EP4079622B1 - A method for switching the type of gases loaded on a ship - Google Patents
A method for switching the type of gases loaded on a ship Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4079622B1 EP4079622B1 EP20903202.8A EP20903202A EP4079622B1 EP 4079622 B1 EP4079622 B1 EP 4079622B1 EP 20903202 A EP20903202 A EP 20903202A EP 4079622 B1 EP4079622 B1 EP 4079622B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tank
- gas
- carbon dioxide
- water
- ammonia
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 123
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 182
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 161
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 98
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 96
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 92
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 92
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 21
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- IHQKEDIOMGYHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dimethylarsinate Chemical class [Na+].C[As](C)([O-])=O IHQKEDIOMGYHEB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RHKKPTWYACIZMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;carbon dioxide;hydrate Chemical compound N.O.O=C=O RHKKPTWYACIZMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/14—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed pressurised
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
- B63J2/12—Heating; Cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/03—Orientation
- F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
- F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
- F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2225/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
- F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
- F17C2225/046—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid
- F17C2225/047—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid with a dip tube
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
- F17C2227/0121—Propulsion of the fluid by gravity
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
- F17C2227/044—Methods for emptying or filling by purging
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
- F17C2260/044—Avoiding pollution or contamination
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/05—Improving chemical properties
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/01—Purifying the fluid
- F17C2265/015—Purifying the fluid by separating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a ship.
- a liquefied gas carrier or the like is provided with a liquefied gas storage tank.
- a liquefied gas storage tank Such a tank may be filled with an inert gas and then the inert gas in the tank may be replaced with air or the like such that the liquefied gas remaining in the tank does not come into contact with oxygen when the tank is opened for maintenance or the like (see, for example, PTL 1).
- the type of gas stored in the tank may be switched in the liquefied gas storage tank.
- a problem may arise due to contact between the residual gas of a first gas stored in the tank before the switching and a second gas stored in the tank after the switching. Examples of the problem include solid generation resulting from a chemical reaction between the first gas and the second gas.
- the first gas may be mixed with the second gas and the first gas may remain in the tank after the switching. Accordingly, in a case where the type of gas stored in the tank is switched, as in the case of the inert gas of PTL 1, the second gas needs to be loaded into the tank after the first gas in the tank is replaced with the inert gas.
- the present disclosure has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide a ship in which the type of gas loaded into a tank can be switched with ease and speed.
- a ship 1 of the embodiment of the present disclosure illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 is capable of selectively carrying, for example, liquefied carbon dioxide and liquefied ammonia.
- the ship 1 includes at least a hull 2, a tank 21, an upper supply line 32, a lower supply line 33 as a supply line, a discharge line 35, and a water tank 50.
- the hull 2 has a pair of broadsides 3A and 3B, a ship bottom (not illustrated), and a deck 5, which form the outer shell of the hull 2.
- the broadsides 3A and 3B are provided with a pair of broadside skins respectively forming the left and right broadsides.
- the ship bottom (not illustrated) is provided with a ship bottom skin connecting the broadsides 3A and 3B.
- the outer shell of the hull 2 has a U shape in a cross section orthogonal to a ship stern direction Da.
- the deck 5 exemplified in this embodiment is a whole deck exposed to the outside.
- an upper structure 7 having a living quarter is formed on the deck 5 on a stern 2b side.
- a cargo loading section (hold) 8 is formed closer to a bow 2a side than the upper structure 7.
- the cargo loading section 8 is recessed toward the ship bottom (not illustrated) below the deck 5 and is open upward.
- a plurality of the tanks 21 are disposed in the cargo loading section 8. In this embodiment, for example, a total of seven tanks 21 are disposed in the cargo loading section 8.
- the tank 21 is not limited in any manner in terms of layout and installation number in the cargo loading section 8.
- each tank 21 has, for example, a cylindrical shape extending in the horizontal direction (specifically, ship stern direction) .
- the tank 21 is not limited to a cylindrical tank and may be spherical.
- the upper supply line 32 and the lower supply line 33 are provided in each tank 21.
- the upper supply line 32 reaches the inside of the tank 21 from the outside of the tank 21.
- An opening portion 32a opening to the upper portion in the tank 21 is formed at the tip of the upper supply line 32.
- the upper portion in the tank means the region in the tank 21 that is on the side closer to the upper end of the tank 21 than the center of the tank 21 in the ship height direction (that is, the up-down direction of the tank 21).
- the portion can be the top of the tank 21.
- the upper supply line 32 is provided with an opening-closing valve 32v.
- the discharge line 35 is branch-connected to the upper supply line 32.
- the lower supply line 33 reaches the inside of the tank 21 from the outside of the tank 21.
- An opening portion 33a opening to the lower portion in the tank 21 is formed at the tip of the lower supply line 33.
- the lower portion in the tank 21 means the region in the tank 21 that is on the side closer to the lower end of the tank 21 than the center of the tank 21 in the ship height direction.
- the portion can be the bottom portion of the tank 21.
- the lower supply line 33 is provided with an opening-closing valve 33v.
- the discharge line 35 discharges the gas stored in the tank 21 and containing at least one of ammonia and carbon dioxide to the outside of the tank 21.
- One end side of the discharge line 35 branches from the upper supply line 32.
- the discharge line 35 is provided with an opening-closing valve 35v.
- the water tank 50 is provided in the hull 2 (see Fig. 1 ).
- the water tank 50 may be, for example, a ballast tank provided in the hull 2.
- Water W can be stored in the water tank 50.
- the water W stored in the water tank 50 may be seawater.
- the other end of the discharge line 35 is disposed in the water tank 50. As a result, the gas discharged from the tank 21 through the discharge line 35 is introduced into the water W in the water tank 50.
- the water tank 50 exemplified in this embodiment is provided with a heating unit 52.
- the heating unit 52 is configured to be capable of heating the water W in the water tank 50.
- the component (carbon dioxide or ammonia) contained in the gas discharged from the tank may cause a chemical reaction via the water W and a substance resulting from the chemical reaction (for example, ammonium carbonate) may be dissolved in the water W in the water tank 50.
- a substance resulting from the chemical reaction for example, ammonium carbonate
- a separated gas discharge line 53 is connected to the water tank 50 exemplified in this embodiment.
- the separated gas discharge line 53 the gas containing the above components separated by the heating unit 52 can be discharged to the outside of the ship.
- Either liquefied carbon dioxide Lc or liquefied ammonia La is selectively loaded into the tank 21.
- liquefied carbon dioxide loading into the tank 21 or liquefied ammonia loading into the tank 21 is performed as follows.
- a pipe (not illustrated) for supplying the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc from an outboard liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility or the like is connected to the lower supply line 33.
- the opening-closing valve 33v is opened, and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is sent from the outside of the ship into the lower supply line 33.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is loaded into the tank 21 from the opening portion 33a.
- carbon dioxide gas Gc resulting from partial vaporization of the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is in the upper portion in the tank 21.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc may be loaded into the tank 21 through the upper supply line 32 with the opening-closing valve 32v open.
- a pipe (not illustrated) for supplying the liquefied ammonia La from an outboard liquefied ammonia supply facility or the like is connected to the lower supply line 33.
- the opening-closing valve 33v is opened, and the liquefied ammonia La is sent from the outside of the ship into the lower supply line 33.
- the liquefied ammonia La is loaded into the tank 21 from the opening portion 33a.
- ammonia gas Ga resulting from partial vaporization of the liquefied ammonia La is in the upper portion in the tank 21.
- the liquefied ammonia La may be loaded into the tank 21 through the upper supply line 32 with the opening-closing valve 32v open.
- the liquefied ammonia La in the tank 21 is discharged to an outboard liquefied ammonia recovery facility or the like.
- the opening-closing valve 33v is opened and the liquefied ammonia La is suctioned out of the tank 21 through the lower supply line 33 by, for example, a cargo pump (not illustrated).
- the liquefied ammonia La in the tank 21 is discharged to the outboard liquefied ammonia recovery facility or the like through the lower supply line 33.
- the ammonia gas Ga remains in the tank 21 as illustrated in Fig. 4 .
- the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is supplied to the lower portion of the tank 21.
- the opening-closing valve 33v is opened and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is sent into the lower supply line 33 from the outside of the ship.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is loaded into the tank 21 from the opening portion 33a.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is higher in specific gravity than the ammonia gas Ga in the tank 21. Accordingly, the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc sent into the tank 21 is stored in the lower portion of the tank 21.
- the ammonia gas Ga is stored above the liquefied ammonia La in the tank 21.
- the carbon dioxide gas Gc generated by the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc vaporizing also accumulates in the upper portion of the tank 21.
- mixed gas Gm of the ammonia gas Ga and the carbon dioxide gas Gc is stored in the upper portion of the tank 21.
- the opening-closing valve 35v provided on the discharge line 35 is opened.
- the mixed gas Gm of the ammonia gas Ga and the carbon dioxide gas Gc in the upper portion of the tank 21 is pushed upward in the tank 21 as the amount of the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc in the tank 21 increases.
- the mixed gas Gm flows into the upper supply line 32 from the opening portion 32a open in the upper portion in the tank 21.
- the mixed gas Gm is introduced into the water W in the water tank 50 through the discharge line 35.
- the ammonia gas Ga may be recovered, without being sent into the water tank 50, through the upper supply line 32 by an ammonia gas recovery facility or the like provided outside the ship.
- the opening-closing valves 33v and 35v are closed when a predetermined amount of the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is stored in the tank 21. As a result, the work of replacing the liquefied gas loaded into the tank 21 from the liquefied ammonia La to the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is completed.
- the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc in the tank 21 is discharged to an outboard liquefied carbon dioxide recovery facility or the like.
- the opening-closing valve 33v is opened and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is suctioned out of the tank 21 through the lower supply line 33 by, for example, a cargo pump (not illustrated).
- the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc in the tank 21 is discharged to the outboard liquefied carbon dioxide recovery facility or the like through the lower supply line 33.
- the carbon dioxide gas Gc remains in the tank 21 as illustrated in Fig. 6 .
- the liquefied ammonia La is supplied to the lower portion of the tank 21.
- the opening-closing valve 33v is opened and the liquefied ammonia La is sent into the lower supply line 33 from the outside of the ship. Then, the liquefied ammonia La is loaded into the tank 21 from the opening portion 33a.
- the liquefied ammonia La is higher in specific gravity than the carbon dioxide gas Gc in the tank 21. Accordingly, the liquefied ammonia La sent into the tank 21 is stored in the lower portion of the tank 21.
- the carbon dioxide gas Gc is stored above the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc in the tank 21.
- the ammonia gas Ga generated by the liquefied ammonia La vaporizing also accumulates in the upper portion of the tank 21. In other words, when the liquefied ammonia La is supplied into the tank 21, the mixed gas Gm of the carbon dioxide gas Gc and the ammonia gas Ga is stored in the upper portion of the tank 21.
- the opening-closing valve 35v provided on the discharge line 35 is opened.
- the mixed gas Gm of the carbon dioxide gas Gc and the ammonia gas Ga in the upper portion of the tank 21 is pushed upward in the tank 21 as the amount of the liquefied ammonia La in the tank 21 increases.
- the mixed gas Gm flows into the upper supply line 32 from the opening portion 32a open in the upper portion in the tank 21.
- the mixed gas Gm is introduced into the water W in the water tank 50 through the discharge line 35.
- the carbon dioxide gas Gc may be recovered as it is by, for example, a carbon dioxide recovery facility provided outside the ship or may be released to the outside of the ship without being sent into the water tank 50.
- the opening-closing valves 33v and 35v are closed when a predetermined amount of the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is stored in the tank 21.
- the liquefied gas loaded into the tank 21 can be replaced from the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc to the liquefied ammonia La.
- the water W in the water tank 50 can be pyrolyzed by operating the heating unit 52.
- the ammonium carbonate- or ammonium bicarbonate-dissolved water W is heated when the heating unit 52 is operated.
- the water W in the water tank 50 is heated to, for example, 58°C or higher, the ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate is pyrolyzed into ammonia, carbon dioxide, and the water W.
- These pyrolyzed ammonia and carbon dioxide are discharged to, for example, a treatment facility provided outside the ship through the separated gas discharge line 53 or the like.
- the ship 1 of the above embodiment includes the tank 21 where one of the ammonia gas Ga and the carbon dioxide gas Gc remains (is stored), the lower supply line 33 supplying the other of the liquefied ammonia La and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc into the tank 21, the discharge line 35 discharging the mixed gas of the ammonia gas Ga or the carbon dioxide gas Gc that remains in the tank 21 and the gas vaporized from the other of the liquefied ammonia La and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc when the other of the liquefied ammonia La and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is supplied from the lower supply line 33, and the water tank 50 into which the mixed gas discharged from the discharge line 35 is introduced.
- gas type switch can be performed even in a case where it is difficult to release the gas discharged from the tank 21 into the atmosphere.
- the ship 1 of the above embodiment further includes the heating unit 52 heating the water W in the water tank 50 and the separated gas discharge line 53 discharging the gas separated from the water W by the heating unit 52 heating the water W.
- the water W in the water tank 50 in which the product of a mixed gas-water chemical reaction is dissolved can be heated by the heating unit 52. Accordingly, the ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate dissolved in the water W can be pyrolyzed to separate the gas such as carbon dioxide gas and ammonia gas from the water W.
- the gas separated from the water W in the water tank 50 can be discharged from the separated gas discharge line 53. Accordingly, the gas separated from the water W can be treated at an appropriate timing regardless of, for example, the situation of gas type switch.
- the heating unit 52 may be provided in an outboard treatment facility or the like.
- the water W in the water tank 50 is discharged to the outside of the ship with the component and product contained in the gas discharged from the discharge line 35 dissolved and is treated at the outboard treatment facility or the like.
- the discharge line 35 is branch-connected to the upper supply line 32.
- the discharge line 35 may be directly connected to the tank 21 with the upper supply line 32 omitted.
- liquefied ammonia La or the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is supplied into the tank 21 from the lower portion of the tank 21 by the lower supply line 33.
- the liquefied ammonia La or the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc may be supplied into the tank 21 from, for example, the upper portion or center of the tank 21 instead of the lower portion.
- the ship 1 described in the embodiment is, for example, grasped as follows.
- the ship 1 in a case where the type of gas loaded into the tank 21 is switched, the other of ammonia and carbon dioxide is supplied through the supply line 33 into the tank 21 in which one of ammonia and carbon dioxide is stored. Then, the mixed gas of ammonia and carbon dioxide is discharged from the discharge line 35. The mixed gas discharged from the tank 21 is sent into the water tank 50 through the discharge line 35. As a result of contact between the mixed gas sent into the tank 21 and the water W, ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate as an example is generated as a product. This product dissolves in the water W by being introduced into the water tank 50.
- the ship 1 according to a second aspect which is the ship 1 of (1), further includes a heating unit 52 heating the water W in the water tank 50; and a separated gas discharge line 53 discharging a gas separated from the water W by the heating unit 52 heating the water W.
- the water W in the water tank 50 in which the product is dissolved can be heated. Accordingly, the ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate dissolved in the water W can be pyrolyzed to separate the gas such as carbon dioxide gas and ammonia gas from the water W. In addition, the gas separated from the water W in the water tank 50 can be discharged from the separated gas discharge line 53. Accordingly, the gas separated from the water W can be treated at an appropriate timing regardless of, for example, the situation of switching the type of gas in the tank 21.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
Description
- The present disclosure relates to a ship.
- The present application claims priority with respect to
Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-228934 filed in Japan on December 19, 2019 - A liquefied gas carrier or the like is provided with a liquefied gas storage tank. Such a tank may be filled with an inert gas and then the inert gas in the tank may be replaced with air or the like such that the liquefied gas remaining in the tank does not come into contact with oxygen when the tank is opened for maintenance or the like (see, for example, PTL 1).
- [PTL 1]
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-193653 - By the way, the type of gas stored in the tank may be switched in the liquefied gas storage tank. At this time, a problem may arise due to contact between the residual gas of a first gas stored in the tank before the switching and a second gas stored in the tank after the switching. Examples of the problem include solid generation resulting from a chemical reaction between the first gas and the second gas. In addition, the first gas may be mixed with the second gas and the first gas may remain in the tank after the switching. Accordingly, in a case where the type of gas stored in the tank is switched, as in the case of the inert gas of PTL 1, the second gas needs to be loaded into the tank after the first gas in the tank is replaced with the inert gas.
- However, as for the method described above, it is necessary to sequentially execute the steps of discharging the first gas to the outside of the tank, performing replacement with the inert gas or the like in the tank, and loading the second gas into the tank in switching the type of gas loaded into the tank. As a result, it takes time and effort to switch the type of gas loaded into the tank. In addition, depending on the type of the residual gas in the tank, the residual gas cannot be directly released from the tank into the atmosphere, and it may take time and effort to treat the residual gas.
- The present disclosure has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide a ship in which the type of gas loaded into a tank can be switched with ease and speed.
- In order to achieve the above object, a method according to claim 1 has been provided.
- According to the method of the present disclosure, it is possible to efficiently switch the type of gas loaded into the tank and work can be facilitated and expedited.
-
-
Fig. 1 is a plan view illustrating a schematic configuration of a ship according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 2 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating a state where liquefied carbon dioxide is loaded in a tank to which the ship according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is applied. -
Fig. 3 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating a state where liquefied ammonia is loaded in the tank to which the ship according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is applied. -
Fig. 4 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating a state where ammonia gas remains in the tank with the liquefied ammonia discharged in the ship according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 5 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating a state where the liquefied carbon dioxide is supplied to the tank and a mixed gas is sent into a water tank in the ship according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 6 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating a state where carbon dioxide gas remains in the tank with the liquefied carbon dioxide discharged in the ship according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. -
Fig. 7 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating a state where the liquefied ammonia is supplied to the tank and the mixed gas is sent into the water tank in the ship according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. - Hereinafter, a ship according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to
Figs. 1 to 7 . - A ship 1 of the embodiment of the present disclosure illustrated in
Figs. 1 and2 is capable of selectively carrying, for example, liquefied carbon dioxide and liquefied ammonia. The ship 1 includes at least ahull 2, atank 21, anupper supply line 32, alower supply line 33 as a supply line, adischarge line 35, and awater tank 50. - As illustrated in
Fig. 1 , thehull 2 has a pair ofbroadsides deck 5, which form the outer shell of thehull 2. Thebroadsides broadsides broadsides hull 2 has a U shape in a cross section orthogonal to a ship stern direction Da. Thedeck 5 exemplified in this embodiment is a whole deck exposed to the outside. In thehull 2, an upper structure 7 having a living quarter is formed on thedeck 5 on astern 2b side. - In the
hull 2, a cargo loading section (hold) 8 is formed closer to abow 2a side than the upper structure 7. Thecargo loading section 8 is recessed toward the ship bottom (not illustrated) below thedeck 5 and is open upward. - A plurality of the
tanks 21 are disposed in thecargo loading section 8. In this embodiment, for example, a total of seventanks 21 are disposed in thecargo loading section 8. Thetank 21 is not limited in any manner in terms of layout and installation number in thecargo loading section 8. In this embodiment, eachtank 21 has, for example, a cylindrical shape extending in the horizontal direction (specifically, ship stern direction) . Thetank 21 is not limited to a cylindrical tank and may be spherical. - As illustrated in
Fig. 2 , theupper supply line 32 and thelower supply line 33 are provided in eachtank 21. - The
upper supply line 32 reaches the inside of thetank 21 from the outside of thetank 21. Anopening portion 32a opening to the upper portion in thetank 21 is formed at the tip of theupper supply line 32. Here, the upper portion in the tank means the region in thetank 21 that is on the side closer to the upper end of thetank 21 than the center of thetank 21 in the ship height direction (that is, the up-down direction of the tank 21). As an example, the portion can be the top of thetank 21. Theupper supply line 32 is provided with an opening-closing valve 32v. In addition, thedischarge line 35 is branch-connected to theupper supply line 32. - The
lower supply line 33 reaches the inside of thetank 21 from the outside of thetank 21. Anopening portion 33a opening to the lower portion in thetank 21 is formed at the tip of thelower supply line 33. Here, the lower portion in thetank 21 means the region in thetank 21 that is on the side closer to the lower end of thetank 21 than the center of thetank 21 in the ship height direction. As an example, the portion can be the bottom portion of thetank 21. Thelower supply line 33 is provided with an opening-closing valve 33v. - When the type of gas loaded into the
tank 21 is switched, thedischarge line 35 discharges the gas stored in thetank 21 and containing at least one of ammonia and carbon dioxide to the outside of thetank 21. One end side of thedischarge line 35 branches from theupper supply line 32. Thedischarge line 35 is provided with an opening-closingvalve 35v. - The
water tank 50 is provided in the hull 2 (seeFig. 1 ). Thewater tank 50 may be, for example, a ballast tank provided in thehull 2. Water W can be stored in thewater tank 50. The water W stored in thewater tank 50 may be seawater. The other end of thedischarge line 35 is disposed in thewater tank 50. As a result, the gas discharged from thetank 21 through thedischarge line 35 is introduced into the water W in thewater tank 50. - The
water tank 50 exemplified in this embodiment is provided with aheating unit 52. Theheating unit 52 is configured to be capable of heating the water W in thewater tank 50. For example, the component (carbon dioxide or ammonia) contained in the gas discharged from the tank may cause a chemical reaction via the water W and a substance resulting from the chemical reaction (for example, ammonium carbonate) may be dissolved in the water W in thewater tank 50. In this case, it is possible to perform separation into the components before the chemical reaction (carbon dioxide, ammonia, and water) by theheating unit 52 heating the water W in thewater tank 50. - Further, a separated
gas discharge line 53 is connected to thewater tank 50 exemplified in this embodiment. By the separatedgas discharge line 53, the gas containing the above components separated by theheating unit 52 can be discharged to the outside of the ship. - Either liquefied carbon dioxide Lc or liquefied ammonia La is selectively loaded into the
tank 21. - In a case where the ship 1 repeatedly carries only one of the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc and the liquefied ammonia La, liquefied carbon dioxide loading into the
tank 21 or liquefied ammonia loading into thetank 21 is performed as follows. - As illustrated in
Fig. 2 , in order to load the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc into thetank 21, a pipe (not illustrated) for supplying the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc from an outboard liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility or the like is connected to thelower supply line 33. The opening-closingvalve 33v is opened, and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is sent from the outside of the ship into thelower supply line 33. Then, the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is loaded into thetank 21 from theopening portion 33a. In this manner, the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is stored in thetank 21. In addition, carbon dioxide gas Gc resulting from partial vaporization of the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is in the upper portion in thetank 21. The liquefied carbon dioxide Lc may be loaded into thetank 21 through theupper supply line 32 with the opening-closingvalve 32v open. - As illustrated in
Fig. 3 , in order to load the liquefied ammonia La into thetank 21, a pipe (not illustrated) for supplying the liquefied ammonia La from an outboard liquefied ammonia supply facility or the like is connected to thelower supply line 33. The opening-closingvalve 33v is opened, and the liquefied ammonia La is sent from the outside of the ship into thelower supply line 33. Then, the liquefied ammonia La is loaded into thetank 21 from theopening portion 33a. In this manner, the liquefied ammonia La is stored in thetank 21. In addition, ammonia gas Ga resulting from partial vaporization of the liquefied ammonia La is in the upper portion in thetank 21. The liquefied ammonia La may be loaded into thetank 21 through theupper supply line 32 with the opening-closingvalve 32v open. - In the case of liquefied ammonia-to-liquefied carbon dioxide replacement of the liquefied gas loaded into the
tank 21, first, the liquefied ammonia La in thetank 21 is discharged to an outboard liquefied ammonia recovery facility or the like. In order to discharge the liquefied ammonia La stored in thetank 21, the opening-closingvalve 33v is opened and the liquefied ammonia La is suctioned out of thetank 21 through thelower supply line 33 by, for example, a cargo pump (not illustrated). As a result, the liquefied ammonia La in thetank 21 is discharged to the outboard liquefied ammonia recovery facility or the like through thelower supply line 33. - After the liquefied ammonia La in the
tank 21 is discharged, the ammonia gas Ga remains in thetank 21 as illustrated inFig. 4 . - Subsequently, as illustrated in
Fig. 5 , the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is supplied to the lower portion of thetank 21. In order to supply the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc to thetank 21, the opening-closingvalve 33v is opened and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is sent into thelower supply line 33 from the outside of the ship. The liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is loaded into thetank 21 from theopening portion 33a. The liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is higher in specific gravity than the ammonia gas Ga in thetank 21. Accordingly, the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc sent into thetank 21 is stored in the lower portion of thetank 21. The ammonia gas Ga is stored above the liquefied ammonia La in thetank 21. In addition, the carbon dioxide gas Gc generated by the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc vaporizing also accumulates in the upper portion of thetank 21. In other words, when the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is supplied into thetank 21, mixed gas Gm of the ammonia gas Ga and the carbon dioxide gas Gc is stored in the upper portion of thetank 21. - When the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is sent into the
tank 21 as described above, the opening-closingvalve 35v provided on thedischarge line 35 is opened. When the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc continues to be supplied to the lower portion of thetank 21, the mixed gas Gm of the ammonia gas Ga and the carbon dioxide gas Gc in the upper portion of thetank 21 is pushed upward in thetank 21 as the amount of the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc in thetank 21 increases. After the push, the mixed gas Gm flows into theupper supply line 32 from theopening portion 32a open in the upper portion in thetank 21. After flowing into theupper supply line 32, the mixed gas Gm is introduced into the water W in thewater tank 50 through thedischarge line 35. - Then, ammonia (NH3) and carbon dioxide (CO2), which are components contained in the mixed gas Gm, are released into the water W and cause a chemical reaction via the water W (H2O). Then, solid ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3) or ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3) is generated as a result of the chemical reaction. The generated ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate is stored in the
water tank 50 in a state of being dissolved in the water W. - If not the mixed gas Gm but only the ammonia gas Ga is discharged from the upper portion of the
tank 21 to theupper supply line 32 in the initial stage in which the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is sent into thetank 21, the ammonia gas Ga may be recovered, without being sent into thewater tank 50, through theupper supply line 32 by an ammonia gas recovery facility or the like provided outside the ship. - The opening-closing
valves tank 21. As a result, the work of replacing the liquefied gas loaded into thetank 21 from the liquefied ammonia La to the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is completed. - In the case of liquefied carbon dioxide-to-liquefied ammonia replacement of the liquefied gas loaded into the
tank 21, first, the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc in thetank 21 is discharged to an outboard liquefied carbon dioxide recovery facility or the like. In order to discharge the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc stored in thetank 21, the opening-closingvalve 33v is opened and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is suctioned out of thetank 21 through thelower supply line 33 by, for example, a cargo pump (not illustrated). As a result, the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc in thetank 21 is discharged to the outboard liquefied carbon dioxide recovery facility or the like through thelower supply line 33. - After the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc in the
tank 21 is discharged, the carbon dioxide gas Gc remains in thetank 21 as illustrated inFig. 6 . - Subsequently, as illustrated in
Fig. 7 , the liquefied ammonia La is supplied to the lower portion of thetank 21. In order to supply the liquefied ammonia La to thetank 21, the opening-closingvalve 33v is opened and the liquefied ammonia La is sent into thelower supply line 33 from the outside of the ship. Then, the liquefied ammonia La is loaded into thetank 21 from theopening portion 33a. - The liquefied ammonia La is higher in specific gravity than the carbon dioxide gas Gc in the
tank 21. Accordingly, the liquefied ammonia La sent into thetank 21 is stored in the lower portion of thetank 21. The carbon dioxide gas Gc is stored above the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc in thetank 21. In addition, the ammonia gas Ga generated by the liquefied ammonia La vaporizing also accumulates in the upper portion of thetank 21. In other words, when the liquefied ammonia La is supplied into thetank 21, the mixed gas Gm of the carbon dioxide gas Gc and the ammonia gas Ga is stored in the upper portion of thetank 21. - When the liquefied ammonia La is sent into the
tank 21 as described above, the opening-closingvalve 35v provided on thedischarge line 35 is opened. When the liquefied ammonia La continues to be supplied to the lower portion of thetank 21, the mixed gas Gm of the carbon dioxide gas Gc and the ammonia gas Ga in the upper portion of thetank 21 is pushed upward in thetank 21 as the amount of the liquefied ammonia La in thetank 21 increases. After the push, the mixed gas Gm flows into theupper supply line 32 from theopening portion 32a open in the upper portion in thetank 21. After flowing into theupper supply line 32, the mixed gas Gm is introduced into the water W in thewater tank 50 through thedischarge line 35. - Then, ammonia (NH3) and carbon dioxide (CO2), which are components contained in the mixed gas Gm, are released into the water W and cause a chemical reaction via the water W (H2O). Then, solid ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3) or ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3) is generated as a result of the chemical reaction. The generated ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate is stored in the
water tank 50 in a state of being dissolved in the water W. - If not the mixed gas Gm but only the carbon dioxide gas Gc is discharged from the upper portion of the
tank 21 to theupper supply line 32 in the initial stage in which the liquefied ammonia La is sent into thetank 21, the carbon dioxide gas Gc may be recovered as it is by, for example, a carbon dioxide recovery facility provided outside the ship or may be released to the outside of the ship without being sent into thewater tank 50. - The opening-closing
valves tank 21. As a result, the liquefied gas loaded into thetank 21 can be replaced from the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc to the liquefied ammonia La. - As described above, the water W in the
water tank 50 can be pyrolyzed by operating theheating unit 52. The ammonium carbonate- or ammonium bicarbonate-dissolved water W is heated when theheating unit 52 is operated. When the water W in thewater tank 50 is heated to, for example, 58°C or higher, the ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate is pyrolyzed into ammonia, carbon dioxide, and the water W. These pyrolyzed ammonia and carbon dioxide are discharged to, for example, a treatment facility provided outside the ship through the separatedgas discharge line 53 or the like. - The ship 1 of the above embodiment includes the
tank 21 where one of the ammonia gas Ga and the carbon dioxide gas Gc remains (is stored), thelower supply line 33 supplying the other of the liquefied ammonia La and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc into thetank 21, thedischarge line 35 discharging the mixed gas of the ammonia gas Ga or the carbon dioxide gas Gc that remains in thetank 21 and the gas vaporized from the other of the liquefied ammonia La and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc when the other of the liquefied ammonia La and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is supplied from thelower supply line 33, and thewater tank 50 into which the mixed gas discharged from thedischarge line 35 is introduced. - In such a configuration, when the other of the liquefied ammonia La and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is supplied through the
lower supply line 33 into thetank 21 where one of the ammonia gas Ga and the carbon dioxide gas Gc remains, the mixed gas in which ammonia and carbon dioxide are mixed is discharged from thetank 21. This mixed gas is introduced into thewater tank 50 through thedischarge line 35 and released into the water W. Then, a chemical reaction occurs as a result of ammonia-carbon dioxide-water contact in thetank 21, and ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate is generated. The ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate is dissolved in the water W and stored. Accordingly, there is no need to discharge the gas or product discharged from thetank 21 in the event of gas type switch to the outside of the ship. In other words, gas type switch can be performed even in a case where it is difficult to release the gas discharged from thetank 21 into the atmosphere. As a result, it is possible to efficiently switch the type of gas loaded into thetank 21 and gas type switch can be facilitated and expedited. - The ship 1 of the above embodiment further includes the
heating unit 52 heating the water W in thewater tank 50 and the separatedgas discharge line 53 discharging the gas separated from the water W by theheating unit 52 heating the water W. - In such a configuration, in the event of gas type switch, the water W in the
water tank 50 in which the product of a mixed gas-water chemical reaction is dissolved can be heated by theheating unit 52. Accordingly, the ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate dissolved in the water W can be pyrolyzed to separate the gas such as carbon dioxide gas and ammonia gas from the water W. The gas separated from the water W in thewater tank 50 can be discharged from the separatedgas discharge line 53. Accordingly, the gas separated from the water W can be treated at an appropriate timing regardless of, for example, the situation of gas type switch. - Although an embodiment of the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment and also includes, for example, design changes within the gist of the present disclosure.
- Although the
water tank 50 is provided with theheating unit 52 in the above embodiment, theheating unit 52 may be provided in an outboard treatment facility or the like. In that case, the water W in thewater tank 50 is discharged to the outside of the ship with the component and product contained in the gas discharged from thedischarge line 35 dissolved and is treated at the outboard treatment facility or the like. - Exemplified in the above embodiment is a case where the
discharge line 35 is branch-connected to theupper supply line 32. Alternatively, thedischarge line 35 may be directly connected to thetank 21 with theupper supply line 32 omitted. - Described in the above embodiment is a case where the liquefied ammonia La or the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is supplied into the
tank 21 from the lower portion of thetank 21 by thelower supply line 33. Alternatively, the liquefied ammonia La or the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc may be supplied into thetank 21 from, for example, the upper portion or center of thetank 21 instead of the lower portion. - The ship 1 described in the embodiment is, for example, grasped as follows.
- (1) A ship 1 according to a first aspect includes: a
hull 2; atank 21 provided in thehull 2 and storing either ammonia or carbon dioxide; asupply line 33 supplying the other of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide into thetank 21; adischarge line 35 discharging, when the other of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide is supplied into thetank 21 through thesupply line 33, a mixed gas in which one of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide stored in thetank 21 and the other of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide supplied into thetank 21 by thesupply line 33 are mixed; and awater tank 50 provided in thehull 2 and storing water W, the mixed gas discharged from thedischarge line 35 being introduced into thewater tank 50. - As for the ship 1, in a case where the type of gas loaded into the
tank 21 is switched, the other of ammonia and carbon dioxide is supplied through thesupply line 33 into thetank 21 in which one of ammonia and carbon dioxide is stored. Then, the mixed gas of ammonia and carbon dioxide is discharged from thedischarge line 35. The mixed gas discharged from thetank 21 is sent into thewater tank 50 through thedischarge line 35. As a result of contact between the mixed gas sent into thetank 21 and the water W, ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate as an example is generated as a product. This product dissolves in the water W by being introduced into thewater tank 50. - In this manner, when the type of gas loaded into the
tank 21 is switched, the mixed gas discharged from thetank 21 is allowed to chemically react with the water W and can be stored in thewater tank 50. Accordingly, there is no need to discharge the gas or product discharged from thetank 21 in the event of gas type switch to the outside of the ship. In other words, gas type switch can be performed even in a case where it is difficult to release the gas discharged from thetank 21 into the atmosphere. As a result, it is possible to efficiently switch the type of gas loaded into thetank 21 and gas type switch can be facilitated and expedited. - (2) The ship 1 according to a second aspect, which is the ship 1 of (1), further includes a
heating unit 52 heating the water W in thewater tank 50; and a separatedgas discharge line 53 discharging a gas separated from the water W by theheating unit 52 heating the water W. - As a result, the water W in the
water tank 50 in which the product is dissolved can be heated. Accordingly, the ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate dissolved in the water W can be pyrolyzed to separate the gas such as carbon dioxide gas and ammonia gas from the water W. In addition, the gas separated from the water W in thewater tank 50 can be discharged from the separatedgas discharge line 53. Accordingly, the gas separated from the water W can be treated at an appropriate timing regardless of, for example, the situation of switching the type of gas in thetank 21. - According to the ship of the present disclosure, it is possible to efficiently switch the type of gas loaded into the tank and work can be facilitated and expedited. Reference Signs List
-
- 1: ship
- 2: hull
- 2a: bow
- 2b: stern
- 3A, 3B: side
- 5: deck
- 7: upper structure
- 8: cargo loading section
- 21: tank
- 32: upper supply line
- 32a: opening portion
- 32v: opening-closing valve
- 33: supply line
- 33: lower supply line (supply line)
- 33a: opening portion
- 33v: opening-closing valve
- 35: discharge line
- 35v: opening-closing valve
- 50: water tank
- 52: heating unit
- 53: separated gas discharge line
- Da: ship stern direction
- Ga: ammonia gas
- Gc: carbon dioxide gas
- Gm: mixed gas
- La: liquefied ammonia
- Lc: liquefied carbon dioxide
- W: water
Claims (2)
- A method for switching the type of gases loaded on a ship (1), which is provided with:a hull (2);a tank (21) provided in the hull (2) and storing either ammonia or carbon dioxide;a supply line (33) through which the other of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide is supplied to the tank (21) ;a first discharge line (35) through which mixed gas of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide is discharged from the tank (21); anda water tank (50) provided in the hull (2) and storing water, the method comprising:discharging mixed gas of ammonia and carbon dioxide from the tank (21) through the first discharge line (35) when the other of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide is supplied to the tank (21) through the supply line (33); andintroducing the mixed gas, which is discharged from the tank (21) through the first discharge line (35), to the water tank (50).
- The method according to Claim 1, wherein the ship is further provided with:a heating unit (52) heating the water in the water tank (50); anda second discharge line (53) through which gas is discharged from the water tank (50),wherein the method further comprising:heating the water in the water tank (50) by the heating unit (52); anddischarging gas, which has been separated from the water heated by the heating unit (52), is discharged from the water tank (50) through the second discharge line (53).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2019228934A JP7377094B2 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2019-12-19 | ship |
PCT/JP2020/033961 WO2021124622A1 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2020-09-08 | Ship |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4079622A1 EP4079622A1 (en) | 2022-10-26 |
EP4079622A4 EP4079622A4 (en) | 2023-01-18 |
EP4079622B1 true EP4079622B1 (en) | 2024-02-21 |
Family
ID=76431977
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20903202.8A Active EP4079622B1 (en) | 2019-12-19 | 2020-09-08 | A method for switching the type of gases loaded on a ship |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4079622B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP7377094B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20220093241A (en) |
CN (1) | CN114787029B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2020409191B2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK4079622T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021124622A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6934555B1 (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-09-15 | 三菱造船株式会社 | Ship |
KR102584151B1 (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2023-10-04 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Ammonia treatment system of ship |
KR102538535B1 (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2023-06-02 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Ammonia treatment system of ship |
WO2023159266A1 (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2023-08-31 | Tasrex Pty Ltd | Shipping carbon dioxide emissions for processing and green ammonia for import/export |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2561751B1 (en) * | 1984-03-23 | 1988-11-10 | Air Liquide | TANK PURGE AND INERTAGE PROCESS AND INSTALLATION |
JPH08310482A (en) * | 1995-05-18 | 1996-11-26 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Substitute gas feeding part structure of storage tank in transport ship |
JP2001032998A (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2001-02-06 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Gas replacement method for large tank and tank structure using it |
NO324883B1 (en) * | 2001-12-03 | 2007-12-27 | Statoil Asa | Vessel |
JP2004125039A (en) * | 2002-10-01 | 2004-04-22 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Co2 transporting method, fluid storing device, plug shooting device, plug recovering device, and fluid storing method |
JP4781032B2 (en) * | 2005-07-20 | 2011-09-28 | 中国電力株式会社 | Gas replacement method and gas replacement device in piping |
GB0614250D0 (en) * | 2006-07-18 | 2006-08-30 | Ntnu Technology Transfer As | Apparatus and Methods for Natural Gas Transportation and Processing |
JP2013193653A (en) | 2012-03-22 | 2013-09-30 | Fukushima Seisakusho:Kk | Inert gas supplying system |
CN104214506B (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2016-03-30 | 株洲新奥燃气有限公司 | A kind of Natural Gas Spherical displacement apparatus and method of replacing thereof |
CN104279421B (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2016-04-13 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | The nitrogen replacing system of LNG storage tank |
KR101788751B1 (en) * | 2015-01-23 | 2017-10-20 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | A vessel with an engine in a hull |
CN106801787A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-06-06 | 江林言 | A kind of inflating gas cylinder system of use prepressing type gas-liquid displacement |
KR101885710B1 (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2018-08-06 | 한국가스공사 | Anchor structure of liquefied gas storage tank |
CN207005706U (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2018-02-13 | 中海石油海南天然气有限公司 | A kind of cold cabin gas displacement exhaust system of LNG carrier |
KR102177273B1 (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2020-11-10 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | Gas Replacement System of Liquefied Gas Storage Tank and Ship having the same |
-
2019
- 2019-12-19 JP JP2019228934A patent/JP7377094B2/en active Active
-
2020
- 2020-09-08 EP EP20903202.8A patent/EP4079622B1/en active Active
- 2020-09-08 KR KR1020227019988A patent/KR20220093241A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2020-09-08 CN CN202080086732.0A patent/CN114787029B/en active Active
- 2020-09-08 DK DK20903202.8T patent/DK4079622T3/en active
- 2020-09-08 WO PCT/JP2020/033961 patent/WO2021124622A1/en unknown
- 2020-09-08 AU AU2020409191A patent/AU2020409191B2/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN114787029A (en) | 2022-07-22 |
KR20220093241A (en) | 2022-07-05 |
AU2020409191A1 (en) | 2022-06-30 |
EP4079622A1 (en) | 2022-10-26 |
EP4079622A4 (en) | 2023-01-18 |
CN114787029B (en) | 2024-02-20 |
DK4079622T3 (en) | 2024-03-11 |
WO2021124622A1 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
AU2020409191B2 (en) | 2024-05-16 |
JP2021095066A (en) | 2021-06-24 |
JP7377094B2 (en) | 2023-11-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP4079622B1 (en) | A method for switching the type of gases loaded on a ship | |
EP4184052A1 (en) | Ship | |
WO2022249799A1 (en) | Ship | |
WO2022249792A1 (en) | Ship | |
EP4316971A1 (en) | Watercraft | |
EP4056886B1 (en) | Gas replacement method | |
EP4299431A1 (en) | Vessel | |
KR20210014246A (en) | Liquefied gas carrier | |
AU2020409190A1 (en) | Ship | |
JP2009061823A (en) | Apparatus and method for filling/replacing inert gas in ballast tank of liquid tanker | |
WO2024058060A1 (en) | Ammonia treatment system, floating body | |
JP7365992B2 (en) | Liquefied carbon dioxide transfer method, floating body | |
JP2022103048A (en) | Gas treatment system and ship | |
KR20210143540A (en) | Fuel gas supply system | |
JP3022396U (en) | Nitrogen gas supply device for storage tank of liquid cargo for ships | |
KR20230033197A (en) | Vessel propelled to ammonia | |
KR20180040213A (en) | Aparratus and method for removing the by-product of a metal fuel tank for a submarine |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20220614 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
A4 | Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched |
Effective date: 20221219 |
|
RIC1 | Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant |
Ipc: F17C 13/00 20060101ALI20221213BHEP Ipc: F17C 6/00 20060101ALI20221213BHEP Ipc: B63B 25/08 20060101AFI20221213BHEP |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20230913 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DK Ref legal event code: T3 Effective date: 20240304 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602020026235 Country of ref document: DE |