CN114787029A - Ship with a detachable cover - Google Patents

Ship with a detachable cover Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114787029A
CN114787029A CN202080086732.0A CN202080086732A CN114787029A CN 114787029 A CN114787029 A CN 114787029A CN 202080086732 A CN202080086732 A CN 202080086732A CN 114787029 A CN114787029 A CN 114787029A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
tank
gas
carbon dioxide
ammonia
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202080086732.0A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN114787029B (en
Inventor
石田聪成
森本晋介
小形俊夫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Shipbuilding Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Shipbuilding Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Shipbuilding Co Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Shipbuilding Co Ltd
Publication of CN114787029A publication Critical patent/CN114787029A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN114787029B publication Critical patent/CN114787029B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/14—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed pressurised
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
    • B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
    • B63J2/12—Heating; Cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
    • F17C2225/046—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid
    • F17C2225/047—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0121—Propulsion of the fluid by gravity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F17C2227/044—Methods for emptying or filling by purging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F17C2260/044—Avoiding pollution or contamination
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/05—Improving chemical properties
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/01—Purifying the fluid
    • F17C2265/015—Purifying the fluid by separating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)

Abstract

A ship is provided with: a hull; a tank which is provided in the hull and stores one of ammonia and carbon dioxide; a supply line for supplying the other of ammonia and carbon dioxide to the tank; a discharge line configured to discharge a mixed gas in which one of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide stored in the tank and the other of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide supplied from the supply line into the tank are mixed when the other of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide is supplied into the tank through the supply line; and a water tank which is provided in the hull, stores water, and introduces the mixed gas discharged from the discharge line.

Description

Ship with a detachable cover
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a ship.
The present application claims priority to japanese patent application No. 2019-228934, which was filed in japan on 12/19/2019, and the contents thereof are incorporated herein by reference.
Background
A tank for storing liquefied gas is installed in a ship or the like for transporting liquefied gas. In such a tank, when the tank is opened for maintenance or the like, in order to prevent the liquefied gas remaining in the tank from coming into contact with oxygen, the tank is first filled with an inert gas, and then the inert gas in the tank is sometimes replaced with air or the like (for example, see patent document 1).
Prior art documents
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2013-193653
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention
In a tank for storing the liquefied gas, the type of gas stored in the tank may be switched. At this time, a defective phenomenon may occur due to contact between the residual gas of the first gas stored in the tank before switching and the second gas stored in the tank after switching. As an example of the undesirable phenomenon, a solid substance or the like is generated by a chemical reaction between the first gas and the second gas. Further, the first gas may be mixed into the second gas, and the first gas may remain in the tank after the switching. Therefore, when the type of gas stored in the tank is switched, it is necessary to perform an operation of loading the second gas into the tank after replacing the first gas in the tank with the inert gas, as in the case of the inert gas of patent document 1.
However, in the method as described above, when switching the type of the gas loaded into the tank, it is necessary to sequentially perform the steps of discharging the first gas out of the tank, replacing the inert gas in the tank, and loading the second gas into the tank, and therefore, it takes time and labor to switch the type of the gas loaded into the tank. Further, depending on the type of residual gas in the tank, the residual gas cannot be directly released from the tank into the atmosphere, and the residual gas is also difficult to handle.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a ship capable of suppressing time and effort required for an operation of switching the type of gas loaded into a tank.
Means for solving the technical problems
In order to solve the above problem, a ship according to the present invention includes: a hull; a tank which is provided in the hull and stores one of ammonia and carbon dioxide; a supply line configured to supply the other of ammonia and carbon dioxide to the tank; a discharge line that discharges a mixed gas in which one of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide stored in the tank and the other of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide supplied from the supply line into the tank are mixed when the other of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide is supplied into the tank through the supply line; and a water tank which is provided in the hull, stores water, and introduces the mixed gas discharged from the discharge line.
Effects of the invention
According to the ship of the present invention, the type of gas loaded into the tank can be effectively switched, and the time and effort required for the operation can be reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a plan view showing a schematic structure of a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side sectional view showing a state in which liquefied carbon dioxide is loaded in a tank of a ship to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
Fig. 3 is a side sectional view showing a state in which liquefied ammonia is loaded in a tank of a ship to which the embodiment of the present invention is applied.
Fig. 4 is a side sectional view showing a state where ammonia gas remains in a tank from which liquefied ammonia is discharged in the ship according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a side sectional view showing a state where liquefied carbon dioxide is supplied to a tank and a mixed gas is sent into a water tank in the ship according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a side sectional view showing a state where carbon dioxide gas remains in a tank that discharges liquefied carbon dioxide in the ship according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a side sectional view showing a state where liquefied ammonia is supplied to a tank and a mixed gas is sent into a water tank in the ship according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, a ship according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 7.
(hull structure of ship)
The ship 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention shown in fig. 1 and 2 can selectively transport liquefied carbon dioxide and liquefied ammonia, for example. The ship 1 includes at least a hull 2, a tank 21, an upper supply line 32, a lower supply line 33 as a supply line, a discharge line 35, and a water tank 50.
(Structure of the hull)
As shown in fig. 1, the hull 2 includes a pair of sides 3A and 3B constituting an outer shell thereof, a bottom (not shown), and a deck 5. The sides 3A and 3B include a pair of side outer plates forming port and starboard sides, respectively. The bottom (not shown) is provided with a bottom outer plate connecting these sides 3A, 3B. The hull 2 has a U-shaped cross section perpendicular to the bow-to-stern direction Da by the pair of sides 3A and 3B and the bottom (not shown). The deck 5 illustrated in this embodiment is an all-through deck exposed to the outside. In the hull 2, an upper structure 7 having a residential area is formed on the deck 5 on the stern 2b side.
A cargo loading section (cargo hold) 8 is formed in the hull 2 on the side closer to the bow 2a than the superstructure 7. The cargo loading section 8 is recessed downward from the bottom (not shown) of the ship with respect to the deck 5, and is opened upward.
(construction of the jar)
A plurality of tanks 21 are disposed in the cargo mounting section 8. In this embodiment, a total of 7 tanks 21 are arranged in the cargo-carrying section 8, for example. The layout and the number of the tanks 21 in the cargo-carrying section 8 are not limited at all. In this embodiment, each tank 21 is, for example, a cylindrical shape extending in the horizontal direction (specifically, the fore-aft direction). The tank 21 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be a spherical shape.
(Structure of supply line)
As shown in fig. 2, an upper supply line 32 and a lower supply line 33 are provided in each tank 21.
The upper supply line 32 reaches the inside of the tank 21 from the outside of the tank 21. An opening 32a opened at the top in the tank 21 is formed at the tip of the upper supply line 32. Here, the upper portion in the tank refers to a region on the upper end side of the tank 21 with respect to the center of the tank 21 in the ship height direction (in other words, the vertical direction of the tank 21) in the region in the tank 21, and can lift the top portion of the tank 21, for example. An opening/closing valve 32v is provided in the upper supply line 32. A discharge line 35 is branched from the upper supply line 32.
The lower supply line 33 reaches the inside of the tank 21 from the outside of the tank 21. An opening 33a that opens at the bottom in the tank 21 is formed at the tip of the lower supply line 33. Here, the lower portion in the tank 21 refers to a region on the lower end side of the tank 21 with respect to the center of the tank 21 in the ship height direction in the region in the tank 21, and is able to lift the bottom portion of the tank 21, for example. An opening/closing valve 33v is provided in the lower supply line 33.
(Structure of discharge line)
The discharge line 35 discharges the gas containing at least one of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide stored in the tank 21 to the outside of the tank 21 when the type of the gas loaded into the tank 21 is switched. One end side of the discharge line 35 branches from the upper supply line 32. An opening/closing valve 35v is provided in the pipe line 35.
(Structure of sink)
The water tank 50 is provided in the hull 2 (refer to fig. 1). The water tank 50 may be, for example, a ballast tank provided within the hull 2. The water tank 50 is provided so as to be able to store water W therein. The water W stored in the water tank 50 may be seawater. The other end of the discharge line 35 is disposed in the water tank 50. Thereby, the gas discharged from the tank 21 through the discharge line 35 is introduced into the water W in the water tank 50.
The water tank 50 illustrated in this embodiment is provided with a heating unit 52. The heating unit 52 is configured to heat the water W in the water tank 50. For example, components (carbon dioxide or ammonia) contained in the gas discharged from the tank may chemically react with the water W, and a substance (for example, ammonium carbonate) generated by the chemical reaction may be dissolved in the water W in the water tank 50. In this case, the water W in the water tank 50 is heated by the heating unit 52, and can be separated into the components (carbon dioxide, ammonia, and water) before the chemical reaction.
Further, a separated gas discharge line 53 is connected to the water tank 50 illustrated in this embodiment. The separated gas discharge line 53 allows the gas containing the components separated by the heating unit 52 to be discharged overboard.
(Loading and discharging of liquefied gas into tank)
Either one of the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc and the liquefied ammonia La is selectively loaded into the above-described tank 21.
When the ship 1 repeatedly transfers only one of the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc and the liquefied ammonia La, the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc and the liquefied ammonia La are loaded into the tank 21 as follows.
(Loading of liquefied carbon dioxide into tank)
As shown in fig. 2, a pipe (not shown) for supplying liquefied carbon dioxide Lc from a liquefied carbon dioxide supply facility or the like outside the ship is connected to the lower portion supply line 33 in order to load liquefied carbon dioxide Lc into the tank 21. The opening/closing valve 33v is opened, and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is sent from the outboard to the lower portion supply line 33. Then, liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is loaded into tank 21 through opening 33 a. In this way, the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is stored in the tank 21. Further, at an upper portion in the tank 21, a carbon dioxide gas Gc in which a part of the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is gasified exists. The opening/closing valve 32v may be opened to load the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc into the tank 21 through the upper supply line 32.
(Loading of liquefied Ammonia into tank)
As shown in fig. 3, a pipe (not shown) for supplying liquefied ammonia La from an off-board liquefied ammonia supply facility or the like is connected to the lower supply line 33 in order to load liquefied ammonia La into the tank 21. The opening/closing valve 33v is opened, and liquefied ammonia La is sent from the outside of the ship to the lower portion supply line 33. Then, liquefied ammonia La is loaded into tank 21 through opening 33 a. Thus, liquefied ammonia La is stored in the tank 21. Further, ammonia gas Ga in which a part of liquefied ammonia La is vaporized is present in the upper part of the tank 21. The opening/closing valve 32v may be opened to load the liquefied ammonia La into the tank 21 through the upper supply line 32.
(gas replacement from liquefied Ammonia to liquefied carbon dioxide)
When the liquefied gas loaded into the tank 21 is replaced with liquefied carbon dioxide from liquefied ammonia, first, the liquefied ammonia La in the tank 21 is discharged to a liquefied ammonia recovery facility or the like outside the ship. In order to discharge the liquefied ammonia La stored in the tank 21, the opening/closing valve 33v is opened, and the liquefied ammonia La is pumped out of the tank 21 through the lower supply line 33 by a cargo pump (not shown), for example. Thereby, the liquefied ammonia La in the tank 21 is discharged to a liquefied ammonia recovery facility or the like outside the ship through the lower supply line 33.
After the liquefied ammonia La in the tank 21 is discharged, as shown in fig. 4, the ammonia gas Ga remains in the tank 21.
Next, as shown in fig. 5, the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is supplied to the lower part of the tank 21. In order to supply the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc to the tank 21, the opening/closing valve 33v is opened, and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is sent from the outboard to the lower portion supply line 33. Liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is loaded into tank 21 from opening 33 a. The specific gravity of the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is larger than that of the ammonia gas Ga in the tank 21. Therefore, the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc fed into the tank 21 is stored in the lower part of the tank 21. Ammonia gas Ga is stored in tank 21 above liquefied ammonia La. Also, a carbon dioxide gas Gc generated by gasifying the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is stored in the upper portion of the tank 21. That is, when liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is supplied into tank 21, a mixed gas Gm of ammonia gas Ga and carbon dioxide gas Gc is stored in the upper portion of tank 21.
As described above, when the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is fed into the tank 21, the on-off valve 35v provided in the discharge line 35 is opened. When the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is continuously supplied to the lower portion of the tank 21, the mixed gas Gm of the ammonia gas Ga and the carbon dioxide gas Gc in the upper portion of the tank 21 is pushed up in the tank 21 as the amount of the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc in the tank 21 increases. The mixture gas Gm pushed up flows into the upper supply line 32 through an opening 32a opened at the upper portion in the tank 21. The mixed gas Gm flowing into the upper supply line 32 is introduced into the water W in the water tank 50 through the discharge line 35.
Then, ammonia (NH) as a component contained in the mixed gas Gm3) And carbon dioxide (CO)2) Is released into water W and passes through water W (H)2O) a chemical reaction takes place. Then, solid ammonium carbonate ((NH) is produced by the chemical reaction4)2CO3) Or ammonium hydrogen carbonate (NH)4·HCO3). The generated ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate is stored in the water tank 50 in a state of being dissolved in the water W.
Further, in the initial stage of starting the supply of the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc into the tank 21, if only the ammonia gas Ga is discharged from the upper portion of the tank 21 to the upper supply line 32 instead of the mixed gas Gm, the ammonia gas Ga is not supplied to the water tank 50, but can be recovered by an ammonia gas recovery facility or the like provided outboard of the ship through the upper supply line 32.
When a predetermined amount of liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is stored in the tank 21, the opening and closing valves 33v and 35v are closed. This completes the operation of replacing the liquefied gas loaded into the tank 21 from the liquefied ammonia La to the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc.
(gas replacement from liquefied carbon dioxide to liquefied ammonia)
When the liquefied gas loaded into the tank 21 is replaced with liquefied ammonia from liquefied carbon dioxide, first, the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc in the tank 21 is discharged to a liquefied carbon dioxide recovery facility or the like outside the ship. In order to discharge the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc stored in the tank 21, the opening/closing valve 33v is opened, and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is pumped out of the tank 21 through the lower portion supply line 33 by a cargo pump (not shown), for example. Thereby, the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc in the tank 21 is discharged to a liquefied carbon dioxide recovery facility or the like outside the ship through the lower supply line 33.
After the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc in the tank 21 is discharged, as shown in fig. 6, a carbon dioxide gas Gc remains in the tank 21.
Next, as shown in fig. 7, liquefied ammonia La is supplied to the lower portion of the tank 21. In order to supply the liquefied ammonia La to the tank 21, the opening/closing valve 33v is opened, and the liquefied ammonia La is sent from the outboard to the lower supply line 33. Then, liquefied ammonia La is loaded into tank 21 through opening 33 a.
The specific gravity of the liquefied ammonia La is larger than the specific gravity of the carbon dioxide gas Gc in the tank 21. Therefore, the liquefied ammonia La fed into the tank 21 is stored in the lower part of the tank 21. The carbon dioxide gas Gc is stored above the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc in the tank 21. Also, ammonia gas Ga generated by vaporizing liquefied ammonia La is stored in the upper portion of the tank 21. That is, when liquefied ammonia La is supplied into the tank 21, a mixed gas Gm of carbon dioxide gas Gc and ammonia gas Ga is stored in the upper part of the tank 21.
As described above, when the liquefied ammonia La is fed into the tank 21, the on-off valve 35v provided in the discharge line 35 is opened. When the liquefied ammonia La is continuously supplied to the lower portion of the tank 21, the mixed gas Gm of the carbon dioxide gas Gc and the ammonia gas Ga in the upper portion of the tank 21 is pushed up in the tank 21 as the amount of the liquefied ammonia La in the tank 21 increases. The mixture gas Gm pushed up flows into the upper supply line 32 through an opening 32a opened at the upper portion in the tank 21. The mixed gas Gm flowing into the upper supply line 32 is introduced into the water W in the water tank 50 through the discharge line 35.
Then, ammonia (NH) as a component contained in the mixed gas Gm3) And carbon dioxide (CO)2) Is released into water W and passes through water W (H)2O) a chemical reaction takes place. Then, solid ammonium carbonate ((NH) is generated by the chemical reaction4)2CO3) Or ammonium hydrogen carbonate (NH)4·HCO3). The generated ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate is stored in the water tank 50 in a state of being dissolved in the water W.
In the initial stage of starting the supply of the liquefied ammonia La into the tank 21, if only the carbon dioxide gas Gc is discharged from the upper portion of the tank 21 to the upper supply line 32 instead of the mixed gas Gm, the carbon dioxide gas Gc is not supplied to the water tank 50 but can be directly recovered by a carbon dioxide recovery facility or the like provided outside the ship or released outside the ship.
When a predetermined amount of liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is stored in the tank 21, the opening and closing valves 33v and 35v are closed. This allows the liquefied gas loaded into the tank 21 to be replaced from liquefied carbon dioxide Lc to liquefied ammonia La.
(thermal decomposition treatment of Water in tank)
As described above, the water W in the water tank 50 can be thermally decomposed by operating the heating unit 52. When heater 52 is operated, water W in which ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate is dissolved is heated. When the water W in the water tank 50 is heated to, for example, 58 ℃ or higher, the ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate is thermally decomposed into ammonia, carbon dioxide, and water W. The thermally decomposed ammonia and carbon dioxide are discharged to a treatment facility or the like provided overboard through a separated gas discharge line 53 or the like.
(Effect)
The ship 1 of the above embodiment includes: a tank 21 in which one of ammonia gas Ga and carbon dioxide gas Gc remains (is stored); a lower portion supply line 33 for supplying the other of the liquefied ammonia La and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc into the tank 21; a discharge line 35 that discharges a mixed gas obtained by mixing a gas vaporized from the other of the liquefied ammonia La and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc with one of the ammonia gas Ga and the carbon dioxide gas Gc remaining in the tank 21 when the other of the liquefied ammonia La and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is supplied from the lower portion supply line 33; and a water tank 50 into which the mixed gas discharged from the discharge line 35 is introduced.
In this configuration, when the other of the liquefied ammonia La and the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is supplied into the tank 21 in which the one of the ammonia gas Ga and the carbon dioxide gas Gc remains through the lower portion supply line 33, the mixed gas in which the ammonia and the carbon dioxide gas are mixed is discharged from the tank 21. The mixed gas is introduced into the water tank 50 through the discharge line 35 and released into the water W. Then, in the tank 21, ammonia, carbon dioxide and water are brought into contact to chemically react with each other, thereby producing ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate. These ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate are dissolved in water W and stored. Thus, when switching the gas type, there is no need to discharge the gas or product discharged from the tank 21 overboard. That is, even when it is difficult to release the gas discharged from the tank 21 into the atmosphere, the operation of switching the gas type can be performed. As a result, the type of gas loaded into the tank 21 can be efficiently switched, and the time and effort required for the operation of switching the gas type can be reduced.
The ship 1 of the above embodiment further includes: a heating unit 52 that heats the water W in the water tank 50; and a separated gas discharge pipe 53 for discharging the gas separated from the water W by heating the water W by the heating portion 52.
In such a configuration, when the gas type is switched, the water W in the water tank 50 in which the product generated by the chemical reaction of the mixed gas and water is dissolved can be heated by the heating portion 52. Therefore, ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate dissolved in the water W can be thermally decomposed to separate gases such as carbon dioxide gas and ammonia gas from the water W. Then, the gas separated from the water W in the water tank 50 can be discharged from the separated gas discharge line 53, and therefore, the gas separated from the water W can be treated at an appropriate timing regardless of the operating state of switching the gas type, for example.
(other embodiments)
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to the embodiments, and design changes and the like are included within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention.
In the above embodiment, the water tank 50 is provided with the heating unit 52, but the heating unit 52 may be provided in an overboard treatment facility or the like. In this case, the water W in the water tank 50 is discharged overboard with the components or products contained in the gas discharged from the discharge line 35 dissolved therein, and is treated by an overboard treatment facility or the like.
Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the discharge line 35 is branched and connected to the upper supply line 32 is exemplified, but the upper supply line 32 may be omitted and the discharge line 35 may be directly connected to the tank 21.
In the above embodiment, the case where the liquefied ammonia La or the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc is supplied from the lower portion of the tank 21 into the tank 21 through the lower portion supply line 33 has been described, but the present invention is not limited to the lower portion, and the liquefied ammonia La or the liquefied carbon dioxide Lc may be supplied from the upper portion or the center of the tank 21 into the tank 21, for example.
< appendix memory >
The ship 1 described in the embodiment is grasped as follows, for example.
(1) The ship 1 according to claim 1 includes: a hull 2; a tank 21 that is provided in the hull 2 and stores one of ammonia and carbon dioxide; a supply line 33 for supplying the other of ammonia and carbon dioxide into the tank 21; a discharge line 35 configured to discharge a mixed gas in which one of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide stored in the tank 21 is mixed with the other of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide supplied into the tank 21 from the supply line 33 when the other of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide is supplied into the tank 21 through the supply line 33; and a water tank 50 which is provided in the hull 2, stores water W, and introduces the mixed gas discharged from the discharge line 35.
When the type of gas loaded into the tank 21 is switched, the ship 1 supplies one of ammonia and carbon dioxide into the tank 21 in which the other of ammonia and carbon dioxide is stored through the supply line 33. Then, a mixed gas of ammonia and carbon dioxide is discharged from the discharge line 35. The mixed gas discharged from the tank 21 is sent to the water tank 50 through a discharge line 35. The mixed gas fed into the tank 21 is contacted with water W, for example, to produce ammonium carbonate or ammonium hydrogen carbonate as a product. The product is dissolved in water W by introduction into a water tank 50.
In this way, when the type of gas loaded into tank 21 is switched, the mixed gas discharged from tank 21 can be chemically reacted with water W and stored in water tank 50. Thus, when switching the gas type, there is no need to discharge the gas or product discharged from the tank 21 overboard. That is, even when it is difficult to release the gas discharged from the tank 21 into the atmosphere, the operation of switching the gas type can be performed. As a result, the type of gas loaded into the tank 21 can be effectively switched, and the time and effort required for the operation of switching the gas type can be reduced.
(2) The ship 1 according to claim 2 is the ship 1 according to (1), including: a heating unit 52 that heats the water W in the water tank 50; and a separated gas discharge line 53 for discharging the gas separated from the water W by heating the water W by the heating part 52.
This allows the water W in the water tank 50 in which the product is dissolved to be heated. Therefore, ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate dissolved in the water W can be thermally decomposed to separate gases such as carbon dioxide gas and ammonia gas from the water W. Further, since the gas separated from the water W in the water tank 50 can be discharged from the separated gas discharge line 53, the gas separated from the water W can be treated at an appropriate timing regardless of the operation state of, for example, switching the type of gas in the tank 21.
Industrial applicability
According to the ship of the present invention, the type of gas loaded into the tank can be effectively switched, and the time and effort required for the operation can be reduced.
Description of the symbols
1-ship, 2-hull, 2 a-bow, 2B-stern, 3A, 3B-topside, 5-deck, 7-superstructure, 8-cargo-carrying section, 21-tank, 32-topside supply line, 32 a-opening, 32 v-opening and closing valve, 33-supply line, 33-lower supply line (supply line), 33A-opening, 33 v-opening and closing valve, 35-discharge line, 35 v-opening and closing valve, 50-water tank, 52-heating section, 53-separated gas discharge line, Da-bow-stern direction, Ga-ammonia gas, Gc-carbon dioxide gas, Gm-mixed gas, La-liquefied ammonia, Lc-liquefied carbon dioxide, W-water.

Claims (2)

1. A ship is provided with:
a hull;
a tank which is provided in the hull and stores one of ammonia and carbon dioxide;
a supply line configured to supply the other of ammonia and carbon dioxide to the tank;
a discharge line configured to discharge a mixed gas in which one of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide stored in the tank and the other of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide supplied from the supply line into the tank are mixed when the other of the ammonia and the carbon dioxide is supplied into the tank through the supply line; and
and a water tank which is provided in the hull, stores water, and introduces the mixed gas discharged from the discharge line.
2. The ship according to claim 1, comprising:
a heating unit that heats the water in the water tank; and
a separated gas discharge line that discharges the gas separated from the water by heating the water by the heating portion.
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