chambers 16 arranged below the regenerators 14.
- a burner 18 protrudes into the combustion chamber 12 of the thermal reactor 11, to which fuel / combustion gas 19a and (combustion) air 19b are supplied via a gas supply 19.
- the burner 18 is used to burn the pollutants contained in the exhaust air to be cleaned (e.g. ethanol, Ethyl acetate, isopropanol, methane, etc.).
- the temperature in the combustion chamber 12 can be, for example, up to approximately 1,000 ° C. during operation.
- the antechambers 16 to the regenerators 14 of the thermal reactor 11 are each connected to a common exhaust air supply line 21 via an exhaust air branch line 22.
- An exhaust air source 20 for example in the form of an exhaust gas collecting and mixing device, feeds the exhaust air supply line 21 with the exhaust air to be cleaned.
- an exhaust air valve 23 is arranged to open or close the respective exhaust air branch line 22 and thus initiate or block the introduction of the exhaust air to be cleaned into the antechamber of the respective regenerator 14, depending on the operating phase.
- the antechambers 16 are each connected to the regenerators 14 of the thermal reactor 11 via a clean gas branch line 31 with a clean gas discharge line 30.
- the exhaust air (clean gas) cleaned in the combustion chamber 12 and cooled in the heat storage chamber 15 of the regenerator 14 is diverted through the clean gas discharge line 30 to an exhaust air chimney 34, via which the clean gas is released into the environment.
- a clean gas valve 32 is also arranged to open or close the respective clean gas branch line 31 and thus enable or block the discharge of the purified exhaust air from the respective regenerator 14, depending on the operating phase.
- thermoreactor 11 The mode of operation of such a thermoreactor 11 is fundamentally known to the person skilled in the art, which is why more detailed explanations on this are dispensed with.
- the exhaust air purification device 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 has, in addition to the components described and shown in the drawing, in particular numerous (control) valves, sensors (in particular temperature sensors) and air delivery units, which are omitted for the sake of simplicity.
- the positioning and construction of the exhaust air valves 23 and the clean gas valves 32 is basically arbitrary within the scope of the invention and can be freely selected by a person skilled in the art.
- main fans can be used in the clean gas discharge 30, 31 and / or the exhaust air supply 21, 22.
- the antechambers 16 can also be dispensed with, in which case the air controls then take place directly into / out of the regenerators 14.
- the combustion chamber 12 of the thermoreactor 11 can optionally also be provided with a hot gas discharge line 36 via which the hot exhaust air (hot gas) cleaned by thermal oxidation is passed past the regenerator 14 or the combustion chamber 12 before it passes through a regenerator 14 can be removed and fed to an energy recovery device.
- an energy recovery device is described in detail, for example, in DE 102015205516 A1. In this regard, reference is made to this document in its entirety.
- the exhaust air cleaning device 10 is provided with a purge air system 40-46.
- the antechambers 16 to the regenerators 14 of the thermoreactor 11 are each connected via a scavenging air branch line 42 to a (common) scavenging air supply line 41, which in turn is connected to a scavenging air source 40 (external to the thermoreactor 11).
- the scavenging air supply line 41 and the scavenging air branch lines 42 together form a scavenging air line within the meaning of the invention.
- the purge air source 40 provides a clean gas such as (filtered and / or preheated) ambient air or fresh air, which the antechambers 16 for purging air (in particular remaining uncleaned exhaust air) from the antechamber 16 and the respective regenerator 14 into the combustion chamber 12 can be forwarded.
- the scavenging air system also has at least one scavenging air fan 43 in the scavenging air supply line 41 for conveying the scavenging air from the scavenging air source 40 to the antechamber
- the purge air system can also use part of the clean gas as purge air.
- the purge air system can also have a further purge air supply line 4T for this purpose, via which the purge air branch lines 42 are connected to the clean gas discharge line 30 (as a purge air source within the meaning of the invention) and in which another purge air fan 43 'is provided for conveying clean gas as purge air to the pre-chambers 16.
- a branch line (not shown) is provided, via which the clean gas can be diverted from the clean gas discharge line 30 into the purge air source 40, in order then to be fed to the respective antechambers via the purge air line 41, 42.
- the functional cycle is indicated in FIG. 1 by the exhaust air flow 50, the clean gas flow 51 and the purge air flow 52.
- the exhaust air valve 23 is open and the clean gas valve 32 is closed and the purge air inlet blocked (first operating state for the exhaust air introduction phase)
- the middle regenerator 14 the exhaust air valve 23 and the clean gas valve 32 closed and the purge air inlet in operation (second operating state for the purge phase)
- the right regenerator 14 the exhaust air valve 23 closed and the clean gas valve 32 opened and the purge air inlet blocked (third operating state for the clean gas discharge phase).
- the exhaust air to be cleaned is preheated by the left regenerator 14 in the exhaust air introduction phase and passed into the combustion chamber 12 (exhaust air flow 50), then cleaned in the combustion chamber 12 by oxidizing the combustible pollutants, whereupon the cleaned exhaust air is cooled by the right regenerator 14 located in the clean gas discharge phase and discharged from the thermal reactor 11 (clean gas stream 51) and conveyed to the exhaust air chimney 34.
- a portion of the clean gas can optionally be fed to the scavenging air source 40 (not shown) or can be fed to the antechambers 16 as scavenging air via the further scavenging air supply line 4T.
- the purge air is introduced into the central regenerator 14 in the purge phase in order to purge the uncleaned exhaust air remaining in the antechamber 16 and in the regenerator 14 after the exhaust air introduction phase (directly) into the combustion chamber 12 (purge air flow 52) and there also to be cleaned and then discharged as clean gas from the thermal reactor 11.
- the left-hand regenerator 14 changes to the flushing phase, in which it is flushed with scavenging air
- the cleaned middle regenerator 14 changes to the clean gas discharge phase, in which it is flowed through by the clean gas
- the right-hand regenerator 14 changes to the exhaust air introduction phase, in which the exhaust air to be cleaned is passed through it into the combustion chamber 12.
- the purge air system 40-46 of the exhaust air purification device 10 is designed such that the purge air from the purge air source 40 is introduced into the respective antechamber 16 of the respective regenerator 14 in a time-variable and / or locally variable manner during the flushing phase.
- the purge air system as shown in FIG. 1, in this exemplary embodiment has a purge air introduction device 45 on each of the antechambers 16 of the regenerators 14 for the special introduction of the purge air into the respective antechamber 16.
- the purge air system can also have at least one pulse generator 44 in the purge air supply line 41 for this purpose, depending on the embodiment.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 a first embodiment of a scavenging air system with a time-variable introduction of scavenging air into the antechambers of the Regenerators explained in more detail, with FIGS. 2A and 3A each illustrating a conventional purge air system to compare the mode of operation and FIGS. 2B and 3B each illustrating a purge air system according to the invention.
- 2A and 2B show an embodiment variant for a thermoreactor 11 with air control by means of internal horizontally operated poppet valves as exhaust air valve 23 and clean gas valve 32.
- thermoreactor 11 with air control by means of external swivel flaps as an exhaust air valve 23 and pure gas valve 32.
- the volume to be flushed is significantly larger and there are more corner areas that are difficult to reach by the flushing air. as illustrated in Figure 3A.
- propulsion jet nozzles 38 can additionally be used in particularly problematic corner areas of the antechamber 16.
- the time-variable introduction of scavenging air to achieve the advantages illustrated in FIGS. 2B and 3B can be achieved, for example, by inserting at least one pulse generator 44 in scavenging air supply line 41 or a pulse generator 44 'in scavenging air supply line 4T.
- the pulse generator 44, 44 'can be arranged directly in the scavenging air supply line 41, 4T, as shown in FIG. 4A.
- the pulse generator 44, 44 'can also be arranged in a pulse bypass line 46 next to the scavenging air supply line 41, 4T, as shown in FIG. 4B, whereby the level of the scavenging air flow rate can be increased.
- the time-variable introduction of scavenging air can also be achieved by one or more of the following measures: Temporal variation of the scavenging air flow rate generated by the scavenging air fan 43 in the scavenging air supply line 41, for example by varying the rotation frequency of the purge air blower 43, for example by means of a frequency converter; Temporal variation of the scavenging air flow rate from the scavenging air line 41, 42 into the respective antechamber 16 by means of pulse generators 44 in the scavenging air inlet devices 45 (as a variation device within the meaning of the invention);
- a throttle element e.g. control valve, flap, or the like
- a locking mechanism e.g. solenoid valve, flap, or the like
- an external control signal is used for the controlled or regulated commissioning and / or operation of the scavenging air system, in particular the scavenging air blower 43 or its frequency converter and / or the throttle element and / or the locking mechanism in the scavenging air inlet device 45.
- the control signal is preferably used to operate the purge air system in an efficiency-optimized manner, in particular to operate it in an energy-optimized manner.
- an energy-consuming element or an energy-consuming component of the purge air system can only be activated when necessary and / or in a targeted manner.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 two design variants of a second exemplary embodiment of a scavenging air system with a locally variable introduction of scavenging air into the antechamber of the regenerator will now be explained in more detail.
- the scavenging air inlet device 45 contains, in addition to the inlet 60 for introducing the scavenging air into the antechamber 16 of the regenerator 14, one or more downstream disruptive bodies 61 (as a variation device within the meaning of the invention) within the antechamber 16 for influencing the Purge air flow.
- the disruptive bodies 61 can be stationary or preferably (partially) dynamic (e.g. movable, movable, in particular drivable, movable and / or variable and / or by pressure- or volume-flow-induced rotor elements, movable wing or guide elements, etc.) relative to the prechamber 16. be designed or positioned.
- the scavenging air distribution into the antechamber 16 can be adapted to the chamber geometry. If the introduction of scavenging air into the antechamber 16 is also variable over time, a discontinuous supply of scavenging air can be achieved across the cross section of the antechamber 16.
- the scavenging air inlet device 45 contains, in addition to the inlet 60 for introducing the scavenging air into the antechamber 16 of the regenerator 14, a disruptive body 62 (as a variation device within the meaning of the invention) in the form of a floor of the antechamber that is at least partially designed as a guide element 16 or a correspondingly modified base element of the antechamber 16.
- the inlet 60 can preferably be provided with a flat nozzle 63.
- the scavenging air distribution in the front chamber 16 can also be adapted to the chamber geometry. If the purge air is also introduced into the antechamber 16 in a variable manner over time, a discontinuous supply of purge air can be achieved across the cross section of the antechamber 16.
- FIG. 7 shows a third exemplary embodiment of a scavenging air system with locally variable scavenging air introduction into the antechamber 16 of the regenerator 14.
- the inlet 60 of the scavenging air introduction device 45 is additionally provided with a swirl nozzle 64 (as a variation device within the meaning of the invention).
- the swirl nozzle 64 similar to the disruptive body 61, 62 in the second exemplary embodiment, adjusts the scavenging air distribution in the antechamber 16 to the chamber geometry.
- the flushing air can preferably also be introduced into the antechamber 16 in a time-variable manner.
- FIG. 8 shows a fourth embodiment of a scavenging air system with a locally variable introduction of scavenging air into the antechamber 16 of the regenerator 14.
- the multiple inlets 60 are spatially spaced from one another and are preferably also aligned differently.
- the inlets 60 can with simple Nozzles, flat nozzles, swirl nozzles, etc. must be provided.
- the flushing air is preferably introduced in a time-variable manner, in that the plurality of inlets 60 are supplied with flushing air alternately or at least only partially in a temporally overlapping manner.
- a duct regulator 65 is additionally provided in the scavenging air introduction device 45, which has, for example, one or more multi-way valves, multi-way flaps, fluidic switches or the like. Preferred fluidic switches are flat so that they can be attached in or on the partition wall of the antechamber 16.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 two design variants of a fifth exemplary embodiment of a scavenging air system with a spatially variable introduction of scavenging air into the antechamber of the regenerator will now be explained in more detail.
- the scavenging air introduction device 45 contains in addition to the inlet 60 for introducing the scavenging air into the antechamber 16 of the
- Regenerator 14 has a single-channel injector lance 66 (as a variation device within the meaning of the invention).
- the injector lance 66 has a multiplicity of openings which are distributed non-uniformly along its longitudinal direction and along its circumferential direction, so that the scavenging air is distributed into the entire antechamber 16 and adapted to the chamber geometry.
- the injector lance is preferably designed to taper in its axial direction starting from the inlet 60 or is designed with a tapering axial channel. In this exemplary embodiment, too, the introduction of the scavenging air into the antechamber 16 can also take place in a variable manner over time.
- FIG. 1 the second embodiment variant of FIG.
- the scavenging air introduction device 45 contains, in addition to the inlet 60 for introducing the scavenging air into the antechamber 16 of the regenerator 14, a two-channel injector lance 67 (as a variation device within the meaning of the invention), that is, the injector lance 67 contains compared to the first embodiment variant of FIG. 9, two (or even more) separate axial injector channels next to one another.
- Both injector channels have a large number of openings which are distributed non-uniformly along their longitudinal direction and along their circumferential direction, so that the scavenging air can be distributed into the entire prechamber 16 and adapted to the chamber geometry.
- Both injector channels are also preferably designed to taper in their axial direction starting from inlet 60.
- each of the injector channels of the injector lance 67 is connected to its own inlet 60 and the scavenging air introduction device 45 preferably additionally contains a channel regulator 65, Via which the plurality of inlets 60 and thus the plurality of injector channels are supplied with scavenging air alternately or at least only partially overlapping in time.
- the channel regulator 65 has, for example - depending on the number of injector channels - one or more multi-way valves, multi-way flaps, fluidic switches or the like.
- the scavenging air introduction device 45 is provided with a fluidic oscillator 68 (as a variation device within the meaning of the invention). If the fluidic oscillator has several oscillation nozzles for introducing the scavenging air, these can optionally be switchable (e.g. with an upstream multi-way valve or fluidic switch) and / or with different nozzle properties (e.g. oscillation properties, alignment, flow rate, etc.).
- the fluidic oscillator 68 can bring about an efficient adaptation of the scavenging air distribution into the antechamber 16 to the chamber geometry.
- the scavenging air introduction device 45 can also have a number of fluidic oscillators cascaded.
- a fluidic oscillator causes a locally variable introduction of the scavenging air due to a Coanda effect on the scavenging air jet introduced into its main chamber.
- the first to sixth exemplary embodiments can be combined with one another once or several times in any way.
- all embodiments of the variation over time of the scavenging air introduction can be combined with all embodiments of the local variation of the scavenging air introduction.
- Fig. 12 shows, by way of example, three types of Air control of the thermoreactor, with which the purge air system of the invention can be combined in an advantageous manner.
- Partial figure 12A illustrates the principle of air control by means of vertically aligned, horizontally operated poppet valves for exhaust air valve 23 and clean gas valve 32
- Such an air control system with horizontally operated poppet valves is described in detail, for example, in EP 1 312 861 B1.
- the scavenging air introduction device 45 is connected directly to the antechamber 16 in a horizontal or inclined direction.
- This air control system corresponds to that which is also shown in the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 2, 5-11.
- the thermal reactor contains three or more regenerators 14 equipped with this air control system in order to be able to perform the three operating phases alternately on the regenerators 14.
- Partial figure 12B illustrates the principle of air control by means of horizontally aligned, vertically operated poppet valves for the exhaust air valve 23 and the clean gas valve 32.
- the poppet valves 23, 32 open / close the connection of the respective exhaust air line 22 or the respective clean gas line 31 to the antechamber 16.
- the scavenging air inlet Device 45 is connected directly to antechamber 16 in a horizontal or inclined direction.
- the thermoreactor contains three or more regenerators 14 equipped with this air control system in order to be able to alternately carry out the three operating phases on the regenerators 14.
- Partial figure 12C illustrates the principle of air control by means of a rotary valve 25.
- the rotary valve 25 has a valve housing 251 to which the exhaust air supply line 21 and the clean gas discharge line 30 are connected and in which a rotary valve 252 is arranged.
- the scavenging air introduction device 45 in particular a pulse generator 44, 44 ′, can be integrated directly into the rotary slide valve 252 or attached to the rotary slide valve 252.
- the rotary slide 252 of the rotary valve 25 has separate passage segments and rotates about a vertical axis in order to alternately connect the various air lines 21, 30, 41 to different zones in the regenerator 14 via the passage segments.
- the thermoreactor contains only one regenerator 14 equipped with this air control system, the three operating phases being carried out alternately in the different regenerator zones.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020113657.9A DE102020113657A1 (de) | 2020-05-20 | 2020-05-20 | Thermische abluftreinigungsvorrichtung |
| PCT/DE2021/100434 WO2021233500A1 (de) | 2020-05-20 | 2021-05-14 | Thermische abluftreinigungsvorrichtung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4153912A1 true EP4153912A1 (de) | 2023-03-29 |
Family
ID=76197214
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21728821.6A Pending EP4153912A1 (de) | 2020-05-20 | 2021-05-14 | Thermische abluftreinigungsvorrichtung |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4153912A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN115769025A (de) |
| DE (2) | DE102020113657A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021233500A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4471329A1 (de) * | 2023-05-29 | 2024-12-04 | Taras Oleksandrovych Chernenko | Verbrennungsvorrichtung mit einem system aus gepulsten heissen zyklonen vom vakuumtyp mit gesteuertem sauerstoffzugang und funktion der wärmeerzeugung |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5460789A (en) * | 1991-12-20 | 1995-10-24 | Eisenmann Maschinenbau Kg | Apparatus for purifying pollutant-containing outgoing air from industrial installations by regenerative afterburning |
| DE19648508C1 (de) * | 1996-11-22 | 1998-06-10 | Duerr Systems Gmbh | Industrielle Abluftreinigungsvorrichtung |
| DE20118418U1 (de) | 2001-11-14 | 2002-03-21 | Dürr Environmental GmbH, 70435 Stuttgart | Abluftreinigungsvorrichtung |
| US20050139272A1 (en) | 2003-10-28 | 2005-06-30 | Thornton Lyman L. | Rotary air distributor |
| DE102006034032B4 (de) | 2006-07-22 | 2019-10-17 | Dürr Systems Ag | Thermische Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zur thermischen Abgasreinigung |
| DE102012218776A1 (de) | 2012-10-15 | 2014-04-17 | Dürr Systems GmbH | Anlage für das thermische Behandeln von gasförmigem Medium |
| EP2865943A4 (de) | 2013-03-25 | 2016-03-02 | Sintokogio Ltd | Wärmespeicherarteige abgasreinigungsvorrichtung |
| DE102015205516A1 (de) | 2014-12-22 | 2016-06-23 | Dürr Systems GmbH | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur thermischen Abgasreinigung |
-
2020
- 2020-05-20 DE DE102020113657.9A patent/DE102020113657A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2021
- 2021-05-14 CN CN202180036917.5A patent/CN115769025A/zh active Pending
- 2021-05-14 WO PCT/DE2021/100434 patent/WO2021233500A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2021-05-14 DE DE112021002859.6T patent/DE112021002859A5/de active Pending
- 2021-05-14 EP EP21728821.6A patent/EP4153912A1/de active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102020113657A1 (de) | 2021-11-25 |
| WO2021233500A1 (de) | 2021-11-25 |
| DE112021002859A5 (de) | 2023-03-02 |
| CN115769025A (zh) | 2023-03-07 |
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