Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
  • H02G5/00—Installations of bus-bars
  • H02G5/10—Cooling
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
  • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
  • H01M10/625—Vehicles
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
  • H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
  • H01M10/6553—Terminals or leads
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
  • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
  • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
  • H01M10/6567—Liquids
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
  • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
  • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
  • H01M50/222—Inorganic material
  • H01M50/224—Metals
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
  • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

• the subject matter relates to a cooling system for busbars, in particular for busbars that are used as cell connectors or module connectors for batteries, in particular in automotive applications.
• Busbars are increasingly being used in automotive applications. Busbars have the advantage that they have a good current carrying capacity and can be fitted very well into existing installation spaces. Busbars are used in particular for cables that must have a high current carrying capacity. Such lines are formed with conductor cross-sections of over 16mm 2 , preferably up to 250mm 2 and more. Depending on the area of application, the busbars have a current carrying capacity of 100A to several 100A, which leads to high ohmic losses even with high conductivities of the busbars. The ohmic losses lead to Jöulean heat, which must be dissipated in order to protect the conductors from damage.
• the disadvantage here is that, due to the necessary electrical safety, the busbars are usually surrounded by an electrical insulator, which is also a heat insulator at the same time. If the Joulean heat is only to be dissipated via convection, this is particularly problematic when an objective busbar is used in a narrow housing, such as a battery or a battery module. The object of the object was therefore to improve the durability of busbars when used in high-current lines.
• An objective busbar is formed, for example, from aluminum or an aluminum alloy or copper or a copper alloy.
• the busbar generally has an angular conductor cross-section, in particular a square or rectangular conductor cross-section.
• the busbar can be formed as a flat part and, for example, be cut or punched from a sheet metal or strip or be extruded from a primary material.
• an objective busbar is in particular in automotive applications. This can in particular be used when connecting batteries, be it traction batteries, backup batteries or other batteries in the vehicle.
• Batteries in the objective sense can be battery cells that are connected to one another.
• a single cell for example a lithium-ion cell, is connected in parallel and / or in series with a large number of other cells and forms a battery module.
• Several cells are encapsulated in a common housing within a battery module. The individual cells can be connected to one another via a physical busbar.
• Batteries in the objective sense can also be battery modules.
• An objective busbar can be formed to connect battery modules to one another or from a battery module to an electrical consumer or a connection part. As already mentioned, a large number of battery cells are combined to form a battery module.
• Each individual module can be enclosed in its own housing.
• a plurality of modules can in turn be housed in their own housing.
• the modules are connected to one another in series and / or in parallel.
• the modules can be connected to one another or to other elements using an actual busbar.
• an objective busbar is used as a so-called “Energy Backbone®”, in particular for the connection between a drive battery and an electric motor.
• a busbar can for example also be felt in a housing, for example a cable duct.
• a cable duct can be prescribed in particular to increase electrical safety.
• the busbar is exposed to high electrical loads during operation. Currents of 100A and more flow through the busbar. These high currents lead to high ohmic losses and thus great Joule heat that has to be dissipated.
• the subject busbar is connected to a first connection area with at least one pole of a battery cell or a battery module.
• the busbar In the case of a cell connector, the busbar is connected to a second connection area with a pole of a second battery cell. In the case of a module connector, the busbar is connected to a second connection area with a pole of a second battery module or with an electrical connection part.
• the busbar as an “energy backbone” can be connected with its second connection area to an electrical contact area, for example an electrical component, an electric motor, a convenience consumer in a vehicle or the like.
• the first and second connection areas of the busbar are preferably located at the distal ends of the busbar.
• the connection areas lie in particular on the wide surfaces of the busbar, which are enclosed by a front edge and two mutually opposite longitudinal edges of the busbar.
• the connection areas of the busbar are connected to the battery and / or the contact area in a conventional manner. In particular, screw connections, clamp connections, soldered connections, welded connections, in particular ultrasonic welded connections, friction stir welded connections, resistance welded connections or the like are used.
• the busbar is at least partially sheathed with an insulator between the connection areas.
• the insulator is preferably PE » PVC or silicone.
• a gel-shaped heat conducting agent is applied directly to the surface of the busbar on a side facing away from the pole.
• Gel-like in the present sense can also mean pasty.
• the thermal conductivity agent has a higher thermal conductivity than air and means that the Joule heat can be dissipated from the conductor rail.
• the heat conducting agent is preferably applied in such a way that the absorbed Joule heat can be given off to the environment over a larger surface than the surface on which it is applied to the conductor rail.
• the heat-conducting medium have a viscosity between 25 Pas and 130 Pas.
• the heat conducting means have a higher thermal conductivity than air, at least twice or three times the thermal conductivity of air. It is also proposed that the thermal conductivity be between 2W / mK and 12W / mK. It has been found that a thermal conductivity of 6 W / m K is particularly advantageous for the applications in question, since this is sufficient to adequately dissipate the Joule heat that occurs.
• the heat can be dissipated passively or actively.
• the heat conducting means is connected to a passive heat exchanger.
• the heat conducting means be in direct contact with a passive heat exchanger.
• the heat conducting means is clamped between the busbar and the heat exchanger.
• the heat exchanger can be a housing wall or part of a housing wall.
• a housing wall can also be a housing cover.
• the battery cells or battery modules are encapsulated in a common housing and that at least one housing wall is in direct contact with the heat conducting means. It is possible to use the housing or a housing wall itself as a passive heat exchanger. It is proposed that at least one housing wall comes into direct contact with the heat conducting means in the assembled state of the housing. It is then possible to transfer the heat absorbed by the busbar to the housing wall via the heat conducting means. The heat can then be released from the housing wall out of the housing to the environment.
• the housing be formed from a metallic material in the area in which its wall is in direct contact with the heat conducting means.
• the heat conducting means itself can be an electrical insulator.
• the heat-conducting means then produces insulation between the connection area of the busbar and the housing.
• at least one area of the housing that is in direct contact with the heat conducting means is formed from a metallic material.
• Metallic materials have good thermal conductivity, so that they can be used to transport the dissipated thermal energy to the outside of the housing particularly well.
• a rib-shaped heat sink is arranged on the housing wall, which is in direct contact with the Heat conducting means.
• a heat sink has a structure that has a particularly large surface area for a given volume, so that a particularly large amount of thermal energy can be released into the air via the surface.
• the heat conducting means be guided through a housing opening to the outside of the housing.
• the housing can have a recess and the heat conducting means can be guided from the inside to the outside through this recess.
• a large area can be coated with heat conducting agent, this area being larger than the area in which the heat conducting agent is in contact with the busbar.
• the heat transfer agent itself can act as a passive heat sink. Since the heat conducting agent is electrically insulating, it electrically seals the housing. The heat conducting medium itself thus forms the heat sink on the outside of the housing.
• active cooling be provided.
• a pipeline with a liquid or gaseous cooling medium is introduced into the housing.
• the introduction into the housing can be gas-tight and / or liquid-tight, so that the batteries / cells built into the housing are protected from environmental influences.
• the pipeline in particular the outer jacket surface of the pipeline, is in direct contact with the heat conducting medium.
• the pipeline can also be passed through the heat conduction means.
• the cooling medium flowing through the pipeline absorbs thermal energy from the heat conducting medium and leads it to the outside of the housing.
• the cooling medium circulates in the pipeline and is routed outside the housing to an active heat exchanger.
• the busbar can be a battery module connector.
• the first pole can be a pole of a first battery module with a plurality of battery cells connected electrically in parallel and the second pole can be a pole of a second battery module with a plurality of battery cells connected electrically in parallel.
• the busbar has an area between the two connection areas as a connection area and / or cooling area, the insulation being removed in this area and the heat conducting agent being applied directly to the area.
• the heat conducting means and the arrangement of the heat conducting means in, on and outside of the housing can be as described above.
• the heat conducting agent have an electrical conductivity of less than 10 -8 S / m.
• FIG. 1 shows a busbar according to an exemplary embodiment
• FIG. 3 shows a plan view of a housing of a battery
• FIG. 4 shows a section through a housing cover of a battery according to a
• Embodiment shows a section through a cover of a housing of a battery according to an exemplary embodiment
• FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of an active cooling system according to one
• the busbar 2 is formed as a flat conductor with a conductive conductor core 2a and an insulation 2b surrounding the core.
• the busbar 2 has a rectangular conductor profile with two opposite wide surfaces, two opposite narrow surfaces and two opposite end faces.
• the surfaces preferably run parallel to one another, the wide and narrow surfaces running parallel to one another in the longitudinal direction and the end faces being able to run parallel to one another transversely to the longitudinal direction.
• the busbar 2 is formed by sections in which the conductor core 2a is free of the insulation 2b and in sections in which the insulation 2b surrounds the conductor core 2a.
• the dissipation of heat by convection on the surface of the busbar 2 is prevented by the insulator 2b. This is particularly relevant when the busbar 2 is used for high-current applications.
• the insulation 2b is removed from the conductor core 2a with its connection areas 4, 6, which are e.g.
• FIG. 2a shows a battery 8 with a housing 10.
• battery cells 12 are arranged next to one another.
• the battery cells 12 have respective poles 14.
• a busbar 2 is connected with its connection areas 4, 6 to a respective pole 14 of the battery cells 12, in particular connected in a materially bonded manner.
• the busbar 2 can have further areas in which the insulator 2b is removed; this is, for example, a central connection area 5 of the busbar 2.
• a heat conducting agent 16 be applied directly to the conductor rail in the respective connection areas 4, 5, 6.
• the heat conducting agent 16 can be gel-like or pasty. At operating temperature, e.g. between -10 ° C and + 70 ° C, the heat conducting agent 16 has a non-liquid viscosity and is therefore dimensionally stable.
• the heat conducting agent 16 is applied to the conductor core 2a in the connection areas 4, 5, 6 on the surface facing away from the respective poles 14.
• the Joule heat can be transported away from the busbar 2 and in particular into the housing 10 or out of the housing 10 via the heat conducting means 16.
• FIG. 2b shows a further exemplary embodiment of a battery 8 with a housing 10.
• the battery 8 is formed from battery modules 20, each of which has at least one pole 14. It is also possible, but not shown, for only one pole 14 of a battery module 20 to be provided and for the busbar 2 to be guided out of the housing 10 and, for example, to be connected to a further electrical conductor.
• the busbar 2 is connected to a connection area 6 with a pole 14 and a connection area 4 with a pole 14. It is also possible that the connection area 4 is connected to a connection of a further electrical device, a cable or the like.
• the heat conducting agent 16 is physically applied on the opposite side of the conductor core 2a, on which the conductor core 2a is not connected to the pole 14 or the further electrical component.
• the heat conducting means 16 is in direct contact with the conductor core 2a on the one hand and with the inner wall of the housing 10 on the other hand. Heat can be transported from the conductor core 2a to the housing 10 via this.
• FIG 3 shows a plan view of a housing 10, in particular a housing cover.
• the housing wall of the housing 10 shown has different areas, areas being provided in which a heat-conducting material is let into the housing wall.
• This thermally conductive material can be metallic, for example.
• the housing wall can be perforated by a metallic strip 22.
• the metallic strip 22 can extend over the width and / or length of the housing wall of the housing 10.
• the metallic strip 22 is in direct contact with the heat conducting means 16, which is in direct contact on the other side with the connection areas 4, 6 of the busbar 2.
• the heat-conducting material 16 is electrically non-conductive and forms an insulator between the pole 14 and the metallic band 22. In particular, good heat transport can take place via the metallic band 22 from the interior of the housing 10 to the exterior of the housing 10.
• the busbar 2 with its connection areas 4, 6 in the interior of the housing 10 it is also possible for the busbar 2 with its connection areas 4, 6 in the interior of the housing 10 to be in direct contact with the heat conducting means 16.
• the heat conducting means 16 is arranged on the side of the connection areas 4, 6 facing away from the poles 14.
• the heat conducting means 16 is guided through the housing wall of the housing 10, for example a recess, as shown in FIG. 4.
• the heat conducting agent 16 is thus guided from the inside of the housing 10 to the outside of the housing 10.
• the heat conduction agent 16 can, for example, be applied over a large area, in particular over an area that is larger than the recess in the housing wall of the housing 10 through which the heat conduction agent 16 is led to the outside. Good heat transport can be achieved via this enlarged surface.
• FIG. 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment in which the busbar 2 is in direct contact with the pole 14 and the heat conducting means 16 in the interior of the housing 10.
• the metallic strips 22 in the housing wall of the housing 10 connect the heat conducting means 16 to the outside of the housing 10.
• a heat sink 24, for example a rib-shaped heat sink 24, can be arranged directly on the metallic strips 22, via which convection is possible.
• heat pipe 26 is routed inside the housing 10.
• the heat pipe 26 is routed into the interior of the housing 10 in a sealed manner heat pipe 26.
• the flow direction 28 can be influenced by a motor with heat exchanger 30. At the motor / heat exchanger 30, heat is extracted from the refrigerant and given off to the environment.
• the heat conducting means 16 is provided on the busbar 2 in each of the connection areas 4, 6.
• the heat pipe 26 can be guided through the heat conducting means 16 or directly adjacent to the heat conducting means 26 in the housing 10. Through the refrigerant in the heat pipe 26, the heat can be transported from the heat conducting means 16 out of the interior of the housing 10 and exchanged there with the environment via the heat exchanger 30. With the help of the solution shown, it is possible to dissipate " Joule heat from busbars " which are used to connect battery cells or battery modules particularly effectively.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Secondary Cells (AREA)
• Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=75362605

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (19)

Family Cites Families (16)

• 2020
  • 2020-04-24 DE DE102020111189.4A patent/DE102020111189A1/de active Pending
• 2021
  • 2021-03-29 US US17/920,212 patent/US11641098B1/en active Active
  • 2021-03-29 MX MX2022013091A patent/MX2022013091A/es unknown
  • 2021-03-29 CN CN202180030589.8A patent/CN115552695A/zh active Pending
  • 2021-03-29 WO PCT/EP2021/058089 patent/WO2021213780A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2021-03-29 EP EP21716131.4A patent/EP4139984A1/de active Pending

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