EP4118406A1 - Kraftsensorsystem mit überlastschutz - Google Patents
Kraftsensorsystem mit überlastschutzInfo
- Publication number
- EP4118406A1 EP4118406A1 EP21712023.7A EP21712023A EP4118406A1 EP 4118406 A1 EP4118406 A1 EP 4118406A1 EP 21712023 A EP21712023 A EP 21712023A EP 4118406 A1 EP4118406 A1 EP 4118406A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- force
- recess
- sensor system
- force sensor
- measuring sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
- G01L1/2206—Special supports with preselected places to mount the resistance strain gauges; Mounting of supports
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/26—Auxiliary measures taken, or devices used, in connection with the measurement of force, e.g. for preventing influence of transverse components of force, for preventing overload
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0004—Force transducers adapted for mounting in a bore of the force receiving structure
Definitions
- the invention relates to a force-detecting sensor system with overload protection.
- the weight in the shovel can be determined. For example, three tons of material can be transported in its shovel. For a wheel loader with an unladen weight of around thirteen tons, this means that there are around four tons of weight per wheel. This value can be assumed as the nominal load for which the force sensor system is to be designed in order to record the weight of the conveyed material in the shovel as precisely as possible. In the operation of wheel loaders, however, there are situations in which the load is unevenly distributed on the wheels.
- the invention thus relates to a force sensor system, having a housing arrangement with at least one through recess which has at least one diameter to accommodate at least one force measuring sensor; at least one force measuring sensor which is arranged in the at least one through recess; and at least one abutment body which is arranged in the at least one through recess, the force sensor system having radial play between the at least one abutment body and the through recess.
- a basic idea of the invention is therefore that, as a result of the claimed construction of the force sensor system, the radial play is closed from a defined load and the forces are diverted around the force measuring sensor.
- This is also known as a force shunt.
- this force shunt should only come into operation outside of the measuring range in order not to falsify the measurement result or to maintain the measurement accuracy.
- the force shunt is achieved by bridging the play, i.e. a small gap. Since only very small distances or deformations occur during strain measurements, precisely manufactured machine components are required. Depending on the amount of play and the material properties, can be adjusted or the force, tension and / or elongation from which a material deformation leads to a closed gap and thus the force shunt is formed can be defined.
- the abutment body thus forms, with the defined gap, a radial play in relation to the housing arrangement.
- This radial play can be generated, for example, by precisely producing the through recess, for example by means of a grinding process. Then the diameter of the passage recess is measured and then the appropriate abutment body is selected and inserted. If a load that acts on the housing arrangement now exceeds a defined level, the play or the gap is closed and part of the force is diverted around the force measuring sensor.
- radial play is at least one such gap which has a material distance between the inner surface of the through recess and the outer surface of the abutment body at a certain point in such a way that there is no force shunt for the regular force detection of a force sensor system set to a certain value range.
- a second abutment body can be placed in the housing arrangement in such a way that the second abutment body adjusts the housing deformation for the desired data acquisition through a correspondingly acting abutment.
- the housing arrangement can be constructed with through openings and / or grooves in such a way that the through openings and / or grooves adjust the housing deformation for the desired data acquisition through a corresponding weakening of the material.
- the at least one through recess has at least two different diameters, namely a small diameter and a larger diameter; the at least one force measuring sensor is arranged in the at least one through recess in the area of the small diameter; and the at least one abutment body is arranged in the at least one through recess in the area of the larger diameter, the force sensor system having the radial play between the at least one abutment body and the through recess in the area of the larger diameter.
- the different diameters ensure that the abutment body and the force measuring sensor do not touch. This is useful in order to keep the measuring accuracy of the force measuring sensor high. In particular, if the force measuring sensor has sensory means in the potential contact area, this can reduce the risk of false detections.
- one or more force measuring sensors is or are strain gauges, preferably glued or sputtered, and / or essentially has or have a cylindrical shape with at least one end face and / or a lateral surface, the at least one end face and / or the lateral surface have elongation means running in a meandering shape.
- a strain gauge is a sensor that is used to measure the elongation of an object.
- the most common type of strain gauge consists of an insulating flexible pad that carries a metal foil pattern.
- the strain gauge is attached with a suitable adhesive, such as. B. cyanoacrylate, attached to the object. It is also possible to sputter the strain gauge onto the object to be detected. When the object is deformed, the film is deformed, which changes its electrical resistance. This change in resistance, which is usually measured with a Wheatstone bridge, is related to the elongation caused by the quantity known as the elongation factor.
- a strain gauge uses the physical property of electrical conductivity and its dependence on the geometry of the conductor.
- an electrical conductor If an electrical conductor is stretched within the limits of its elasticity so that it does not break or permanently deform, it will narrower and longer, which increases its electrical resistance from end to end. Conversely, when a conductor is compressed so that it is not kinked, it widens and shortens, reducing its electrical resistance from end to end. The level of the induced voltage can be deduced from the measured electrical resistance of the strain gauge.
- a typical strain gauge arranges a long, thin conductive strip in a meandering shape, a zigzag pattern of parallel lines. This does not increase the sensitivity, since the percentage change in resistance for a given elongation is the same for the entire zigzag line as for a single conductor track.
- a single linear conductor would have to be extremely thin, which could cause it to overheat. This would change its resistance and it would expand. Or the track would have to operate at a much lower voltage, which would make it difficult to accurately measure changes in resistance.
- Sputtering also known as cathode atomization
- a solid body also known as a target
- high-energy ions predominantly noble gas ions
- a force measuring sensor which essentially has a cylindrical shape with at least one end face and / or a lateral surface, the at least one end face and / or the lateral surface having meandering expansion means, is a force measuring sensor that is based on thin-film sensor technology and that does Uses the measuring method of strain gauges.
- the expansion means are coated directly on the end face and, for temperature compensation, also on the outer surface of a small steel cylinder.
- the force measuring sensor is pressed into the through recess of the housing arrangement with a slight oversize and thus experiences the same expansion as the surrounding material.
- the thin-film sensor technology functionality is usually realized by a submicrometer-thin, stretch-sensitive metal coating that is structured by micromachining.
- This measuring structure enables a continuous force and torque measurement during operation. Through this measurement technique is it is possible, for example, to determine the torque very quickly and precisely.
- it is a multi-layer system comprising an insulation coating and a stretch-sensitive metal coating, in particular by means of the PVD process, physical vapor deposition process.
- physical processes are used to convert the starting material into the gas phase.
- the gaseous material is then fed to the substrate to be coated, where it condenses and forms the target layer.
- the essentially cylindrical shape of the force measuring sensor is a bolt, preferably with a diameter of eight millimeters and, for example, a length of twenty millimeters.
- essentially means that the cylindrical basic structure can partially have deviations, for example small recesses. A completely cylindrical shape is also possible.
- one or more abutment bodies are rolling bodies.
- Rolling bodies are known, for example, from rolling bearings as balls, rollers, cylindrical rollers, needles, cones or other rotating bodies made of steel, ceramic or special, extra hard plastics, which, as elements of a rolling bearing or a linear roller guide, significantly reduce the friction between the various components of the bearing or the guide reduce and thus extremely facilitate the relative movement of different machine elements to each other. Because of the completely different form of application, it is therefore far away to resort to rolling elements. It has been found that rolling bodies are particularly suitable as abutment bodies, since high-precision manufacturing processes for rolling bodies exist and the radial gap can thus be optimally adjusted.
- the rolling elements can be made of chrome steel.
- This material is very hard, but easily rusts, compared to the preferred steel grade 100Cr6; a steel with a content of about one percent by weight carbon and about one and a half percent by weight chromium.
- Other steels are, for example, 100CrMnSi6-4 and 100CrMo7, with the alloying elements manganese and molybdenum serving to improve hardenability. Because of the susceptibility to rust, the use of a cover element is particularly preferred.
- the high-alloy steels X65Cr13 and X30CrMoN15-1 can also be used for applications in a corrosive environment.
- the at least one through recess between at least one force measuring sensor and at least one abutment body has a spacing device in order to abut the abutment body in a load-free manner relative to the force measuring sensor.
- the at least one through recess in the transition area from a larger diameter to a small diameter has a step as a spacer device in order to counter the abutment body. The purpose of this feature is that the measuring accuracy of the force measuring sensor is not impaired.
- the at least one through recess has a cover element at one or both ends, which is preferably designed in two stages such that an inner diameter segment engages in the diameter, preferably the larger diameter, of the through recess and that a Even larger diameter outer diameter segment rests on an outer surface of the housing arrangement.
- a cover element can be connected non-positively and / or positively, and in particular releasably, to the housing arrangement in order to always be able to access the force measuring sensor and / or the abutment body.
- the housing arrangement has one or more through openings and / or one or more grooves in order to be connected to a component via this or these and / or to set a flow of force for force detection via this or them .
- the housing arrangement must be connected to the component to be tested.
- a connection via one or more through openings and / or one or more grooves does not adversely affect the measurement result.
- the force flows can also be adjusted via the position of the connection between these components, so that the measurement quality can be improved and overload protection can be achieved.
- the force sensor system has at least two abutment bodies in a through recess, which are preferably arranged opposite one another along the through recess, and / or which in particular surround the force measuring sensor along the through recess at one end in each case. Deformations in two mutually opposite directions can thus be compensated for by the respective other abutment body. This increases the robustness and thus the measurement quality of the force sensor system.
- the invention further relates to a housing arrangement for a force sensor system according to at least one of the preceding features, characterized by the features of the housing arrangement according to at least one of the preceding features.
- the housing arrangement is preferably designed in the shape of a cuboid. It has been found that the aforementioned features can be implemented particularly well in the case of a cuboid shape. However, other shapes for the housing arrangement are also possible.
- the invention further relates to a force measuring sensor for a force sensor system according to at least one of the preceding features, characterized by the features of the force measuring sensor according to at least one of the preceding features.
- FIG. 1 a longitudinal section through a force sensor system according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention, with a housing arrangement, a force measuring sensor and a Abutment body, a load acting on the housing arrangement in the area of the abutment body;
- FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a force sensor system according to an alternative preferred embodiment of the invention, the force sensor system having a further abutment body compared to FIG. 1 and being subjected to a different load which acts on the housing arrangement in the area of the abutment body;
- FIGS. 1 and 8 a perspective view of a force sensor system according to an alternative preferred embodiment of the invention, with a force measuring sensor arranged differently from FIG. 1; 9: a perspective view of a force sensor system according to an alternative preferred embodiment of the invention, with a force measuring sensor arranged differently from FIGS. 1 and 8;
- FIG. 10 a perspective and a sectional view of a force sensor system according to an alternative preferred embodiment of the invention, with a force measuring sensor arranged differently from FIG. 1 and with a different cable connection;
- FIG. 11 a sectional view of a force sensor system according to an alternative preferred embodiment of the invention, with a force measuring sensor arranged differently from FIG. 1.
- Figures 1 to 11 show a plurality of embodiments of a preferred force sensor system 10.
- All force sensor systems 10 include: a housing arrangement 12 with at least one through recess 14 which has at least one diameter D1 to accommodate at least one force measuring sensor 16; at least one force measuring sensor 16 which is arranged in the at least one through recess 14; and at least one abutment body 18 which is arranged in the at least one through recess 14, the force sensor system 10 having radial play RS between the at least one abutment body 18 and the through recess 14.
- the preferred embodiments of the force sensor system 10 shown are also characterized according to FIGS. 1 to 11 in that the at least one through recess 14 has at least two different diameters D1, D2, namely a small diameter D1 and a larger diameter D2; the at least one force measuring sensor 16 is arranged in the at least one through recess 14 in the area of the small diameter D1; and the at least one abutment body 18 is arranged in the at least one through recess 14 in the area of the larger diameter D2, the force sensor system 10 having the radial play RS between the at least one abutment body 18 and the through recess 14 in the area of the larger diameter D2.
- these are preferred but not limiting features of the force sensor system 10.
- the force measuring sensor 16 detects loads B acting on it and transmits this information by means of a cable connection 40
- one or more force measuring sensors 16 is or are strain gauges, preferably glued or sputtered.
- one or more force measuring sensors 16 has or have essentially a cylindrical shape with at least one end face 20 and one lateral surface 22, the at least one end face 20 and the lateral surface 22 meandering have running stretching means.
- the cylinder shape is clearly schematized in the figures. With a view to the cylindrical shape, this essentially means that the respective force measuring sensor 16 can be guided along the through recess 14 and at the same time has sufficient contact with the through recess 14 to carry out a qualitative force measurement.
- the abutment bodies 18 are rolling bodies. Again, this is a separate feature and not limiting.
- the at least one through recess 14 between the at least one Force measuring sensor 16 and the at least one abutment body 18 has a spacer device 24 designed as a step or support shoulder in order to abut the abutment body 18 in a load-free manner relative to the force measuring sensor 16.
- the at least one through recess 14 having a step or support shoulder as a spacer 24 in the transition area from the larger diameter D2 to the small diameter D1 in order to counter the abutment body 18.
- the end face 20 of the force measuring sensor 16 is thus not loaded by the abutment body 18.
- the exemplary embodiment in Figures 1 to 11 is shown in such a way that the at least one through recess 14 has a cover element 26 at one or both ends, which is preferably designed in two stages such that an inner diameter segment 28 in the larger diameter D2 of the through recess 14 engages and that an even larger diameter outer diameter segment 30 rests on an outer surface 32 of the housing arrangement 12.
- the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 has a cover element 26 and the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 has two cover elements 26. This is advantageous, for example, when a respective abutment body 18 is designed as a rolling element, since rolling element steels tend to corrode. This provides increased protection against corrosion and other harmful influences, such as dust particles.
- the housing arrangement 12 has one or more through openings 34 and / or one or more grooves 36.
- FIG. 6 it is shown by way of example that the force sensor system 10 is connected to two components 38 via the through openings 34.
- FIG. 7 shows in FIGS. 7a, 7c and 7d different preferred configurations of grooves 36 in order to use these to set a flow of force for force detection.
- FIG. 7 b it can preferably be seen that the force flow for force detection can be adjusted via a through opening 34.
- the force sensor system 10 has at least two abutment bodies 18 in a through recess 14, which are preferably arranged opposite one another along the through recess 14 and / or which in particular surround the force measuring sensor 16 along the through recess 14 at one end in each case.
- the latter feature means that an abutment body 18 is arranged closer to the outside area than the force measuring sensor to be protected
- the housing arrangement 12 is cuboid. This shape has proven to be particularly advantageous, other shapes also being possible for the housing arrangement 12, provided that they enable a force shunt.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020106427.6A DE102020106427B4 (de) | 2020-03-10 | 2020-03-10 | Kraftsensorsystem mit Überlastschutz |
| PCT/DE2021/100211 WO2021180270A1 (de) | 2020-03-10 | 2021-03-02 | Kraftsensorsystem mit überlastschutz |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4118406A1 true EP4118406A1 (de) | 2023-01-18 |
Family
ID=74874595
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21712023.7A Ceased EP4118406A1 (de) | 2020-03-10 | 2021-03-02 | Kraftsensorsystem mit überlastschutz |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4118406A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020106427B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021180270A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2775887A (en) | 1953-06-11 | 1957-01-01 | Baldwin Lima Hamilton Corp | Load cell type dynamometer with overload protection means |
| JPS5924980Y2 (ja) * | 1976-04-01 | 1984-07-23 | 株式会社東洋ボ−ルドウイン | 過負荷防止s字型ロ−ドセル |
| DE8706522U1 (de) | 1987-05-07 | 1987-08-06 | Erhardt + Leimer GmbH, 8900 Augsburg | Meßvorrichtung |
| US5199518A (en) * | 1992-02-19 | 1993-04-06 | Sheldon Woodle | Load cell |
| DE10035483B4 (de) | 2000-07-21 | 2005-07-21 | Sartorius Hamburg Gmbh | Kraftaufnehmer für einen Fahrzeugsitz |
| DE10354603A1 (de) | 2003-11-21 | 2005-06-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verbindungselement |
| DE102004016398A1 (de) | 2004-03-26 | 2005-10-13 | EBM Brosa Messgeräte GmbH & Co. KG | Lasterfassungsvorrichtung für ein hängend gelagertes Arbeitswerkzeug eines Arbeitsgerätes |
| SE534746C2 (sv) * | 2010-04-01 | 2011-12-06 | Scania Cv Ab | Mätanordning för uppmätning av belastningen på en hålaxel och förfarande för sådan uppmätning |
| GB2558871B (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2021-01-06 | Datum Electronics Ltd | Strain gauge |
-
2020
- 2020-03-10 DE DE102020106427.6A patent/DE102020106427B4/de active Active
-
2021
- 2021-03-02 WO PCT/DE2021/100211 patent/WO2021180270A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2021-03-02 EP EP21712023.7A patent/EP4118406A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102020106427A1 (de) | 2021-09-16 |
| WO2021180270A1 (de) | 2021-09-16 |
| DE102020106427B4 (de) | 2025-05-15 |
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