EP4143653A1 - Navigieren eines roboters - Google Patents
Navigieren eines robotersInfo
- Publication number
- EP4143653A1 EP4143653A1 EP21723151.3A EP21723151A EP4143653A1 EP 4143653 A1 EP4143653 A1 EP 4143653A1 EP 21723151 A EP21723151 A EP 21723151A EP 4143653 A1 EP4143653 A1 EP 4143653A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- area
- robot
- navigation system
- drive unit
- navigation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0268—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using internal positioning means
- G05D1/0274—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using internal positioning means using mapping information stored in a memory device
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0212—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for navigating a robot moved by means of a drive unit, in which a first navigation system assigned to a first area determines a first route in the first area using first environmental data from the first area and corresponding first control data for moving the robot along the first route for the drive unit of the robot.
- the invention further relates to a computer program product comprising a program for a computer unit of a control device of a robot.
- the invention also relates to a robot with a drive unit for moving the robot and a first navigation system assigned to a first area for determining a first route in the first area using first environmental data from the first area and for providing corresponding first control data for moving the robot along of the first travel path for the drive unit of the robot.
- the invention also relates to a production facility with a first area, a second area that is moved with respect to the first area, and a robot that can be moved from the respective area to the other area.
- a component that is used for two-dimensional navigation is also known as a ROS navigation stack.
- the components for navigation are for example from GUIMAR ⁇ ES, Rodrigo Longhi, et al. in ROS navigation: Concepts and tutorial, Robot Operating System (ROS), Springer, Cham, 2016, Pages 121 to 160, which can also be viewed at the Internet address https: //link.springer.eom/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-26054-9_6.
- the navigation system is then divided into, among other things, map provision, global route planning, local route planning, in particular obstacle avoidance and localization.
- An option that is available under ROS but is not integrated in the ROS navigation stack is formed by components of a Mobile Robotic Programming Toolkit (mrpt).
- RODRIGUEZ Enrique, et al.
- Both location and navigation methods, which are contained in the components, use particle filter methods.
- the components are also based, among other things, on using only a single coordinate system or reference system, which is used as the basis for determining the navigation.
- the invention is based on the object of improving the navigation of the robot, which is moved by means of the drive unit, in particular within a production facility in which the robot is moved in a mobile manner in areas which themselves move relative to one another.
- the invention proposes a method, a computer program product, a robot and a production facility according to the independent claims.
- Advantageous developments result from the features of the dependent claims.
- the invention proposes in particular that a second navigation system, which is assigned to a second area that is moved relative to the first area, determines a second route in the second area using second environment data of the second area and corresponding second control data for the drive unit of the robot provides for moving along the second travel path.
- the invention proposes in particular that the computer program product comprises a program for a computer unit of a control device of a robot, the program having program code sections of a program for executing the steps of a method according to the invention when the program is executed by the computer unit will
- the invention proposes in particular that it have a second navigation system assigned to a second area moved relative to the first area for determining a second route in the second area using second environmental data from the second area and for providing corresponding second control data for the drive unit of the robot to move along the second travel path.
- the invention is based, inter alia, on the idea that the robot can be positioned and / or navigated or guided by means of second navigation systems which preferably use two different reference systems or coordinate systems.
- the navigation systems can at least partially use the ROS navigation stack or the like, for example.
- the route is preferably divided into at least the first and the second route, the first route being in the first area and the second route being in the second area.
- Each of the coordinate systems is preferably coupled to the respective area, so that the two coordinate systems or reference systems are also moved to one another in accordance with the movement of the areas to one another.
- One example is a movement of the robot from a stationary area of a production facility onto a conveyor belt or a push-skid unit, as it is used in a cycle-based flow production.
- the reference system or the coordinate system is preferably changed by changing the use of the navigation systems.
- the environment perceived by means of a laser scanner of the robot, which previously appeared static in the associated reference system or coordinate system, is now moved relative to the robot without the drive unit executing a corresponding movement.
- the invention therefore provides for the working area of the robot, which in particular comprises the first and the second area, to be divided into two different sub-areas, namely the first area and the second area.
- the first area can preferably be stationary, whereas the second area is preferably moved with respect to the first area. This corresponds to dividing a navigation map into two corresponding parts.
- a partial card can be assigned to the movable belt or the push-skid unit.
- Another partial map is assigned to the rest of the environment, which is stationary.
- Both partial maps preferably each use an individual coordinate system or reference system on which the navigation or positioning is based and, for example, can include an overlapping map area which corresponds to at least one dimension of the robot.
- the reference systems or coordinate systems and / or the partial maps can preferably be spatially correctly aligned to one another at any time using data from a belt drive of the belt or the push-skid unit, so that a current representation of the environment, which includes at least the areas, results at a respective point in time .
- the respective navigation systems therefore only need to use the respective current environment data or partial maps for their navigation and not use the part that is moved from their point of view.
- a tree structure of coordinate systems or reference systems can be achieved, so that a respective complex navigation task can be divided into corresponding parts.
- stable and reliable control of the robot when moving can be achieved by means of the drive unit.
- the invention can of course also include more than two areas that are moved relative to one another and can be adapted accordingly.
- Moving in the context of the present application means that the robot changes its local position, preferably within a respective one of the areas, by moving or moving, for example, along the travel path that can include the first and second travel paths.
- the robot can therefore also have a Be a transport vehicle.
- the robot can, however, also be a work device that can take on assignable activities in the production facility.
- the route can include a trajectory that is determined by a respective one of the navigation systems and along which the robot is moved.
- the respective navigation system provides corresponding control data for the drive unit of the robot so that it moves along the route.
- the route can also be formed only by a single position or by several positions. As a result of the movement or movement of the robot, its position changes at least in the respective area in which the robot is arranged.
- the navigation system therefore preferably also includes a computer program which can be executed on a control device of the robot.
- the control device or the computer unit can at least partially also be comprised by the drive unit.
- the navigation system can also include one or more hardware circuits.
- the navigation system is preferably at least partially an application in the manner of a computer program.
- the control device comprises the program-controlled computer unit, which can be controlled by means of the computer program in such a way that it is able to provide the desired functionality according to the invention.
- the control device can be at least partially encompassed by the drive unit. However, it can also be designed at least partially as a separate unit of the robot.
- the first and the second navigation system communicate with the drive unit via the same interface. This makes it possible to switch between the navigation systems for controlling the drive unit in a simple manner. As a result, switching between the navigation systems can be achieved not only quickly but also reliably.
- the interface can be formed, for example, by predeterminable control data that are provided for and / or transmitted to the drive unit, in particular the control device.
- this is a software interface that enables data to be exchanged between applications that are connected to the respective interface.
- the first and the second navigation system are operated independently of one another and that the drive unit either only communicates with the first or only with the second navigation system. It can thereby be achieved that the drive unit is preferably always only controlled by the navigation system which is assigned to the respective area in which the robot is located. It is therefore not necessary for both navigation systems to be active at the same time. This makes it possible to save computer capacity when navigating.
- the navigation systems can be encapsulated so that they can be operated essentially independently of one another. Depending on requirements, the required navigation system can also be partially deactivated.
- the first and the second navigation system preferably use at least partially shared data to determine the respective routes.
- the data can be stored in a shared memory which the first and the second navigation system access.
- This memory can be a superordinate memory of a control center or the like.
- the first and second areas form at least one common overlap area and that the communication between the drive unit and the navigation systems when the robot travels through the overlap area from one area to the other area from one navigation system to the other the navigation system changes.
- This makes it possible in a simple manner to enable a reliable change of the navigation systems during the transition from the first area to the second area.
- the instabilities occurring in the prior art can thereby be further avoided. It is thus achieved that the robot can reliably switch from one area to the other.
- the overlap area is an area which preferably has dimensions which at least correspond to the dimensions of the robot in the area plane.
- the robot can be moved from the respectively assigned area into the overlap area by means of one of the navigation systems, in which case In the overlapping area, the navigation systems are then changed and the robot is subsequently moved into the assigned other area by means of the other navigation system.
- the overlapping area thus enables a reliable and mobile handover of the control of the robot in the event of a transition from one of the areas to the respective other area.
- the respective environmental data be determined separately before use by the respective navigation systems.
- the environmental data, from which the corresponding maps or partial maps can be determined can have been determined separately before the robot or the navigation systems are started up.
- environment sensor system for short, to at least partially determine the corresponding environment data before the robot is used in normal operation.
- an adaptive neural network can also be used, the robot being moved accordingly during a training mode.
- other options for recording the environmental data can also be considered or used in combination.
- first and second environmental data relate to respective first and second reference systems and, in particular, when the robot moves from a respective area to the respective other area, a reference point of the respective other area is recorded.
- the environmental data are accordingly adapted to or linked to the respective areas to which they belong.
- the environmental data of the first area are preferably related to the reference system or coordinate system assigned to the first area.
- a reference point of the respective other area is recorded. This can be done using the robot-side environment sensors. This has the advantage that the transfer of one the navigation systems can be facilitated to the respective other of the navigation systems. Because the reference point of the respective other coordinate system is detected, a comparison can be improved in a simple manner when the robot moves from one area to the other area.
- the respective active sub-scenario or navigation system can communicate the currently determined position of the robot to the inactive sub-scenario or navigation system. This enables a good initialization when changing between the active navigation system and the inactive navigation system and can thereby determine a stable localization during the transition.
- the scenarios are preferably switched over automatically as soon as the robot has moved in the overlapping area and is at a speed in the direction of the other area.
- the encapsulation of the navigation systems makes it possible to use or operate the interfaces externally, in particular with regard to the drive unit, and thus to implement a change in a fluid and stable manner. It is therefore possible to navigate in a simple manner in the reference system of the conveyor belt or the push skid unit and a stationary reference system.
- the invention also includes further developments of the robot according to the invention which have features as they have already been described in connection with the further developments of the method according to the invention. For this reason, the corresponding developments of the robot according to the invention are not described again here.
- the invention also includes the combinations of the features of the described embodiments.
- 1 shows a schematic representation of a production environment of a vehicle assembly as a manufacturing facility
- 2 shows a schematic representation of an assembly scenario
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of navigation in a fixed area
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of a navigation in a transition area
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of the navigation from the point of view of coordinate systems
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic map representation of a section of the production environment according to FIG. 1;
- FIG. 8 shows a schematic map representation of the section according to FIG. 7, which is divided into a stationary and a movable part.
- the described components of the embodiment each represent individual features of the invention that are to be considered independently of one another, which also develop the invention independently of one another and are thus also to be regarded as part of the invention individually or in a combination other than the one shown. Furthermore, the described embodiments can also be supplemented by further features of the invention that have already been described.
- FIG. 1 shows, in a schematic representation, a production environment 18 of a vehicle assembly as a production facility.
- the production environment 18 has a conveyor belt 14 as the second area, to which vehicles 20 are attached, which vehicles are driven through a stationary first area 12 of the production environment 18 by means of the conveyor belt 14.
- the first area 12 includes, among other things, directly next to a longitudinal extension of the conveyor belt 14, a worker area 22 in which assembly personnel 24 and several robots 10 (FIG. 2) are positioned in order to carry out corresponding assembly activities on the vehicles 20 transported by means of the conveyor belt 14.
- That Conveyor belt 14 has a transverse extension of about 2.4 meters in the present case. This dimension can also vary as required.
- the craftsman's area 22 has a width transverse to the longitudinal extension of the conveyor belt 14 of approximately one meter. This dimension can also vary as required.
- Opposite to the conveyor belt 14 adjoins the worker area 20 in each case with a supply strip 26 in which the material that is required for the assembly is made available.
- roads 28 are connected, which serve to make material available on the provision strip 26, or to drive it off.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of an assembly scenario based on the production environment 18 according to FIG. 1. It can be seen that two fitters 24 and a robot 10 are located in the worker area 22.
- the demonstration scenario relates to an installation of a gearbox mount and a hydraulic unit in a respective one of the vehicles 20 transported by means of the conveyor belt 14 20 are provided.
- the transport belt 14 has individual transport sections which follow one another in the longitudinal direction in a direction of movement according to the arrows 38. Each section has a vehicle 20 that is to be assembled. In the left area of the illustrated conveyor belt, a section with a vehicle 20 is shown, in which a robot 10 and a fitter 24 jointly carry out activities on a front section of the vehicle 20. For this purpose, it is necessary for the robot 10 to be able to switch between the worker area 22 and the conveyor belt 14, just like the fitters 24. a drive unit (not shown) of the robot 10 is controlled as explained below.
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic map representation of a section of the production environment based on FIGS. 1, 2.
- a navigation map 40 is shown here. With arrows 46 an area of the navigation map 40 is shown which is assigned to the conveyor belt 14 and is therefore movable.
- FIG. 8 shows in a schematic representation like FIG. 7 how the card 40 is divided using the invention, namely into a card 42 which represents a stationary part or stationary part of the production environment 18, here in particular the worker area 22, the supply strip 26 and the route 29.
- a map 44 of the movable part that is assigned to the conveyor belt 14 is shown.
- the two cards 42, 44 provide an overlap area 16. In the present case, the overlap area 16 is larger than the corresponding dimensions of the robot 10.
- FIG. 3 shows in a schematic representation a navigation from the fixed area 12, based on the map 42 according to FIG. 2, to the moving area 14. It can be seen that a position 48 of the robot 10 is present in the worker area 22, that is, is positioned in the area of the card 42 (Fig. 8).
- the first navigation system 52 therefore uses the map 42 of the fixed area and also includes a localization unit 54 and a route planner 56.
- a position of the robot 10 is detected as stationary with the localization unit 54. Accordingly, the navigation or route planning also takes place in a stationary manner with the corresponding route planner 56.
- the first navigation system 52 thus provides a first travel path 58 with which the drive unit of the robot 10 is controlled accordingly.
- the robot 10 perceives the environment in each case.
- the left and right representations each represent the stationary environment data of the first area 12 when the robot 10 is located in the first area 12.
- the middle illustration shows the moving environment data when the robot 10 is in the second area 14.
- the robot 10 or its control device uses the first navigation system 52 because the robot 10 is in the worker area 22.
- the robot 10 is located on the conveyor belt 14 in the middle field, which is why in this case the control device of the robot 10 uses a second navigation system 62 in order to determine a route 68. In this case, the robot 10 therefore uses the control data according to a second travel path 68 in order to be moved accordingly.
- the second navigation system 62 uses the second map 44 (FIG. 8) in order to determine the position 48 of the robot 10 by means of a localization unit 64.
- the second navigation system 62 uses a route planning unit 66 to determine the corresponding second travel path 68 or control data for this, which are transmitted to the drive unit of the robot 10.
- reliable control of the robot 10 can be ensured both on the conveyor belt 14 and in the stationary area 12, in particular the worker area 22.
- the robot 10 changes from the worker area 22 to the conveyor belt 14 at position 48.
- FIG. 4 now shows, in a representation like FIG. 3, a movement of the robot 10 from the conveyor belt 14 into the worker area 22.
- the robot 10 is located on the conveyor belt 14 in the illustration on the left and therefore perceives the environmental data of the first area 12 as being moved , although it does not need to be moved on the conveyor belt 14.
- the robot 10 is first controlled by the second navigation system 62 using the map 44.
- the robot position 48 is determined by the localization unit 44, and route planning is carried out according to the route planner 66, which determines the second route 68 and provides corresponding control data the control device of the robot 10 is transmitted.
- the robot 10 changes from the conveyor belt 14 to the stationary area 12, here the worker area 22.
- the use of the navigation system by the control device of the robot 10 also changes.
- the robot 10 is now controlled by the navigation system 52, which is a Carries out localization by means of the localization unit 54 based on the map 42 and carries out a corresponding route planning according to the route planner 56.
- the first travel path 58 is determined and corresponding control data are transmitted to the drive unit of the robot.
- a static coordinate system of the first area 12 is designated by 70, which also includes the worker area 22.
- 74 denotes a speed vector in the direction of the belt edge of the robot 10.
- 16 denotes the overlap area 16 of the two cards 42, 44.
- FIG 6 shows a schematic representation of the navigation from the perspective of the respective coordinate systems 70, 72.
- the shift of the coordinate system of the robot 10 when changing the reference system or when changing between the first and second areas 12, 14 can be seen in the left area of FIG 6 is the reference system of the robot 10 below the reference system 72 of the conveyor belt 14.
- In the right-hand area is the reference system of the robot 10 below the static reference system 70 of the area 12 and parallel to the reference system of the conveyor belt 14.
- the exemplary embodiments show how the invention can improve and stabilize the operation of the robot 10 in areas that are moved relative to one another.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020205544.0A DE102020205544A1 (de) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Navigieren eines Roboters |
| PCT/EP2021/060997 WO2021219645A1 (de) | 2020-04-30 | 2021-04-27 | Navigieren eines roboters |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4143653A1 true EP4143653A1 (de) | 2023-03-08 |
| EP4143653B1 EP4143653B1 (de) | 2024-02-14 |
Family
ID=75787045
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21723151.3A Active EP4143653B1 (de) | 2020-04-30 | 2021-04-27 | Navigieren eines roboters |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4143653B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN115552347B (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020205544A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021219645A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005034582B4 (de) | 2005-07-25 | 2007-11-08 | Eisenmann Anlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg | Fördersystem und Verfahren zum gleichzeitigen Transport von Werkstücken und Monteuren in einer Fertigungslinie |
| CN103675878A (zh) * | 2012-09-11 | 2014-03-26 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | 一种定位导航的方法及电子设备 |
| US9785911B2 (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2017-10-10 | I AM Robotics, LLC | System and method for piece-picking or put-away with a mobile manipulation robot |
| DE102014013207A1 (de) * | 2014-09-06 | 2015-08-27 | Audi Ag | Verfahren zur Navigation eines Benutzers zwischen einer ersten Position innerhalb eines Gebäudebereichs und einer zweiten Position |
| US9908702B2 (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2018-03-06 | Invia Robotics, Inc. | Robotic navigation and mapping |
| WO2017167375A1 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-05 | Here Global B.V. | Definition of one or more gateways for linking navigation data sets representing maps of at least partially overlapping geographic regions |
| MX2019008947A (es) * | 2017-01-30 | 2019-09-16 | Walmart Apollo Llc | Sistemas y metodos para resolver problemas en un sistema de robot autonomo distribuido. |
| CN108759824A (zh) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-11-06 | 顺丰科技有限公司 | 高精度定位导航系统及方法 |
| CN109917439A (zh) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-06-21 | 陕西中良智能科技有限公司 | 自动导引运输车及其组合定位导航方法和装置 |
-
2020
- 2020-04-30 DE DE102020205544.0A patent/DE102020205544A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2021
- 2021-04-27 WO PCT/EP2021/060997 patent/WO2021219645A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2021-04-27 CN CN202180032185.2A patent/CN115552347B/zh active Active
- 2021-04-27 EP EP21723151.3A patent/EP4143653B1/de active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115552347A (zh) | 2022-12-30 |
| EP4143653B1 (de) | 2024-02-14 |
| DE102020205544A1 (de) | 2021-11-04 |
| WO2021219645A1 (de) | 2021-11-04 |
| CN115552347B (zh) | 2025-08-05 |
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