EP4110730A1 - Procédé de charge ou recharge en ammoniac de cartouche de stockage d'ammoniac et cartouche de stockage d'ammoniac pour un système de conversion d'ammoniac en énergie - Google Patents
Procédé de charge ou recharge en ammoniac de cartouche de stockage d'ammoniac et cartouche de stockage d'ammoniac pour un système de conversion d'ammoniac en énergieInfo
- Publication number
- EP4110730A1 EP4110730A1 EP21707699.1A EP21707699A EP4110730A1 EP 4110730 A1 EP4110730 A1 EP 4110730A1 EP 21707699 A EP21707699 A EP 21707699A EP 4110730 A1 EP4110730 A1 EP 4110730A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ammonia
- cartridge
- salt
- liquid
- outlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
- C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
- C01C1/003—Storage or handling of ammonia
- C01C1/006—Storage or handling of ammonia making use of solid ammonia storage materials, e.g. complex ammine salts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/0274—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04 characterised by the type of anion
- B01J20/0281—Sulfates of compounds other than those provided for in B01J20/045
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/0274—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04 characterised by the type of anion
- B01J20/0292—Phosphates of compounds other than those provided for in B01J20/048
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/0203—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04
- B01J20/0274—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of metals not provided for in B01J20/04 characterised by the type of anion
- B01J20/0296—Nitrates of compounds other than those provided for in B01J20/04
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/045—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium containing sulfur, e.g. sulfates, thiosulfates, gypsum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/046—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium containing halogens, e.g. halides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/048—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium containing phosphorus, e.g. phosphates, apatites, hydroxyapatites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/50—Aspects relating to the use of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/62—In a cartridge
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for charging or recharging an ammonia storage cartridge for an ammonia-to-energy conversion system, but also to an ammonia storage cartridge for an ammonia-to-energy conversion system, as well as to an ammonia storage cartridge for an ammonia-to-energy conversion system. a system for converting ammonia into energy.
- a process for recharging an ammonia storage cartridge with ammonia comprising a salt capable of absorbing gaseous ammonia is already known in the state of the art, in particular from document FR 2 966 817. However, the process described is slow and not suitable for ammonia storage systems requiring rapid recharging.
- document FR 3 006 681 discloses an ammonia storage cartridge with optimized filling time, however such a cartridge does not allow rapid filling combined with a high storage capacity.
- a first object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method of charging or recharging an ammonia storage cartridge for a system for converting ammonia into energy which overcomes the problems listed above.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide an ammonia storage cartridge for an ammonia to energy conversion system allowing rapid charging or recharging of ammonia.
- a third object of the present invention is to provide a system for converting ammonia into energy allowing rapid charging or recharging of ammonia.
- the first subject of the invention is a process for charging or recharging with ammonia an ammonia storage cartridge for a system for converting ammonia into energy, said cartridge comprising a salt capable of absorbing ammonia and liberating it by heating, said process comprising the following steps:
- liquid ammonia makes it possible to cool the cartridge during the exothermic absorption of N H3 by the salt thanks to the thermal capacity of the liquid N H3 preferably cooled and / or thanks to the enthalpy of evaporation of the liquid N H3 and / or thanks to the thermal capacity of the gaseous N H3.
- the forced circulation of ammonia within the salt allows local cooling of the salt, which is particularly interesting since salt is a poor thermal conductor. This makes it possible to have a process for charging or recharging an ammonia storage cartridge with ammonia for a system for converting ammonia into energy requiring only a few minutes and therefore similar, for example, to the fuel filling time. of a thermal engine vehicle in a service station.
- the cooling of the cartridge is also favored by the flow of ammonia passing through the cartridge, the higher the latter, the greater the cooling will be.
- the general idea is to overdose the amount of ammonia injected over the amount of ammonia that is likely to be absorbed by the salt and push the unabsorbed ammonia out of the cartridge.
- injection of liquid ammonia into the cartridge is meant the fact that the ammonia injected into the cartridge is wholly or partly in liquid form.
- ammonia is injected into the cartridge partly in liquid form, this is referred to as two-phase liquid-gas ammonia mixtures.
- the injected ammonia is in liquid form.
- forced circulation of ammonia within the salt is meant the fact that the majority of the ammonia flow flows through the salt during charging or recharging.
- the majority of the ammonia flow flows through the salt during charging or recharging is meant that at least 70% of the ammonia flow flows through the salt during the charging. charging or recharging, preferably that at least 80% of the ammonia flow flows through the salt during the charging or recharging, more preferably that at least 90% of the ammonia flow flows through the salt during charging or recharging, most preferably that all of the ammonia flow flows through the salt during charging or recharging.
- the pressure conditions at the inlet and at the outlet of the cartridge cause the ammonia to pass through the salt as it flows through the cartridge:
- the inlet opening and the opening outlet are positioned in the cartridge such that ammonia passes through the salt not necessarily by a direct path between the inlet and the outlet, and preferably in a homogeneous manner in order to cool all the salt during exothermic absorption ammonia by salt.
- absorb of the expression “a salt capable of absorbing ammonia and of releasing it by heating” is also meant the fact that the salt is also capable of adsorbing ammonia.
- the salt capable of absorbing ammonia and of releasing it by heating is a salt of general formula M a X z , where;
- M is one or more cations selected from the group of alkali metals, such as Li, Na, K or Cs, alkaline earth metals such as Mg, Ca or Sr and / or transition metals such as V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu or Zn, or combinations of these metals such as NaAl, KAI, K2Zn, CsCu or K2Fe,
- X is one or more anions selected from the group comprising fluorides, chlorides, bromides, iodides, nitrates, thiocyanates, sulphates, molybdates and phosphates,
- the salt capable of absorbing ammonia and releasing it by heating is selected from MgCL or SrCL or CaCL or a mixture of these salts. More preferably, the salt capable of absorbing ammonia and releasing it by heating is CaCL. According to other optional characteristics of the process for charging or recharging an ammonia storage cartridge with ammonia for a system for converting ammonia into energy according to the invention, taken alone or in combination:
- the process for charging or recharging an ammonia storage cartridge with ammonia for a system for converting ammonia into energy comprises a step of evaporating liquid ammonia into gaseous ammonia within the cartridge.
- the evaporation of liquid ammonia into gaseous ammonia within the cartridge is endothermic and allows greater dissipation of the heat generated by the absorption of ammonia by the salt which is exothermic.
- the heat or energy released by absorption of ammonia on CaCL salt for example, is approximately 2470 kJ / kg.
- the latter can be partially or totally counterbalanced by the heat or energy required for the evaporation of the ammonia, which is 1187.5 kJ / kg at 20 ° C. depending on the flow of ammonia injected.
- the process for charging or recharging an ammonia storage cartridge with ammonia for a system for converting ammonia into energy according to the invention comprises a step of cooling the liquid ammonia before injection into the cartridge.
- cooling the liquid ammonia which is introduced into the cartridge also makes it possible to improve the dissipation of the heat generated by the absorption of ammonia by the salt and therefore to cool the latter.
- the process for charging or recharging an ammonia storage cartridge with ammonia for a system for converting ammonia into energy comprises a step of detecting the state of the ammonia at the cartridge outlet .
- the step of detecting the state of the ammonia at the outlet of the cartridge allows easy determination of the rate of charge or refill of the cartridge.
- the charging or recharging of the cartridge is finished when; ⁇
- a two-phase liquid ammonia-gaseous ammonia mixture is detected at the cartridge outlet.
- stage of detecting the state of the ammonia at the outlet of the cartridge is understood to denote the fact that the stage of detecting the state of the ammonia is carried out directly at the outlet of the cartridge. or at a location close to the outlet of the cartridge by measuring the temperature of the ammonia at the outlet if the outlet pressure is known or else by measuring the temperature and pressure of the ammonia at the outlet.
- This step of detecting the state of the ammonia at the outlet of the cartridge is carried out using a temperature sensor if the outlet pressure is known or else using a temperature sensor and an outlet pressure sensor.
- the process for charging or recharging an ammonia storage cartridge with ammonia for a system for converting ammonia into energy comprises a step of removing the liquid ammonia present in the cartridge at the end charging or recharging.
- the step of removing the liquid ammonia present in the cartridge at the end of charging or recharging makes it possible to increase the safety of the charging or recharging process and the use of the cartridges thus recharged.
- the process for charging or recharging an ammonia storage cartridge with ammonia for a system for converting ammonia into energy according to the invention is such that the evacuation step is a step of evaporating the gas.
- liquid ammonia carried out by heating and / or by reducing the internal pressure prevailing in the cartridge. This simplifies the evaporation of liquid ammonia.
- the process for charging or recharging an ammonia storage cartridge with ammonia for a system for converting ammonia into energy according to the invention is such that the salt is trapped, or even fixed, in the cartridge.
- the fact that the salt is trapped in the cartridge makes it possible to avoid having to take it out of the cartridge or to handle it to carry out the process of charging or recharging with ammonia.
- this also makes it possible to better control the flow of liquid and / or gaseous ammonia in the cartridge, and therefore to facilitate the step of forced circulation of ammonia within the salt, which allows it to be charged or loaded. recharge with ammonia more quickly.
- the process for charging or recharging an ammonia storage cartridge with ammonia for a system for converting ammonia into energy according to the invention is such that the evacuation step is a step comprising the introduction of an inert gas in the cartridge.
- the introduction of an inert gas makes it possible to drive off the liquid ammonia still present in the cartridge at the end of charging or recharging.
- inert gas is understood to denote a gas which is not reactive with NH 3 but also a gas whose introduction into the cartridge will not reduce the storage capacity of the salt in ammonia.
- the second object of the invention is an ammonia storage cartridge, said cartridge comprising a salt capable of absorbing ammonia and of releasing it by heating, an inlet opening for liquid ammonia, an outlet opening for ammonia, the inlet opening and the outlet opening being positioned such that the majority of the ammonia flow passes through the salt to go from the inlet opening to the outlet opening.
- a salt capable of absorbing ammonia and of releasing it by heating
- an inlet opening for liquid ammonia an outlet opening for ammonia
- the inlet opening and the outlet opening being positioned such that the majority of the ammonia flow passes through the salt to go from the inlet opening to the outlet opening.
- the ammonia storage cartridge according to the invention is such that the quantity of salt contained in the cartridge allows an increase the volume of salt upon absorption of ammonia.
- the amount of salt contained in the cartridge is such that it allows the salt to swell when the salt becomes saturated with NH 3 . If Vc corresponds to the crystal volume after total NH 3 saturation of the amount of salt contained in the cartridge and V corresponds to the volume of the cartridge available for the salt saturated with ammonia, V must be greater than Vc.
- the porosity of the salt is defined as (V-Vc) / V, there is preferably a porosity of the salt of between 0.05 and 0.3 (5% and 30%) when the latter is saturated with ammonia. Too small a porosity of the salt has the consequence of causing difficulty in forcing the flow through the salt, a too large porosity will result in an ammonia storage capacity of the cartridge that is too low.
- the ammonia storage cartridge according to the invention is such that the liquid ammonia inlet opening and the ammonia outlet opening are located at different positions on the cartridge, preferably on the opposite side. 'one from the other in relation to the cartridge.
- Such an arrangement advantageously makes it possible to create a driving force for the ammonia within the cartridge by imposing a pressure differential across the cartridge between the inlet opening and the outlet opening.
- the ammonia storage cartridge according to the invention is such that the inlet opening and the outlet opening are provided with a valve of the non-return valve type or of the piloted valve type.
- an inlet opening and an outlet opening provided with a valve make it possible to isolate the cartridge from the external environment.
- the non-return valve at the inlet must be able to open at an inlet pressure greater than the pressure of outlet of the non-return valve at the outlet.
- the ammonia storage cartridge according to the invention is such that the salt is contained in a matrix. Preferably, said matrix is porous.
- the salt contained in the matrix has a porosity of between 0.05 and 0.3 (5% and 30%) when it is completely saturated with ammonia. In other words, the porosity of the matrix is between 0.05 and 0.3 when the latter consists of the saturated salt only.
- the matrix comprises a thermally conductive porous material, preferably compressible.
- said matrix comprising a thermally conductive porous material makes it possible to obtain faster temperature homogenization within the matrix and thus easier absorption and desorption of ammonia.
- the matrix can also comprise a stack of pellets containing the salt and a thermally conductive porous material separated by spacers.
- the matrix can also include ammonia diffusion channels within the cartridge. These diffusion channels make it possible to increase the time and distance the ammonia travels through the salt matrix and therefore improve the absorption and / or desorption of ammonia on the salt.
- the ammonia storage cartridge according to the invention is such that the salt is trapped, or even fixed, in the cartridge.
- the third object of the invention is an ammonia-to-energy conversion system comprising an ammonia storage cartridge according to the invention.
- the system for converting ammonia into energy can be based on combustion, as in a heat engine, for example, or on chemical conversion into electrical energy, as in a fuel cell, for example.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view showing an implementation of the charging or recharging method according to the invention.
- Figure 2 is a top view of a horizontal section of a first embodiment of a cartridge according to the invention.
- Figure 3 is a front view of a cross section of the cartridge shown in Figure 2.
- Figure 4 is a top view of a horizontal section of a second embodiment of a cartridge according to the invention
- FIG. 5 is a front view of a cross section of the cartridge shown in Figure 4.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a cartridge according to the invention when it is charged or recharged with ammonia by implementing a variant of the method for charging or recharging with ammonia according to the invention. detailed description
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic view showing an embodiment of the method of charging or recharging with ammonia an ammonia storage cartridge comprising a salt capable of absorbing the ammonia and of releasing it by heating.
- the charging or recharging process comprises a step of injecting ammonia in whole or in part in liquid form within the cartridge through an inlet opening (1).
- the ammonia is injected into the cartridge either in the form of a two-phase liquid-gas mixture or in liquid form.
- the injected ammonia is in liquid form.
- the step of injecting liquid ammonia into the cartridge is followed by a step of forced circulation of the ammonia within the salt contained in the cartridge (2). This forced circulation step (2) is improved by the permeability of the salt.
- the salt is both porous, meaning that it is capable of absorbing ammonia, and permeable, meaning that ammonia can flow between the particles of the salt.
- the permeability of the salt allows local cooling of the salt during the exothermic absorption of NH 3 by the salt by the heat capacity of the liquid ammonia possibly cooled and / or by the enthalpy of evaporation of the liquid ammonia and / or by the heat capacity of gaseous ammonia.
- the cooling of the salt and therefore of the cartridge is also favored by the flow of ammonia passing through the cartridge and the salt, the higher the flow of ammonia, the greater the cooling will be.
- the principle is to overdose the quantity of ammonia injected in relation to the quantity of ammonia which is likely to be absorbed by the salt and to evacuate the ammonia not absorbed outside the cartridge in order to obtain a cooling of the cartridge.
- the method also comprises a step of leaving the unabsorbed liquid and / or gaseous ammonia from the cartridge through an outlet opening (3), said outlet opening being different from said inlet opening.
- the inlet opening and the outlet opening are positioned in the cartridge in such a way that during the process of charging or recharging with ammonia, the ammonia passes through the salt not necessarily by a direct path between the inlet opening and the outlet opening, preferably in a homogeneous manner, in order to cool all the salt during the exothermic absorption of ammonia by the salt.
- the method according to the invention advantageously comprises a step of evaporating liquid ammonia into gaseous ammonia within the cartridge not shown in FIG. 1. This step takes place during the injection step and / or after the injection. step of injecting ammonia in whole or in part in liquid form within the cartridge through the inlet opening. This step of evaporating liquid ammonia into gaseous ammonia within the cartridge is endothermic and allows greater dissipation of the heat generated by the absorption of ammonia by the salt which is exothermic.
- a step of cooling the liquid ammonia, not shown in Figure 1, before injection into the cartridge can also precede the step of injecting ammonia into the cartridge.
- This cooling step absorbs more heat released by the absorption of ammonia by the salt by heating the injected ammonia.
- the method according to the invention can also include a step of detecting the state of the ammonia at the outlet of the cartridge, not shown in FIG. 1. This step allows easy determination of the level of charging or recharging of the cartridge. In fact, depending on the conditions for injecting liquid ammonia into the cartridge, it can be concluded that the charging or recharging of the cartridge is complete when:
- the method according to the invention can also include a step of removing the liquid ammonia present in the cartridge at the end of charging or recharging, not shown in FIG. 1.
- This step of removing can comprise a step of evaporating the liquid.
- liquid ammonia carried out by heating and / or by reducing the internal pressure prevailing in the cartridge or else a step comprising the introduction of an inert gas into the cartridge.
- FIG. 2 is a top view in horizontal section of a first embodiment of an ammonia storage cartridge (4) according to the invention, said cartridge being cylindrical in shape.
- This ammonia storage cartridge comprises a matrix (5) comprising a salt capable of absorbing ammonia and releasing it by heating (6), the heating means for releasing the salt (6) by heating are not shown in Figure 2. These heating means can be internal or external.
- the ammonia storage cartridge (4) includes ammonia diffusion channels (7) within the cartridge (4).
- the matrix (5) of salt (6) has a radius smaller than the internal radius of the cartridge and is therefore circumscribed in the cartridge (4).
- Figure 3 is a front view of a cross section of the cartridge shown in Figure 2.
- ammonia diffusion channels (7) allow diffusion of the ammonia in the matrix (5) comprising the salt (6) which is forced as shown by the arrows indicating the direction of flow of ammonia.
- the storage cartridge has an inlet opening (8) through which liquid ammonia is injected into the cartridge (4) and an outlet opening (9) through which ammonia is discharged from the cartridge (4).
- the liquid ammonia inlet opening (8) and the outlet opening (9) are positioned such that the majority of the ammonia flow passes through the salt to go from the inlet to the outlet.
- the matrix (5) comprising the salt (6) comprises means (10) allowing forced circulation of the ammonia within the salt.
- These means may be in the form of means for deflecting the flow of ammonia, such as a wall allowing radial diffusion of the ammonia within the salt (6).
- the quantity of salt contained in the cartridge is such that it allows its volume to increase when the salt becomes saturated with NH 3 . If Vc corresponds to the crystal volume after total NH 3 saturation of the amount of salt contained in the cartridge and V corresponds to the volume of the cartridge available for the salt saturated with ammonia, V must be greater than Vc. If the porosity of the salt is defined as (V-Vc) / V, there is preferably a porosity of the salt of between 0.05 and 0.3 (5% and 30%) when the latter is saturated with ammonia.
- FIG. 4 is a top view in horizontal section of a second embodiment of an ammonia storage cartridge (4), the cartridge according to the invention having a parallelepipedal shape.
- FIG. 4 is a front view of a cross section of the cartridge shown in Figure 4.
- the storage cartridge includes an inlet opening (8) through which liquid ammonia is injected into the cartridge (4) and an outlet opening (9) through which the ammonia is discharged from the cartridge (4).
- the liquid ammonia inlet opening (8) and the outlet opening (9) are positioned such that all of the ammonia flow passes through the salt (6) to go from the inlet to the outlet as shown by the arrows indicating the direction of flow of ammonia within the matrix (5) of salt (6).
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a cartridge according to the invention when it is charged or recharged with ammonia by implementing a variant of the process for charging or recharging with ammonia according to the invention.
- the cartridge (4) according to the invention is subjected to a step of injecting ammonia in whole or in part in liquid form (1) within the cartridge (4) through an opening d 'entry (8). This step is followed by a step of forced circulation of ammonia (2) within the salt (6) contained in the matrix (5).
- a step of detecting the state of the ammonia at the outlet of the cartridge, not shown in FIG. 6, is implemented. This is carried out using a temperature sensor (13) at the outlet of the cartridge (4. ). The inlet ammonia pressure is then reduced so as to close the non-return valve of the inlet opening. The decrease in pressure within the cartridge will cause the outlet opening check valve to close.
- Liquid ammonia is for example injected from a tank (15) containing liquid ammonia at 20 ° C. under an atmosphere of 8.5 bars. Before its injection into the cartridge, the liquid ammonia can be cooled so as to decrease its temperature. This step of cooling the liquid ammonia before injection into the cartridge is carried out using a cooler (14).
- Regulation of the flow of ammonia and / or of pressure in the outlet pipe is carried out downstream of the non-return valve (12) by a regulator (16).
- Liquefaction of the ammonia at the outlet of the cartridge (4) can be carried out by a liquefaction device (17). Ammonia liquefied is then injected into the liquid ammonia tank (15) using a line (18).
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2002004A FR3107702B1 (fr) | 2020-02-28 | 2020-02-28 | Procédé de charge ou recharge en ammoniac de cartouche de stockage d’ammoniac et cartouche de stockage d’ammoniac pour un système de conversion d’ammoniac en énergie |
| PCT/EP2021/054878 WO2021170823A1 (fr) | 2020-02-28 | 2021-02-26 | Procédé de charge ou recharge en ammoniac de cartouche de stockage d'ammoniac et cartouche de stockage d'ammoniac pour un système de conversion d'ammoniac en énergie |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4110730A1 true EP4110730A1 (fr) | 2023-01-04 |
Family
ID=70295487
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21707699.1A Withdrawn EP4110730A1 (fr) | 2020-02-28 | 2021-02-26 | Procédé de charge ou recharge en ammoniac de cartouche de stockage d'ammoniac et cartouche de stockage d'ammoniac pour un système de conversion d'ammoniac en énergie |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4110730A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2023514823A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20220148803A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN114981213A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3107702B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2021170823A1 (fr) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3114692B1 (fr) * | 2020-09-30 | 2022-08-26 | Plastic Omnium Advanced Innovation & Res | Procédé de gestion thermique d’un système à pile à combustible de véhicule |
| CN118846805B (zh) * | 2024-09-26 | 2024-12-10 | 山东朗乾环境工程有限公司 | 用于焚烧废气处理的脱硫脱硝一体化处理设备 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101076495B (zh) * | 2004-08-03 | 2010-06-16 | 氨合物公司 | 存储和输送氨的固体材料 |
| JP5305661B2 (ja) * | 2005-02-03 | 2013-10-02 | アムミネクス・エミッションズ・テクノロジー・アー/エス | アンモニアの高密度貯蔵 |
| CN101128394B (zh) * | 2005-02-03 | 2012-07-18 | 氨合物公司 | 氨的高密度存储 |
| JP2012524011A (ja) * | 2009-04-15 | 2012-10-11 | アミネックス・アーエス | 飽和アンモニア貯蔵材料の製造 |
| WO2011133752A1 (fr) * | 2010-04-21 | 2011-10-27 | International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc | Dispositif et procédé de recharge pour cartouche de nh3 |
| FR2966817B1 (fr) | 2010-10-28 | 2013-04-12 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede de recharge en ammoniac d'une cartouche comportant un sel susceptible d'absorber de l'ammoniac gazeux |
| WO2012170769A1 (fr) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-12-13 | International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc | Procédé de remplissage d'une cartouche d'ammoniac |
| EP2784282B1 (fr) * | 2013-03-29 | 2017-11-01 | Inergy Automotive Systems Research (Société Anonyme) | Réservoir pour épuration catalytique sélective des gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne d'un véhicule |
| FR3006681B1 (fr) | 2013-06-11 | 2015-07-17 | Faurecia Sys Echappement | Cartouche de stockage d'ammoniac a duree de remplissage optimisee, notamment pour un systeme d'echappement de gaz d'un vehicule automobile |
| EP2846011A1 (fr) * | 2013-09-04 | 2015-03-11 | Inergy Automotive Systems Research (Société Anonyme) | Procédé et système pour purifier les gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion |
-
2020
- 2020-02-28 FR FR2002004A patent/FR3107702B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2021
- 2021-02-26 CN CN202180009604.0A patent/CN114981213A/zh active Pending
- 2021-02-26 EP EP21707699.1A patent/EP4110730A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2021-02-26 KR KR1020227025510A patent/KR20220148803A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2021-02-26 JP JP2022548764A patent/JP2023514823A/ja active Pending
- 2021-02-26 WO PCT/EP2021/054878 patent/WO2021170823A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20220148803A (ko) | 2022-11-07 |
| JP2023514823A (ja) | 2023-04-11 |
| FR3107702A1 (fr) | 2021-09-03 |
| CN114981213A (zh) | 2022-08-30 |
| FR3107702B1 (fr) | 2022-05-13 |
| WO2021170823A1 (fr) | 2021-09-02 |
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