EP4153415A1 - Extinction de feu ou limitation de depart de feu - Google Patents
Extinction de feu ou limitation de depart de feuInfo
- Publication number
- EP4153415A1 EP4153415A1 EP21726394.6A EP21726394A EP4153415A1 EP 4153415 A1 EP4153415 A1 EP 4153415A1 EP 21726394 A EP21726394 A EP 21726394A EP 4153415 A1 EP4153415 A1 EP 4153415A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- polyamide
- composition
- semi
- wall
- fire
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229920006012 semi-aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004953 Aliphatic polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920003231 aliphatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004954 Polyphthalamide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920006375 polyphtalamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006111 poly(hexamethylene terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006128 poly(nonamethylene terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthalic acid group Chemical group C(C1=CC=C(C(=O)O)C=C1)(=O)O KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 KYTZHLUVELPASH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006119 nylon 10T Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006115 poly(dodecamethylene terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 69
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 21
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 20
- -1 polyhexamethylene Polymers 0.000 description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 8
- ILRSCQWREDREME-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O ILRSCQWREDREME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 6
- RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene-2,5-diol Chemical compound OC(=C)CCC(O)=C RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000572 Nylon 6/12 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000001142 dicarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 229920000571 Nylon 11 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006152 PA1010 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006121 Polyxylylene adipamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004427 diamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- FJXWKBZRTWEWBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanediamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCCCCC(N)=O FJXWKBZRTWEWBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006396 polyamide 1012 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006123 polyhexamethylene isophthalamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- GVNWZKBFMFUVNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adipamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCC(N)=O GVNWZKBFMFUVNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000576320 Homo sapiens Max-binding protein MNT Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WPWNSTTVSOUHRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1-(aminomethyl)naphthalen-2-yl]methanamine Chemical group C1=CC=CC2=C(CN)C(CN)=CC=C21 WPWNSTTVSOUHRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- RMLFHPWPTXWZNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N novec 1230 Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(=O)C(F)(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)F RMLFHPWPTXWZNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
- A62C35/10—Containers destroyed or opened by flames or heat
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C33/00—Hose accessories
- A62C33/06—Hose or pipe bridges
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B25/08—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/14—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising synthetic rubber copolymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/03—3 layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2270/00—Resin or rubber layer containing a blend of at least two different polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
- B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/726—Permeability to liquids, absorption
- B32B2307/7265—Non-permeable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2439/00—Containers; Receptacles
- B32B2439/40—Closed containers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/10—Batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2605/00—Vehicles
- B32B2605/08—Cars
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
- F16L2011/047—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics with a diffusion barrier layer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of extinguishing a fire or limiting the start of a fire.
- the invention is particularly suitable but not exclusively for its application in the field of vehicles or motor vehicles and in particular in the field of batteries or battery packs for such vehicles or machines. It is also suitable for its application in the field of household appliances, in particular in the field of clothes dryers.
- a device for automatically extinguishing a fire or starting a fire is generally autonomous insofar as it reacts directly to the heat generated by this fire or the start of a fire.
- WO-A1 -91/08022 describes an extinguisher hose of this type.
- the hose is made from a thermoplastic material, in this case polyamide 12 (PA12).
- PA12 polyamide 12
- the thermoplastic material softens and internal pressure causes the hose to rupture so that the extinguishing fluid escapes from the hose and is directly applied to the source of the fire.
- Document WO 2015/045195 also describes an extinguisher pipe delimited by a multilayer wall consisting of a barrier layer based on an ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH), interposed between two layers of thermoplastic material, in particular based on a polyolefin.
- EVOH ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer
- semi-aromatic polyamides can be advantageously used as a barrier layer against fire extinguishing agents contained in fire extinguishing devices. More particularly, it has been shown that their use makes it possible to considerably reduce the permeability to fire extinguishing agents and therefore to improve their storage, and to increase both the efficiency and the reliability. of the device in the long term. Consequently, this solution also advantageously improves the impact on the environment compared to existing extinguishing systems.
- the invention has several aspects.
- the invention relates to a device for extinguishing fire, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising an internal cavity containing a fire extinguishing fluid, said cavity being delimited by a wall, characterized in that said wall comprises at least one barrier layer (b) containing a semi-aromatic polyamide composition (B).
- carrier layer is meant the layer constituting the inner wall of the fire extinguishing device according to the invention. This is in particular the layer which is directly in contact with the extinguishing fluid contained in the cavity.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide composition (B) contains a semi-aromatic polyamide containing at least one semi-aromatic polyamide (B1) containing C6 to C12 aliphatic diamine units.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide composition (B) contains a semi-aromatic polyamide (B1) containing terephthalic acid units and / or naphthalene dicarboxylic acids, preferably terephthalic acid units.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide (B1) represents at least 60% by weight of the total weight of the semi-aromatic polyamide composition.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide (B1) is a polyphthalamide (PPA), in particular chosen from PA6T, PA9T, PA10T and PA12T.
- PPA polyphthalamide
- it may be a semi-aromatic polymer composition (B) as described in document US 2019/0091962.
- the semi-aromatic polymer composition (B) comprises a semi-aromatic polymer (B1) or a semi-aromatic polymer (B2).
- the semi-aromatic polymer (B1) or the semi-aromatic polymer (B2) represents at least 60% by weight of the semi-aromatic polymer composition.
- the semi-aromatic polymer (B1) comprising at least 50% by number of moles of C9 or C10 aliphatic diamine units based on the number of moles of all the diamine units of the semi-aromatic polymer (B1), and at least 50 % by moles of terephthalic acid units and / or naphthalenedicarboxylic acid units based on the total number of moles of all the dicarboxylic acid units of the semi-aromatic polymer (B1).
- the semi-aromatic polymer (B2) comprising at least 50% by number of moles of xylilenediamines and / or bis (aminomethyl) naphthalene units based on the number of moles of all the diamine units of the semi-aromatic polymer (B2), and at least 50 mol% of aliphatic C9 or C10 dicarboxylic acid units based on the total number of moles of all the dicarboxylic acid units of the semi-aromatic polymer (B2).
- the semi-aromatic polyamide composition (B) comprises an elastomer (E).
- the elastomer (E) can in particular be an elastomer comprising structural units derived from unsaturated compounds having a carboxylic and / or anhydrous acid group.
- composition (B) It can be present in composition (B) in an amount of not less than 5% by weight and not more than 30% by weight.
- the wall delimiting the cavity of the device further comprises an outer layer (a).
- outer layer is meant the layer constituting the wall located outermost of the cavity delimited by the wall. The outer layer is thus not directly in contact with the extinguishing fluid contained under pressure inside the cavity.
- the outer layer (a) preferably comprises a thermoplastic polymer composition.
- thermoplastic polymer composition may comprise an aliphatic polyamide composition (A), preferably comprising a C6-C12 aliphatic polyamide (A1), in particular polyamide 12 (PA12).
- A aliphatic polyamide composition
- PA12 polyamide 12
- thermoplastic polymer composition comprises an elastomer (E).
- composition of aliphatic polyamide (A) comprises:
- an aliphatic polyamide (A1) which is an aliphatic polyamide having a number of methylene groups relative to the number of amide groups of not less than 0.8 and is contained in composition (A) in an amount of not less than 40% by weight and not more than 90% by weight
- An aliphatic polyamide (A2) which is a polymer distinct from polyamide (A1) and is contained in composition (A) in an amount not less than 5% by weight and not greater than 30% by weight
- An elastomeric polymer (E) comprising structural units derived from unsaturated compounds having a carboxylic and / or anhydrous acid group, and is contained in composition (A) in an amount not less than 5% by weight and not more than 30% in weight.
- composition of aliphatic polyamide (A) is as described in document US 2019/0091962.
- composition of aliphatic polyamide (A) can comprise:
- an aliphatic polyamide (A1) which is an aliphatic polyamide having a number of methylene groups relative to the number of amide groups of not less than 0.8 and is contained in composition (A) in an amount not less than 40% by weight and not more than 90% by weight,
- An aliphatic polyamide (A2) which is a polymer distinct from polyamide (A1) and is contained in composition (A) in an amount not less than 5% by weight and not greater than 30% by weight,
- An elastomeric polymer (E) comprising structural units derived from unsaturated compounds having a carboxylic and / or anhydrous acid group, and is contained in composition (A) in an amount not less than 5% by weight and not more than 30% in weight,
- the difference in absolute value between the solubility parameter PS of polyamide (A1) and that of polyamide (A2) [l (PS of polyamide (A1)) - PS of polyamide (A2) l] is not less than 1 , 8 (MPa) 1/2 and not more than 5.5 (MPa) 1/2 .
- solubility parameter is meant the definition commonly used in the field, namely the square root of the cohesion energy relative to the molar volume.
- the aliphatic polyamide (A1) is in particular a homopolymer, in particular chosen from the group consisting of polyhexamethylene dodecamide (polyamide 612), polynonamethylene dodecamide (polyamide 912), polydecamethylene sebacamide (polyamide 1010), polydecamethylene dodecamide (polyamide 1012) , polydodecamethylene dodecamide (polyamide 1212), polyundecanamide (polyamide 11) and polydodecanamide (polyamide 12), polydodecanamide (polyamide 12) being particularly preferred.
- the aliphatic polyamide (A1) can be a copolymer consisting of one or more monomers constituting the homopolymers listed above.
- the aliphatic polyamide (A2) is in particular a homopolymer, in particular chosen from the group consisting of polycaproamide (polyamide 6), polyhexamethylene adipamide (polyamide 66), polyhexamethylene azelamide (polyamide 69), polyhexamethylene sebacamide (polyamide 610), polyhexamethylene terephthalamide (polyamide 6T), polyhexamethylene isophthalamide (polyamide 6I) and polymetaxylylene adipamide (polyamide MXD6).
- the aliphatic polyamide (A2) can be a copolymer consisting of one or more monomers constituting the homopolymers listed above, or a copolymer based on a monomer chosen from the monomers constituting at least one polymer chosen from the group consisting of polycaproamide (polyamide 6), polyhexamethylene adipamide (polyamide 66), polyhexamethylene azelamide (polyamide 69), polyhexamethylene sebacamide (polyamide 610), polyhexamethylene terephthalamide (polyamide 6T), polyhexamethylene isophthalamide (polyamide 6I amide and polyamide 6I) MXD6), polyhexamethylene dodecamide (polyamide 612), polynonamethylene dodecamide (polyamide 912), polydecamethylene sebacamide (polyamide 1010), polydecamethylene dodecamide (polyamide 1012), polydodecamethylene dodecamethylene (polyamide 11undamide (polyamide 11
- the outer layer (a) is adjacent to the barrier layer (b). According to the present description, two layers are said to be “adjacent” if they are in direct contact with one another.
- the wall comprises an intermediate layer (c) between the barrier layer (b) and the outer layer (a).
- the intermediate layer (c) can in particular comprise a composition of thermoplastic polymer.
- the thermoplastic polymer composition may in particular comprise an aliphatic polyamide composition (A), preferably comprising a C6-C12 aliphatic polyamide (A1), in particular polyamide 12 (PA12).
- A aliphatic polyamide composition
- PA12 polyamide 12
- thermoplastic polymer composition can comprise an elastomer (E).
- composition of aliphatic polyamide (A) is as described in document US 2019/0091962.
- composition of aliphatic polyamide (A) can comprise:
- an aliphatic polyamide (A1) which is an aliphatic polyamide having a number of methylene groups relative to the number of amide groups not less than 0.8 and is contained in composition (A) in an amount not less than 40% by weight and not more than 90% by weight,
- An aliphatic polyamide (A2) which is a polymer distinct from polyamide (A1) and is contained in composition (A) in an amount not less than 5% by weight and not greater than 30% by weight,
- An elastomeric polymer (E) comprising structural units derived from unsaturated compounds having a carboxylic and / or anhydrous acid group, and is contained in composition (A) in an amount not less than 5% by weight and not more than 30% in weight,
- the difference in absolute value between the solubility parameter PS of polyamide (A1) and that of polyamide (A2) [l (PS of polyamide (A1)) - PS of polyamide (A2) l] is not less than 1 , 8 (MPa) 1/2 and not more than 5.5 (MPa) 1/2 .
- thermoplastic polymer composition of the intermediate layer (c) comprises an ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) copolymer.
- the wall comprises:
- a second adhesive layer (d2) interposed between the intermediate layer (c) and the outer layer (a), making the connection between the layer (c) and the layer (a).
- the wall comprises an intermediate layer (c) comprising EVOH and two adhesive layers (di) and (d2) as defined above.
- the adhesive layers (di) or (d2) can in particular comprise a polyolefin or a terpolyamide PA6 / 66/12,
- the wall comprises a barrier layer (b), an intermediate layer (c), and an outer layer (a), the latter possibly comprising a composition of thermoplastic polymer, in particular of a C6 aliphatic polyamide. - C12, more particularly of polyamide 12.
- the intermediate layer (c) is adjacent to the barrier layer (b).
- the intermediate layer (c) is adjacent to the outer layer (a).
- the wall comprises:
- barrier layer (b) comprising a polyphthalamide (PPA), in particular PA9T,
- an intermediate layer (c) comprising a C6-C12 aliphatic polyamide, in particular polyamide 12, and an elastomer (E); - an outer layer (a) comprising a C6-C12 aliphatic polyamide, in particular polyamide 12.
- the thickness of the different layers is not particularly limited and may vary in particular depending on the nature of the polymers constituting the different layers, the total number of layers making up the wall, the conditions of use, in particular the melting conditions of the wall or the desired mechanical properties.
- each of the layers is determined in particular as a function of the barrier properties with respect to the extinguishing fluid contained in the cavity, the resistance to impact at low temperature, and the flexibility of the wall.
- the thickness of layers (a) and / or (b) is between 3% and 90% of the total wall thickness.
- the thickness of the barrier layer (b) is generally between 5% and 50% of the total thickness. of the wall, and preferably between 7% and 30%.
- the number of layers constituting the wall is not particularly limited, as long as there is at least one barrier layer (b).
- the wall may include additional layers, other than layers (a), (b), (c), (di) or (d2), in particular additional thermoplastic layers, in particular for modulating the mechanical properties of the device.
- the nature, number and thickness of the different layers constituting the wall are chosen in particular so as to obtain a material, in particular multilayer, having the following properties:
- K an elongation at break less than or equal to 30% at a temperature below K, so as to be able to release said extinguishing fluid when the wall is mechanically stressed, K being between 45 ° C and 120 ° C, under ambient conditions temperature and pressure.
- ambient temperature and pressure conditions is meant a temperature of 25 ° C. and a pressure of 1 bar.
- the wall delimiting the cavity of the device and comprising in particular the layers (b), (b) / (a), (b) / (c) / (a), and (b) / (di) / (c) / (d2) / (a), is fusible under the effect of the heat generated by a fire or the start of a fire. It thus makes it possible to release the extinguishing fluid stored in the cavity as soon as a fire appears or a fire starts.
- the extinguishing fluid contained in the cavity delimited by the wall defined above is intended to extinguish a fire or the start of a fire. It is generally dielectric and advantageously devoid of any trace of moisture.
- the extinguishing fluid contained in the cavity of the device is in the conditions of use of the device.
- the extinguishing fluid is in the gaseous state. He is particularly under pressure.
- the extinguisher fluid can in particular be stored in the aforementioned cavity at a pressure of the order of 5 to 7 bars, at room temperature.
- the extinguishant fluid is in the liquid state and has a boiling point greater than or equal to 25 ° C, in particular to 45 ° C, and in particular greater than or equal to 120 ° C, under ambient conditions of temperature and pressure.
- the extinguishing fluid can in particular comprise at least one HFC gas and / or C6F12O, and / or CO2.
- said FIFC gas is chosen from FIFC236, R227ea and R125.
- the extinguisher fluid preferably does not include a FIFC gas of the R236Fa type because this gas has a very high GWP (Global Warming Potential) or GWP (Global Warming Potential) of around 9400.
- the extinguishing fluid preferably has a PRP or PRG less than or equal to 5000.
- the fluid can comprise at least one FIFC gas and / or C6F12O, and / or CO2.
- the gases R227ea and R125 are preferred because they have a GWP or GWP in the range of 3400-3500.
- the company DuPont markets, for example, gases of this type under the names FE-25 and FM-200.
- CO2 is advantageous because it has a GWP or GWP of 1.
- C6F12O is also advantageous because it has a PRP or PRG of 1.
- the company 3M in particular markets this type of gas under the name Novec 1230 (FK-5-1 -12).
- the device according to the invention is characterized in that it is in the form of a hollow tubular structure.
- the pipe has an external diameter of between 10 and 30mm, and preferably between 10 and 20mm.
- the wall has a thickness between 1 and 3mm, and preferably between 1 and 2mm.
- the device is in the form of a battery pack box.
- this housing defines an internal cavity for housing several rechargeable electric battery cells arranged one beside the other, said cavity, delimited by a wall, being sealed and filled with an extinguishing fluid, characterized in that said wall comprises a barrier layer (b) comprising a semi-aromatic polyamide as defined above.
- the device comprises at least one pressure sensor configured to measure the pressure of said fluid in said cavity.
- said at least one sensor is connected to remote communication means.
- the battery pack, device or hose can be fitted with an extinguishant pressure sensor.
- This pressure sensor is advantageously connected to remote communication means of the type for example RFID or radio.
- remote communication means of the type for example RFID or radio.
- the remote communication means cooperate with elements of the vehicle to alert the driver of the vehicle in the event of an anomaly.
- the driver of the vehicle could be alerted by a warning light on his instrument panel indicating that the pipe has an anomaly and must undergo a maintenance operation, which would consist in replacing it or filling it with fluid at an adequate pressure.
- the vehicle's electronics could be configured to turn the vehicle off or into degraded mode discouraging the driver from using the vehicle, until the hose undergoes this maintenance.
- the aforementioned elements of the vehicle could be connected to the pressure sensor of the pipe by a wired connection.
- the battery pack, device or hose can operate in the following way.
- Battery cells can heat up and expand, as described in the above. They can then mechanically constrain devices or walls of the housing, which will then rupture and release extinguishant fluid. From a certain temperature, for example above 70 or even 120 ° C, the devices or the fusible walls of the housing will soften and rupture due to the pressure inside the pipe. The extinguisher fluid is then released and is vaporized directly on the fire to cause its immediate extinction and therefore prevent its spread.
- the invention relates to a battery pack, in particular for a motor vehicle, comprising a device for extinguishing a fire as defined above, said device being in particular in the form of a hollow tubular structure. or a casing, said tubular structure or casing containing, in their internal cavity, an extinguishing fluid.
- the battery pack comprises a housing defining an internal cavity for housing several rechargeable electric battery cells arranged in the same way. next to each other, said cavity, delimited by a wall, being sealed and filled with an extinguishing fluid, characterized in that said wall comprises a barrier layer (b) comprising a semi-aromatic polyamide as defined above.
- the extinguishing fluid is thus directly in contact with the battery cells.
- the fluid can be in gaseous or liquid form.
- the battery cells are submerged or immersed in the extinguishing fluid.
- the volume of extinguishant fluid contained in the battery pack is for example greater than 1 L.
- the invention relates to a motor vehicle, comprising at least one fire extinguishing device as defined in the present description.
- the invention relates to a household appliance, in particular a dryer comprising at least one fire extinguishing device as defined in the present description.
- the device according to the invention may include one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation from one another or in combination with one another:
- the extinguishing fluid is in the liquid state and has a boiling point greater than or equal to 45 ° C, and preferably greater than or equal to 120 ° C,
- the extinguisher fluid has a PRP or GWP less than or equal to 5000
- the extinguisher fluid comprises at least one HFC gas and / or C6F12O, and / or CO2,
- said HFC gas is chosen from R227ea and R125,
- the device comprises at least one pressure sensor configured to measure the pressure of said fluid in said cavity
- At least one of the devices is an elongated pipe, the two longitudinal ends of which are closed,
- At least one of the devices is a sleeve crossed by one of the battery cells
- At least one of the devices comprises a zone of mechanical weakness so that this device breaks in this zone following a mechanical stress
- said wall extends above or below several battery cells
- said wall forms a cover or a bottom of said housing
- Said wall forms a rib or a protruding partition in said cavity, - the wall comprises a zone of mechanical weakness so that it breaks in this zone following a mechanical stress,
- each space extends mainly in a plane substantially parallel to the plane of the wall comprising this space
- the device is in the form of an elongated tubular pipe, the two longitudinal ends of which are closed,
- the device is in the form of a sleeve
- the device is in the form of a housing wall or a housing
- the device is preformed by thermoforming to adopt a shape corresponding to that in a desired position of installation, for example in said vehicle.
- the extinguishing fluid can be liquid or gaseous at atmospheric pressure and at ambient temperature; it is advantageously gaseous when it is intended to extinguish a fire or start a fire; it can therefore be liquid at atmospheric pressure and at ambient temperature and become gaseous at a temperature greater than or equal to 50 ° C for example, as is the case with C F O,
- the device comprises a fluid inlet and / or outlet port, for example at a first of its longitudinal ends,
- the device includes an inlet and / or outlet for fluid, for example at one second from its longitudinal ends,
- a fluid inlet and / or outlet port is located at a distance from the longitudinal ends of the pipe
- the or each port comprises a flap valve, this valve comprising a flap which is urged by an elastic member in a tightly closed position of said space, and which is movable from this closed position to an open position when A fluid is supplied to the space through the port and has a pressure greater than that of the pressure in the space.
- FIG. 1 represents the section of an example of a fire extinguishing device according to the invention in a tubular form, the bilayer wall of which comprises: - a barrier layer (2), and
- Sealed test pipes (1, 2 and 3), of known and identical dimensions (tube 400 mm long, internal diameter 15 mm, external diameter 18 mm, end fittings), each fitted with a barrier layer of different nature were 80% filled with a fire extinguishing fluid (HFC236), and maintained for a given time at a given temperature. Empty sealed pipes were used as control samples.
- HFC236 fire extinguishing fluid
- the 3 tested pipe structures have a wall thickness of 1.5mm. They have a distinct composition, in particular barrier layers of a different nature.
- Pipe 1 the barrier layer is a layer of PA9T, 0.3 mm thick
- the barrier layer is a layer of EVOH, 0.25 mm thick.
- the adhesive between the EVOH layers and PA12 is a PA612 copolyamide.
- Pipe 3 this structure does not include a barrier layer. It is a single layer of PA612, 1.5mm thick.
- Example 1 Fuse character of pipes 1, 2 and 3
- test wall structures have a fusible property at a greater or lesser pressure, under the combined effect of heat and the rise in pressure of the fluid. fire extinguisher, and in particular under the effect of a temperature greater than or equal to 80 ° C, or even 125 ° C.
- the weight of the test pipes was measured at regular time intervals at the set working temperature, until a stable state, that is to say a stage where the weight of the pipes tested no longer varies (deviation of less than 10% from the lowest value of the last 4 measurements).
- the table below shows the results of the permeability test for pipes made with different multilayer walls.
- the permeability tests were carried out at 80 ° C., at atmospheric pressure and for a wall thickness of approximately 1.5 mm.
- the wall 1 containing a PA9T / PA12 barrier layer has a lower permeability of 30% compared to that of the wall 2 containing an EVOH-based barrier layer and more than 4 times lower than that of the wall. 3.
- the results show that for a fusible character equivalent to that of the wall 2, the wall 1., provided with a barrier layer based on a semi-aromatic polyamide will allow the extinguishing fluid to be better stored over time and therefore improve the efficiency of the fire extinguishing device.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2005223A FR3110447B1 (fr) | 2020-05-20 | 2020-05-20 | Extinction de feu ou limitation de depart de feu |
| PCT/EP2021/063183 WO2021233934A1 (fr) | 2020-05-20 | 2021-05-18 | Extinction de feu ou limitation de depart de feu |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4153415A1 true EP4153415A1 (fr) | 2023-03-29 |
Family
ID=72356108
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21726394.6A Pending EP4153415A1 (fr) | 2020-05-20 | 2021-05-18 | Extinction de feu ou limitation de depart de feu |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230211196A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4153415A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN116096559A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3110447B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2021233934A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8926849D0 (en) | 1989-11-28 | 1990-01-17 | Melton David L | Fire extinguisher |
| US5909776A (en) * | 1997-04-16 | 1999-06-08 | Powsus Inc. | Fire extinguishers |
| US6161624A (en) * | 1999-11-29 | 2000-12-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Linear fire extinguisher |
| US6612243B1 (en) * | 2001-02-27 | 2003-09-02 | Aerojet - General Corporation | Fire extinguisher |
| DE60230940D1 (de) * | 2001-03-23 | 2009-03-12 | Arkema France | Mehrschichtiges Kunststoffrohr zum Fördern von Flüssigkeiten |
| CN101134844B (zh) * | 2007-10-11 | 2011-02-02 | 广东银禧科技股份有限公司 | 阻燃耐磨半芳香聚酰胺组合物 |
| US8211517B2 (en) * | 2009-06-08 | 2012-07-03 | Ei Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Multi-layered coextruded tube |
| KR101670191B1 (ko) * | 2013-09-27 | 2016-10-27 | 가부시키가이샤 니치보우 | 자동 소화구 |
| JP6362176B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-12 | 2018-07-25 | 株式会社ニチボウ | 自動消火装置とこの自動消火装置に使用する火災探知チューブ |
| CN109311259B (zh) | 2016-03-31 | 2021-05-25 | 宇部兴产株式会社 | 层叠管 |
| US11389681B2 (en) * | 2018-10-02 | 2022-07-19 | Tyco Fire Products Lp | Sprinkler assembly with cap and cover |
| FR3088215B1 (fr) | 2018-11-12 | 2023-05-12 | Hutchinson | Tuyau extincteur et son procede de fabrication |
-
2020
- 2020-05-20 FR FR2005223A patent/FR3110447B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-05-18 WO PCT/EP2021/063183 patent/WO2021233934A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2021-05-18 US US17/998,925 patent/US20230211196A1/en active Pending
- 2021-05-18 CN CN202180035837.8A patent/CN116096559A/zh active Pending
- 2021-05-18 EP EP21726394.6A patent/EP4153415A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021233934A1 (fr) | 2021-11-25 |
| CN116096559A (zh) | 2023-05-09 |
| FR3110447B1 (fr) | 2024-11-22 |
| US20230211196A1 (en) | 2023-07-06 |
| FR3110447A1 (fr) | 2021-11-26 |
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