EP4457572A1 - Verfahren und system zur navigation von mobilen logistik-robotern - Google Patents
Verfahren und system zur navigation von mobilen logistik-roboternInfo
- Publication number
- EP4457572A1 EP4457572A1 EP22823378.9A EP22823378A EP4457572A1 EP 4457572 A1 EP4457572 A1 EP 4457572A1 EP 22823378 A EP22823378 A EP 22823378A EP 4457572 A1 EP4457572 A1 EP 4457572A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mobile logistics
- logistics robot
- map
- nodes
- topological map
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0268—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using internal positioning means
- G05D1/0274—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using internal positioning means using mapping information stored in a memory device
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0231—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using optical position detecting means
- G05D1/0234—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using optical position detecting means using optical markers or beacons
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D1/00—Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
- G05D1/02—Control of position or course in two dimensions
- G05D1/021—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
- G05D1/0287—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles involving a plurality of land vehicles, e.g. fleet or convoy travelling
- G05D1/0289—Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles involving a plurality of land vehicles, e.g. fleet or convoy travelling with means for avoiding collisions between vehicles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for navigating mobile logistics robots using a map that is created by detecting a working environment of the mobile logistics robot using sensors.
- the invention also relates to a system for carrying out the method.
- Mobile robots are increasingly being used in industry and in logistics companies to automate processes in industrial production and for logistical tasks, such as order picking.
- Mobile robots with arm manipulators, in particular robot arms, are usually used in this case.
- So-called articulated-arm robots are an example of this.
- mobile logistics robots in particular autonomous industrial trucks with robot arms for load handling, for example mobile picking robots
- mobile logistics robots are particularly demanding because logistics robots are to move freely in a logistics area, for example a warehouse.
- the mobile logistics robots constantly encounter completely new working environments.
- Localization is a basic requirement for navigating automated vehicles in the intralogistics environment.
- the basis of the localization is the agreement of an expected value with a sensory perception of the vehicle. If the sensory perception is successfully matched with the expected value, a position of the vehicle can be calculated from this.
- a distinction is made between relative localization and global localization.
- a closed or open control circuit calculates suitable target values for driving vehicles on the basis of a target description and the localization and, if necessary, adjusts them.
- a map containing connection information in the form of obstacles, graphs or routes is often used in addition to the localization. Maps are therefore used to calculate a suitable connection based on connection information in order to connect the current position of the vehicle with the target position.
- maps Numerous types of maps exist, including, for example, metric, semantic, or topological maps to depict connection information. The effort involved in creating maps varies greatly and requires procedures of varying complexity.
- metric maps for navigation is now the standard for navigating automatically driving vehicles in the intralogistics environment.
- the challenge here is that the creation of metric map material either involves high technological risks, such as in the case of self-mapping, or with complex measurements of the movement space, as in particular in the case of third-party mapping.
- the vehicle With self-mapping, the vehicle creates its own map of the environment through exploration drives.
- the localization of automatic vehicles indoors is considered to be a challenge, since satellite localization has to be dispensed with for physical reasons.
- the vehicle In order for the vehicle to create a metric map of its surroundings, it must specifically drive through and map out the unfamiliar areas, such as a warehouse.
- Sensor inaccuracies, i.e. random errors, and calibration differences, i.e. systematic errors result in different metric maps for each vehicle with integral errors. Vehicles that want to use these maps have to deal with these inaccuracies technologically.
- Topological maps are a type of map intended to store connection information of movement space.
- topological maps represent a very simple map type in which the movement space is represented by edges and nodes. The disadvantage of these maps is that they are not suitable for navigation without modifications.
- metric maps are robot-specific due to odometry errors and deviations in hardware components, e.g. from laser scanners. Providing the robot's own metric map to other mobile robots is difficult because of the resulting differences between the recognized environment and the stored metric map.
- the present invention is based on the object of designing a method of the type mentioned and a system for carrying out the method in such a way that reliable navigation of the mobile logistics robots is also made possible indoors.
- this object is achieved according to the invention in that the map is created as an intelligent topological map without using global metric map information, with landmarks in the working environment of the mobile logistics robot, which are uniquely designed via an identification system, being detected by the sensors, by evaluating the Sensor data are recognized as such in a data processing unit and stored as nodes in the topological map.
- a smart topological map ie an intelligent topological map
- This smart topological map consists of nodes that describe unique landmarks.
- Really placed markings are preferably used as landmarks, which are attached to prominent positions in the working environment of the mobile logistics robot, in particular at intersections and/or curves and/or stations and/or elevators and/or gates.
- the identification system preferably includes numbers and/or letter codes and/or pictograms, which are detected by means of the sensors that are expediently attached to the mobile logistics robot and recognized by evaluating the sensor data in the data processing unit that is expediently also housed in the mobile logistics robot, and for automatic Navigation of the mobile logistics robot can be used in a vehicle control unit.
- the mobile logistics robot can therefore detect these unique landmarks using sensors, recognize them as such and save them as nodes in the topological map.
- edges can indicate the direction of movement of the connection of the individual nodes by means of a predecessor/successor principle.
- these edges which connect the nodes to one another, are stored in the topological map with additional annotations of the edges.
- edges advantageously contain information about a preferred path between two nodes and/or about a distance between two nodes and/or about a roadway width and/or about roadway obstructions, for example the number of people, oncoming traffic, blockages, and/or about speed limits and/or or about regions with interaction possibilities.
- the mobile logistics robot navigates along the nodes or the recorded or loaded node network.
- a possible path for the navigation of the mobile logistics robot is then expediently carried out by determining a valid combination of nodes between a starting point and a destination on the intelligent topological map using the data processing unit.
- the starting point can be found using vehicle behavior heuristics.
- a request to the mobile logistics robot can consist of following a route in an obstacle-oriented manner to the next junction.
- the task of the mobile logistics robot for the movement execution is therefore no longer to navigate a global route, but only to the next junction. All the information required for this is in the annotated edge information of the connection element, i.e. the edge to specific nodes.
- the navigation of the mobile logistics robot between the nodes is advantageously carried out reactively, with the mobile logistics robot orienting itself to the existing environment by perceiving the environment using the sensors.
- the mobile logistics robot can derive its driving behavior from the existing environment, be it obstacles, road markings or other features that provide orientation.
- the mobile logistics robot shares the intelligent topological map that has been created with at least one other mobile logistics robot.
- the other mobile logistics robot can then compare and supplement the topological map it has received with its own map.
- an overview of the environment is created in which the connections of the individual landmarks are known.
- paths and tasks can be planned along these connections of the nodes.
- the planned paths are then processed along the known landmarks and confirmed by recognizing the landmarks along the way.
- Local navigation, obstacle detection and avoidance, interaction with objects and stations can be taken over by the on-board sensors and systems and only take place locally.
- the topological map can be supplemented in an agile manner.
- other mobile robots are informed directly of the changes and can thus adapt to new situations.
- At least two mobile logistics robots share information about their planned paths in the intelligent topological map, this information being used in at least one traffic management system to control traffic situations. For example, nodes that will be approached in the future can only be released if they are not occupied by vehicles driving in front.
- the mobile logistics robot shares the generated intelligent topological map with at least one manually or partially automatically controlled vehicle in order to enable localization of the manually or partially automatically controlled vehicle.
- the smart topological maps can also be used for manual or semi-automated vehicles and their localization.
- the invention also relates to a system for carrying out the method with at least one mobile logistics robot with a sensor system for detecting a working environment of the mobile logistics robot and a data processing unit for evaluating the sensor data.
- the system solves the problem in that landmarks are provided in the working environment of the mobile logistics robot, which are uniquely designed via an identification system and can be detected by the sensors, and the data processing unit is set up to evaluate the sensor data Recognize landmarks as such and save them as nodes in the topological map. 1
- the identification system expediently includes optical markers, while the sensor system includes at least one optical sensor, in particular a camera, which is preferably attached to the mobile logistics robot and is used for the necessary sensory perception.
- the identification system includes radio-based transmitters at the landmarks, while the sensor system includes at least one radio-based receiver.
- the invention enables navigation of automated vehicles without global metric charts.
- a map of mobile robot workspaces can be shared with other mobile robots. If a mobile robot recognizes changes in the area, other mobile robots learn from it.
- Multi-storey work areas can be handled easily and without additions using the smart topological map.
- Automated vehicles are enabled to orient themselves and localize themselves, for example, with elevators in multi-storey warehouses.
- the localization of mobile robots is no longer dependent on a global or local positioning system such as GPS, Galileo or WLAN.
- Heuristic algorithms can use the smart topological map to plan paths and tasks.
- the smart topological map can provide heuristic weighting parameters, such as distance, lane width, frequency of bends, number of people and speed limits. Because the intelligent topological map compactly bundles the nodes and edges, no global, metric occupancy grid maps have to be processed. This leads to a saving in computing time. Through an extended exchange of their planned paths, mobile robots can recognize whether other participants also have a planned path on the edges used and thus recognize upcoming traffic situations and react to them through traffic management.
- Figure 1 is a landmark in a warehouse from the perspective of a mobile logistics robot
- FIG. 2 shows the situation from FIG. 1 with the mobile logistics robot from a perspective view from above.
- FIG. 1 An example of a landmark 2 in a warehouse 5 is shown in FIG. Only one landmark 2 is shown in FIG. 1, but as a rule there are several landmarks 2 in the warehouse 5.
- the landmarks 2 can vary by an arbitrarily represented unique identifier.
- the landmarks 2 are actually placed markings that are uniquely designed via an identification system 7, for example numbers, letter codes or pictograms and can be perceived by sensors from the mobile logistics robot 1, which can be seen in the illustration in FIG.
- the landmark 2 is a sign 6 with unique ArUco markers 3 as machine-readable characters.
- the landmark 2 also contains a representation 4 for human interaction as a translation of the machine-readable characters.
- the landmarks 2 are placed in the robot area that can be driven over, ie in the working environment 8 of the mobile logistics robot 1, at prominent positions, for example intersections, curves, stations, elevators, gates.
- the mobile logistics robot can detect these unique landmarks 2 using its on-board sensors, recognize them as such and save them as nodes in a topological map.
- a smart topological map ie an intelligent topological map, is used to decouple the global navigation of the mobile logistics robot 1 from the metric environment. This smart topological map consists of nodes formed by the unique landmarks 2 .
- FIG. 2 shows the situation from FIG. 1 with the mobile logistics robot from a perspective view from above.
- the mobile logistics robot 1 can also be seen in this representation.
- several unique landmarks 2 can be seen in the form of signs 6 that are attached to prominent positions in the warehouse 5 .
- the mobile logistics robot 1 can detect these unique landmarks 2 by sensors, recognize them as such and save them as nodes in the topological map.
- the navigation of the mobile logistics robot 1 takes place along the nodes that describe the landmarks 2 in the topological map, or the recorded or loaded node network.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021006476.3A DE102021006476A1 (de) | 2021-12-29 | 2021-12-29 | Verfahren und System zur Navigation von mobilen Logistik-Robotern |
| PCT/EP2022/083645 WO2023126115A1 (de) | 2021-12-29 | 2022-11-29 | Verfahren und system zur navigation von mobilen logistik-robotern |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4457572A1 true EP4457572A1 (de) | 2024-11-06 |
Family
ID=84536164
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22823378.9A Pending EP4457572A1 (de) | 2021-12-29 | 2022-11-29 | Verfahren und system zur navigation von mobilen logistik-robotern |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4457572A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN118489095A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021006476A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023126115A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102023134149A1 (de) * | 2023-12-06 | 2025-06-12 | Still Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung | Transportroboter sowie Verfahren und System zum Betreiben eines solchen Transportroboters in einem Warenlager |
| DE102023134148A1 (de) * | 2023-12-06 | 2025-06-12 | Still Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung | Transportroboter sowie Verfahren und System zum Betreiben eines solchen Transportroboters in einem Warenlager |
| CN119960441A (zh) * | 2024-12-26 | 2025-05-09 | 四川大渡河双江口水电开发有限公司 | 融合中心化与去中心化的无人碾压机群控制系统及方法 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7634336B2 (en) * | 2005-12-08 | 2009-12-15 | Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute | Localization system and method of mobile robot based on camera and landmarks |
| KR100748245B1 (ko) * | 2005-12-09 | 2007-08-10 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 인공표식과 지역좌표계를 이용한 이동로봇의 환경지도 작성방법 및 이동 방법 |
-
2021
- 2021-12-29 DE DE102021006476.3A patent/DE102021006476A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-11-29 EP EP22823378.9A patent/EP4457572A1/de active Pending
- 2022-11-29 CN CN202280086810.6A patent/CN118489095A/zh active Pending
- 2022-11-29 WO PCT/EP2022/083645 patent/WO2023126115A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102021006476A1 (de) | 2023-06-29 |
| WO2023126115A1 (de) | 2023-07-06 |
| CN118489095A (zh) | 2024-08-13 |
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