EP4105419A1 - Improved device for provisionally closing an openable body section on a bearing member - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the present invention is a device (1) for temporarily closing an opening element on a support element, comprising a base (25) and an upper abutment body (3) comprising abutment means (31, 32) for blocking the opening element comprising a first fixed lateral front abutment element (31) and a flexible upper rear abutment tab (320) which is capable of cooperating with a portion of the opening element to retain it in a position closure, and which is capable of deforming elastically to release the opening element and allow it to pass towards a so-called open position, characterized in that the abutment tab (320) is mounted to move between a retracted low initial position and a retracted position functional high active in which it is able to cooperate with the opening.

Description

Technical field of the invention

The present invention relates to a device for temporarily closing an opening element on a support element.

The invention relates more particularly to a device for temporarily closing a door or a mobile element of a motor vehicle, for example a tailgate or a bonnet, on a fixed structural element such as the body or the vehicle body.

Technical background

In known manner, in the automotive field, the four main stages of manufacturing a vehicle consist of stamping, assembly of sheet metal, application of paint and final assembly.

During the application of the paint, tools, intended to maintain the openings in position during the passage in painting, are installed on the chassis of the vehicle, then are dismantled after the passage in painting. Among these tools, the vehicle's door locks are fitted to the frame to hold the doors in position and prevent them from opening during paint application. These devices can be mounted during the sheet metal assembly stage or at the beginning of the paint application stage.

Known temporary closing devices comprise a fixing plate intended to be fixed on a support element and a body attached to the fixing plate and forming an abutment capable of serving as a support for the opening element.

In the example of a vehicle door, the supporting structural element is the structural door frame and the opening element is the vehicle door. In this case, the temporary closure device is preferably arranged at the level at which the strike plate of the door lock will be located which will be installed later during assembly in the assembly workshop.

According to a first design, in order to be able to be fixed on the structural support element, the fixing plate can be provided with holes which are aligned with fixing holes of the strike plate of the lock. In this way, the fixing plate can be screwed to the door frame of the vehicle by means of screws inserted into the bores of said plate.

Consequently, the assembly and disassembly of such a temporary closure device require a screwing step, which requires labor time and entails a duration as well as a significant assembly cost for each vehicle.

According to another design, which is for example illustrated in the document FR2986257A1 , the closure device comprises mounting and fixing means without screws, by interlocking and locking parts and components belonging to the base or fixing plate of the closure device in bores or cutouts of the structural support element.

Another design of this type of mounting and fastening means without screws is described and represented in the European patent application EP3835523A1 on behalf of the applicant who proposes a device for temporarily closing an element opening onto a support element.

• une paroi 5 ; et
• un premier alésage 41 et un deuxième alésage 42, réalisés sous forme de découpes, traversant cette paroi, le deuxième alésage présentant un premier bord et un deuxième bord faisant face au premier bord.

The support element includes:

• a wall 5; and
• a first bore 41 and a second bore 42, made in the form of cutouts, passing through this wall, the second bore having a first edge and a second edge facing the first edge.

• un corps de butée 3 comprenant des moyens de blocage de l'élément ouvrant 5 ; et
• une platine 25 de fixation du corps de butée sur la paroi comprenant :
  • - - une base destinée à être en appui sur une face extérieure de la paroi ;
  • - - un premier organe d'accrochage 21 destiné à être engagé dans le premier alésage de l'élément de support; et
  • - - un deuxième organe d'accrochage 22 destiné à être inséré dans le deuxième alésage de l'élément de support, ce deuxième organe d'accrochage étant aligné avec le premier organe d'accrochage selon un axe longitudinal du dispositif 1.

The closure device includes:

• a stop body 3 comprising means for blocking the opening element 5; and
• a plate 25 for fixing the stop body to the wall comprising:
  • - - A base intended to be supported on an outer face of the wall;
  • - - a first attachment member 21 intended to be engaged in the first bore of the support element; and
  • - - a second attachment member 22 intended to be inserted into the second bore of the support element, this second attachment member being aligned with the first attachment member along a longitudinal axis of the device 1.

The temporary closure device 1 comprises a lock 24.

The closure device proposed allows assembly as well as simple and rapid disassembly thanks to such a movable lock 24.

• une languette arrière supérieure flexible de butée 320 qui est apte à coopérer avec une seconde portion 51 de l'élément ouvrant 5 pour le retenir dans sa position de fermeture, et qui est apte à se déformer élastiquement pour libérer l'élément ouvrant et permettre son passage vers une position dite ouverte.

According to this design proposed in this document EP3835523A1 - which is illustrated in the appended figures A to E - the upper abutment body 3 comprises abutment means for blocking the opening element 5 comprising:
a first fixed lateral front abutment element 31 which is capable of cooperating with a first portion 510 of the opening element 5 when the opening element is in a so-called closed position; and

• a flexible upper rear abutment tab 320 which is able to cooperate with a second portion 51 of the opening element 5 to retain it in its closed position, and which is able to deform elastically to release the opening element and allow its transition to a so-called open position.

In its state after the attachment of the device 1, the flexible abutment tongue 320 extends projecting generally vertically above the abutment block 3.

During a first stage of the closing of the opening element 5 on the structural support element 4, the opening element 5 approaches the support element 4 following the direction of opening and closing " F”.

Thus, the opening element 5-51 gradually approaches the flexible abutment tongue 320 until it comes into contact with the latter.

The contact between the opening element and the flexible abutment tab 320 marks the start of the second stage of closing. The contact is made at the level of an edge of an opening 51 for the passage of the lock with a beak of the flexible stop tab 320.

Contact between the opening element and the flexible abutment tab marks the start of the second stage of closing.

The flexible abutment tab 320 is here associated with a plate 326 according to a "V" arrangement. In its initial position, the flexible abutment tab 320 is inclined with respect to the vertical axis while the plate 326 extends substantially along a longitudinal and horizontal axis.

The flexible abutment lug 320 with its associated plate 326 is rotatably mounted relative to the abutment body and its pivoting relative to the abutment body is ensured by an elastic hinge 322 with a horizontal axis return spring effect.

Thus, the axis of the hinge 322 constitutes the pivot axis of the flexible abutment tongue 320.

Thanks to this elastic hinge, the flexible abutment tongue can be erased by pivoting so that the flexible abutment tongue 320 moves downwards to let the opening element pass. Thus, the flexible abutment lug is in a biased position following contact with the opening element.

The flexible abutment tongue 320 presents a low resistance to the opening element.

Once the opening element exceeds the flexible abutment tongue, it returns to its initial state and position thanks to the action of its elastic hinge 322, which prevents the return of the opening element, and therefore its untimely opening. .

In a fully closed position in which an edge 510 of the sash 5 is in contact with the first fixed lateral front abutment element 31, there is an operating clearance between the flexible abutment tab 320 and the sash element. The stiffness of the flexible abutment tongue 320 makes it possible to retain the opening element.

When opening the sash, it is moved in a direction opposite to the direction of closing until it is again in contact with the flexible abutment tongue 320, at the level of another face, oriented towards the rear, of its two opposite lateral faces.

Given that the flexible abutment tongue 320 can deform elastically, it suffices to apply a relatively small adapted force, the value of which is for example between 30N and 60N, to cause the flexible abutment tongue 320 to bend, by elastic deformation , which swings forward to release the opening element.

According to such a design of the flexible abutment lug, as soon as the device is mounted, it is permanently in an active functional position, and in particular from the first closure of the opening element, for example with a view to carrying out painting operations.

However, such an operation is not always desirable, and in particular to avoid so-called "grain" phenomena between the flexible abutment tab 320 and one or more painted zone(s).

On the other hand, it may prove necessary to be able to then retain the opening element with respect to the structural support element, and in particular between the painting operations and the assembly operations; in particular because the transfer actions, particularly when they are robotized, between the workshops and/or stations at which these successive painting and assembly operations are carried out, require reliable restraint and resistance to the significant forces likely to be applied to the retaining tab.

The document FR-3058122-A1 illustrates a design according to the preamble of claim 1.

Summary of the invention

The invention aims to remedy all or part of the drawbacks of the state of the art by proposing an improved device for the temporary closure of an opening element on a support element.

• une platine inférieure de fixation comprenant une base d'orientation horizontale destinée à être en appui sur une face extérieure de la paroi ;
• et un corps supérieur de butée comprenant des moyens de butée pour le blocage de l'élément ouvrant comportant :
  -- un premier élément avant latéral fixe de butée qui est apte à coopérer avec une première portion de l'élément ouvrant lorsque l'élément ouvrant est dans une position dite de fermeture; et
• une languette arrière supérieure flexible de butée qui est apte à coopérer avec une seconde portion de l'élément ouvrant pour le retenir dans sa position de fermeture, et qui est apte à se déformer élastiquement pour libérer l'élément ouvrant et permettre son passage vers une position dite ouverte,

dans lequel la languette de butée est montée mobile sur le corps de butée entre :

• une position escamotée dans laquelle elle n'est pas apte à coopérer avec ladite seconde portion de l'ouvrant ;
• et une position fonctionnelle active dans laquelle elle est apte à coopérer avec ladite seconde portion de l'ouvrant,

caractérisé en ce que le corps supérieur de butée comporte un élément supérieur fixe d'appui avec lequel la languette de butée coopère lorsqu'elle est dans sa position fonctionnelle active et lorsqu'elle est sollicitée par ladite seconde portion de l'élément ouvrant dans un sens correspondant à la fermeture de l'élément ouvrant.The invention proposes a device for temporarily closing an opening element on a support element comprising a wall,
said device comprising:

• a lower fixing plate comprising a base of horizontal orientation intended to be supported on an outer face of the wall;
• and an upper abutment body comprising abutment means for blocking the opening element comprising:
  -- a first fixed lateral front abutment element which is capable of cooperating with a first portion of the opening element when the opening element is in a so-called closed position; and
• a flexible upper rear abutment tab which is able to cooperate with a second portion of the opening element to retain it in its closed position, and which is able to deform elastically to release the opening element and allow it to pass towards a so-called open position,

wherein the abutment tab is movably mounted on the abutment body between:

• a retracted position in which it is not able to cooperate with said second portion of the opening;
• and an active functional position in which it is able to cooperate with said second portion of the leaf,

characterized in that the upper abutment body comprises a fixed upper support element with which the abutment tongue cooperates when it is in its position functional active and when it is urged by said second portion of the opening element in a direction corresponding to the closing of the opening element.

• le corps supérieur de butée comporte :
  • -- un premier élément supérieur fixe d'appui avec lequel la languette de butée coopère lorsqu'elle est dans sa position fonctionnelle active et lorsqu'elle est sollicitée par ladite seconde portion de l'élément ouvrant dans un sens correspondant à l'ouverture de l'élément ouvrant ;
  • -- et un deuxième élément supérieur fixe d'appui avec lequel la languette de butée coopère lorsqu'elle est dans sa position fonctionnelle active et lorsqu'elle est sollicitée par ladite seconde portion de l'élément ouvrant dans un sens correspondant à la fermeture de l'élément ouvrant ;
• le dispositif comporte des moyens de verrouillage de la languette de butée dans sa position fonctionnelle active qui s'engagent automatiquement lors du passage de la languette de butée de sa position escamotée à sa position fonctionnelle active ;
• la languette de butée est montée articulée sur le corps de butée, autour d'un axe horizontal, entre une position angulaire escamotée et une position angulaire fonctionnelle active ;
• le premier élément supérieur fixe d'appui est une branche supérieure avant d'appui délimitée par une première face latérale arrière d'appui qui s'étend vers le haut ;
• languette de butée comporte un tronçon distal d'extrémité supérieure qui, dans la position fonctionnelle active de la languette de butée, s'étend en saille au-delà de l'extrémité supérieure de ladite branche supérieure d'appui ;
• le deuxième élément supérieur fixe d'appui est une branche arrière d'appui qui s'étend vers le haut et qui est délimitée par une deuxième face supérieure d'appui orientée vers le haut ;
• le deuxième élément supérieur fixe est une branche d'appui qui s'étend vers le haut à partir du corps supérieur de butée, et ladite deuxième face supérieure d'appui orientée vers le haut est agencée à une extrémité supérieure libre de cette branche ;
• la languette de butée comporte :
  • -- un tronçon proximal d'extrémité inférieure qui est monté articulé sur le corps supérieur de butée ;
  • -- et un plateau rigide d'appui qui s'étend longitudinalement vers l'arrière à partir de ce tronçon proximal d'extrémité inférieure de la languette de butée et qui, lorsque la languette de butée est dans sa position fonctionnelle active, coopère avec ladite deuxième face supérieure d'appui ;
• le dispositif comporte des moyens de verrouillage de la languette de butée dans sa position escamotée qui s'engagent automatiquement lors du passage de la languette de butée de sa position fonctionnelle active à sa position escamotée. ;
• le corps supérieur de butée et la languette de butée sont réalisés en une seule pièce par moulage, notamment en matière plastique ;
• le plateau comporte une jambe supérieure de verrouillage et d'appui qui s'étend verticalement vers le haut et qui, à son extrémité supérieure, comporte un doigt de verrouillage et d'appui dont une face inférieure est conformée en une facette inférieure d'appui orientée vers le bas et dont une face supérieure est conformée en une rampe inclinée et, dans la position fonctionnelle de la languette de butée ladite facette inférieure d'appui coopère avec ladite deuxième face supérieure d'appui ;
• le plateau comporte une jambe supérieure de verrouillage et d'appui, apte à fléchir élastiquement, qui s'étend verticalement vers le haut et qui, à son extrémité supérieure, comporte un doigt de verrouillage et d'appui dont une face inférieure est conformée en une facette inférieure d'appui orientée vers le bas et dont une face supérieure est conformée en une rampe inclinée et, dans la position fonctionnelle de la languette de butée, ladite facette inférieure d'appui coopère avec ladite deuxième face supérieure d'appui ;
• ladite facette inférieure d'appui et ladite deuxième face supérieure d'appui présentent une inclinaison commune et complémentaire, et ladite jambe supérieure de verrouillage est apte à fléchir élastiquement ;
• le dispositif comporte des moyens de commande du déverrouillage de la languette de butée dans sa position angulaire fonctionnelle active ;
• le dispositif comporte un bras de commande du déverrouillage qui est solidaire de la jambe supérieure de verrouillage, et avec lequel la languette de butée coopère lorsqu'elle se déplace depuis sa position fonctionnelle active vers sa position escamotée ;
• le bras de commande du déverrouillage prolonge vers l'avant le doigt de verrouillage, et la languette de butée comporte un actionneur apte à coopérer avec le bras de commande du déverrouillage qui s'étend vers l'arrière depuis une face arrière 319 de la languette de butée. L'invention propose aussi un procédé de montage sur un élément de support, et de mise en œuvre, d'un dispositif de fermeture provisoire selon l'invention, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend les étapes suivantes consistant à :
• dans la position ouverte de l'élément d'ouvrant par rapport à l'élément de support, fixer le dispositif sur une face extérieure d'une paroi du support ;
• fermer l'élément d'ouvrant par rapport à l'élément de support en amenant le premier élément avant latéral fixe de butée à coopérer avec une première portion de l'élément ouvrant ;
• déplacer la languette de butée à partir de sa position escamotée vers sa position fonctionnelle active dans laquelle elle est apte à coopérer avec une seconde portion de l'élément ouvrant pour le retenir dans sa position de fermeture.

According to other characteristics of the invention:

• the upper thrust bearing body comprises:
  • -- a first fixed upper support element with which the abutment tongue cooperates when it is in its active functional position and when it is urged by said second portion of the opening element in a direction corresponding to the opening of the opening element;
  • -- and a second fixed upper support element with which the abutment tongue cooperates when it is in its active functional position and when it is urged by said second portion of the opening element in a direction corresponding to the closing of the opening element;
• the device comprises means for locking the abutment tongue in its active functional position which engage automatically when the abutment tongue passes from its retracted position to its active functional position;
• the abutment tab is mounted articulated on the abutment body, around a horizontal axis, between a retracted angular position and an active functional angular position;
• the first fixed upper support element is a front upper support branch delimited by a first rear lateral support face which extends upwards;
• abutment tongue comprises a distal upper end section which, in the active functional position of the abutment tongue, projects beyond the upper end of said upper support branch;
• the second fixed upper support element is a rear support branch which extends upwards and which is delimited by a second upper support face oriented upwards;
• the second fixed upper element is a support branch which extends upwards from the upper abutment body, and said second upper support surface oriented upwards is arranged at a free upper end of this branch;
• the stop tab comprises:
  • -- a lower end proximal section which is hingedly mounted on the upper abutment body;
  • -- and a rigid support plate which extends longitudinally towards the rear from this lower end proximal section of the abutment tongue and which, when the abutment tongue is in its active functional position, cooperates with said second upper bearing face;
• the device comprises means for locking the abutment tongue in its retracted position which engage automatically when the abutment tongue passes from its active functional position to its retracted position. ;
• the upper abutment body and the abutment tab are made in one piece by molding, in particular of plastic;
• the plate comprises an upper locking and support leg which extends vertically upwards and which, at its upper end, comprises a locking and support pin whose lower face is shaped as a lower support facet oriented downwards and of which an upper face is shaped as an inclined ramp and, in the functional position of the abutment tab, said lower bearing facet cooperates with said second upper bearing face;
• the plate comprises an upper locking and support leg, able to flex elastically, which extends vertically upwards and which, at its upper end, comprises a locking and support pin whose lower face is shaped like a lower bearing facet facing downwards and of which an upper face is shaped as an inclined ramp and, in the functional position of the abutment tab, said lower bearing facet cooperates with said second upper bearing face;
• said lower bearing facet and said second upper bearing face have a common and complementary inclination, and said upper locking leg is able to flex elastically;
• the device comprises means for controlling the unlocking of the abutment tab in its active functional angular position;
• the device comprises an unlocking control arm which is integral with the upper locking leg, and with which the stop tab cooperates when it moves from its active functional position to its retracted position;
• the unlocking control arm extends the locking finger forwards, and the abutment tongue comprises an actuator capable of cooperating with the unlocking control arm which extends rearwardly from a rear face 319 of the tongue stop. The invention also proposes a method for mounting on a support element, and for implementing, a temporary closure device according to the invention, characterized in that it comprises the following steps consisting of:
• in the open position of the opening element relative to the support element, fixing the device on an outer face of a wall of the support;
• closing the opening element relative to the support element by causing the first fixed lateral front abutment element to cooperate with a first portion of the opening element;
• move the stop tab from its retracted position to its active functional position in which it is able to cooperate with a second portion of the opening element to retain it in its closed position.

Brief descriptions of figures

• [Fig.1] - la figure 1 est une vue en perspective et une vue de côté d'un dispositif de fermeture provisoire d'un élément ouvrant sur un élément de support, réalisé selon l'état de la technique ;
• [Fig.2] - la figure 2 est une autre vue en perspective du dispositif de fermeture de la figure 1 montrant une platine de fixation faisant partie dudit dispositif ; ladite platine de fixation comprenant un verrou en position verrouillée ;
• [Fig.3] - la figure 3 est une vue en perspective avant du dispositif de la figure 2 ;
• [Fig.4] - la figure 4 est vue en perspective du dispositif de fermeture de la figure 1 et de l'élément ouvrant lors d'une étape de la fermeture de l'élément ouvrant sur l'élément ;
• [Fig.5] - la figure 5 est une vue schématique en perspective de l'élément ouvrant en position de fermeture et du dispositif de fermeture provisoire de la figure 1 ;
• [Fig.6] - la figure 6 est une vue en perspective de trois-quarts avant d'un premier exemple de réalisation d'un dispositif de fermeture provisoire d'un élément ouvrant sur un élément de support, et sur laquelle la languette arrière supérieure flexible de butée est dans sa position initiale escamotée ;
• [Fig.7] - la figure 7 est une vue de côté du dispositif représenté à la figure 6 ;
• [Fig.8] - la figure 8 est vue arrière du dispositif représenté à la figure 6 ;
• [Fig.9] - la figure 9 est une vue analogue à celle de la figure 6 sur laquelle la languette arrière supérieure flexible de butée est dans sa position fonctionnelle active dans laquelle elle est apte à coopérer avec ladite seconde portion de l'ouvrant ;
• [Fig.10] - la figure 10 est une vue de côté du dispositif représenté à la figure 9 ;
• [Fig.11] - la figure 11 est une vue arrière du dispositif représenté à la figure 9 ;
• [Fig.12.] - la figure 12 est une vue en perspective de dessus de l'élément supérieur de butée en forme de « V » constitué de la languette flexible de butée et du plateau rigide ;
• [Fig.13] - la figure 13 est une vue en perspective de dessous de l'élément mobile de butée de la figure 12 ;
• [Fig.14] - la figure 14 est une vue à grande échelle d'un détail de conception de la partie supérieure du bloc de butée ;
• [Fig.15.] - la figure 15 est une représentation schématique illustrant un cycle d'ouverture et de fermeture de l'élément ouvrant et sa coopération avec la languette flexible de butée ;
• [Fig.16] - la figure 16 est une vue en perspective de trois-quarts arrière d'un deuxième exemple de réalisation d'un dispositif de fermeture provisoire d'un élément ouvrant sur un élément de support, et sur laquelle la languette arrière supérieure flexible de butée est dans sa position escamotée ;
• [Fig.17] - la figure 17 est une vue de détail en coupe par un plan vertical et longitudinal médian de la partie supérieure arrière du dispositif de la figure 16 ;
• [Fig.18] - la figure 18 est une vue analogue à celle de la figure 17, sur laquelle la languette arrière supérieure flexible de butée est dans sa position fonctionnelle active ;
• [Fig.19] - la figure 19 est une vue en perspective de dessous de l'élément supérieur de butée du dispositif représenté à la figure 16 ;
• [Fig.20] - la figure 20 est une vue de côté d'une variante de réalisation du dispositif représenté à la figure 16 ;
• [Fig.21] - la figure 21 est une vue en perspective de trois-quarts arrière d'un troisième exemple de réalisation d'un dispositif de fermeture provisoire d'un élément ouvrant sur un élément de support, et sur laquelle la languette arrière supérieure flexible de butée est dans sa position escamotée ;
• [Fig.22] - la figure 22 est une vue de détail en coupe par un plan vertical et longitudinal médian de la partie supérieure arrière du dispositif de la figure 21 ;
• [Fig.23] - la figure 23 est une vue analogue à celle de la figure 22, sur laquelle la languette arrière supérieure flexible de butée est dans sa position fonctionnelle active ;
• [Fig.24] - la figure 24 est une vue en perspective de dessous de l'élément supérieur de butée du dispositif représenté à la figure 21 ;

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear during the reading of the detailed description which will follow for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended drawings in which:

• [ Fig.1 ] - the figure 1 is a perspective view and a side view of a device for temporarily closing an opening element on a support element, produced according to the state of the art;
• [ Fig.2 ] - the figure 2 is another perspective view of the closure device of the figure 1 showing a fixing plate forming part of said device; said fixing plate comprising a lock in the locked position;
• [ Fig.3 ] - the picture 3 is a front perspective view of the device of the picture 2 ;
• [ Fig.4 ] - the figure 4 is a perspective view of the closing device of the figure 1 and of the opening element during a step of closing the opening element on the element;
• [ Fig.5 ] - the figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of the opening element in the closed position and of the device for temporarily closing the figure 1 ;
• [ Fig.6 ] - the figure 6 is a front three-quarter perspective view of a first embodiment of a device for temporarily closing an opening element on a support element, and on which the flexible upper rear abutment tongue is in its initial position retracted;
• [ Fig.7 ] - the figure 7 is a side view of the device shown in figure 6 ;
• [ Fig.8 ] - the figure 8 is a rear view of the device shown in figure 6 ;
• [ Fig.9 ] - the figure 9 is a view analogous to that of figure 6 on which the flexible upper rear abutment tongue is in its active functional position in which it is capable of cooperating with said second portion of the leaf;
• [ Fig.10 ] - the figure 10 is a side view of the device shown in figure 9 ;
• [ Fig.11 ] - the figure 11 is a rear view of the device shown in figure 9 ;
• [ Fig.12 .] - the figure 12 is a perspective view from above of the upper “V”-shaped abutment element consisting of the flexible abutment tongue and the rigid plate;
• [ Fig.13 ] - the figure 13 is a perspective view from below of the mobile abutment element of the figure 12 ;
• [ Fig.14 ] - the figure 14 is an enlarged view of a design detail of the top of the thrust block;
• [ Fig.15 .] - the figure 15 is a schematic representation illustrating an opening and closing cycle of the opening element and its cooperation with the flexible abutment tab;
• [ Fig.16 ] - the figure 16 is a rear three-quarter perspective view of a second exemplary embodiment of a device for temporarily closing an opening element on a support element, and on which the upper rear flexible abutment tab is in its retracted position ;
• [ Fig.17 ] - the figure 17 is a detail view in section through a median vertical and longitudinal plane of the upper rear part of the device of the figure 16 ;
• [ Fig.18 ] - the figure 18 is a view analogous to that of figure 17 , on which the upper flexible abutment rear tongue is in its active functional position;
• [ Fig.19 ] - the figure 19 is a perspective view from below of the upper abutment element of the device shown in figure 16 ;
• [ Fig.20 ] - the figure 20 is a side view of an alternative embodiment of the device shown in figure 16 ;
• [ Fig.21 ] - the figure 21 is a rear three-quarter perspective view of a third exemplary embodiment of a device for temporarily closing an opening element on a support element, and on which the rear upper flexible abutment tab is in its retracted position ;
• [ Fig.22 ] - the figure 22 is a detail view in section through a median vertical and longitudinal plane of the upper rear part of the device of the figure 21 ;
• [ Fig.23 ] - the figure 23 is a view analogous to that of figure 22 , on which the upper flexible abutment rear tongue is in its active functional position;
• [ Fig.24 ] - the figure 24 is a perspective view from below of the upper abutment element of the device shown in figure 21 ;

For the description of the invention and the understanding of the claims, the vertical, longitudinal and transverse orientations according to the reference V, L, T indicated in the figures of which the longitudinal axes L and transverse T extend in a horizontal plane.

In the following description, identical, similar or analogous elements will be designated by the same reference numerals.

Detailed description of the example design of a device according to the state of the art - Figures 1 to 5

On the figure 1 , there is shown a temporary closing device 1 according to the state of the art of an opening element 5 on a support element 4. In this example of embodiment, the temporary closure device 1 is made of plastic material molded in one piece in one piece, while the opening element 5 is a door of a motor vehicle and the structural support element 4 is a door frame belonging to the vehicle body.

The device has a general design symmetry with respect to a median vertical and longitudinal plane.

As depicted in figures 1 to 4 , the opening element 5 comprises in particular an opening 51 for passing through the lock.

The structural support element 4 is composed of a wall 40 comprising an outer face 45 visible from the outside as shown on the picture 3 and an inner face opposite the outer face.

The support element 4 further comprises cut-out fixing bores comprising in particular a first bore 41 and a second bore 42 aligned in an opening and closing direction F of the opening element 50

These bores are used to fix part of the lock, in particular the part comprising the keeper, to the support element 4.

To facilitate the description and understanding of the claims, the vertical, longitudinal and transverse orientations according to the reference V, L, T indicated in the figures, the longitudinal L and transverse axes T extend in a horizontal plane.

The longitudinal axis L is here oriented from rear to front, from right to left of the figure 1 , and it is parallel to the direction "F" of opening and closing of the sash. Furthermore, the vertical axis V is oriented from the bottom to the top of the figure 1 .

The temporary closure device 1 comprises a fixing plate 2 and an abutment body 3. The fixing plate, or base, 2 secures the fixing of the device 1 to the support element 4 by means of a first attachment 21 and a second attachment member 22. In this example, the first attachment member 21 is intended to be engaged in the first bore 41 of the support element 4 while the second attachment member 22 is intended to be engaged in the second bore 42 of the support element.

The fixing plate 2 further comprises a base 25, of generally horizontal orientation intended to be supported on the outer face 45 of the support element 4 when the temporary closure device 1 is mounted on the support element 4 .

The fixing plate 2 also comprises a lock 24 movable with respect to the second attachment member 22 between a locked rest position and an unlocked constrained position, and it makes it possible to block any axial movement of the device 1 with respect to the element support 4.

In the example illustrated, the lock 24 comprises a gripping part 240 allowing easy gripping of the lock 24 to move this lock into the unlocked position.

The picture 3 illustrates a step of the mounting method with a view to inserting the first hooking member 21 into the first bore 41. At the end of this first step, the second step of the mounting method consists in tilting the device 1 to insert successively the first attachment member 21 then the second attachment member 22 respectively in the first bore 41 and in the second bore 42. At the end of the second step the lock 24 is in its unlocked position.

Then, once the latch 24 is in the locked position, the temporary closure device 1 is fixedly attached to the support element 4.

To disassemble the temporary closing device 1, it suffices to manually raise the lock 24.

The abutment body 3 comprises a first fixed abutment member which here is a lateral abutment nose 31 which is capable of coming into longitudinal support forwards on a bottom 510 of the opening 51 for the passage of the lock of the element opening 5 when the opening element 5 is in a closed position.

The abutment body 3 further comprises a second movable abutment member having the function of holding the opening element 5, in particular to prevent any inadvertent opening of the opening element 5.

The abutment nose 31 constitutes a positioning abutment for the opening element 5, and the flexible abutment tab 320 constitutes a retaining means for the opening element 5.

The second movable abutment element 32 is in the general shape of a "V" and it essentially consists of a flexible tongue 320.

The flexible abutment tongue is associated in a single moving part with a rigid plate 326. When the second movable element is in its initial position, the flexible abutment tongue 320 is inclined with respect to the vertical axis V, while the plate 326 extends substantially horizontally from rear to front, along the longitudinal axis L.

In the example illustrated, a front beak 321 of the flexible abutment tongue 320 is provided with an edge which comes into contact first with the opening element 5, which makes it possible to reduce the friction between the flexible abutment tab and the opening element 5 and thus avoid scratches.

The second movable element 32 with the abutment tongue 320 is mounted so as to be able to rotate with respect to the abutment body 3. The rotational movement of the is ensured by the elastic hinge with return spring effect 322 of axis K.

In order to better guide the stroke of the flexible abutment tongue 320, the plate 326 comprises a guide pin 323 engaged in a slideway or vertical guide slot 33 formed in the abutment body 3, at its rear end. The pin 323 and the slide 33 are visible for example on the picture 3 . Pawn 323 is located at a free end of board 326.

Thanks to the elastic hinge 322 and the pin 323 in the second slide 33, during contact between the opening element 5 and the flexible abutment tab 320, the latter is articulated around the axis of rotation K and its movement is guided by the second slide 33 of so that the flexible tongue 320 moves downwards and disappears to allow passage of the opening element.

To disassemble the temporary closing device 1, it suffices to manually raise the lock 24.

Detailed description of the first design example of a device according to the invention - Figures 6 to 14

In the following description, elements and components that are identical, similar or analogous to those shown and described with reference to figures 1 to 5 will be designated by the same numerical or alphanumeric references.

The design of the lower part of device 1 is identical to that of device 1 according to the state of the art.

At its rear part, still considering the orientation of the longitudinal axis L, the plate 326 of the abutment element 32 comprises two opposite transverse branches 328 constituting a gripping part to move it by pivoting it around the axis K of the hinge 322 and thus to cause the flexible abutment tongue 320 to pivot around the axis K from its initial retracted position towards its active functional position.

The gripping branches 328 are stiffened by lower ribs 329.

The plate 326 is also stiffened over its entire length by a central longitudinal rib 330 which extends along the lower face 327 as far as the guide pin 323.

At its rear end, and close to the guide pin 323, the flat lower face 327 of the plate 326 comprises, on either side of the central rib 330, two lower coplanar bearing facets 332 oriented downwards.

Beyond the rear end transverse edge 325 of the plate 326, and in front of the guide pin 323, the plate 326 comprises two transversely opposed thin links 334 which, after the molding of the device 1, ensure a function of temporary retention of the plate 326, and therefore of the abutment element 32, in its initial low retracted position, called the delivery position or state, which is illustrated in figures 6 to 8 .

These thin links 334 are designed to break when an operator acts on the gripping branches 328 to cause the plate 326 to pivot around the axis K, counterclockwise considering the figure 7 .

In the vicinity of its rear end transverse edge 325, the plate has two inclined transverse ramps 336 which are oriented rearward and upward and each of which is arranged above a lower bearing facet 332.

The rear end transverse edge 335 of the plate 326 is connected to the front part of the upper abutment body 3 by the thinned portion constituting the hinge 322 of articulation of the abutment element 32.

As regards the flexible tongue 320, it is delimited towards the rear by a generally flat rear transverse face 319, and towards the front by a generally flat front transverse face 321.

At its upper front part, the upper abutment body 3 comprises a rigid upper front branch 60 which extends generally upwards while being slightly inclined towards the rear.

This front branch 60 is a support branch for the portion facing the front transverse face 321 of the flexible abutment tongue 320 which, within the meaning of the invention, constitutes the first fixed upper support element .

To this end, as can be seen in figure 10 , the fixed rigid upper support branch 60 comprises a rear transverse face 61 which is capable of cooperating with the portion facing the front transverse face 321 belonging to the lower proximal section 317 of the flexible abutment tongue 320.

The flexible abutment tab 320 extends vertically beyond the upper end transverse edge 63 of the front leg 60.

As a result, and as can be seen in figure 10 , by its two opposite transverse faces 319 and 321, the distal upper end section 318 of the abutment tongue 320 is capable of cooperating with the second portion 51 of the opening element 5.

At its rear upper part, the upper abutment body 3 comprises a symmetrical pair of upper rear bearing branches 70 which extend generally upwards while being slightly inclined forwards.

The rear branches 70 are adjacent to the slideway or vertical guide slot 33 made in the stop body 3 and arranged at the rear of the upper part of the latter. At its free upper end, each rear support branch 70 is delimited by an upper horizontal support face 72 which is oriented upwards and each of which is capable of cooperating with a facet 332 facing the plate 326 .

The design, size, and positioning of each rear support branch are such that each branch constitutes a vertical foot capable of absorbing the forces, oriented vertically from top to bottom, which are applied to it by the associated facet 332.

Each rear support branch 70 is attached to the upper body 3 by its lower end section 74 which is thinned.

This thinned section 74 allows - by elastic deformation of this thinned zone - a temporary tilting of each rear support branch 70, around a transverse axis A1 and in the clockwise direction, considering for example the figure 7 , during the passage of the abutment element, and therefore of the flexible tongue 320 from its initial retracted position to its active functional position.

To facilitate this tilting and this erasing during the passage of the rear longitudinal end portion of the plate 326, each rear support branch comprises at its upper part a cam profile 76 which is capable of cooperating with the ramp facing - screw 336 of the plate 326.

At the end of such a tilting, by an elastic return effect, each rear support branch 70 automatically returns to its initial state as illustrated in the figures.

Thus, the device 1 according to the invention comprises means for locking the plate 326, and therefore the flexible abutment tab 320 (which is rigidly integral with it) in its active functional position. These locking means engage automatically when the abutment tongue 320 passes from its initial retracted position to its active functional position.

In the position illustrated in figures 6 to 9 , the movable abutment element 32, and therefore the flexible abutment tongue 320, is in its initial low retracted position in which it is retained by the frangible links 334.

In this position, the distal section 318 of the flexible abutment tab 320 is in the low position.

In this position or state, after mounting the device 1 in place on the fixed structural support element, it is for example possible to close the opening 5, without interference between the flexible stop tab 320 and the second portion 51 of the opening element 5.

The flexible abutment tongue 320 thus does not provide any braking or retaining function for the opening 5.

By considering the figure 7 , to then bring the flexible abutment tab 320 into its active functional position, or state, an operator must rotate it counterclockwise around the axis K of the hinge 322.

To do this, it acts on the gripping branches 328 to pull the tray upwards. During pivoting, under the effect of the tensile force exerted by the operator, the thin frangible links 334 break, then the ramps 336 cooperate with the cam profiles 76 and the pivoting stroke continues until that the plate 326 reaches its horizontal position illustrated in figure 10 in which the facets 332 are located opposite the horizontal support faces 72.

In this same position, the proximal section 317 of the flexible abutment tongue 320 rests against the rear transverse face 61 of the front support branch 60.

The pivoting movement of the plate 326 around the axis K is also guided by the pin 323 which is slidably received in the slide 33.

By considering the figure 10 , if one comes to act on the front transverse face 321 of the upper distal section 318 of the flexible abutment tab 320, the latter can bend elastically by exerting a relatively low crossing force, for example comprised between 20 and 40 newtons.

On the other hand, if one comes to act on the rear transverse face 319 of the upper distal section of the flexible abutment tongue 320, the latter bears over a large part of its height against the rear transverse face 61 of the front branch. support 60 and its bending capacity is reduced and it then exerts a higher resistance force, for example greater than 80 newtons.

Schematically represented in figure 15 an example of a cycle of cooperation of the flexible abutment tongue 320 with the portion 51 of the opening element 5.

In position "A", the flexible abutment tongue 320 is in its active functional position and the opening 5, 51 is closed.

To open the sash 5, 51, the latter is moved longitudinally relative to the fixed device 1 from left to right and position "B" is reached in which the portion 51 of the sash 5 cooperates with the rear transverse face 319 of the flexible abutment tongue 320 which is in rigid support against the front support arm 60.

It is therefore necessary to apply a significant force to the opening 5 so that the opening 5, 51 “crosses” the flexible abutment tab 320 and can then be opened.

After this opening shown at position "C", the flexible abutment tab 320 is again in its unconstrained free state.

Then, if it is desired to close the sash 5 again, the latter is moved longitudinally relative to the fixed device 1 from right to left and position "D" is reached in which the portion 51 of the sash 5 cooperates with the front transverse face 321 of the flexible abutment tongue 320.

In this direction of biasing of the flexible abutment tongue 320, the latter is not in rigid support against the front support branch 60.

It is therefore necessary to apply only a reduced force on the opening 5 so that the opening 5, 51 "crosses" the flexible stop tab 320 and can then be closed by reaching the position "A" again. .

The design according to the invention thus makes it possible to dissociate the values of the retaining forces according to the direction of intervention of the flexible retaining tab 320, for example in a ratio of one to three.

In the design which has just been described, the passage of the plate 326, and therefore the passage of the flexible tongue 320 from its initial retracted position to its active functional position is "irreversible" due to the automatic intervention of the locking means 72-332 and the high compressive rigidity in the vertical direction of the rear branches 70.

As a variant not shown, transverse gripping pins can be provided on the outer side faces 78 of the branches 70 allowing them to bend elastically around their axis A1 to then allow the plate 326 to be pivoted downwards to reach again its retracted initial angular position shown in figures 6 to 9 .

It is also possible to provide means for immobilizing it again in this angular position, for example in the form of lugs.

Detailed description of the second design example of a device according to the invention - Figures 15 to 19

In the following description, elements and components that are identical, similar or analogous to those shown and described with reference to figures 6 to 14 will be designated by the same numerical or alphanumeric references.

In this exemplary embodiment, the passage of the flexible tab 320 from its initial retracted position to its active functional position is “reversible”.

To this end, the rear longitudinal part of the plate 326 and the associated rear portion of the stop body 3 are modified.

In front of the rear end transverse edge 325 of the plate 326, and in front of the guide pin 323, the plate 326 comprises an upper locking and support leg 340 which extends vertically upwards.

By way of non-limiting, the leg 340 has a curved profile from bottom to top and from back to front.

The leg 340 is thus delimited by a convex rear face 342 and a concave front face 344 that are substantially parallel.

On its front face 342, and at its upper end, the leg 340 includes a finger 346 for locking and supporting.

Like the guide pin 323, the finger 346 is centered transversely and it is able to slide in the slide.

The upper face of the finger 346 is shaped as an inclined convex central transverse ramp 336 which is oriented from bottom to top and from back to front.

The underside of the finger 346 is shaped as a lower bearing facet 332 facing downwards.

By comparison with the first embodiment, the upper block does not include a pair of rear support branches.

It is here the rear upper part 3, in which the slide 33 is formed, which acts as the central rear support branch 70.

The upper central support branch 70 is delimited by an upper support surface 72 which is oriented upwards and which is capable of cooperating with the facet 332 facing the locking and support leg 340 of tray 326.

The design, size, and positioning of the rear central support branch are such that it constitutes a vertical foot capable of absorbing the forces, oriented vertically from top to bottom, which are applied to it by the associated facet 332.

To ensure reliable locking in the high position of the plate 326 and as can be seen in particular at the figure 18 , the support facet 332 and the upper support face 32 have a common and complementary inclination, from bottom to top and from back to front.

To allow the crossing by the finger 346, when the plate (and therefore the flexible tongue 320) passes from its retracted low position to its active functional high position, the leg 340 is able to flex elastically and the inclined convex central transverse ramp 336 cooperates with an underside 72 of the upper transverse upright 350 of the upper support branch 70.

As we can see at the figure 17 , in the retracted angular position of the flexible tongue 320, the finger 346 with its inclined ramp which extends opposite the lower face 76 constitutes means for locking the abutment tongue 320 in its retracted position which engage automatically when the abutment tongue 320 passes from its active functional position to its retracted position.

By considering the figure 17 , to then bring the flexible abutment tongue 320 into its active functional position, or state, an operator must rotate it counterclockwise around the axis of the hinge 322.

To do this, it acts on the lower gripping branches 328 to pull the tray upwards.

During pivoting, under the effect of the traction force exerted by the operator, the ramps 336 cooperate with the lower face 76 which constitutes a cam profile and the pivoting stroke continues until the plate 326 reaches its horizontal position shown in figure 18 in which the facet 332 is opposite the bearing face 72.

At the end of this change of angular position, the flexible abutment tab 320 is automatically locked in its active functional high position.

Starting from the active functional position shown in figure 18 , it is possible to unlock the leg 340 and therefore the plate 326 and the flexible tab 320.

To this end, and as can be seen in particular in detail in figure 16 and 19 , at its upper end, the leg 340 has two opposite upper transverse branches 338 constituting a gripping part.

By acting on the upper transverse gripping branches 338, the operator can pull the upper end section of the leg 340 forwards to deform it elastically and cause the mutual disengagement of the facet 332 and the bearing surface. 72.

The operator can then rotate the plate 326 with the leg 340, clockwise considering the figure 18 , until bringing them back into the retracted low angular position of the figure 17 .

At the end of this change of angular position and as can be seen in figure 16 and 17 , the flexible abutment tongue 320 is automatically locked in its retracted low position because the finger 346 is housed inside the slideway 33 and is arranged facing the lower face 76 of the upright 350.

This reversible design allows a whole range of uses of the temporary or temporary closure device 1, in particular for example in the automobile industry during the stages of assembly, anti-corrosion treatment, painting and assembly.

Each operator can manually raise or lower the flexible stop tab 320.

Variant - Figure 20

The variant illustrated in figure 20 combines the possibility of a "fixed" restraint according to the state of the art illustrated in figure 1 in combination with a "reversible" two-position stop tab 320 as described and shown with reference to figures 16 to 19 .

Detailed description of the third design example of a device according to the invention - Figures 20 to 24

In the following description, elements and components that are identical, similar or analogous to those shown and described with reference to figures 15 to 19 will be designated by the same numerical or alphanumeric references.

This exemplary embodiment constitutes a variant embodiment of the second exemplary embodiment and it will be described by comparison with the latter.

In order, starting from the active functional position of the flexible tongue 20, to unlock the leg 340 and therefore the plate 326 and the flexible tongue 320, the device here comprises unlocking control means which are made in two associated parts of a hand to the elastically deformable leg 340 and, on the other hand to the unlocking finger 346. For this purpose, and as can be seen in particular in detail in figures 20 to 24 , the rear face 319 of the flexible tongue 320 comprises, here substantially at mid-height, an actuator 351 which extends longitudinally towards the rear.

The actuator 351 forms an almost rigid assembly with the flexible tongue 320 and it pivots with the latter in both directions.

The actuator 351 is delimited by a rear free end transverse edge 352.

The upper locking leg 340 comprises an unlocking control arm 354 which is secured to the upper locking leg 340.

The unlocking control arm 354 here extends the locking finger 346 forwards.

The unlocking control arm 354 forms an almost rigid assembly with the locking finger 346 with which it is integral to constitute a control lever for the pivoting of the finger 346 (counter-clockwise considering the figure 23 ).

In its upper face, the arm 354 comprises a housing 356 open upwards which is capable of receiving the transverse edge of the rear free end 352 of the actuator 351.

Thus, the bottom 358 of the housing 356 constitutes a bearing surface for the transverse edge 352.

Starting from the retracted position of the figure 22 , by acting on the distal upper end section 318 of the abutment tongue 320 in the anti-clockwise direction, the pivoting of the tongue 320 is caused and simultaneously the pivoting of the flexible leg 340 in order, as described previously, to reach the active position shown in figure 23 .

Starting from the active position shown in figure 23 , to unlock the tongue 320, action is taken on the distal upper end section 318 of the abutment tongue 320 to cause the pivoting (clockwise) of the assembly consisting of the actuator 351 and the locking finger 346 .

The angular stroke of the actuator 351 initially results in its transverse edge 352 coming to rest against the bearing surface 358 of the unlocking control arm 354, and it continues by acting on the arm 354 forming a lever to pull forward the upper end section of the leg 340 comprising the locking pin 346 to deform it elastically and cause the mutual disengagement of the facet 332 and the bearing face 72.

To cause unlocking, the actuator 351 thus behaves like a finger which acts on a trigger formed by the arm 354.

The operator can then rotate the plate 326 with the leg 340, clockwise considering the figure 23 , until bringing them back into the retracted low angular position of the figure 22 .

The flexible abutment tab 320 is automatically locked in its retracted low position because the finger 346 is housed inside the slide 33 and is arranged opposite the underside 76 of the upright 350.

Claims (16)

Device for temporary closing (1) of an opening element (5) on a support element (4) comprising a wall (40), said device (1) comprising: - a lower fixing plate (2) comprising a base (25) of horizontal orientation intended to be supported on an outer face (45) of the wall (40); - and an upper abutment body (3) comprising abutment means (31, 32) for blocking the opening element (5) comprising:
-- a first fixed lateral front abutment element (31) which is capable of cooperating with a first portion (510) of the opening element (5) when the opening element (5) is in a so-called closed position; and - a flexible upper rear abutment tab (320) which is able to cooperate with a second portion (51) of the opening element (5) to retain it in its closed position, and which is able to deform elastically to release the opening element (5) and allow it to pass to a so-called open position, wherein the abutment tab (320) is movably mounted on the abutment body (3) between: - a retracted position in which it is not able to cooperate with said second portion of the opening (5); - and an active functional position in which it is able to cooperate with said second portion of the opening (5), characterized in that the upper abutment body (3) comprises a fixed upper support element (70, 72) with which the abutment tongue (320) cooperates when it is in its active functional position and when it is stressed by said second portion of the opening element (5) in a direction corresponding to the closure of the opening element (5). Device (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the upper stop body (3) comprises: - a first fixed upper support element (60, 61) with which the abutment tongue (320, 321) cooperates when it is in its active functional position and when it is urged by said second portion (51) of the opening element (5) in a direction corresponding to the opening of the opening element (5); - and a second fixed upper support element (70, 72) with which the abutment tongue (320) cooperates when it is in its active functional position and when it is urged by said second portion of the opening element ( 5) in a direction corresponding to the closure of the opening element (5). Device (1) according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises means for locking the abutment tongue (320) in its active functional position which engage automatically when the abutment tongue passes (320) from its retracted position to its active functional position. Device (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the abutment tongue (320) is mounted articulated on the abutment body, around a horizontal axis (K), between a retracted angular position and an active functional angular position. Device (1) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the first fixed upper support element (60) is an upper front support arm delimited by a first rear lateral support face (61) which extends towards the top. Device (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the abutment tongue (320) comprises a distal upper end section which, in the active functional position of the abutment tongue (320), extends projecting -beyond the upper end (63) of said upper support arm (60). Device (1) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the second fixed upper support element is a rear support branch (70) which extends upwards and which is delimited by a second upper support surface (72) pointing upwards. Device (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the second fixed upper element is a support arm (70) which extends upwards from the upper abutment body (3), and in that said second upper support surface (72) facing upwards is arranged at a free upper end of this branch. Device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the abutment tongue (320) comprises: - a lower end proximal section (317) which is hingedly mounted on the upper stop body (3); - and a rigid support plate (326) which extends longitudinally rearward from this lower end proximal section (317) of the abutment tongue (320) and which, when the abutment tongue ( 320) is in its active functional position, cooperates with said second upper bearing face (72). Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper abutment body (3) and the abutment tab (320) are made in one piece by moulding, in particular of plastic material. Device according to Claims 9, 7 and 3 taken in combination, characterized in that the plate (326) comprises an upper locking and support leg (340) which extends vertically upwards and which, at its upper end , comprises a locking and bearing finger (346) whose lower face is shaped as a lower bearing facet (332) facing downwards and whose upper face (346) is shaped as an inclined ramp (336) and in that , in the functional position of the abutment tab (320), said lower bearing facet (332) cooperates with said second upper bearing face (72). Device according to Claims 9, 7 and 3 taken in combination, characterized in that the plate (326) comprises an upper locking and support leg (340), capable of elastically flexing, which extends vertically upwards and which, at its upper end, comprises a locking and bearing finger (346) whose lower face is shaped as a lower bearing facet (332) facing downwards and whose upper face (346) is shaped as an inclined ramp (336) and in that , in the functional position of the abutment tongue (320), said lower bearing facet (332) cooperates with said second upper bearing face (72). Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said lower bearing facet (332) and said second upper bearing face (72) have a common and complementary inclination, and in that said upper locking leg (340) is able to flex elastically. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises control means (351, 354) for unlocking the stop tab (320) in its active functional angular position. Device according to the preceding claim, characterized in that it comprises an unlocking control arm (354) which is integral with the upper locking leg (340), and with which the stop tongue (320) cooperates when it moves from its active functional position to its retracted position. Device according to the preceding claim taken in combination with Claim 13, characterized in that the unlocking control arm (354) extends the locking finger (346) forwards, and in that the stop tongue (320) comprises an actuator (351) capable of cooperating with the unlocking control arm (354) which extends rearwardly from a rear face (319) of the stop tab (320).

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