EP4143364A1 - Component with a wear protection coating, and method for coating said component - Google Patents

Component with a wear protection coating, and method for coating said component

Info

Publication number
EP4143364A1
EP4143364A1 EP21722156.3A EP21722156A EP4143364A1 EP 4143364 A1 EP4143364 A1 EP 4143364A1 EP 21722156 A EP21722156 A EP 21722156A EP 4143364 A1 EP4143364 A1 EP 4143364A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
layer
adhesive layer
wear protection
metallic adhesive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP21722156.3A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Bernhard Mandl
Heiko GROISS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP4143364A1 publication Critical patent/EP4143364A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C23C14/024—Deposition of sublayers, e.g. to promote adhesion of the coating
    • C23C14/025—Metallic sublayers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/0605—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/0641—Nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
    • C23C14/16—Metallic material, boron or silicon on metallic substrates or on substrates of boron or silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
    • C23C28/322—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/343—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one DLC or an amorphous carbon based layer, the layer being doped or not
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
    • C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
    • C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
    • C23C28/347—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with layers adapted for cutting tools or wear applications
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/44—Details, components parts, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M59/02 - F02M59/42; Pumps having transducers, e.g. to measure displacement of pump rack or piston
    • F02M59/445—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
    • F02M2200/9038—Coatings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
    • F02M2200/9046—Multi-layered materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/02—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type
    • F02M59/10—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps of reciprocating-piston or reciprocating-cylinder type characterised by the piston-drive
    • F02M59/102—Mechanical drive, e.g. tappets or cams

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wear protection-coated component made of a steel alloy, in particular a component of a fuel injection system, the tribologically stressed surface of which is at least partially coated by a plasma process with a hard outer wear protection layer that is applied to a metallic adhesive layer.
  • the field of application of the invention extends primarily to motor vehicle technology, in particular to fuel injection systems.
  • Their components which are usually made of high-alloy steel, such as valve seats of fuel injectors, sliding bearing points in high-pressure pumps and the like, are exposed to strong pressures and frictional loads during operation, so that surfaces of the components of interest here that are subject to high tribological stress are usually provided with a hard wear protection layer, which in particular significantly reduce the coefficient of friction in tribological contacts.
  • Such wear protection layers contain, for example, chromium nitride, titanium nitride or DLC (diamond-like carbon).
  • these wear protection layers can also be used in connection with other components, for example in tool technology and to that extent as tool coatings.
  • PVD Physical Vapor Deposition
  • an additional adhesive layer made of a material with good adhesion properties - for example chrome - is usually used as an intermediate layer, which is usually arranged directly on the surface of the steel component, i.e. between it and the hard wear protection layer.
  • the wear protection layer arrangement has an outer wear protection layer formed from tetrahedral amorphous carbon or having a proportion of tetrahedrally bound amorphous carbon, as well as an adhesive layer between the surface of the component and the wear protection layer.
  • the adhesive layer provided as an intermediate layer consists essentially of titanium and also has at least one oxidation-resistant element. This reduces the high chemical reactivity of titanium and increases the resistance to oxidation in the adhesive layer, which benefits the durability of the entire wear protection arrangement.
  • the adhesive layer is also applied here using the PVD process.
  • a component to be coated consists of a high-alloy, hardened, surface-carburized or nitrided steel
  • additional material phases are formed by diffusion processes at the interface between the steel and the adhesive layer during PVD coating or during component operation, which lead to so-called delamination .
  • the unwanted diffusion process is triggered by a difference in concentration of the individual elements at the interface between the steel material of the component and the adhesive layer.
  • a additional intermediate layer for example, titanium from the intermediate layer combines here with carbon from the steel material of the component to form titanium carbide.
  • This additional intermediate layer is therefore not applied in a targeted manner, but is created by the diffusion process of the alloying elements or carbon or nitrogen from hardening processes of the steel material of the component at the interface with the adhesive layer. This results in the problem of crack formation in the additional intermediate layer, which in extreme cases can ultimately lead to the aforementioned delamination.
  • the invention includes the technical teaching that in the case of a wear protection coated component made of a steel alloy, the tribologically stressed surface of which is coated with a hard outer wear protection layer which is applied to a metallic adhesive layer.
  • Fe iron
  • the surface of the component acting as a diffusion front is separated from the adhesive layer and there is therefore no risk of delamination.
  • the additional iron layer acts as a diffusion buffer and absorbs the alloying elements of the steel material of the component, so that the interface between the iron and the adhesive layer is protected from the formation of additional material phases.
  • the metallic adhesive layer is bonded to the previously applied Fe buffer layer of the component, so that the concentration gradient of the diffusion of alloying elements from the steel material is present at the transition between the same and the Fe buffer layer, and not to the adhesive layer.
  • the Fe buffer layer is chosen so thick that the diffusion front always remains in the Fe buffer layer over the entire service life of the component. This can be ensured with a layer thickness between preferably 0.01 and 50 ⁇ m for the Fe buffer layer, depending on the component material and application.
  • the high-alloy, hardened or nitrided steel is a material that is selected from a steel group comprising chromium steels, chromium-molybdenum steels, chromium-vanadium steels, chromium-molybdenum steels Vanadium steels.
  • the wear-resistant coated component can consist of nitrided X40CrMoV5-1, which can be used for components of a fuel injector or the like.
  • the outer wear protection layer preferably consists of a tetrahedral, hydrogen-free amorphous carbon layer (Ta-C).
  • Ti-C tetrahedral, hydrogen-free amorphous carbon layer
  • CVD Chemical Vapor Deposition
  • the metallic adhesive layer preferably consists of high-purity chromium, titanium, tungsten and / or molybdenum. A mixture of titanium-aluminum or the like is also conceivable.
  • the adhesive layer increases the resistance of the hard wear protection layer and can also be applied automatically by plasma coating in a vacuum coating machine, which for this purpose deposits the adhesive layer element.
  • the adhesive layer can also be applied in multiple layers.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a wear-resistant coated component according to the invention of the earth
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of the method steps for coating the component according to FIG. 1.
  • a component 1 - shown here only schematically - consists of a hardened, high-alloy chromium-molybdenum steel.
  • the hardening process results in carbon in the material structure.
  • the component 1 is provided with a hard outer wear protection layer 2, which is designed as a generally known tetrahedral hydrogen-free amorphous carbon layer and to that extent forms a protection for the tribologically stressed surface of the component 1.
  • the hard outer wear protection layer 2 is applied to a metallic adhesive layer 3 made of high-purity chromium.
  • This metallic adhesive layer 3 is in turn applied to an Fe buffer layer 4 which is applied to the surface of the component 1.
  • the surface of the component 1 acting as a diffusion front is separated from the adhesive layer 3 by the Fe buffer layer 4 in order to prevent delamination.
  • the carbon from the steel alloy of the component 1 cannot combine with the chromium from the adhesive layer 3 to form chromium carbide, which results in an additional material phase which would lead to delamination as a result of crack formation. Instead, the diffusion process takes place entirely in the Fe buffer layer 4, so that alloying elements of the component 1 cannot penetrate as far as the adhesive layer 3.
  • a component 1 is coated with the wear protection resistant according to the invention by initially providing a component 1 made of a steel alloy in a step A. Subsequently, in a step B, an Fe buffer layer 4 is deposited on the surface of the component 1 using a plasma process. Subsequently, in a step C, a metallic adhesive layer 3 is applied to the Fe buffer layer 4 by means of a plasma process. Finally, in a step D, the outer hard wear protection layer 2 is applied to the metallic adhesive layer 3 by means of a plasma process.
  • the application of the Fe buffer layer 4, the metallic adhesive layer 3 and the hard wear protection layer 2 takes place in this embodiment by deposition using the PVD process as a plasma process, specifically by vacuum arc evaporation, in the same PVD machine after the component 1 has been provided in a cleaned state is.
  • the invention is not limited to the preferred exemplary embodiment described above. Rather, modifications thereof are also conceivable, which are also covered by the scope of protection of the following claims.
  • a vacuum arc evaporator it is also possible to use a different plasma coating method for applying the layer structure to the surface of the component.
  • This can also consist of another high-alloy steel of the steel groups specified above, which is hardened, carburized or nitrided in order to achieve a high component strength for a tribological load which preferably occurs in the context of a fuel injection system.

Abstract

The invention relates to a component (1) with a wear protection coating, said component consisting of a steel alloy, in particular a fuel injection system component, the tribologically stressed surface of which is at least partly coated with a hard outer wear protection coating (2) at least partly using a plasma method, said wear protection coating being applied onto a metal adhesive layer (3). The metal adhesive layer (3) is applied onto an Fe buffer layer (4) which is deposited onto the surface of the component (1) in order to separate the component (1) surface, which acts as the diffusion front, from the adhesive layer (3).

Description

Beschreibung description
Titel: Title:
Verschleißschutzbeschichtetes Bauteil sowie Verfahren zum Beschichten desselben Wear-resistant coated component and method for coating the same
Die Erfindung betrifft ein verschleißschutzbeschichtetes Bauteil aus einer Stahllegierung, insbesondere ein Bauteil eines Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems, dessen tribologisch beanspruchte Oberfläche zumindest teilweise per Plasmaverfahren mit einer harten äußeren Verschleißschutzschicht überzogen ist, die auf einer metallischen Haftschicht aufgebracht ist. The invention relates to a wear protection-coated component made of a steel alloy, in particular a component of a fuel injection system, the tribologically stressed surface of which is at least partially coated by a plasma process with a hard outer wear protection layer that is applied to a metallic adhesive layer.
Das Einsatzgebiet der Erfindung erstreckt sich vornehmlich auf die Kraftfahrzeugtechnik, insbesondere auf Kraftstoffeinspritzsysteme. Deren gewöhnlich aus einem hochlegierten Stahl bestehenden Bauteile, wie beispielsweise Ventilsitze von Kraftstoffinjektoren, Gleitlagerstellen bei Hochdruckpumpen und dergleichen sind im Betrieb starken Drücken und Reibbeanspruchungen ausgesetzt, so dass derartig tribologisch hoch beanspruchte Oberflächen der hier interessierenden Bauteile gewöhnlich mit einer harten Verschleißschutzschicht versehen werden, welche insbesondere die Reibwerte in tribologischen Kontakten deutlich senken. The field of application of the invention extends primarily to motor vehicle technology, in particular to fuel injection systems. Their components, which are usually made of high-alloy steel, such as valve seats of fuel injectors, sliding bearing points in high-pressure pumps and the like, are exposed to strong pressures and frictional loads during operation, so that surfaces of the components of interest here that are subject to high tribological stress are usually provided with a hard wear protection layer, which in particular significantly reduce the coefficient of friction in tribological contacts.
Solche Verschleißschutzschichten enthalten beispielsweise Chromnitrid, Titannitrid oder DLC (Diamond-like Carbon). Diese Verschleißschutzsichten können neben der Kraftfahrzeugtechnik auch im Zusammenhang mit anderen Bauteilen angewendet werden, beispielsweise in der Werkzeugtechnik und insoweit dann also als Werkzeugbeschichtungen. Stand der Technik Such wear protection layers contain, for example, chromium nitride, titanium nitride or DLC (diamond-like carbon). In addition to motor vehicle technology, these wear protection layers can also be used in connection with other components, for example in tool technology and to that extent as tool coatings. State of the art
Ein allgemein bekanntes Verfahren, um derartige Verschleißschutzschichten auf einer Bauteiloberfläche abzuscheiden, ist das PVD-Verfahren (PVD = Physical Vapor Deposition), welches unter anderem nach dem Prinzip der Vakuumbogenverdampfung arbeiten kann. Zur Erhöhung der Schichtanbindung kommt als Zwischenschicht gewöhnlich eine zusätzliche Haftschicht aus einem Material mit guten Adhäsionseigenschaften - beispielsweise Chrom - zum Einsatz, welche in der Regel direkt auf die Oberfläche des Stahlbauteils, also zwischen diesem und der harten Verschleißschutzschicht angeordnet ist. A well-known method of depositing such wear protection layers on a component surface is the PVD method (PVD = Physical Vapor Deposition), which can work, among other things, on the principle of vacuum arc evaporation. To increase the layer connection, an additional adhesive layer made of a material with good adhesion properties - for example chrome - is usually used as an intermediate layer, which is usually arranged directly on the surface of the steel component, i.e. between it and the hard wear protection layer.
Aus der DE 10 2009 003 192 Al geht eine Verschleißschutzschichtanordnung hervor, die im PVD-Verfahren, vorzugsweise unter Vakuum, auf die zu schützende Oberfläche eines Bauteils aufgebracht ist. Die Verschleißschutzschichtanordnung weist eine aus tetraedisch gebundenem amorphen Kohlenstoff gebildete oder einen Anteil an tetraedisch gebundenem amorphen Kohlenstoff aufweisende äußere Verschleißschutzschicht sowie eine Haftschicht zwischen der Oberfläche des Bauteils und der Verschleißschutzschicht auf. Die als Zwischenschicht vorgesehene Haftschicht besteht im Wesentlichen aus Titan und weist außerdem wenigstens ein oxidationsbeständiges Element auf. Hierdurch wird die hohe chemische Reaktivität von Titan vermindert und die Oxidationsbeständigkeit in der Haftschicht erhöht, was der Beständigkeit der gesamten Verschleißschutzanordnung zugutekommt. Auch die Haftschicht wird hier im PVD-Verfahren aufgebracht. DE 10 2009 003 192 A1 discloses a wear protection layer arrangement which is applied to the surface of a component to be protected using the PVD method, preferably under vacuum. The wear protection layer arrangement has an outer wear protection layer formed from tetrahedral amorphous carbon or having a proportion of tetrahedrally bound amorphous carbon, as well as an adhesive layer between the surface of the component and the wear protection layer. The adhesive layer provided as an intermediate layer consists essentially of titanium and also has at least one oxidation-resistant element. This reduces the high chemical reactivity of titanium and increases the resistance to oxidation in the adhesive layer, which benefits the durability of the entire wear protection arrangement. The adhesive layer is also applied here using the PVD process.
Besteht ein zu beschichtendes Bauteil aus einem hochlegierten, gehärteten, oberflächenkarburierten oder nitrierten Stahl, werden durch Diffusionsprozesse zusätzliche Materialphasen an der Grenzfläche zwischen Stahl und Haftschicht während der PVD-Beschichtung oder im Bauteilbetrieb gebildet, welche zu einer so genannten Delamination, also einer Schichtenthaftung, führen. Der unerwünschte Diffusionsprozess wird durch einen Konzentrationsunterschied der einzelnen Elemente an der Grenzfläche zwischen dem Stahlmaterial des Bauteils und der Haftschicht ausgelöst. Falls sich Haftschichtmaterial und Diffusionsmaterial zu einer stabilen Phase verbinden können, entsteht eine zusätzliche Zwischenschicht; beispielsweise vereint sich hierin Titan aus der Zwischenschicht mit Kohlenstoff aus dem Stahlmaterial des Bauteils zu Titancarbid. Diese zusätzliche Zwischenschicht wird also nicht gezielt aufgetragen, sondern entsteht durch den Diffusionsprozess der Legierungselemente oder Kohlenstoff bzw. Stickstoff aus Härteprozessen des Stahlmaterials des Bauteils an der Grenzfläche zur Haftschicht. Hieraus resultiert das Problem einer Rissbildung in der zusätzlichen Zwischenschicht, was im Extremfall schließlich zu der vorstehend erwähnten Delamination führen kann. If a component to be coated consists of a high-alloy, hardened, surface-carburized or nitrided steel, additional material phases are formed by diffusion processes at the interface between the steel and the adhesive layer during PVD coating or during component operation, which lead to so-called delamination . The unwanted diffusion process is triggered by a difference in concentration of the individual elements at the interface between the steel material of the component and the adhesive layer. If the adhesive layer material and diffusion material can combine to form a stable phase, a additional intermediate layer; for example, titanium from the intermediate layer combines here with carbon from the steel material of the component to form titanium carbide. This additional intermediate layer is therefore not applied in a targeted manner, but is created by the diffusion process of the alloying elements or carbon or nitrogen from hardening processes of the steel material of the component at the interface with the adhesive layer. This results in the problem of crack formation in the additional intermediate layer, which in extreme cases can ultimately lead to the aforementioned delamination.
Es ist daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein verschleißschutzbeschichtetes Bauteil der gattungsgemäßen Art dahingehend weiter zu verbessern, dass mit einfachen technischen Mitteln eine zuverlässige Schichthaftung der äußeren Verschleißschutzschicht an der Oberfläche selbst eines hochlegierten, gehärteten oder nitrierten Stahlbauteils erzielt wird. It is therefore the object of the present invention to further improve a wear protection coated component of the generic type in such a way that a reliable layer adhesion of the outer wear protection layer to the surface even of a high-alloy, hardened or nitrided steel component is achieved with simple technical means.
Offenbarung der Erfindung Disclosure of the invention
Die Aufgabe wird ausgehend von einem verschleißschutzbeschichteten Bauteil gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1 in Verbindung mit dessen kennzeichnenden Merkmalen gelöst. Im Hinblick auf ein Herstellungsverfahren zum Beschichten des Bauteils wird auf Anspruch 6 verwiesen. Der Anspruch 9 gibt als bevorzugte Anwendung ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem mit einem erfindungsgemäß verschleißschutzbeschichteten Bauteil an. Die jeweils rückbezogenen abhängigen Ansprüche widmen sich vorteilhaften Weiterbildungen der Erfindung. The object is achieved on the basis of a wear-resistant coated component according to the preamble of claim 1 in connection with its characterizing features. With regard to a production method for coating the component, reference is made to claim 6. Claim 9 specifies, as a preferred application, a fuel injection system with a component coated with wear protection according to the invention. The dependent claims that refer back in each case are devoted to advantageous developments of the invention.
Die Erfindung schließt die technische Lehre ein, dass bei einem verschleißschutzbeschichteten Bauteil aus einer Stahllegierung, dessen tribologisch beanspruchte Oberfläche mit einer harten äußeren Verschleißschutzschicht überzogen ist, die auf einer metallischen Haftschicht aufgebracht ist. Diese metallische Haftschicht ist wiederum nicht unmittelbar auf das Bauteil aufgetragen, sondern auf einer Fe- Pufferschicht (Fe = Eisen), welche als weitere Zwischenschicht auf der Oberfläche des Bauteils aufgetragen ist. Hierdurch wird die als Diffusionsfront wirkende Oberfläche des Bauteils von der Haftschicht getrennt und eine Delamination ist daher nicht zu befürchten. Denn die zusätzliche Eisenschicht wirkt als Diffusionspuffer und nimmt die Legierungselemente des Stahlmaterials des Bauteils auf, so dass die Grenzfläche zwischen dem Eisen und der Haftschicht vor der Bildung zusätzlicher Materialphasen geschützt ist. The invention includes the technical teaching that in the case of a wear protection coated component made of a steel alloy, the tribologically stressed surface of which is coated with a hard outer wear protection layer which is applied to a metallic adhesive layer. This metallic adhesive layer is in turn not applied directly to the component, but on an Fe buffer layer (Fe = iron), which is applied as a further intermediate layer on the surface of the component. As a result, the surface of the component acting as a diffusion front is separated from the adhesive layer and there is therefore no risk of delamination. This is because the additional iron layer acts as a diffusion buffer and absorbs the alloying elements of the steel material of the component, so that the interface between the iron and the adhesive layer is protected from the formation of additional material phases.
Mit anderen Worten erfolgt erfindungsgemäß eine Anbindung der metallischen Haftschicht an der zuvor aufgetragenen Fe- Pufferschicht des Bauteils, so dass der Konzentrationsgradient der Diffusion von Legierungselementen aus dem Stahlmaterial am Übergang zwischen demselben und der Fe- Pufferschicht vorhanden ist, und nicht an der Haftschicht. Dabei ist die Fe- Pufferschicht so dick gewählt, dass die Diffusionsfront über die gesamte Lebensdauer des Bauteils immer in der Fe- Pufferschicht verbleibt. Dies kann sichergestellt werden mit einer Schichtdicke zwischen vorzugsweise 0,01 und 50 pm für die Fe- Pufferschicht, je nach Bauteilmaterial und Anwendungsfall. In other words, according to the invention, the metallic adhesive layer is bonded to the previously applied Fe buffer layer of the component, so that the concentration gradient of the diffusion of alloying elements from the steel material is present at the transition between the same and the Fe buffer layer, and not to the adhesive layer. The Fe buffer layer is chosen so thick that the diffusion front always remains in the Fe buffer layer over the entire service life of the component. This can be ensured with a layer thickness between preferably 0.01 and 50 μm for the Fe buffer layer, depending on the component material and application.
Hierdurch ist vorteilhafter Weise an der Grenzfläche zwischen der Fe- Pufferschicht und der Haftschicht kein Konzentrationsgradient mehr vorhanden, so dass keine Delamination zu befürchten ist. As a result, there is advantageously no longer a concentration gradient at the interface between the Fe buffer layer and the adhesive layer, so that there is no risk of delamination.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform für das Bauteil-Material kommt als hochlegierter, gehärteter oder nitrierter Stahl ein Material in Frage, das ausgewählt ist aus einer Stahlgruppe, umfassend Chrom-Stähle, Chrom- Molybdän-Stähle, Chrom- Vanadium-Stähle, Chrom-Molybdän- Vanadium-Stähle. Beispielsweise kann das verschleißschutzbeschichtete Bauteil aus nitriertem X40CrMoV5-l bestehen, welches für Komponenten eines Kraftstoffinjektors oder dergleichen verwendet werden kann. According to a preferred embodiment for the component material, the high-alloy, hardened or nitrided steel is a material that is selected from a steel group comprising chromium steels, chromium-molybdenum steels, chromium-vanadium steels, chromium-molybdenum steels Vanadium steels. For example, the wear-resistant coated component can consist of nitrided X40CrMoV5-1, which can be used for components of a fuel injector or the like.
Um dabei eine hinreichende äußere Schichthärte zu gewährleisten, besteht die äußere Verschleißschutzschicht vorzugsweise aus einer tetraedischen wasserstofffreien amorphen Kohlenstoffschicht (Ta-C). Das vorstehend beschriebene verschleißschutzbeschichtete Bauteil lässt sich vorzugsweise durch ein Beschichtungsverfahren hersteilen, welches die folgenden Schritte umfasst: In order to ensure adequate outer layer hardness, the outer wear protection layer preferably consists of a tetrahedral, hydrogen-free amorphous carbon layer (Ta-C). The wear protection coated component described above can preferably be produced by a coating process which comprises the following steps:
- Bereitstellen eines aus einer Stahllegierung bestehenden Bauteils, - Provision of a component made of a steel alloy,
- Aufträgen einer Fe- Pufferschicht auf die Oberfläche des Bauteils, vorzugsweise durch Vakuumbogenverdampfen, - Application of an Fe buffer layer on the surface of the component, preferably by vacuum arc evaporation,
- Aufträgen einer metallischen Haftschicht auf die Fe- Pufferschicht, vorzugsweise durch Vakuumbogenverdampfen, - Application of a metallic adhesive layer on the Fe buffer layer, preferably by vacuum arc evaporation,
- Aufträgen einer harten Verschleißschutzschicht auf die metallische Haftschicht, vorzugsweise durch reaktives Vakuumbogenverdampfen. - Application of a hard wear protection layer on the metallic adhesive layer, preferably by reactive vacuum arc evaporation.
All die Auftragungsschritte können dabei in derselben Beschichtungsmaschine durchgeführt werden. Vorzugsweise wird wenigstens ein Teil der Schichten mit einem PVD- oder CVD- Verfahren (CVD = Chemical Vapor Deposition) aufgetragen, wofür insbesondere ein gepulstes oder ungepulstes Vakuumbogenverdampfen geeignet ist. All the application steps can be carried out in the same coating machine. At least some of the layers are preferably applied using a PVD or CVD process (CVD = Chemical Vapor Deposition), for which pulsed or unpulsed vacuum arc evaporation is particularly suitable.
Die metallische Haftschicht besteht vorzugsweise aus hochreinem Chrom, Titan, Wolfram und/oder Molybdän. Denkbar ist ebenfalls ein Gemisch aus Titan- Aluminium oder dergleichen. Die Haftschicht erhöht die Beständigkeit der harten Verschleißschutzschicht und kann ebenfalls per Plasmabeschichtung automatisiert in einer Vakuumbeschichtungsmaschine aufgebracht werden, welche zu diesem Zweck das Haftschichtelement abscheidet. Die Haftschicht kann auch mehrlagig aufgebracht werden. The metallic adhesive layer preferably consists of high-purity chromium, titanium, tungsten and / or molybdenum. A mixture of titanium-aluminum or the like is also conceivable. The adhesive layer increases the resistance of the hard wear protection layer and can also be applied automatically by plasma coating in a vacuum coating machine, which for this purpose deposits the adhesive layer element. The adhesive layer can also be applied in multiple layers.
Ausführungsbeispiel Embodiment
Weitere die Erfindung verbessernde Maßnahmen werden nachstehend gemeinsam mit der Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher dargestellt. Es zeigt: Further measures improving the invention are shown in more detail below together with the description of a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures. It shows:
Fig. 1 einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch ein verschleißschutzbeschichtetes Bauteil gemäß der Erdfindung, und Fig. 2 einen Ablaufplan der Verfahrensschritte zum Beschichten des Bauteils nach Fig. 1. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a wear-resistant coated component according to the invention of the earth, and FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of the method steps for coating the component according to FIG. 1.
Gemäß Fig. 1 besteht ein - hier nur schematisch dargestelltes - Bauteil 1 aus einem gehärteten, hochlegierten Chrom-Molybdän-Stahl. Aus dem Härteprozess resultiert Kohlenstoff im Materialgefüge. Das Bauteil 1 ist mit einer harten äußeren Verschleißschutzschicht 2 versehen, die als eine allgemein bekannte tetraedische wasserstofffreie amorphe Kohlenstoffschicht ausgebildet ist und insoweit einen Schutz für die tribologisch beanspruchte Oberfläche des Bauteils 1 bildet. According to FIG. 1, a component 1 - shown here only schematically - consists of a hardened, high-alloy chromium-molybdenum steel. The hardening process results in carbon in the material structure. The component 1 is provided with a hard outer wear protection layer 2, which is designed as a generally known tetrahedral hydrogen-free amorphous carbon layer and to that extent forms a protection for the tribologically stressed surface of the component 1.
Die harte äußere Verschleißschutzschicht 2 ist auf einer metallischen Haftschicht 3 aus hochreinem Chrom aufgebracht. Diese metallische Haftschicht 3 ist wiederum auf einer Fe- Pufferschicht 4 aufgebracht, die auf der Oberfläche des Bauteils 1 aufgetragen ist. Durch die Fe- Pufferschicht 4 wird die als Diffusionsfront wirkende Oberfläche des Bauteils 1 von der Haftschicht 3 getrennt, um eine Delamination zu verhindern. Konkret kann sich hier das Kohlenstoff aus der Stahllegierung des Bauteils 1 nicht mit dem Chrom aus der Haftschicht 3 zu Chromcarbid verbinden, woraus eine zusätzliche Materialphase resultiert, welche zur Delamination infolge Rissbildung führen würde. Stattdessen findet der Diffusionsprozess gänzlich in der Fe- Pufferschicht 4 statt, so dass Legierungselemente des Bauteils 1 nicht bis zur Haftschicht 3 Vordringen können. The hard outer wear protection layer 2 is applied to a metallic adhesive layer 3 made of high-purity chromium. This metallic adhesive layer 3 is in turn applied to an Fe buffer layer 4 which is applied to the surface of the component 1. The surface of the component 1 acting as a diffusion front is separated from the adhesive layer 3 by the Fe buffer layer 4 in order to prevent delamination. Specifically, the carbon from the steel alloy of the component 1 cannot combine with the chromium from the adhesive layer 3 to form chromium carbide, which results in an additional material phase which would lead to delamination as a result of crack formation. Instead, the diffusion process takes place entirely in the Fe buffer layer 4, so that alloying elements of the component 1 cannot penetrate as far as the adhesive layer 3.
Gemäß Fig. 2 erfolgt die Beschichtung eines Bauteils 1 mit dem erfindungsgemäß widerständigen Verschleißschutz, indem in einem Schritt A zunächst ein aus einer Stahllegierung bestehendes Bauteil 1 bereitgestellt wird. Anschließend wird in einem Schritt B eine Fe- Pufferschicht 4 per Plasmaverfahren auf die Oberfläche des Bauteils 1 abgeschieden. Nachfolgend wird in einem Schritt C eine metallische Haftschicht 3 auf die Fe- Pufferschicht 4 per Plasmaverfahren aufgetragen. Schließlich wird in einem Schritt D die äußere harte Verschleißschutzschicht 2 auf die metallische Haftschicht 3 per Plasmaverfahren aufgetragen. Das Aufträgen der Fe-Pufferschicht 4, der metallischen Haftschicht 3 sowie der harten Verschleißschutzschicht 2 erfolgt bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel durch Abscheidung mittels PVD-Verfahren als Plasmaverfahren, konkret per Vakuumbogenverdampfen, in derselben PVD-Maschine, nachdem das Bauteil 1 in einem gereinigten Zustand bereitgestellt worden ist. According to FIG. 2, a component 1 is coated with the wear protection resistant according to the invention by initially providing a component 1 made of a steel alloy in a step A. Subsequently, in a step B, an Fe buffer layer 4 is deposited on the surface of the component 1 using a plasma process. Subsequently, in a step C, a metallic adhesive layer 3 is applied to the Fe buffer layer 4 by means of a plasma process. Finally, in a step D, the outer hard wear protection layer 2 is applied to the metallic adhesive layer 3 by means of a plasma process. The application of the Fe buffer layer 4, the metallic adhesive layer 3 and the hard wear protection layer 2 takes place in this embodiment by deposition using the PVD process as a plasma process, specifically by vacuum arc evaporation, in the same PVD machine after the component 1 has been provided in a cleaned state is.
Die Erfindung ist nicht beschränkt auf das vorstehend beschriebene bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiel. Es sind vielmehr auch Abwandlungen hiervon denkbar, welche vom Schutzbereich der nachfolgenden Ansprüche mit umfasst sind. So ist es beispielsweise auch möglich, anstelle eines Vakuumbogenverdampfers auch ein anderes Plasmabeschichtungsverfahren zum Aufträgen des Schichtaufbaus auf die Oberfläche des Bauteils zu verwenden. Dieses kann auch aus einem anderen hochlegierten Stahl der vorstehend angegebenen Stahlgruppen bestehen, welcher gehärtet, karburiert oder nitriert ist, um eine hohe Bauteilfestigkeit für eine vorzugsweise im Rahmen eines Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems auftretende tribologische Belastung zu erzielen. The invention is not limited to the preferred exemplary embodiment described above. Rather, modifications thereof are also conceivable, which are also covered by the scope of protection of the following claims. For example, instead of a vacuum arc evaporator, it is also possible to use a different plasma coating method for applying the layer structure to the surface of the component. This can also consist of another high-alloy steel of the steel groups specified above, which is hardened, carburized or nitrided in order to achieve a high component strength for a tribological load which preferably occurs in the context of a fuel injection system.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Verschleißschutzbeschichtetes Bauteil (1) aus einer Stahllegierung, insbesondere ein Bauteil eines Kraftstoffeinspritzsystems, dessen tribologisch beanspruchte Oberfläche zumindest teilweise per Plasmaverfahren mit einer harten äußeren Verschleißschutzschicht (2) überzogen ist, die auf einer metallischen Haftschicht (3) aufgebracht ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die metallische Haftschicht (3) auf einer Fe- Pufferschicht (4) aufgebracht ist, die auf der Oberfläche des Bauteils (1) aufgetragen ist, um die als Diffusionsfront wirkende Oberfläche des Bauteils (1) von der Haftschicht (3) zu trennen. 1. Wear protection-coated component (1) made of a steel alloy, in particular a component of a fuel injection system, the tribologically stressed surface of which is at least partially coated by plasma process with a hard outer wear protection layer (2) which is applied to a metallic adhesive layer (3), characterized in that, that the metallic adhesive layer (3) is applied to an Fe buffer layer (4) which is applied to the surface of the component (1) in order to separate the surface of the component (1) acting as a diffusion front from the adhesive layer (3).
2. Bauteil (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fe- Pufferschicht (4) mit einer Schichtdicke zwischen 0,01 und 50 Mikrometern aufgetragen ist. 2. Component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the Fe buffer layer (4) is applied with a layer thickness between 0.01 and 50 micrometers.
3. Bauteil (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die metallische Haftschicht (3) aus hochreinem Chrom, Titan, Molybdän und/oder Wolfram besteht. 3. Component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the metallic adhesive layer (3) consists of high-purity chromium, titanium, molybdenum and / or tungsten.
4. Bauteil (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Bauteils (1) als legierter, hochlegierter, gehärteter, karburierter oder nitrierter Stahl ausgeführt ist, ausgewählt aus einer Stahlgruppe, umfassend: Chrom-Stähle, Chrom-Molybdän-Stähle, Chrom- Vanadium-Stähle, Chrom-Molybdän-Vanadium-Stähle. 4. Component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the component (1) is designed as an alloyed, high-alloy, hardened, carburized or nitrided steel, selected from a steel group comprising: chrome steels, chrome-molybdenum steels, Chrome-vanadium steels, chrome-molybdenum-vanadium steels.
5. Bauteil (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die äußere Verschleißschutzschicht (2) als eine tetraedrische wasserstofffreie amorphe Kohlenstoffschicht (ta-C) oder als eine Schicht aus Chromnitrid, Titannitrid oder Aluminiumtitannitrid ausgebildet ist. 5. Component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer wear protection layer (2) is designed as a tetrahedral hydrogen-free amorphous carbon layer (ta-C) or as a layer of chromium nitride, titanium nitride or aluminum titanium nitride.
6. Verfahren zum Beschichten eines Bauteils (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, umfassend die folgenden Schritte: 6. A method for coating a component (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps:
- Bereitstellen (A) eines aus einer Stahllegierung bestehenden Bauteils (1),- Providing (A) a component (1) consisting of a steel alloy,
- Aufträgen (B) einer Fe- Pufferschicht (4) auf die Oberfläche des Bauteils (1), - Aufträgen (C) einer metallischen Haftschicht (3) auf die Fe- Pufferschicht (4),- Applications (B) of an Fe buffer layer (4) on the surface of the component (1), - Applications (C) of a metallic adhesive layer (3) on the Fe buffer layer (4),
- Aufträgen (D) einer harten Verschleißschutzschicht (2) auf die metallische Haftschicht (3). - Applications (D) of a hard wear protection layer (2) on the metallic adhesive layer (3).
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Fe- Pufferschicht (4), die metallische7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the Fe buffer layer (4), the metallic
Haftschicht (3) und/oder die harte Verschleißschutzschicht (2) mit einem PVD- oder CVD-Verfahren aufgetragen werden. Adhesive layer (3) and / or the hard wear protection layer (2) can be applied using a PVD or CVD process.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Aufträgen per Vakuumbogenverdampfen durchgeführt wird. 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the application is carried out by vacuum arc evaporation.
9. Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem eines Kraftfahrzeuges mit mindestens einem tribogisch belasteten, verschleißschutzbeschichtetem Bauteil (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5. 9. The fuel injection system of a motor vehicle with at least one tribogically loaded component (1) with a wear protection coating according to one of claims 1 to 5.
EP21722156.3A 2020-04-30 2021-04-23 Component with a wear protection coating, and method for coating said component Withdrawn EP4143364A1 (en)

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