EP4143128A1 - Système de transfert et de drainage gravitationnel d'un gaz sous forme liquide - Google Patents
Système de transfert et de drainage gravitationnel d'un gaz sous forme liquideInfo
- Publication number
- EP4143128A1 EP4143128A1 EP21732394.8A EP21732394A EP4143128A1 EP 4143128 A1 EP4143128 A1 EP 4143128A1 EP 21732394 A EP21732394 A EP 21732394A EP 4143128 A1 EP4143128 A1 EP 4143128A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- liquid form
- main pipe
- return
- valve
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 276
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 273
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012279 drainage procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D9/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids when loading or unloading ships
- B67D9/02—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids when loading or unloading ships using articulated pipes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D9/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids when loading or unloading ships
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/04—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring fuels, lubricants or mixed fuels and lubricants
- B67D7/0401—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring fuels, lubricants or mixed fuels and lubricants arrangements for automatically fuelling vehicles, i.e. without human intervention
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/06—Details or accessories
- B67D7/36—Arrangements of flow- or pressure-control valves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D7/00—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
- B67D7/04—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring fuels, lubricants or mixed fuels and lubricants
- B67D7/0401—Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes for transferring fuels, lubricants or mixed fuels and lubricants arrangements for automatically fuelling vehicles, i.e. without human intervention
- B67D2007/0444—Sensors
- B67D2007/0446—Sensors measuring physical properties of the fluid to be dispensed
- B67D2007/0451—Temperature
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of transferring and / or storing gas in liquid form, and more particularly systems for transferring gas in liquid form from an entity for transporting and / or storing gas in liquid form to an entity. other.
- Gas in liquid form is transported from one place to another on a regular basis by sea. Such transport begins with a gas loading step in liquid form of a maritime vehicle.
- a ship suitable for this type of transport for example an LNG carrier, a barge, can thus recover a gas cargo in liquid form from a gas storage platform in liquid form such as a floating re-liquefaction unit, an onshore tank or a gravity platform (in English “GBS” for “Gravity Based Stucture”).
- the pipe must be disconnected from the receiving vessel.
- a disconnection link presents risks, mainly due to the fact that the gas in liquid form is at cryogenic temperature, for example of the order of -160 ° C. and potentially at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure. Therefore, if gas in liquid form is still present within the conduct once the transfer is complete, it will flow, or even wander projected, by the terminal left free to conduct it when it is disconnected. Due to its cryogenic temperature, the gas under Liquid form can cause serious human and / or material damage if it leaks into the storage unit or the transport vessel. Such flow can also pollute the environment if it falls directly into the sea.
- the present invention makes it possible to simplify and shorten this operation by providing a system for transferring gas in liquid form between two units of gas in liquid form, comprising a main line configured to transfer gas in liquid form from a source vessel.
- a source unit of gas in liquid form to a receiving vessel of a receiving unit of gas in liquid form said main conduit comprising at least a first portion and a second flexible portion
- the transfer system comprising an articulated device for supporting the main conduit, the first portion being integral with the articulated support device and configured to take the gas in liquid form contained in the source tank, characterized in that the transfer system comprises at least one return conduit configured to channel the gas in the form liquid present in the main pipe to the source tank, the gas transfer system in the form of iquid being configured to gravitational drain the gas in liquid form present in the main conduit to the source vessel via the return conduit.
- the gravitational drainage ensures the return of the gas in liquid form in the source tank in a simplified manner, insofar as only the return pipe must be connected to the main pipe.
- the transfer system according to the invention also makes it possible to speed up the drainage procedure, the gas in liquid form being evacuated from the main conduct more quickly than by forcing the evaporation of the gas under. liquid form.
- the gas in liquid form drained returns to the source tank and thus makes it possible to limit the overall energy losses compared to an operation of evaporation of the gas in liquid form where the evaporated gas will have to roam reliquefied or burnt by the unire of gas in liquid form.
- unit of gas in liquid form corresponds to floating structures, for example a barge, an LNG carrier, an offshore type platform, or even to an onshore structure, for example an onshore tank, a quay in a port area. , a gravity platform.
- the transfer of gas in liquid form can thus take place from a floating structure to another floating structure, from a terrestrial structure to a floating structure, or even from a floating structure to a terrestrial structure.
- the gas in liquid form is transferred from the gas source unit in liquid form to the gas receiving unit in liquid form.
- the first portion of the main conduit opens onto the source vessel so that the gas in liquid form contained in the latter can circulate within the first portion for the transfer operation.
- the first portion wanders rigid or flexible and extends mainly along the articulated main pipe support device.
- the articulated support device can be a crane comprising a mast and an arm.
- the hinged support device carries the first portion of the main line and can be remotely controlled in order to expand and thereby facilitate connection of the main line to the receiving unit for gas in liquid form.
- the second flexible portion is arranged in the continuity of the first portion and is linked to the latter.
- the flexibility of the second flexible portion guarantees freedom of movement thereof and thus allows relative movements between the source unit of gas in liquid form and the receiving unit of gas in liquid form, in particular due to the swell.
- the return line is connected to the main line. It is also possible that the return line is connected to the main line as soon as the latter is connected to the receiving unit for gas in liquid form. In the latter case, the return line is sealed so that the gas in liquid form does not flow through it during the operation of transferring the gas in liquid form.
- the return line is flexible in order to facilitate connection to the main line and to the source tank. In addition, the flexibility of the return line allows relative movements between the source unit of gas in liquid form and the receiving unit of gas in liquid form, in particular due to the swell.
- the return line extends from the main line to the source vessel of the liquid gas source unit.
- the gas in liquid form which remains in the main pipe after the operation of transferring gas in liquid form is therefore able to return to the source tank via the return pipe. After making sure that there is no gas in liquid form left in the main line and the return line, the latter can be disconnected from the main line. Then main line is safely disconnected from the receiving unit for liquid gas.
- the transfer system also includes an unmentioned return gas line between the gas source unit in liquid form and the gas receiver unit in liquid form when the storages are at substantially equivalent pressures.
- This gas pipe ensures a return of the gas from the unit receiving gas in liquid form to the source unit of gas in liquid form in order to balance the pressure between the tanks of the receiving unit of gas in liquid form and the gas supply unit. source unit of gas in liquid form when transferring gas in liquid form.
- the return pipe comprises a first end connected to the main pipe and a second end configured to open into the source vessel of the source unit of gas in liquid form, the second end of the gas pipe. return being vertically lower than the first end of the return line.
- gas in liquid form must flow naturally through the return line from the main line to the source vessel.
- the first end of the return pipe, connected to the main pipe is arranged at a height greater than that of the second end of the return pipe, which is connected to the source tank.
- Such a height differential can be determined with respect to a horizontal or substantially horizontal reference frame, for example the sea level.
- the height difference between the two ends of the return line is at least three to four meters in order to optimize the operation of draining the gas in liquid form.
- the second flexible portion of the main pipe comprises a first end and a second end, the first end of the second flexible portion being integral with the articulated support device.
- the second flexible portion is a continuity of the first portion through a direct connection between the latter and the first end of the second flexible portion, a junction between the first portion and the second flexible portion of the pipe.
- main being able to consist of a safety organ for example.
- the articulated support device carrying the first portion, the latter indirectly supports the second flexible portion.
- the articulated support device is able to move so as to lift the first end of the second flexible portion so that said first end is found vertically higher than the second end of the second flexible portion.
- the purpose of such a maneuver is to create a downward slope between the first end of the second flexible portion and the second end of the second flexible portion in order to collect all the gas in liquid form which remained in the main pipe at level d.
- a zone of the main pipe said zone being preferably situated near the first end of the return pipe in order to optimize the drainage of the gas in liquid form.
- the first end of the return line is connected to the main line by means of a first connection / disconnection device.
- a connection / disconnection device allows rapid connection and disconnection of the return line and ensures optimum sealing when it is connected.
- the main pipe is adapted to allow the connection of the return pipe by means of the first connection / disconnection device.
- the drainage of gas in liquid form is activated by at least one valve located on the return pipe.
- the valve allows or prohibits the circulation of gas in liquid form within the return pipe.
- the valve is thus logically closed during the gas transfer operation in liquid form so that the latter can circulate from the source tank to the receiving tank by through the main pipe.
- the valve is then opened in order to allow the circulation of gas in liquid form within the return pipe.
- the valve is kept open throughout the operation of draining the gas in liquid form.
- the valve is then closed once the operation of draining the gas in liquid form is completed.
- the return line can be connected at the same time as the main line or during the transfer of gas in liquid form or at the end of the transfer of gas in liquid form.
- the first end of the return line comprises a first valve and a second valve, the second end of the return line comprising a third valve and a fourth valve.
- the plurality of valves at the ends of the return line makes it possible in particular to regulate the flow of gas in liquid form flowing within the return line.
- at least one of the valves located at the level of the first end of the return line is gradually opened so as not to circulate a quantity too much gas in liquid form at once. The gradual opening of at least one of the valves of the return line thus makes it possible to avoid damaging the return line following an excessive flow of gas in liquid form circulating in the return line or too sudden a pressure difference that can create a two-phase flow in the pipe.
- the return pipe comprises an emergency disconnection device.
- the emergency disconnection device makes it possible to separate the return line from the main line before mechanical stresses exerted on the return line damage it irreversibly.
- the main line and the return line are urgently disconnected, their ends are equipped with an automatic closing device that prevents the flow of gas in liquid form.
- the emergency disconnection device and the first connection / disconnection device may be a single device. In this case, it is at the connection to the main line that the return line becomes unhooked.
- the emergency disconnection device can also be independent of the first connection / disconnection device and be disposed between the first end of the return line and the second end of the return line. Thus, in the event of excessively high mechanical stresses, the return line opens in two parts.
- the return line comprises at least one pressure sensor and at least one return line temperature sensor.
- the pressure sensor and the temperature sensor can be disposed between the first end and the second end of the return line and respectively measure the pressure and temperature within the return line.
- the pressure measurement makes it possible to determine when it is possible to carry out a pressurization operation of the main line and the return line in order to push the gas in liquid form remaining in the main line which could not be obtained. gravitational drained.
- Pressurization can be carried out with an inert gas such as dinitrogen. Pressurization can also be carried out by a vapor phase of the gas in liquid form coming from the source vessel itself.
- this pressurization operation is not possible if the pressure in the return line is too high. Too high a pressure can cause gas to circulate in liquid form within a pressurization line.
- the pressure sensor therefore makes it possible to check whether the pressure is sufficiently low in the return line to initiate the pressurization operation in complete safety.
- the temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature in the return line. By measuring the temperature, it is possible to check whether there is any gas in liquid form in the return line. The presence of gas in liquid form within the return pipe is illustrated by a very low temperature recorded by the temperature sensor. A minimum temperature threshold can be defined, considering that there is no longer any gas in liquid form in the return pipe as soon as the temperature measured is greater than said temperature threshold.
- the return pipe has a passage section of between 300mm 2 and 2000mm 2 .
- the diameter of the return duct is between 20mm and 50mm approximately. It has been verified that a return conduit having a cross-section of passage makes it possible to avoid a potential boiling of gas in liquid form when the latter circulates in the return conduit.
- the circulation of gas in liquid form within the main pipe is activated by at least a first valve disposed on the main pipe.
- the first valve authorizes or not the circulation of gas in liquid form within the main pipe.
- the first valve is opened so that the gas in liquid form can flow from the source tank to the receiving tank via the main pipe.
- the first fear valve wanders closed in order to isolate the gas in liquid form which remained in the main line and intended to flow through the return line.
- the transfer system comprises a member for circulating gas in liquid form which transfers the gas in liquid form from the source vessel to the receiving vessel via the main pipe.
- the gas circulator in liquid form circulates the gas in liquid form within the main pipe during the transfer operation.
- the circulating member is in the form of a gas pump in liquid form. The device for circulating gas in liquid form is started after the main pipe is connected to the receiving unit for gas in liquid form.
- the rransferr system comprises a pressurization line connected to the main pipe and configured to evacuate the gas under liquid form present in the main pipe and in the return pipe.
- the pressurization line makes it possible to introduce a fluid, for example an inert gas such as nitrogen.
- a fluid for example an inert gas such as nitrogen.
- the pressurization line thus makes it possible to evacuate the traces of gas in liquid form which have not been drained by gravity, and thus to guarantee total evacuation of the gas in liquid form.
- the fluid thus pushes the gas in liquid form into the source tank. If the fluid is at room temperature, it evaporates the remaining gas in liquid form.
- the main conduit comprises a third portion, said third portion comprising a first termination provided with a manifold and a second termination configured to open into the receiving vessel.
- the third portion of the main pipe is located at the level of the receiver unit for gas in liquid form, so that the second termination can open into the receiver tank.
- the function of the manifold is to parricipate the loading and / or unloading of gas in liquid form by connecting two portions of pipe allowing the transfer of gas in liquid form.
- the third portion therefore allows the circulation of gas in liquid form from the manifold to the receiving tank.
- the third portion comprises at least one second valve arranged between the manifold of the third portion and the second termination of the third portion.
- the second valve participates in the aurorisarion or the inrerdicrion of the circulation of gas in liquid form within the main pipe.
- the second valve is therefore open during the transfer operation, like the first valve mentioned above. Once the transfer is complete, the second valve is closed to isolate the receiving vessel from the return line. Closing the second valve prevents gas from returning in liquid form contained in the receiving tank to the return line during the drainage operation.
- the second flexible portion is configured to be connected to the manifold of the third portion by a second connection / disconnection device.
- the connection between the second flexible portion and the third portion thus ensures the connection between the source tank and the receiving tank.
- the gas in liquid form contained in the source tank is then able to flow to the receiving tank through the main pipe during the transfer operation.
- the second connection / disconnection device is adapted to be connected to the manifold of the third portion.
- the second connection / disconnection device may be similar to the first connection / disconnection device placed on the return pipe and mentioned previously.
- the return line can be connected to the main line in its second flexible portion upstream of the manifold.
- the terms upstream and downstream relating to the main pipe are defined in relation to the direction of flow of gas in liquid form within the main pipe, that is to say from the source vessel to the receiving vessel.
- Such a connection of the return line constitutes a first embodiment of the transfer system according to the invention.
- the return pipe can be connected to the main pipe in its third portion downstream of the manifold of the third portion and upstream of the second valve of the third portion.
- This is a second embodiment of the transfer system according to the invention.
- the connection of the return line to the third portion of the main line must however be made upstream of the second valve so that the closure of the latter can isolate the receiving tank from the return line.
- the embodiments according to the invention are thus defined by the position of the connection of the return pipe to the main pipe.
- the invention also covers a method for draining a gas in liquid form implemented by a gas transfer system in liquid form as described above, comprising: a first step in which at least the second valve of the third is closed. portion of the main pipe, a second step where the articulated support device of the main pipe is lifted so as to position the first end of the second flexible portion vertically higher than the second end of the second flexible portion, a third step where at least the return line valve is opened.
- the drainage process is initiated once the transfer of gas in liquid form from the source vessel to the receiving vessel via the main pipe is completed.
- the draining operation consists of removing the gas in liquid form which remained in the main pipe after the transfer operation.
- the second valve of the third portion is closed to isolate the receiving vessel from the return line.
- the connection of the return pipe to the main pipe is arranged upstream of the second valve.
- the second step in the drainage process is to lift the hinged support device.
- the first end of the second portion being integral with the articulated support device, the latter is also lifted.
- the purpose of this step is to create a height difference between the first end of the second flexible portion and the second end of the second flexible portion which is connected to the manifold of the third portion.
- the gas in liquid form remaining in the second flexible portion is directed towards the second end of the second flexible portion in a gravitational manner.
- the second flexible portion thus has a continuous slope. This maneuver makes it possible to avoid the creation of pockets of gas in liquid form within the second flexible portion of the main pipe. These pockets of gas in liquid form are likely to be located away from the return line and may not be drained during the drainage process.
- Lift the articulated support device makes it possible to overcome this problem by creating a height difference between the first end of the second flexible portion and the second end of the second flexible portion, so that the gas in liquid form contained in the second flexible portion collects in particular near the drive back.
- the return line valve then wanders open so that liquid gas can flow into the return line.
- the drainage method comprises an additional step subsequent to the first step, during which at least the first valve of the main duct is closed.
- This additional step can be carried out in turn during the process as long as the first step has already been performed.
- An additional step is a first variant of the drainage process, during which the first valve is closed in order to isolate the gas in liquid form remaining in the main pipe. With the second valve also closed, the gas in liquid form remaining in the main line is held within a section of the main line extending between the first valve and the second valve.
- a fluid other than gas in liquid form is injected so as to push the gas in liquid form present in the main pipe.
- This fluid injection follows the additional step during which the first valve is closed and corresponds to a second variant of the drainage process.
- Said fluid corresponds to the fluid emanating from the pressurization line mentioned above.
- This fluid thus makes it possible to evacuate the traces of gas in liquid form which have not flowed by gravitational drainage. This fearful fluid wanders an inert gas like dinitrogen. The fluid will not wander introduced if the pressure within the return line is too high.
- the return line pressure sensor as described above thus makes it possible to determine whether the pressure is low enough to perform this additional step.
- the drainage process comprises an additional step subsequent to the first step, during which a gas valve is opened so as to connect a top of the source tank to the first portion of the main pipe. .
- a gas valve is opened so as to connect a top of the source tank to the first portion of the main pipe.
- the first valve is here kept open.
- the gas valve is disposed on a gas line extending between the top of the source tank and the first portion of the main pipe. The opening of this gas valve allows the circulation of the vapor phase of gas in liquid form within the main pipe.
- the drainage process comprises a fourth step, consecutive to the third step, of heating the main pipe.
- a fourth step consecutive to the third step, of heating the main pipe.
- the heating of the main pipe can for example consist of spraying the main pipe with sea water.
- This fourth step makes it possible to cause an increase in pressure in order to promote the flow of gas in liquid form within the tank. drive her back.
- the fourth step can be carried out according to any variation of the drainage process.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a gas transfer system in liquid form according to the invention, during a gas transfer operation in liquid form,
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the first embodiment of the transfer system during a gas drainage operation in liquid form
- FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the transfer system during the gas transfer operation in liquid form
- FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the second embodiment of the transfer system during the operation of draining gas in liquid form
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a process for draining gas in liquid form according to the invention.
- FIG. 6 is a cut-away schematic representation of a tank of a transport vessel and of a marine terminal loading this tank.
- upstream and downstream will denote a positioning of elements relating to a direction of gas flow in liquid form within the pipes mentioned.
- Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a gas transfer system 1 in liquid form.
- the transfer system 1 ensures the transfer of a gas in liquid form 31 from a source unit 2 of gas in liquid form to a receiving unit 3 of gas in liquid form.
- the source unit 2 for gas in liquid form comprises a source tank 4 and the receiving unit 3 for gas in liquid form comprises a receiving tank 5. It is thus understood that the transfer system 1 recovers the gas in liquid form 31 contained in the source tank 4 in order to drive it to the receiving tank 5 in order to fill the latter.
- the source unit 2 of gas in liquid form and the receiver unit 3 of gas in liquid form which is associated with it can correspond to various examples as presented in the following table:
- the united source 2 of gas in liquid form roams a loading barge or a loading dock for gas in liquid form.
- the receiver unit 3 for gas in liquid form illustrated in FIG. 1 corresponds to a vessel for transporting gas in liquid form, for example an LNG carrier.
- the transfer system 1 comprises a main conduit 6 parricipanr in an operation of transferring the gas in liquid form 31.
- the transfer system 1 also comprises a return conduit 18 parricipanr at least partially to an operation of draining the gas in liquid form 31 once the transfer operation has been completed.
- the main pipe 6 extends in its entirety from the source vessel 4 where the main pipe 6 recovers the gas therein in liquid form, until it emerges into the receiving vessel 5.
- the main pipe 6 comprises a first portion 7, a second flexible portion 8, and a third portion 9.
- the first portion 7 is partly immersed in the gas in liquid form 31 of the source tank 4.
- the gas in liquid form 31 of the source tank 4 can thus circulate. in the main pipe 6 passing through the first portion 7.
- the first portion 7 comprises a pump 32 whose function is to suck the gas in liquid form 31 from the source tank 4 within the main pipe 6.
- the transfer operation is therefore initiated by switching on the pump 32 of the first portion 7.
- the first portion 7 outside the source tank 4 is supported by an articulated support device 26.
- the device articulated support 26 may for example be a crane disposed at the source unit 2 of gas in liquid form.
- the articulated support device 26 comprises a mast 27, an arm 29, and a pivot 28 which connects the arm 29 to the mast 27.
- the pivot 28 is thus able to cause the arm 29 to pivot relative to the mast 27.
- the mast 27 s 'extends mainly vertically, and the first portion 7 extends along the mast 27, for example being fixed thereto by any fixing means.
- the first portion 7 also extends along the arm 29 where it is supported by the latter, for example by means of at least one bearing 30.
- the first portion 7 also comprises a first valve 11.
- the first valve 11 is able to be opened or closed manually or by a remote control.
- the first valve 11 allows or not the circulation of gas in liquid form 31 within the main pipe 6.
- the second flexible portion 8 is arranged in continuity with the first portion 7.
- the second flexible portion 8 is linked to the first portion 7 by means of a first end 81 of the second flexible portion 8. Therefore, the second flexible portion 8 is integral with the articulated support device 26 by the connection between the first portion 7 and the first end 81 of the second flexible portion 8, and by the fact that the first portion 7 is supported by the bearing 30 of the articulated support device 26.
- the third portion 9 is present at the level of the receiving unit 3 for gas in liquid form and comprises a first termination 91 provided with a manifold 15 and a second termination 92 which opens into the receiving vessel 5.
- the manifold 15 allows a connection of the main pipe 6 so that the latter can connect the source tank 4 to the receiving tank 5, and thus allow the execution of the transfer operation.
- the second termination 92 of the third portion 9 is at least partially inserted within an internal volume of the receiving tank 5 so that this the latter can receive the gas in liquid form 31 coming from the source tank 4 during the transfer operation.
- the third portion 9 comprises a second valve 12 disposed between the manifold 15 and the second termination 92 of the third portion 9.
- the second valve 12 in turn like the first valve 11, allows or prohibits the transfer of gas in liquid form 31 from the source tank 4 to receiving tank 5.
- the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 must wander both open routes so that the gas in liquid form 31 can circulate from the source tank 4 to the receiving tank 5.
- a second end 82 of the second flexible portion 8 must be connected to the manifold 15 of the third portion 9.
- the second flexible portion 8 can thus wander close to the receiving unit 3 of gas. in liquid form thanks to the articulated support device 26, then the second end 82 of the second flexible portion 8 is then connected to the manifold 15 of the third portion 9. Following this operation, the main pipe 6 is then connected, and the transfer operation can begin.
- the flexibility of the second flexible portion 8 makes it possible to facilitate the connection between the second flexible portion 8 and the third portion 9.
- the first portion 7 and the third portion 9 can be flexible or rigid.
- the first portion 7 and the second flexible portion 8 are stored on the unired source 2 of gas in liquid form, tower like the return line 18.
- the third portion 9 is stored on the. uniré receiver 3 of gas in liquid form.
- the return pipe 18 is connected amonr the second end 82 of the second flexible portion 8 and therefore extends from the main pipe 6 until it opens into the source tank 4.
- the return pipe 18 comprises a first end 181 connected to the main pipe 6, and a second end 182 at least partially inserted within an internal volume of the source vessel 4.
- the return pipe 18 ensures the return of the gas in liquid form 31 to the source vessel 4 when the transfer operation is complete and gas remains in liquid form 31 within Mainline 6. Details of the drainage operation will be discussed later.
- the return line 18 includes a first valve 19, a second valve 20, a third valve 21 and a fourth valve 22.
- the first valve 19 and the second valve 20 are located at the first end 181 of the return line while that the third valve 21 and the fourth valve 22 are located at the second end 182.
- the term valve is distinguished from the term valve in that the valves are only located on the return line 18.
- the four valves allow the circulation of gas in liquid form 31 within the return line 18 during the drainage operation.
- the fact of integrating a plurality of valves within the return line 18 allows the regulation of the flow of gas in liquid form 31 circulating in the return line 18, a flow that is too high and too sudden risks damaging the return line. return 18.
- all the valves are closed in order to prevent the circulation of gas in liquid form 31 within the return pipe 18.
- the return line 18 comprises an emergency disconnection device 23.
- the emergency disconnection device 23 makes it possible to separate the return line 18 from the main line 61 when mechanical stresses are exerted too much on the return line. 18. Such mechanical stresses can for example be due to too strong a swell leading to a tension in the return pipe 18.
- the return line 18 also comprises a pressure sensor 24 and a temperature sensor 25, respectively measuring the pressure and the temperature within the return line 18. Such measurements allow the proper conduct of the drainage operation, such as that this will be described in detail later.
- connection / disconnection device 16 The return line 18 is connected to the main line 6 through a first connection / disconnection device 16.
- the second flexible portion 8 connects to the manifold 15 of the third portion 9 through a second device.
- Each of these connection / disconnection devices allow a sealed and secure connection.
- the transfer system 1 also comprises a pressurization line 10, connected to the first portion 7 of the main pipe 6.
- the pressurization line 10 is able to send a fluid within the main pipe 6 and the return pipe 18. .
- Such a fluid can for example be an inerting fluid such as dinitrogen, and can be used during the drainage operation to push the gas in liquid form 31 in the main pipe 6 and in the return pipe 18.
- the pressurization line 10 comprises a third valve 13 and a fourth valve 14. The fluid is able to emanate from the pressurization line 10 if the third valve 13 and the fourth valve 14 are both open.
- the transfer system 1 can also include a gas line 36 which connects a top of the source tank 4 to the first portion 7 of the main pipe 6.
- a gas valve 37 is arranged on the gas line 36 and allows or not. the circulation of a gaseous phase of the gas in liquid form 31 from the source tank 4 within the main pipe 6.
- the gas line 36 can participate in the operation of draining the gas under liquid form remained in the main pipe 6. The various variants of the drainage operation will be explained in detail below.
- the valves of the return line 18 are closed, and the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 are open.
- the third valve 13 and the fourth valve 14 are also closed.
- the pump 32 located on the main pipe 6 starts up and sucks the gas in liquid form 31 located in the source tank 4.
- the gas in liquid form 31 then circulates within the first portion 7, of the second flexible portion 8. and of the third portion 9, until it flows into the receiving tank 5.
- the transfer operation continues until the receiving tank 5 is filled, or until filling corresponding to the request of the unit. receiver 3 of gas in liquid form. This being done, the pump 32 is stopped, and the drainage operation can then begin.
- FIG. 2 represents the transfer system 1 according to the same embodiment as in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 2 however illustrates a position of the transfer system 1 when the transfer operation is completed and the drainage operation has started. Since the drainage is carried out gravitational, FIG. 2 illustrates a plurality of heights of certain elements of the transfer system 1.
- Each of the heights is defined as a function of a height reference frame HO which may for example correspond to the level of the sea. Three heights are thus illustrated.
- a first height H1 corresponds to a height of the second end 182 of the return pipe 18.
- a second height H2 corresponds to a height of the first end 181 of the return duct 18 and to a height of the second end 82 of the second flexible portion 8 of the main duct, these two ends being in FIG. 2 located at the bottom. same height one in relation to the aurre.
- a third height H3 corresponds to a height of the first end 81 of the second flexible portion 8 of the main duct 6.
- the second valve 12 is closed.
- the first valve 11 can also be closed depending on a variation of a drainage method used.
- part of the main pipe 6 located amonr the second valve 12, or between the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 is isolated from the receiving tank 5, in order to avoid potential gas returns in liquid form. within the main pipe 6. It is the gas in liquid form 31 remaining in the main pipe 6 amonr the second valve 12 or between the first valve 11 and the second valve 12 which will be drained during the operation. drainage.
- the arm 29 of the articulated support device 26 is lifted upwards.
- the pivot 28 rotates 33 counterclockwise, thus causing the lifting of the arm 29.
- the objective of this movement of the articulated support device 26 is to increase the third height H3. , relating to the height of the first end 81 of the second flexible portion 8, so that the third height H 3 is greater than the second height H2, relative to the height of the second end 82 of the second flexible portion 8.
- the second end 82 of the second flexible portion 8 is thus vertically lower than the first end 81 of the second flexible portion 8.
- the third height H3 is greater than the second height H2 makes it possible to circulate the gas in liquid form 31 which remained in the main pipe 6 in a gravitational manner, so that the latter meets at the level of the second end 82 of the second 8 flexible portion. By doing this, the formation of pockets of gas in liquid form 31 within the main conduit 6 is avoided, which results in an optimal drainage operation.
- the draining operation continues by opening the first valve 19 again from the return line 18, then gradually opening the second valve 20, the third valve 21 and the fourth valve 22 also being open.
- liquid gas 31 will flow through it. It is possible to trigger the flow of gas in liquid form 31 within the return line 18 by spraying the main line 6, for example using a jet of sea water 34. A pressure differential is thus created and promotes the flow of gas in liquid form 31 within the return pipe 18.
- the draining of the gas in liquid form 31 is carried out in a gravitational manner.
- the second height H2, relative to the height of the first end 181 of the return pipe 18, is greater than the first height H 1, relative to the height of the second end 182 of the return pipe 18.
- the gas under liquid form 31 thus flows naturally in the return duct 18 until it flows within the source tank 4, the second end 182 of the return duct 18 being vertically lower than the first end 181 of conduct it back 18.
- the height difference between the first height H1 and the second height H2 is at least of the order of three to four meters, in order to promote the flow of gas in liquid form. 31.
- the temperature sensor 25 measures the temperature within the return pipe 18. The temperature measurement makes it possible to check whether there is still gas in liquid form 31 within the return pipe. back 18. If the temperature is greater than a determined minimum temperature threshold, this means that there is no longer any gas in liquid form 31 in the return pipe 18.
- the fluid of the pressurization line 10 can for example be an inert gas such as dinitrogen.
- the opening of the third valve 13 and of the fourth valve 14 is only possible if the pressure within the return line 18 is sufficiently low, for example less than 3.5 bar.
- the pressure in the return line is checked by the pressure sensor 24. It is thus the pressure sensor 24 which determines when the fluid from the pressurization line 10 can be sent into the main line 6 and into the main line 6. the return line 18.
- the fluid from the pressurization line 10 can also circulate at room temperature in order to cause the evaporation of the gas in liquid form 31 remaining in the main line 6 .
- the second flexible portion 8 of the main pipe 6 can then be disconnected of the manifold 15 of the third portion 9, and the return line 18 can be disconnected from the main line 6.
- the receiving unit 3 for gas in liquid form is thus charged and disconnected, and can thus for example carry out its transport mission gas in liquid form 31 having just been loaded into the receiving tank 5 or consuming the gas in liquid form 31 for propulsion.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show a second embodiment of the transfer system 1 according to the invention.
- a position of the connection of the return pipe 18 to the main pipe 6 differs from the first embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show a second embodiment of the transfer system 1 according to the invention.
- first end 181 of the return pipe 18 is located downstream of the manifold 15 and upstream of the second valve 12.
- first end 181 of the return pipe must on the other hand necessarily be disposed upstream of the second valve 12 so that the latter can isolate the receiving tank 5 from the main pipe 6 by being closed.
- FIG. 4 is the counterpart of Figure 2, for the second embodiment.
- FIG. 4 represents the second embodiment of the transfer system 1 during the drainage operation.
- the drainage method is identical to that of the first embodiment.
- the second valve 12 and possibly the first valve 11 are closed, then the articulated support device 26 lifts the arm 29, thus creating the height differential between the second height H2 and the third height H 3.
- the second height H2 is as for it greater than the first height H1 in order to ensure drainage in a gravitational manner.
- the gas in liquid form 31 can thus flow in the return pipe 18 after opening the valves thereof.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart representing the method 100 for draining gas in liquid form according to the invention. The drainage process 100 is initiated after the transfer operation is completed.
- the end of the transfer operation is marked by the stop of the pump allowing the gas to circulate in liquid form from the source tank to the receiving tank.
- the drainage process 100 begins with a first step 101 during which the second valve of the third portion is also closed. Closing the second valve allows the receiving tank to be isolated when the gas in liquid form remaining in the main pipe circulates in the return pipe. Indeed, there is a risk of gas returning in liquid form from the receiving tank to the return line, for example due to a pressure differential between the receiving tank and the return line. A related situation is likely to occur in particular if the gas transfer system in liquid form is set up according to the second embodiment, the first end of the return duct being located at the level of the third portion, therefore closer. of the receiving tank than in the first embodiment.
- the drainage process 100 continues with a second step 102 where the articulated support device is lifted, in order to create the height differential between the first end of the second flexible portion and the second end of the the second flexible portion.
- the latter is in fact capable of creating pockets of gas in liquid form by virtue of its flexibility.
- the potential creation of connected pockets can lead to difficulties in circulating the gas in liquid form until it conducts it back.
- Lifting the articulated support device thus makes it possible to create a substantial height differential between the two ends of the second flexible portion and thus collect the gas in liquid form which remained in the gas.
- main pipe in its entirety or substantially in its entirety.
- the gas in liquid form remaining in the main line is thus collected near the first end of the return line in order to be more easily and efficiently drained into the return line.
- the first step 101 and the second step 102 must both be performed before allowing any access of the gas in liquid form to the return line. return pipe.
- a third step 103 the set of valves arranged on the return line is opened.
- at least one of the valves can be opened gradually.
- the drainage method 100 can end directly with an end step 106.
- the drainage method 100 can comprise a fourth step 104 and / or an additional step 105 making it possible to optimize the drainage operation.
- the fourth step 104 initiates a flow of gas in liquid form within the return line in the event of a plug due to the pressure within the main line and / or the return line.
- the fourth step 104 consists in heating the main pipe in order to form a start of evaporation of the gas in liquid form remaining in the main pipe and to create a pressure differential favoring the flow of gas in liquid form within the gas line. return pipe.
- the heating of the main pipe can for example be done by means of the seawater jet shown in Figures 2 and 4, but any other means making it possible to cause a rise in temperature of the gas in liquid form and adapted to the context of the invention is conceivable.
- the additional step 105 can be done after the first step 101 as shown in FIG. 5, but the additional step 105 can be carried out at any time during the course of the drainage process 100 as long as said time is after the first step 101.
- the additional step 105 can take place according to several variants.
- a first variant consists in closing the first valve in order to isolate a section of the main pipe containing gas in liquid form.
- the fourth step 104 is thus sufficient to cause the gravitational drainage of the gas in liquid form remaining in the tank, and the drainage process 100 can thus be terminated.
- the second variant can be used after using the first variant, or else immediately without going through the first variant.
- the second variant consists first of all in closing the first valve, then in injecting the fluid emanating from the pressurization line, and this by opening the third valve and the fourth valve, within the main pipe and the return pipe. .
- the purpose of this second variant is to push the gas in liquid form which has remained in the main pipe or the return pipe and which has not been evacuated in a gravitational manner. The fluid thus pushes the gas in liquid form towards the source vessel through the main pipe and the return pipe.
- the second variant of the additional step 105 therefore makes it possible to complete the drainage operation in a safe manner, so that it is certain that there is no longer any gas in liquid form in the main pipe and in the water pipe. return.
- the execution of the second variant is dependent on the pressure of the return pipe.
- the pressure must wander sufficiently low, for example less than 3.5 bars, and it is the pressure sensor present at the return line that makes it possible to check whether the second variant can take place.
- the fluid used is different from the gas in liquid form and is afraid, for example, of dinitrogen.
- the third variant differs from the first variant and from the second variant in particular in that the first valve must remain open so that the third variant can be implemented.
- the third variant consists in opening the gas valve, in order to connect the top of the source tank to the main pipe via the gas line. It is thus the vapor phase of the gas in liquid form which will circulate in the pipe. main pipe and push the gas in liquid form which remained in the main pipe until the return pipe.
- the drainage process 100 Before completing the drainage process 100 with the end step 106, it is advantageous to check whether there is no gas in liquid form left in the return line. This verification is at least partially ensured by the temperature sensor present in the return pipe. A sufficiently high temperature in the return line, for example above -85 ° C, confirms that there is no gas left in liquid form in the return line.
- the drainage process 100 can then end with the end step 106, a sign that the main pipe as well as the return pipe can wander disconnected in the safety route.
- FIG. 6 represents an example of a maritime terminal provided with the transfer system 1, the latter comprising the main duct 6 and the return duct 18.
- the transfer system 1 makes it possible to transfer the gas in liquid form from the source unit 2 of gas in liquid form, which here is a fixed off-shore installation.
- the transfer system 1 allows the receiving unit 3 to be charged with gas in liquid form, which in Figure 6 is illustrated by a transport vessel 35 and includes the receiving vessel 5, the charging taking place from the source unit. 2 gas in liquid form. This comprises at least the source tank 4 connected to the transfer system 1.
- the invention relates that it has just been described, achieves the goal it had set itself, and makes it possible to propose a gas transfer system in liquid form comprising a main pipe and a return pipe allowing the gas return as liquid towards its starting point thanks to gravitational drainage.
- Variants not described here could be implemented without departing from the context of the invention, since they include a gas transfer system in liquid form in accordance with the invention.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR2004291A FR3109775B1 (fr) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Système de transfert et de drainage gravitationnel d’un gaz sous forme liquide |
PCT/FR2021/050700 WO2021219950A1 (fr) | 2020-04-30 | 2021-04-22 | Système de transfert et de drainage gravitationnel d'un gaz sous forme liquide |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP4143128A1 true EP4143128A1 (fr) | 2023-03-08 |
EP4143128C0 EP4143128C0 (fr) | 2024-03-27 |
EP4143128B1 EP4143128B1 (fr) | 2024-03-27 |
Family
ID=71784221
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP21732394.8A Active EP4143128B1 (fr) | 2020-04-30 | 2021-04-22 | Système de transfert et de drainage gravitationnel d'un gaz sous forme liquide |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4143128B1 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20230003574A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN115734939A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3109775B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2021219950A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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BRPI0921922B1 (pt) * | 2008-11-20 | 2021-02-23 | Single Buoy Moorings Inc | unidade multifuncional flutuante |
NO340699B1 (no) * | 2013-02-05 | 2017-06-06 | Macgregor Norway As | Fluidoverføringssystem, samt fremgangsmåte, for overføring av kryogenisk hydrokarbonbasert fluid fra en forsyningsstruktur til en mottaksstruktur |
FR3018766B1 (fr) * | 2014-03-24 | 2016-04-01 | Gaztransp Et Technigaz | Systeme pour le transfert de fluide entre navire et une installation, telle qu'un navire client |
WO2020016406A1 (fr) * | 2018-07-20 | 2020-01-23 | Single Buoy Moorings Inc. | Raccord articulé cryogénique |
-
2020
- 2020-04-30 FR FR2004291A patent/FR3109775B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-04-22 WO PCT/FR2021/050700 patent/WO2021219950A1/fr unknown
- 2021-04-22 CN CN202180044095.5A patent/CN115734939A/zh active Pending
- 2021-04-22 KR KR1020227041839A patent/KR20230003574A/ko active Search and Examination
- 2021-04-22 EP EP21732394.8A patent/EP4143128B1/fr active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP4143128C0 (fr) | 2024-03-27 |
US20230192470A1 (en) | 2023-06-22 |
KR20230003574A (ko) | 2023-01-06 |
EP4143128B1 (fr) | 2024-03-27 |
FR3109775B1 (fr) | 2022-04-08 |
CN115734939A (zh) | 2023-03-03 |
WO2021219950A1 (fr) | 2021-11-04 |
FR3109775A1 (fr) | 2021-11-05 |
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