Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
  • H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
  • H04B5/72—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for local intradevice communication
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
  • H04B1/06—Receivers
  • H04B1/16—Circuits
  • H04B1/18—Input circuits, e.g. for coupling to an antenna or a transmission line
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
  • H04B1/005—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
  • H04B1/0053—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with common antenna for more than one band
  • H04B1/006—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with common antenna for more than one band using switches for selecting the desired band
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
  • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
  • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

• the present invention belongs to the general field of telecommunications. It relates more particularly to a device for controlling the operation of a wireless communication device, as well as to an associated control method. It also relates to a wireless communication device comprising such a control device as well as a wireless communication system comprising such a wireless communication device.
• the invention finds a particularly advantageous application, although in no way limiting, for applications of the “Internet of Things” type (“Internet of Things” or IoT in Anglo-Saxon literature).
• TDD time division multiplexing scheme
• such an architecture comprises a front module (also called a “front end” module in the Anglo-Saxon literature) comprising an RF transmission chain (acronym for "Radio Frequency”) as well as an RF reception chain.
• RF transmission chain an RF transmission chain
• reception chain an RF reception chain.
• These transmission and reception chains are arranged between an antenna to which they can be connected by means of switching means, such as typically a duplexer, and an electronic signal processing unit, known as the “DSP” unit (acronym for DSP).
• DSP electronic signal processing unit
• the English expression “Digital Signal Processing”) capable of supplying a baseband signal to the transmission chain but also of processing a signal received via the reception chain.
• Each chain comprises a plurality of electronic equipment.
• such equipment is conventionally, in the direction going from the DSP unit to the antenna, a digital-analog converter, filtering equipment, such as for example a low-pass filter, a modulator and a power amplifier.
• This transmission chain can also include other equipment, such as for example a quartz oscillator, a frequency synthesizer, etc.
• the reception chain such equipment is conventionally, in the direction going from the antenna to the DSP unit, a low noise amplifier, a demodulator, filtering equipment, such as for example a low pass filter, and an analog-to-digital converter.
• this reception chain may include other equipment, such as for example a quartz oscillator, a frequency synthesizer, etc.
• the transmission chain is connected to the antenna, said other switching means make it possible to supply electronic equipment (power amplifier, digital-to-analog converter, etc.) during the transmission of a message, and, conversely, allow this equipment to be switched off when no message needs to be sent.
• the reception chain is connected to the antenna, said other switching means make it possible to supply electronic equipment (low noise amplifier, analog-to-digital converter, etc.) when receiving a message, and conversely, allow this equipment to be switched off when no message needs to be received.
• the object of the present invention is to remedy all or part of the drawbacks of the prior art, in particular those set out above, by proposing a solution which makes it possible, in comparison with the solutions of the prior art, to reduce the energy consumption of a wireless communication device comprising a conventional architecture to operate according to a TDD scheme, and in particular to reduce the ratio between energy consumption and range of a communication.
• the invention relates to a device for controlling the operation of a wireless communication device comprising an antenna, a front module configured for the transmission and reception of signals via said antenna according to a time division multiplexing scheme, as well as switching means able to configure said front module according to at least two modes, including:
• control device is intended to be integrated into said communication device and comprises a control module configured to control said switching means so that the front module alternates between said first and second modes and thus the communication device selectively varies its backscatter from an ambient signal.
• control device configured in software and hardware to create variations in the impedance presented to the antenna (ie attached to the antenna or even connected to the port of the antenna) equipping the wireless communication device.
• the invention therefore makes it possible to advantageously take advantage of these variations in impedance generated thanks to the control device so that the wireless communication device is able to backscatter an ambient signal emitted by a transmitting source.
• the backscattering of an ambient signal takes place between a transmitter device (in this case, in the context of the present invention, the wireless communication device equipped with said control device) and a device receiver separate from the source transmitting the ambient signal.
• the transmitting device uses the ambient signal to send data to said receiving device. More particularly, the transmitting device reflects the ambient signal towards the receiving device, possibly by modulating it. The signal thus reflected is called a “backscattered signal”, and is intended to be decoded by the receiving device (i.e. the receiving device extracts from the backscattered signal information transmitted by the transmitting device, for example in the form of bits).
• the transmitter device is therefore configured with a control device to interact variably (enter into variable resonance), via the antenna, with the ambient signal, so as to be able to pass from a first state associated with said first mode to a second state associated with said second mode.
• a control device to interact variably (enter into variable resonance), via the antenna, with the ambient signal, so as to be able to pass from a first state associated with said first mode to a second state associated with said second mode.
• These two modes differ from each other in terms of backscattering, so that they can be distinguished at the level of the receiving device.
• the receiving device for its part, is configured to decode the signal possibly backscattered by the transmitting device.
• this decoding is effectively implemented when the difference in electromagnetic power received by the receiving device, between times when the device transmitter is respectively in the first state and in the second state, exceeds a determined threshold, called “power threshold”, above the noise level of the receiver (which is constant). Indeed, if this power threshold is not reached, difficulties may arise on the side of the receiving device to detect that the transmitting device is in a backscattering state.
• the invention advantageously makes it possible to exploit the existing hardware and software architecture of the wireless communication device, the control module being able to generate impedance differences on the basis of this. architecture.
• the wireless communication device is offered an additional communication mode, namely therefore an ambient backscattering communication mode, in addition to the communication modes conventionally associated with a time division multiplexing scheme (ie data exchanges via transmission / reception channels and antenna radiation).
• the control device offers the possibility of reducing the energy consumption of the wireless communication device when it is appropriate for the latter to communicate by ambient backscattering, that is to say say, typically and as already mentioned above, when it is near a receiving device with which it wants to communicate and / or when it is near the emitting source.
• the invention makes it possible to avoid using a traditional mode of communication involving the use of a transmission or reception channel as well as the radiation from the antenna.
• control device may further include one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination.
• the ambient signal is backscattered under control of the variation in impedance controlled by said control device
• the front module comprises a transmission chain and a reception chain
• the switching means comprising:
• - first switching means configured to selectively connect the antenna to the transmission chain or to the reception chain
• second switching means configured to selectively switch off or power on a given electronic item of equipment in a chain, called a “processing chain”, from among said transmission and reception chains, said first / second mode corresponding to a configuration in which the processing chain is connected to the antenna by means of said first switching means and in which said electronic equipment is switched off / powered by said second switching means.
• control module to control the power supply of electronic equipment in the processing chain in order to generate the variation in impedance from which an ambient signal can be backscattered.
• the processing chain is the transmission chain and said electronic equipment is a power amplifier or a digital-to-analog converter.
• the processing chain is the reception chain and said electronic equipment is a low noise amplifier or an analog-to-digital converter.
• the front module comprises a transmission chain and a reception chain, the switching means being configured to selectively connect the antenna to the transmission chain or to the reception chain, said first / second mode corresponding to a configuration in which the transmission / reception chain is connected to the antenna by virtue of said switching means.
• Such arrangements therefore allow the control module to control the connection of the transmission / reception channels to the antenna in order to generate the variation in impedance from which an ambient signal can be backscattered.
• Such a configuration is not very complex at implement, and its cost is therefore reduced. Consequently, the control of such switching means is also simpler to implement.
• the front module comprises a transmission chain and a reception chain
• the switching means comprising:
• - first switching means configured to selectively connect the antenna to the transmission chain or to the reception chain
• second switching means belonging to a chain belonging to a chain, called a “processing chain”, from among said transmission and reception chains, and comprising an impedance matching circuit configurable according to at least two distinct configurations, a first configuration and a second configuration, said first / second mode corresponding to a configuration in which the processing chain is connected to the antenna by means of said first switching means and in which the impedance matching circuit is configured according to said first configuration / said second configuration by virtue of said second switching means.
• the invention relates to a wireless communication device comprising an antenna, a front module configured for the transmission and reception of signals via said antenna according to a time division multiplexing scheme, as well as means for switching capable of configuring said front module according to at least two modes, including:
• said wireless communication device comprises a control device according to the invention.
• the invention relates to a wireless communication system comprising:
• an emitting source configured to emit an ambient signal
• a second wireless communication device configured to receive the ambient signal backscattered by said first communication device.
• the invention relates to a method for controlling the operation of a wireless communication device comprising an antenna, a front module configured for the transmission and reception of signals via said antenna according to a diagram of time-division multiplexing, as well as switching means able to configure said front-end module according to at least two modes, including: - a first mode in which the front module has a first impedance to the antenna,
• control method is implemented by a control device according to the invention, integrated into said wireless communication device and comprises a step of controlling said switching means so that the front module alternates between said first and second. modes and thus the communication device selectively varies its backscattering of an ambient signal.
• the invention relates to a computer program comprising instructions for the implementation of a control method according to the invention when said program is executed by a computer.
• This program can use any programming language, and be in the form of source code, object code, or intermediate code between source code and object code, such as in a partially compiled form, or in n ' any other desirable shape.
• the invention relates to an information or recording medium readable by a computer on which a computer program according to the invention is recorded.
• the information or recording medium can be any entity or device capable of storing the program.
• the medium may comprise a storage means, such as a ROM, for example a CD ROM or a microelectronic circuit ROM, or else a magnetic recording means, for example a floppy disk or a disk. hard.
• the information or recording medium can be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal, which can be conveyed via an electrical or optical cable, by radio or by other means.
• the program according to the invention can in particular be downloaded from an Internet type network.
• the information or recording medium can be an integrated circuit in which the program is incorporated, the circuit being adapted to execute or to be used in the execution of the method in question.
• the invention relates to a communication method implemented by a wireless communication system according to the invention, in which a signal ambient transmitted by the transmitting source is backscattered by the first wireless communication device and received by the second wireless communication device.
• FIG. 1 schematically represents, in its environment, a particular embodiment of a communication system according to the invention
• FIG. 2 schematically represents an example of the hardware architecture of a wireless communication device according to the invention belonging to the communication system of FIG. 1;
• FIG. 3 schematically represents an example of the hardware architecture of a control device according to the invention fitted to the wireless communication device of FIG. 2;
• FIG. 4 schematically represents a first embodiment of switching means of the wireless communication device
• FIG. 5 schematically represents a second embodiment of switching means of the wireless communication device
• FIG. 6 schematically represents a third embodiment of switching means of the wireless communication device
• FIG. 7 schematically shows a fourth embodiment of switching means of the wireless communication device
• FIG. 8 represents, in the form of a flowchart, a particular example of implementation of a control method according to the invention.
• FIG. 9 schematically represents an example of a data transmission scenario implemented by the transmitter device D_TX.
• FIG. 1 schematically shows, in its environment, a particular embodiment of a wireless communication system 10 according to the invention.
• the wireless communication system 10 comprises a transmitter source SO configured to transmit, according to a transmission frequency F_E included in a given frequency band called “emission band”, a radio signal called “ambient signal”.
• the emission of the ambient signal takes place, for example, permanently or alternatively on a recurring basis.
• radioelectric signal we refer here to an electromagnetic wave propagating by wireless means, the frequencies of which are included in the traditional spectrum of radio waves (a few hertz to several hundred gigahertz).
• the ambient signal is a 4G mobile telephone signal transmitted in the transmission band [811 MHz, 821 MHz] by the source SO which takes the form of a relay antenna.
• the invention remains applicable to other types of radio signals, such as for example a mobile telephone signal other than 4G (for example 2G, 3G, 5G), a Wi-Fi signal, a WiMax signal, a DVB-T signal, etc.
• a mobile telephone signal other than 4G for example 2G, 3G, 5G
• Wi-Fi signal for example, a Wi-Fi signal
• WiMax signal for example, a WiMax signal
• DVB-T signal a mobile telephone signal other than 4G (for example 2G, 3G, 5G), a Wi-Fi signal, a WiMax signal, a DVB-T signal, etc.
• the ambient radio signal which may be considered within the scope of the present invention. Consequently, it should be noted that the number of antennas equipping the source SO does not constitute a limiting factor of the invention.
• the communication system 10 also comprises a first wireless communication device, called “transmitter device” D_TX, as well as a second wireless communication device, called “receiver device” D_RX and separate from the source SO, respectively. configured to communicate with each other, as detailed below.
• a first wireless communication device called “transmitter device” D_TX
• a second wireless communication device called “receiver device” D_RX and separate from the source SO, respectively. configured to communicate with each other, as detailed below.
• the communication system 10 comprises a single transmitter device D_TX and a single receiver device D_RX. It should however be specified that the invention is also applicable to a communication system comprising a plurality of transmitting devices and / or a plurality of receiving devices, this aspect not constituting a limiting factor of the invention.
• the transmitter device D_TX is a mobile telephone of the “smartphone” type. It should however be noted that no limitation is attached to the nature of said D_TX transmitter device as soon as the latter is able to perform wireless communications. For example, it can be a laptop, a personal assistant, a communicating object, etc.
• FIG. 2 schematically represents an example of the hardware architecture of the D_TX transmitter device according to the invention belonging to the communication system 10 of FIG. 1.
• the D_TX transmitter device is equipped with an antenna 100.
• the D_TX transmitter device also includes a front module configured for the transmission and reception of signals via said antenna 100 according to a diagram TDD time division multiplexing (ie duplex by time separation using the same radio channel).
• said front module comprises a C_TX transmission chain and a C_RX reception chain.
• said C_TX transmission chain comprises a digital-analog converter 101, a modulator 102 as well as a power amplifier 103.
• the C_RX reception chain for its part, comprises a low noise amplifier 104, a demodulator 105 as well as an analog-to-digital converter 106.
• Said D_TX transmitter device also comprises an electronic signal processing unit, called a "DSP" unit, configured to generate baseband signals intended to be routed to the antenna via the C_TX transmission chain as well as in processing signals received by the antenna and sent to said DSP unit via the reception chain C_RX.
• DSP electronic signal processing unit
• the DSP unit comprises for example one or more processors and storage means (magnetic hard disk, electronic memory, optical disc, etc.) in which data and a computer program are stored, in the form of a set of program code instructions to be executed to implement the aforementioned signal processing.
• processors and storage means magnetic hard disk, electronic memory, optical disc, etc.
• the DSP unit also comprises one or more programmable logic circuits, of the FPGA, PLD, etc. type, and / or specialized integrated circuits (ASIC), and / or a set of discrete electronic components, etc. suitable for implementing said signal processing.
• programmable logic circuits of the FPGA, PLD, etc. type, and / or specialized integrated circuits (ASIC), and / or a set of discrete electronic components, etc. suitable for implementing said signal processing.
• the DSP unit comprises a set of means configured in software (specific computer program) and / or hardware (FPGA, PLD, ASIC, etc.) to implement said processing operations. signals.
• the conventional architecture of a D_TX transmitter device capable of transmitting signals according to a time division multiplexing scheme, this aspect therefore not being detailed further.
• the C_TX transmission chain and / or the C_RX reception chain can also include other electronic equipment.
• no limitation is attached to the number of antennas that can equip the D_TX transmitter device, or even to the number of transmission and reception channels, it being understood that the number of antennas is greater than or equal to the number of channels. transmission as well as the number of reception channels, this aspect also being known to those skilled in the art.
• the D_TX transmitter device also comprises switching means 110 capable of configuring said front module according to at least two modes including:
• a second mode M_2 in which the front module presents a second impedance to the antenna 100, said first and second impedances being distinct from one another.
• impedance presented to the antenna we refer here to the equivalent impedance of the electronic circuits connected at a given time to the antenna 100, this impedance therefore depending on the mode in which the front module is configured via said switching means 110.
• FIG. 2 here schematically illustrates the general structure of the D_TX transmitter device according to the invention.
• switching means 110 are described in more detail later through different figures.
• the D_TX transmitter device comprises a D_CO control device implementing processing aimed at allowing the D_TX transmitter device to selectively vary the backscattering of the ambient signal emitted by the source SO, by implementing a control method of the operation of said D_TX transmitter device.
• the antenna 100 of the D_TX transmitter device is configured, in a manner known per se, to receive the ambient signal but also backscatter it to the D_RX receiver device.
• the D_TX transmitter device is associated with a frequency band, called the “influence band”, which corresponds to the frequency band in which the antenna is able to receive / backscatter signals.
• influence band When said influence band is included in the emission band associated with the source SO, it is qualified as “working band”.
• working band reference is made here to the fact that the transmitter device D_TX is compatible with the source SO, ie that the backscatter can be carried out for any frequency included in said working band.
• a band of influence which is not included in the transmission band. It is nevertheless implicit that for the transmitter device D_TX to be able to backscatter the ambient signal, said influence band and said emission band must have a non-empty intersection, the working band therefore corresponding to this intersection.
• the antenna 100 equipping the transmitter device D_TX is not only configured to allow the backscattering of the ambient signal emitted by the source SO, but also to transmit and receive, in a conventional manner, radio signals via the C_TX transmission chain and the C_RX reception chain, respectively.
• the D_RX receiver device is equipped with a reception antenna (not shown in the figures) configured to receive signals in said working band.
• said receiver device D_RX is a cell phone of the smartphone type.
• the source SO is a cellular telephone, for example of the smartphone type, and the receiver device D_RX is a base station,
• the source SO and the receiver device D_RX are both cellular telephones, for example of the smartphone type,
• the source SO is a domestic gateway (also called an “Internet box”) emitting a Wi-Fi signal
• the receiving device D_RX is a cellular telephone, for example of the smartphone type, etc .;
• the antenna equipping the D_RX receiver device is not only configured to allow interaction with the signal backscattered by the D_TX transmitter device, but also to receive, in a conventional manner, radio signals via a reception chain and an electronic unit whose configurations are respectively similar to those of the reception chain C_RX and of the DSP unit equipping the transmitter device D_TX.
• FIG. 3 schematically represents an example of the hardware architecture of the D_CO control device according to the invention configured to implement said control method.
• the D_CO control device according to the invention has the hardware architecture of a computer.
• a D_CO control device comprises, in particular, a processor 1, a random access memory 2, a read only memory 3 and a non-volatile memory 4. It also has a communication module 5.
• the communication module 5 allows in particular the control device D_CO to transmit control signals to the switching means 110.
• This communication module 5 comprises for example a computer data bus capable of transmitting said control signals.
• the communication module 5 comprises a communication interface, wired or wireless, capable of implementing any suitable protocol known to those skilled in the art (Ethernet, Wifi,
• the read only memory 3 of the D_CO control device constitutes a recording medium according to the invention, readable by the processor 1 and on which is recorded a computer program PROG according to the invention, comprising instructions for the execution of steps of the control method according to the invention.
• the PROG program defines functional modules of the D_CO control device, which are based on or control the hardware elements 2 to 5 of the D_CO control device mentioned above, and which in particular include a MOD_CO control module configured to control said switching means 110 so that the front module alternates between said first M_1 and second M_2 modes. In this way, the D_TX communication device can backscatter the ambient signal from the source SO.
• said MOD_CO control module is further configured to control the switching means 110 so that the transmitter device D_TX is able to transmit data by means of the transmission chain C_TX and receive signals. data using the C_RX receive string.
• the control module MOD_CO allows the transmitter device D_TX to communicate in a conventional manner with the receiver device D_RX.
• the MOD_CO control module is only configured to allow communication by ambient backscattering, and that another control module of the D_TX transmitter device is configured to allow conventional communication via the C_TX transmission / C_RX reception chains.
• the communication by ambient backscattering consists in the use of the ambient signal, by the transmitter device D_TX, to send data to said receiver device D_RX.
• the sending of such data by varying the backscatter of the ambient signal is based on essential on the possibility of modifying the impedance presented to the antenna 100, as a function of said data to be sent.
• this change in impedance is made possible through the first M_1 and second M_2 configuration modes of the front module.
• the transmitter device D_TX is associated with operating states, namely ideally a so-called “backscatter” state (the transmitter device D_TX can backscatter the ambient signal) in one of said modes M_1, M_2, as well as a state
• the opposite is said to be “non-backscattering” (the transmitter device D_TX cannot backscatter the ambient signal, or, in other words, is “transparent” to the ambient signal) in the other of said modes M_1, M_2.
• the impedance associated with the backscattering state typically corresponds to zero or infinite impedance, while the impedance associated with the non-backscattering state typically corresponds to the complex conjugate of the characteristic impedance of the antenna in the medium. propagation considered at the considered frequency.
• the invention is not limited to this ideal case in which only two states which are respectively perfectly backscattering and perfectly non-backscattering would be considered. Indeed, the invention also remains applicable in the case where two states (first state and second state) are not perfectly backscattering / non-backscattering, since the variation of the backscattered waves is perceptible by a receiving device which is practically and economically feasible. .
• Data intended to be transmitted by the transmitter device D_TX are conventionally encoded by means of a set of symbols, comprising for example a symbol called "high” (bit of value "1”), or else a symbol called " low ”(bit with value“ 0 ”).
• the transmission of such data by variation of the ambient backscattering can therefore be carried out, in a manner known per se, by alternation between said first M_1 and second M_2 configuration modes of the front module, each of said modes M_l, M_2 being dedicated to the transmission of a symbol of a particular type (for example high symbol for the first mode M_1 and low symbol for the second mode M_2, or vice versa).
• the data intended to be transmitted by the transmitter device D_TX are transported to the receiver device D_RX by modulation of the waves emitted by the source SO (i.e. by back-modulation).
• FIG. 4 schematically represents a first embodiment of said switching means 110.
• the switching means 110 comprise in this first embodiment first switching means 111 configured to selectively connect the antenna 100 to the transmission chain C_TX or to the transmission chain. reception C_RX.
• said first switching means 111 are a duplexer of a design known per se, that is to say an electronic component allowing the use of the antenna 100 for transmission and reception.
• said switching means 110 also comprise second switching means 112 configured to switch off (initials "OFF” in FIG. 4) or power (initials "ON” in FIG. 4) ) selectively a given electronic device of the C_TX transmission chain.
• Said second switching means 112 are for example a design selector switch known per se.
• those skilled in the art know how to implement switching means capable of selectively switching off or powering electronic equipment of the C_TX transmission chain, as is for example described in the document by J. Wu et al. al. already mentioned before.
• the electronic equipment which can be switched off or powered by said second switching means 112 is the power amplifier 103.
• said signal amplifier power 103 constitutes the electronic equipment of the C_TX transmission chain which consumes the most energy.
• the first mode M_1 of the front module corresponds to a configuration in which the transmission chain C_TX is connected to the antenna 100 by virtue of said first switching means 111 and in wherein said given electronic equipment item is turned off by means of said second switching means 112.
• the second mode M_2 of the front module corresponds to a configuration in which the transmission chain C_TX is connected to the antenna 100 thanks to said first switching means 111 but in which said given electronic equipment item is powered. thanks to said second switching means 112.
• the variation in impedance between the first M_1 and second M_2 configuration modes of the front module results from the fact that the electronic equipment considered in the transmission chain C_TX is selectively switched off or powered.
• the transmission chain C_TX is also referred to as “processing chain”.
• FIG. 5 schematically represents a second embodiment of said switching means 110.
• Said second embodiment is substantially similar to that of the first embodiment of FIG. 4, except that the processing chain here no longer corresponds to the transmission chain C_TX but to the reception chain C_RX.
• the switching means 110 also comprise first switching means 111 configured to selectively connect the antenna 100 to the transmission chain C_TX or to the reception chain. C_RX. All the characteristics described above with reference to FIG. 4 for said first switching means 111 remain valid here.
• the switching means 110 comprise second switching means 113 configured to selectively switch off or power a given electronic item of equipment of the reception chain C_RX.
• Said second switching means 113 are for example a selection switch of a design known per se.
• a person skilled in the art knows how to use switching means capable of selectively switching off or powering electronic equipment of the C_RX reception chain, as is for example described in the document by F. Li et al. . already mentioned before.
• the electronic equipment item which can be switched off or powered by said second switching means 113 is the low noise amplifier 104.
• the choice of a given electronic item of equipment in the reception chain, to be switched off or powered by said second switching means 113 only constitutes a variant implementation of the invention.
• a choice which differs from said low noise amplifier 104 can be considered, such as for example the demodulator 105, said analog-to-digital converter 106, etc.
• the first mode M_1 of the front module corresponds to a configuration in which the reception chain C_RX is connected to the antenna 100 thanks to said first switching means 111 and wherein said given electronic equipment is turned off by said second switching means 113.
• the second mode M_2 of the front module corresponds to a configuration in which the reception chain C_RX is connected to the antenna 100 by means of said first switching means 111, but in which said given electronic equipment item is powered. thanks to said second switching means 113.
• the variation in impedance related to the antenna by the reception chain C_RX between the first M_1 and second M_2 configuration modes of the front module results from the fact that the electronic equipment considered in the reception chain C_RX is selectively turned off or powered.
• FIG. 6 schematically represents a third embodiment of said switching means 110.
• said third embodiment is substantially similar to those of said first and second embodiments (FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 respectively) in that the switching means 110 comprise first switching means.
• switching 111 configured to selectively connect the antenna 100 to the C_TX transmission chain or to the C_RX reception chain. All the characteristics described above with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 for said first switching means 111 remain valid here, these first switching means 111 therefore being able to modify the impedance matching between the antenna 100 and the chain. C_TX transmission or the C_RX reception string.
• Said switching means 110 also comprise second switching means 114 belonging to the transmission chain C_TX.
• Said second switching means 114 comprise an impedance matching circuit CIR_Z configurable according to at least two distinct configurations, a first configuration and a second configuration.
• the impedance matching circuit CIR_Z modifies the impedance presented to the antenna 100 by means of a first capacitor CH_1 (respectively of a second capacitor CH_2).
• said impedance matching circuit CIR_Z is arranged in the transmission chain C_TX at the foot of the antenna 100, that is to say after the power amplifier 103 in the direction from the DSP unit to said antenna 100.
• said first mode M_1 corresponds to a configuration in which the transmission chain C_TX is connected to the antenna 100 by means of said first switching means 111 and in which the impedance matching circuit CIR_Z is configured. according to said first configuration by virtue of said second switching means 114.
• said second mode M_2 corresponds to a configuration in which the transmission chain C_TX is connected to the antenna 100 by means of said first switching means 111 and in which the impedance matching circuit CIR_Z is configured according to said second configuration by virtue of said second switching means 114.
• the variation in impedance between the first M_1 and second M_2 configuration modes of the front module results from the fact that the capacitor used by the impedance matching circuit CIR_Z is either the first capacitor CH_1 or the second capacitor CH_2.
• the third embodiment of FIG. 6 has been described by considering only two capacitors CH_1, CH_2 of the impedance matching circuit CIR_Z, it should be noted that no limitation is attached to the number of capacitors through which the impedance matching circuit CIR_Z can modify the impedance presented to the antenna 100, since this number is greater than or equal to two (in this case, the impedance circuit CIR_Z is configurable according to as many configurations as the number of capacitors).
• FIG. 7 schematically represents a fourth embodiment of said switching means 110. As illustrated by FIG. 7, the switching means 110 of this fourth embodiment are configured to selectively connect the antenna 100 to the transmission chain C_TX or to the reception chain C_RX.
• the switching means 110 of this fourth embodiment therefore correspond only to the first switching means 111 described above with reference to FIG. 4 (first embodiment) or to FIG. 5 (second embodiment). or in FIG. 6 (third embodiment).
• this fourth embodiment and in comparison with said first and second embodiments, it is not implemented switching means specifically dedicated to the extinction or the power supply of. a dedicated electronic device of one of the C_TX transmission / C_RX reception chains. Or again, in comparison with the third embodiment, switching means capable of modifying the impedance presented to the antenna 100 by means of loads of a matching circuit are not used. impedance.
• the first mode M_1 of the front module corresponds to a configuration in which the transmission chain C_TX is connected to the antenna 100 by virtue of said switching means 110.
• the second mode M_2 of the front module corresponds to a configuration in which the reception chain C_RX is connected to the antenna 100 by virtue of said switching means 110.
• the variation in impedance between the first M_1 and second M_2 configuration modes of the front module results from the fact that the antenna is connected either to the transmission chain C_TX or to the reception chain C_RX.
• switching means 110 comprising first switching means configured to selectively connect the antenna 100 to the transmission chain C_TX or to the reception chain C_RX, as well as:
• second switching means configured to selectively switch off or power a given electronic item of equipment of the C_TX transmission chain (i.e. second switching means similar to the second switching means described with reference to FIG. 4),
• third switching means configured to selectively switch off or power a given electronic equipment item of the reception chain C_RX (ie third switching means switching similar to the second switching means described with reference to the figure
• the switching means 110 may include first switching means configured to selectively connect the antenna 100 to the transmission chain C_TX or to the reception chain C_RX, as well as:
• second switching means belonging to the transmission chain C_TX, and comprising an impedance matching circuit configured to modify the impedance presented to the antenna 100 by means of at least two separate electronic components of said impedance matching circuit (ie second switching means similar to the second switching means described with reference to FIG. 6),
• third switching means belonging to the reception chain C_RX, and comprising an impedance matching circuit configured to modify the impedance presented to the antenna 100 by means of at least two separate electronic components of said circuit impedance matching (ie third switching means similar to the second switching means described with reference to FIG. 6, with the difference that they belong here to the reception chain C_RX).
• the invention covers any technically possible combination of said first, second, third and fourth embodiments.
• the invention further relates to a method for controlling the operation of the transmitter device D_TX.
• This control method is implemented by the D_CO control device equipping said D_TX transmitter device, more particularly by the MOD_CO control module.
• said control method comprises a step of controlling the switching means 110 so that the front module alternates between said first M_1 and second M_2 modes and thus that said transmitter device D_TX selectively varies its backscattering of the ambient signal emitted by the SO source.
• FIG. 8 represents, in the form of a flowchart, a particular example of implementation of the control method according to the invention.
• the transmitter device D_TX wishes to transmit data by ambient backscattering to the receiver device D_RX, and that these data take the form, before transmission to the receiver device D_RX, of a signal comprising a sequence of high and low symbols assigned respectively to the data bits (1 or 0). It is also considered that a symbol corresponding to a 1 bit (respectively to a 0 bit) is intended to be transmitted by ambient backscattering when the front module is configured according to its first mode M_1 (respectively its second mode M_2).
• the switching means 110 are configured such as those described with reference to FIG. 4, and that the electronic equipment which can be switched off or powered is the amplifier of power 103.
• control step (step F10) firstly comprises the generation (step F10_l) of a first control signal S_COM_0 transmitted to the first switching means 111 so that the antenna 100 is connected to the C_TX broadcast chain.
• step F10_l the generation of a first control signal S_COM_0 transmitted to the first switching means 111 so that the antenna 100 is connected to the C_TX broadcast chain.
• control step comprises the generation of other control signals S_COM_i (iterations of a step F10_2), i being an integer greater than or equal to 1.
• These other control signals S_COM_i are quantified. to them transmitted to the second switching means 112 in order to obtain, as a function of the data to be transmitted (bit 1 or bit 0), an alternation between said first M_1 and second M_2 modes of the front module, and therefore ultimately a variation of impedance necessary for the implementation of a transmission by selective variation of ambient backscattering (ie by backscattering).
• control method according to the invention is not limited to allowing communication by selective variation of the ambient backscattering between the D_TX transmitter and D_RX receiver devices.
• the control method according to the invention can therefore include other steps for controlling the switching means so as to allow such a conventional exchange of data.
• the switching means 110 are configured as those described with reference to FIG. 4, and that the electronic equipment which can be switched off or supplied is the power amplifier 103.
• the first switching means 111 are already configured so that the antenna 100 is connected to the transmission chain C_TX (for example by means of an appropriate control signal). Therefore, in the case where data must be transmitted via the C_TX transmission chain (these data therefore being intended to be radiated by the antenna 100), the MOD_CO control module can generate, during the implementation of the control method, a control signal transmitted to the second switching means 112 so that the power amplifier 103 is supplied. Conversely, in the case where no data is to be transmitted via the transmission chain C_TX, the control module MOD_CO can generate, during the control method, a control signal transmitted to the second switching means 112 of so that the power amplifier 103 is turned off.
• FIG. 9 schematically represents an example of a data transmission scenario implemented by the transmitter device D_TX.
• the switching means 110 are configured such as those described with reference to FIG. 4, and that the electronic equipment which can be switched off or supplied is the power amplifier. 103.
• the transmitter device D_TX first of all transmits data over a long range, for example of several kilometers, between an instant T1 and an instant T2.
• the transmission of these data is carried out in a conventional manner via the transmission chain C_TX and the antenna 100 (ie the antenna 100 radiates radio-frequency energy supplied locally between the instants T1 and T2).
• the first switching means 111 are configured so that the transmission chain C_TX is connected to the antenna 100
• the second switching means 112 are configured so that the amplifier 103 is powered.
• the front module is here configured according to the first mode M_l.
• the transmitter device D_TX has no data to send for a period between time T2 and an instant T3, this period being greater than a predefined threshold. Therefore, from time T3, and until time T4 from which new data is to be transmitted over a long range, the first switching means 111 are configured so that the transmission chain C_TX is connected to the antenna 100, and the second switching means 112 are configured so that the amplifier 103 is turned off. In other words, and although the ambient signal is not backscattered between said instants T3 and T4, the front module is here configured according to the second mode M_2. In this way, it is possible to save the energy consumed by D_TX between times T3 and T4.
• this threshold can be equal to a few microseconds or a few milliseconds, or even a second.
• the power amplifier 103 is not switched off between the instants T5 and T6 insofar as the time separating these two instants is less than said threshold. The same is true for the duration between times T7 and T8.
• the transmitter device D_TX backscattered (ie back-modulates) the ambient signal to transmit data in the form of the following message: 01000110.
• alternating between the first M_1 and second M_2 modes is controlled by the MOD_CO control module.
• the sequence of the corresponding modes is as follows: M_2, M_l, M_2, M_2, M_2, M_l, M_l, M_2.
• the alternation between time periods following which the transmitter device D_TX transmits data in a conventional manner, or else does not transmit data. , or else transmits data by ambient backscattering can be implemented according to a predetermined time scheme known to the transmitter D_TX and receiver devices D_RX.
• a predetermined time scheme known to the transmitter D_TX and receiver devices D_RX.
• Such a diagram is for example defined by a telecommunications standard.
• the example described above with reference to FIG. 9 can be implemented via a predetermined time scheme comprising four time periods:
• this second period can also include the period between times T2 and T3 if it is known in advance that no data is to be sent from the time T2)
• the alternation between time periods according to which the transmitter device D_TX transmits data in a conventional manner, or else does not transmit data, or else transmits data by ambient backscattering can be implemented. dynamically.
• signaling messages can be exchanged between the transmitting source SO and the transmitting device D_TX. These messages are configured so that once received by the D_TX transmitter device, the latter knows in which mode its front module must be configured.
• the transmitter device D_TX can transmit by backscattering, as a preamble to the data, a pattern well known to the receiver device D_RX and which allows the latter to detect the imminence of the data transmission.
• the invention also relates to a communication method implemented by the wireless communication system 10 of FIG. 1, in which the ambient signal transmitted by the transmitting source SO is backscattered by the transmitter device D_TX and received by the receiving device D_RX.
• the communication method according to the invention covers not only the case where the D_TX transmitter and D_RX receiver devices communicate with each other by ambient backscattering, but of course also the cases where these devices. the latter exchange data with each other in a conventional manner (ie via their respective transmission / reception channels and by active radiation from their antennas).

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• 2020
  • 2020-05-04 FR FR2004385A patent/FR3109854A1/fr active Pending
• 2021
  • 2021-04-27 EP EP21731237.0A patent/EP4147367A1/de active Pending
  • 2021-04-27 US US17/923,144 patent/US20230179246A1/en active Pending
  • 2021-04-27 WO PCT/FR2021/050726 patent/WO2021224564A1/fr unknown

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