EP4135983B1 - Method for checking the quality of printed products - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for controlling the quality of printed products according to claim 1.

The US 10 556 420 B2 a method for checking the quality of printed products can be derived, whereby the printed products are produced in a specific production using several printing machines in succession, whereby on a surface to be printed, at least three printed images of each of these printed products are arranged at a distance from one another at a distance specified for this printed product, whereby these at least three printed images are each printed using different printing processes, whereby to check the quality of the respective printed product, two printed images printed using different printing processes are selected by an inspection system to form a pair of printed images, whereby the pair of printed images is assigned a distance dimension specified for the distance between its printed images, whereby this distance dimension is provided with a tolerance specified depending on the printing processes used in the respective pair of printed images before the specific production is started, whereby the quality of the printed products produced is checked by determining, during the specific production, by means of a computing unit of the inspection system, at least for a subset taken from the set of all printed products produced in succession in the specific production, for the same pair of printed images, whereby Calculation unit, the respective currently determined value of the relevant distances is compared with the distance dimension specified for this distance, taking into account the associated tolerance, and taking into account the associated tolerance a deviation of the respective currently determined value of the distances in question from its specified distance dimension is determined, whereby a steel engraving printing process and an offset printing process are used as printing processes for printing the print images involved in the production of each printed product, whereby a steel engraving printing machine is used to carry out the steel engraving printing process and an offset printing machine is used to carry out the offset printing process.

Through the EN 10 2004 019 978 B3 A method is known for assessing the quality of a printed matter produced by a printing press, wherein, within the selected set of copies, an error of a certain error type or a certain characteristic detected on one copy is assessed in relation to at least one error detected on the same or another copy, taking into account a relationship between at least one of the detected error types and one of the characteristics of the detected error.

The EP 3 539 777 A1 discloses a method for increasing print quality by means of a print position correction of printing units in a printing press by determining actual and target position values and a difference value characterizing the deviation.

From the EN 10 2004 038 542 A1 It is known that the printed image of a security element can be produced, for example, by screen printing, offset printing, indirect letterpress printing, letterpress printing, digital printing, ink-bearing or blind embossing intaglio printing, whereby combinations of printing processes can also be used.

It is also clear from the EN 10 2016 213 111 A1 It is known that several different printing processes are used in the production of banknotes or other valuable documents. For example, in the production of banknotes, a steel engraving process and/or an offset printing process and/or a Screen printing and/or a formless printing process, i.e. a digital printing process, e.g. an inkjet printing process and/or a laser printing process can be used.

The present invention is primarily in the technical field of industrial production of printed products, each designed as a security document, in particular as a banknote. The production of such printed products usually involves several different printing processes, which are carried out either in a connected production plant or one after the other in successive production steps using spatially separated, independent printing machines. These printed products usually have several different printed images, of which, for example, a first printed image is printed using an intaglio printing process, a second printed image is printed using an offset printing process, and a third printed image is printed using a screen printing process. Each of these printed images is usually a complex structure composed of a large number of printing elements and formed on a surface of the printed product in question that is to be printed. The printed products to be produced in this type are usually formed on a printing material that is to be fed through the production plant in question or the printing machines involved. In the present invention, a printing material designed as a printing sheet is preferably used as the printing material, wherein this printing material is in particular a printing material suitable for the production of banknotes and consists, for example, of paper, in particular of a special paper for security documents, or of a polymer material.

Such printed products usually have several different security features such as a foil application and/or a window thread and/or a security thread inside the printing material and/or a watermark. These security features are either already included in the printing material Paper mill or in the printing works printing the substrate in machines other than the printing machines printing the printed images, introduced into or applied to the substrate.

The geometric arrangement of the print images printed in a specific print product using several different printing processes on the surface to be printed on this print product, each at a distance, in their respective relationship to one another and/or the geometric arrangement of one of these print images in relation to at least one security feature applied in or on the surface to be printed on this print product and/or the geometric arrangement of one of these print images in relation to an edge delimiting the surface to be printed on this print product is hereinafter referred to as the print register.

Before starting a specific production, the respective print register for the print images involved in the production of the print product in question is determined by specifying a distance dimension with an associated tolerance for the respective geometric arrangement of these print images intended on the surface of this print product to be printed. At least after the production has been carried out, but preferably during ongoing production for the manufacture of the print product in question, compliance with the previously determined print register must be checked in order to arrive at a statement regarding the quality of the print product in question.

A control of the quality of the printed product in question is necessary because many different causes affecting production can have a negative impact on the desired quality and, particularly in their interaction, can lead to waste being produced, even though the printing quality of the printed images involved in the printed product may be flawless. The present invention is therefore not concerned with an assessment of, for example, a Color register or pass of a single specific print image, where the assessment of the color register or pass in a single specific print image would relate to the relationship of its printing elements to one another, but rather a method for checking the quality of print products produced consecutively in a specific production, where for each of these print products at least three print images printed in different printing processes are arranged on the surface to be printed on, each at a distance from one another that is specified for this print product, where the print register of these print images, which is determined by the geometric arrangement of these print images defined by the specified distance, is preferably checked inline, i.e. in an ongoing printing process. If this check leads to a result that indicates that the desired quality of the print product to be produced in question is not guaranteed in the ongoing printing process, countermeasures can preferably be taken automatically, e.g. by a control unit or a computing unit, by changing at least one setting of the printing machine in question.

The quality of the printed products to be produced in this way can be impaired, for example, by one of the printing processes used. For example, a steel engraving printing process, which can be an intaglio printing process or an intaglio printing process, deforms the printed sheet in a very clearly recognizable way. This can have a particularly negative effect on the print register and thus on the quality of the printed products to be produced in this way if the printed sheet in question has previously been pre-printed using at least one other printing process, e.g. an offset printing process and/or a screen printing process. This deformation caused by the steel engraving printing process is only partially predictable. It depends on various parameters, such as the material of the printed sheet used or the printing pressure in the steel engraving printing machine or the printed image itself. Attempts are made to counteract this negative effect by One problem that can be encountered is that the print images to be printed using the offset printing process are partially pre-distorted in a pre-press stage prior to production in order to take account of the expected deformation caused by the steel engraving printing process. However, the results that can be achieved in this way are not always fully satisfactory. This is because the printing forms used in the steel engraving printing process, i.e. the steel engraving plates, are subject to wear and tear, e.g. in the form of elongation, which can lead to a print image being shifted, e.g. to a border or edge of the relevant printing sheet and/or to different print images being shifted in relation to one another. Moreover, in a steel engraving printing machine using a steel engraving printing process, several, e.g. three, steel engraving printing plates are usually used alternately in the same production run, and depending on how they are mounted in the steel engraving printing machine in question, they can produce at least a slightly different printing register.

To produce the generic printed products, the various printing processes involved in production are used one after the other, as mentioned above, either in a production facility that has several printing machines combined or in separate printing machines that are spatially separated from each other. The resulting print register is therefore also crucially dependent on the respective sheet feeder and/or sheet feeder on the respective printing machine that carries out the respective printing process.

Furthermore, the print register is also influenced by causes resulting from paper production, such as a deviation from the intended position of the cut of a contact edge or side edge of the relevant printed sheet. Printed sheets are usually cut from a web of material, preferably from a web of paper, with several printed sheets arranged next to one another in this web of material transverse to its longitudinal direction. The print register that results later when the printing process is carried out can also be influenced by the previous position of the relevant The position of the printed sheet in the relevant material web can be influenced because a printed sheet cut from the middle of the web behaves differently in the subsequent printing process than a printed sheet previously arranged at one of the web edges. In addition, the respective substrate moisture also affects the print register, especially in the case of printed sheets made of paper.

Due to the influences mentioned above, there is a need for the print register to be checked and appropriately set up and/or corrected when setting up the production plant or printing machines and in particular during production, i.e. during ongoing production for the manufacture of the generic print products, by assessing a print image to a sheet edge and/or from print image to print image and/or from a print image to a security feature.

It is true that the respective banknote designs are usually designed in such a way that a certain variance in the process chain is not a problem. For example, tolerances are permitted between the individual printing processes involved in the production of the generic printed products that go far beyond the tolerances that, for example, the four printing colors of the CMYK offset printing process have in relation to one another. In an offset printing process, only a few hundredths of a millimeter are generally tolerable for the color register and/or the registration, whereas several tenths of a millimeter are not a problem between the individual printing processes involved in the production of the generic printed products.

The invention is based on the object of creating a method for controlling the quality of printed products, wherein these printed products are produced successively in a specific production by means of several printing machines.

The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1. The dependent claims relate to advantageous embodiments and/or further developments the solution found.

The advantages that can be achieved with the invention consist in particular in that the informative value of a determined print register is improved in order to be able to recognize a trend in the print register that arises during production of the generic print products, particularly during production, and to be able to understand and then counteract long-term drift effects in the print register.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawings and is described in more detail below.

Fig. 1

eine Banknote mit mehreren voneinander beabstandet angeordneten Druckbildern;

Fig. 2

eine Darstellung erfindungsgemäß gewonnener Ergebnisse auf einem Monitor einer Anzeigeeinrichtung.

Show it:

Fig.1

a banknote with several printed images arranged at a distance from one another;

Fig.2

a representation of results obtained according to the invention on a monitor of a display device.

Fig.1 shows, by way of example and only schematically, a printed product 01 in the form of a security document 01, in particular a banknote 01, with print images 03; 04; 06 arranged at a distance from one another, wherein these print images 03; 04; 06 have each been printed one after the other using different printing processes. In this example, it is to be assumed, without any limitation, that on a preferably rectangular, in particular flat surface 02 of the printing material used for the production of the printed product 01, preferably designed as a printing sheet, the print image with the reference number 03 is printed using an offset printing process and the several, e.g. three print images each with the reference number 04 are each printed using an intaglio printing process and the print image with the Reference number 06 were printed in a screen printing process. In the design of this printed product 01, Fig.1 reference lines indicated by dashed lines are defined which show the distances A; B; C; D defined before production begins between the print images 03; 04; 06 to be printed or printed using various printing processes. Each of these distances A; B; C; D is assigned a distance measurement and an associated permissible tolerance. These distance measurements, which define a target value for each of the distances A; B; C; D, and their respective permissible tolerances are stored in a preferably digital computing unit, whereby this computing unit is designed, for example, as part of an opto-electronic inspection system, i.e. one having a camera. The quality of printed products 01 is checked, for example, by evaluating camera images which photographically depict the print images 03; 04; 06 printed on the printing material, whereby these camera images are created by a camera of the inspection system which is preferably designed as a semiconductor camera.

A method is now proposed for checking the quality of printed products 01 which are produced in succession in a specific production using several printing machines, whereby for each of these printed products 01 at least three print images 03; 04; 06, each printed using different printing processes, are arranged on a respective surface 02 of a printing material to be printed, each spaced apart from one another at the relevant distance A; B; C; D specified for this printed product 01. In this case, two print images 03; 04; 06, each printed using different printing processes, are selected by the inspection system to form a print image pair, whereby the respective print image pair is assigned a distance dimension specified for the respective distance A; B; C; D of the selected print images, for example by the inspection system, i.e. preferably by a program running in a particularly digital computing unit of this inspection system. The respective distance dimension is provided with a tolerance in the inspection system by its computing unit before the specific production begins. The The respective tolerance is or will be determined depending on the printing process used in the respective print image pair. The respective permissible tolerances can be in a range between 0.3 mm and 3 mm, for example.

The quality of the printed products 01 produced is now checked by using the computer unit of the inspection system to determine, preferably inline, during the specific production, i.e. during ongoing production, a value for the respective distance A; B; C; D between the print images 03; 04; 06 selected for this print image pair, preferably by program, for at least a subset taken from the set of all printed products 01 produced consecutively in the specific production, for the same print image pair of these printed products 01. The computer unit then compares the currently determined value of the relevant distance A; B; C; D with the distance dimension specified for this distance A; B; C; D, taking the associated tolerance into account, and determines a deviation of the currently determined value of the relevant distance A; B; C; D from its specified distance dimension, taking the associated tolerance into account. In the event that the computer unit detects an intolerable deviation of the currently determined value of the relevant distance A; B; C; D from its specified distance dimension, the print product 01 in question is ejected from the ongoing production process, for example, and/or a setting of the print machine in question that influences the ongoing production process is preferably changed automatically, e.g. by the computing unit, or at least such a change is initiated, so that print products 01 subsequently produced by this print machine again correspond to the desired quality.

It can be provided that the inspection system forms several pairs of print images for each print product 01 whose quality is to be checked, whereby the respective distance of at least two of these pairs of print images is determined by the inspection system before the start of the specific production with a tolerance is provided, wherein the tolerances of print image pairs differing in at least one printing process are each defined differently, wherein the computing unit of the inspection system determines a deviation of the respective currently determined value of the relevant distances A; B; C; D from the respective specified distance dimension for the print image pairs formed.

As mentioned, a steel engraving printing process and an offset printing process and a screen printing process are used as printing processes for printing the printed images 03; 04; 06 involved in the production of each printed product 01, whereby a steel engraving printing machine is used to carry out the steel engraving printing process, an offset printing machine is used to carry out the offset printing process and a screen printing machine is used to carry out the screen printing process. The printed products 01 can be produced in a single pass in a production plant that has several printing machines combined or by means of spatially separated, independent printing machines in successive production steps.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the computing unit of the inspection system determines the current value for the respective distance A; B; C; D between the respective print images 03; 04; 06 for the respective subset consisting of several, e.g. 50 to 200 printed products 01 taken from the set of all printed products 01 produced consecutively in the specific production, for the at least one identical print image pair from several of these printed products 01 belonging to this subset, wherein the computing unit determines an average value from these currently determined values for the distances A; B; C; D, wherein the computing unit determines a deviation of the determined average value from the distance dimension specified for this distance A; B; C; D, taking into account the associated tolerance.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the computing unit of the inspection system determines a current value for the respective distance A; B; C; D between the respective print images 03; 04; 06 for several subsets from the set of all printed products 01 produced consecutively in the specific production, for at least one identical print image pair of the printed products 01 contained in the respective subsets, wherein the computing unit determines a first mean value for each subset from these currently determined values for the distances A; B; C; D, wherein the computing unit determines a second mean value from these first mean values, wherein the computing unit determines a deviation of the determined second mean value from its distance dimension specified for this distance A; B; C; D, taking into account the associated tolerance.

In the two aforementioned embodiments of the invention, the computing unit advantageously checks a currently determined value of the relevant distance A; B; C; D for plausibility before each averaging and excludes it from the averaging if it is not plausible. Alternatively or additionally, the computing unit can also eliminate currently determined extreme values, i.e. at least one currently determined minimum value and/or at least one currently determined maximum value, in the respective subset for the respective distance A; B; C; D between the respective print images 03; 04; 06 before each averaging. In addition, the computing unit can also calculate a standard deviation from the respective mean.

Printed products 01 designed as security documents 01 or as banknotes 01 are often produced in a single sheet, so that the printed products 01 in question are arranged in several rows and columns on the printed sheet in question. The averaging methods described above are preferably used for those printed products 01 which are each of the relevant printing sheet, since at these positions the greatest deviations of the currently determined value of the relevant distance A; B; C; D from the specified distance dimension are to be expected, taking into account the associated tolerance. This is because this is where the interference influences mentioned at the beginning are most noticeable. It is precisely from the deviations of printed products 01, which are each arranged at the corner positions of a printing sheet, that the computing unit can calculate an elongation of the at least one printing form used in one of the printing processes, in particular an elongation of the at least one steel engraving plate carrying out the steel engraving printing process.

In a further important embodiment of the invention, several, e.g. three, steel engraving printing plates are used alternately in the steel engraving printing machine in the same production to carry out the steel engraving printing process, wherein for at least two of the steel engraving printing plates involved in carrying out the steel engraving printing process or for all of the steel engraving printing plates involved in carrying out the steel engraving printing process, the deviation of the respective currently determined value of the relevant distances A; B; C; D from its specified distance dimension or the deviation of the determined mean value from its specified distance dimension for this distance A; B; C; D or the deviation of the determined second mean value from its specified distance dimension for this distance A; B; C; D is each selectively determined by the computing unit. The respective deviation and/or the respective first and/or second mean value is therefore determined separately for each relevant steel engraving printing plate.

The determined deviation of the respective currently determined value of the relevant distances A; B; C; D from its specified distance measure and/or the determined deviation of the determined mean value from its specified distance measure for this distance A; B; C; D and/or the determined deviation of the determined second mean value from its specified distance measure for this distance A; B; C; D are, for example, controlled by the computing unit of the inspection system and preferably displayed on a monitor 07 of a display device.

Fig.2 shows, by way of example, a representation of results obtained according to the invention on the monitor 07 of the display device. On the monitor 07, a Cartesian coordinate system is shown, for example, in which the respective deviations of the respective currently determined values of at least one of the relevant distances A; B; C; D from the associated specified distance measure and/or the determined deviations of the determined mean value from the distance measure specified for this distance A; B; C; D and/or the determined deviation of the determined second mean value from the distance measure specified for this distance A; B; C; D are displayed, in particular graphically, with reference to the origin of this coordinate system.

Specifically, Fig.2 for example, the respective deviations determined by the computing unit of the respective currently determined values of three distances A; B; C between a print image 03 printed in an offset printing process and a print image 04 printed in an intaglio printing process from the respective associated specified distance dimension. These three distances A; B; C result, for example, from the use of three intaglio printing plates P1; P2; P3 used alternately in the same production, e.g. on the circumference of the same printing cylinder. As previously mentioned, generic printed products 01 are often produced in a print sheet. The representation of the Fig.2 concerns, for example, a printed product 01, which is arranged in a corner position on the relevant printed sheet. In the representation of the Fig.2 Values generated by the first steel engraving plate P1 are represented by a square, values generated by the second steel engraving plate P2 are represented by a diamond, and values generated by the third steel engraving plate P3 are represented by a triangle. In the immediate vicinity around the origin of the coordinate system, the permissible distance for the respective distance measurement is Tolerance is shown. This representation indicates a tolerance range which, in this example, extends on both the abscissa and the ordinate of the coordinate system shown from the coordinate value -0.5 to the coordinate value +0.5, whereby a permissible tolerance of ±0.5 mm is shown for the distance measurement in question. Values and/or deviations determined by the computing unit outside of this tolerance range are shown in a different color than values shown within the respective permissible tolerance range. This representation makes it easy to recognize a trend in the print register that arises during production of the generic printed products 01. In addition, further parameters can be calculated from the determined and/or displayed values and/or deviations by the computing unit, if necessary using further information, e.g. on the position of a certain printed product 01 in the print, e.g. a change in the length of the printing forms, in particular the steel engraving printing plates P1; P2; P3.

List of reference symbols

01

printed product; security document; banknote

02

area to be printed on a substrate

03

print image printed using an offset printing process

04

image printed using a steel engraving process

05

-

06

image printed using a screen printing process

07

monitor

A

Distance

B

Distance

C

Distance

D

Distance

P1

Steel engraving plate

P2

Steel engraving plate

P3

Steel engraving plate

Claims (11)

1. Method for checking the quality of printed products (01) which are consecutively produced in a particular production operation by means of multiple printing presses, in each case at least three printed images (03; 04; 06) being arranged on a respective area to be printed of each of these printed products (01) so as to be spaced apart from one another at a distance (A; B; C; D) defined for this printed product (01); these at least three printed images (03; 04; 06) being each printed in printing methods that differ from one another; for checking the quality of the respective printed product (01), two printed images (03; 04; 06) printed in differing printing methods being selected by an inspection system to form a printed image pair; the printed image pair being assigned a distance dimension that is defined for the distance (A; B; C; D) between its printed images (03; 04; 06); prior to the start of the particular production operation, this distance dimension being provided with a tolerance that is defined as a function of the printing methods used in the relevant printed image pair; at least in a subset taken from the quantity of all printed products (01) that have been consecutively produced in the particular production operation, the quality of the produced printed products (01) being checked in that, during the particular production operation, in each case an instantaneous value for the respective distance (A; B; C; D) between the printed images (03; 04; 06) selected for this printed image pair being ascertained by means of a processing unit of the inspection system, with the printed image pair being the same in each case; the processing unit comparing the respective value of the relevant distances (A; B; C; D), which is instantaneously ascertained in each case, to the distance dimension defined for this distance (A; B; C; D), taking into consideration the associated tolerance, and ascertaining a deviation of the respective value of the relevant distances (A; B; C; D), which is instantaneously ascertained in each case, from its defined distance dimension, taking into consideration the associated tolerance; a steel engraving method and an offset printing method being used as printing methods for printing the printed images (03; 04; 06) involved in the production of each printed product (01); an intaglio printing press being used for carrying out the steel engraving method, and an offset printing press being used for carrying out the offset printing method, characterized in that, additionally, a screen printing method is used as a printing method for printing the printed images (03; 04; 06) involved in the production of each printed product (01); a screen printing press being used for carrying out the screen printing process; multiple steel plates being alternately used in the same production operation for carrying out the steel engraving process in the intaglio printing press; and for at least two of the steel plates involved in carrying out the steel engraving process or for all steel plates involved in carrying out the steel engraving process, the processing unit in each case selectively ascertaining the deviation of the respective value of the relevant distances (A; B; C; D), which is instantaneously ascertained in each case, from its defined distance dimension.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the printed products (01) are produced in a production system that comprises a combination of multiple printing presses in a single pass through this production system, or by means of respective separate printing presses that are arranged in a spatially separated manner in consecutive production steps.
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inspection system in each case forms multiple printed image pairs for each printed product (01) whose quality is to be checked, the respective distance dimension between at least two of these printed image pairs being provided with a respective tolerance prior to the start of the particular production operation; the tolerances of printed image pairs that differ in at least one printing method in each case being differently defined; and the processing unit of the inspection system in each case ascertaining a deviation of the respective value of the relevant distances (A; B; C; D), which is instantaneously ascertained in each case, from the respective distance dimension, which is defined in each case, in the formed printed image pairs.
4. Method according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that, in the relevant subset from the quantity of all printed products (01) that have been consecutively produced in the particular production operation, in each case an instantaneous value for the respective distance (A; B; C; D) between the respective printed images (03; 04; 06) of several of the printed products (01) belonging to this subset is ascertained by the processing unit of the inspection system, with the at least one printed image pair being the same in each case; the processing unit ascertaining a mean value from these instantaneously ascertained values for the respective distances (A; B; C; D) ; and the processing unit ascertaining a deviation of the ascertained mean value from its distance dimension defined for this distance (A; B; C; D), taking into consideration the associated tolerance.
5. Method according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that, in the case of multiple subsets that are taken in each case from the quantity of all printed products (01) that have been consecutively produced in the particular production operation, a respective instantaneous value for the respective distance (A; B; C; D) between the respective printed images (03; 04; 06) of the printed products (01) contained in the respective subsets is ascertained by the processing unit of the inspection system, with at least one respective printed image pair being the same in each case; the processing unit in each case ascertaining a first mean value from these instantaneously ascertained values for the distances (A; B; C; D) for each subset; the processing unit ascertaining a second mean value from these first mean values; and the processing unit ascertaining a deviation of the ascertained second mean value from its distance dimension defined for this distance (A; B; C; D), taking into consideration the associated tolerance.
6. Method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, prior to the determination of the mean value, the processing unit eliminates instantaneously ascertained extreme values in the respective subset for the respective distance (A; B; C; D) between the respective printed images (03; 04; 06).
7. Method according to claim 4 or 5 or 6, characterized in that for at least two of the steel plates involved in carrying out the steel engraving process or for all steel plates involved in carrying out the steel engraving process, the processing unit in each case selectively ascertains the deviation of the ascertained mean value from its distance dimension defined for this distance (A; B; C; D) or the deviation of the ascertained second mean value from its distance dimension defined for this distance (A; B; C; D).
8. Method according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7, characterized in that the ascertained deviation of the respective value of the relevant distances (A; B; C; D), which is instantaneously ascertained in each case, from its defined distance dimension or the ascertained deviation of the ascertained mean value from its distance dimension defined for this distance (A; B; C; D) or the ascertained deviation of the ascertained second mean value from its distance dimension defined for this distance (A; B; C; D) is in each case represented on a display device.
9. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that a coordinate system is represented on the display device, in which, in each case with reference to the origin of this coordinate system, the respective deviations, as ascertained by the processing unit, of the respective values of at least one of the relevant distances (A; B; C; D), which are instantaneously ascertained in each case, from the associated defined distance dimension and/or the ascertained deviations of the ascertained mean value from its distance dimension defined for this distance (A; B; C; D) and/or the ascertained deviation of the ascertained second mean value from its distance dimension defined for this distance (A; B; C; D), are represented.
10. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the respective permissible tolerances are represented around the origin of the coordinate system and characterize a tolerance range.
11. Method according to claim 10, characterized in that values to be represented outside the tolerance range situated around the origin of the coordinate system are represented in different colors than values to be represented within the respective permissible tolerance range.

Images