Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K3/00—Details of windings
  • H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
  • H02K3/50—Fastening of winding heads, equalising connectors, or connections thereto
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K3/00—Details of windings
  • H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
  • H02K3/38—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation around winding heads, equalising connectors, or connections thereto
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K2203/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the windings
  • H02K2203/09—Machines characterised by wiring elements other than wires, e.g. bus rings, for connecting the winding terminations

Definitions

• Stator comprising an interconnector
• the technical field of the invention relates to a rotating electrical machine, in particular for a motor vehicle, in which the installation of the interconnector is simplified.
• the invention finds applications in the field of rotating electrical machines such as alternators or reversible machines that can operate as an electric generator or an electric motor.
• rotating electrical machines comprise a stator and a rotor secured to a shaft.
• the rotor may be integral with a driving and / or driven shaft and may belong to a rotating electric machine in the form of an alternator, an electric motor or a reversible machine of the alternator-starter type capable of operating in two modes.
• the stator is mounted in a housing configured to rotate the shaft on bearings via bearings.
• the rotor is for example of the “claw rotor” type and comprises two pole wheels each having claws nested in one another to form the poles and a core around which a rotor coil is wound.
• the rotor comprises a body formed by a stack of metal sheets held in the form of a package by means of a suitable fixing system.
• the rotor has poles formed for example by permanent magnets housed in cavities formed in the magnetic mass of the rotor.
• the poles are formed by coils wound around the rotor arm.
• Figure 1 shows a package of sheets and a coil of a stator in a perspective view according to the prior art.
• Figure 2 shows part of the package of sheets and the stator winding of Figure 1 in a perspective view.
• Figure 3 shows a stator of Figures 1 and 2 further comprising an interconnector in a perspective view according to the prior art.
• the stator 100 comprises a stator body 110 consisting of a stack of thin sheets forming a ring, the inner face of which is provided with notches 111 open radially inwardly to receive a coil 120 formed by phase windings. These The phase windings of the winding 120 pass through the notches 111 of the stator body and form a chignon 125, 126 on either side of the stator body 110.
• the phase windings of the winding 120 are polyphase windings, connected in a star or in a star.
• each phase winding of the winding forms a phase output 123 and each phase output 123 is connected to an electrical control module and the other end of each phase winding of the winding forms a connection point 122 connected either together in the case of a star assembly forming the neutral point or in the case of a delta assembly to a phase output 123 of another winding.
• the phase windings of the coil 120 are obtained from conductive elements in the form of pins 121.
• a pin 121 has two branches connected by a curved head, or collateral portion, and whose intermediate rectilinear portions, or portions central, are placed in two different notches angularly offset from each other by a predetermined angle.
• the heads of the pins 121 are twisted and form the upper bun 125.
• the phase windings of the coil 120 in this example further comprises an end half pin comprising a single branch.
• the upper bun is provided with the ends of the end half-pins forming the phase outputs and the connection points being in this example neutral points.
• the free ends of the branches of the pins are interconnected, for example by welding, and twisted to form the lower chignon 126 - namely the chignon downstream of the winding.
• each phase winding 120 comprises a reversing pin 130 connecting one end 121a of a pin to an end 121b of another pin of the winding, in particular of the same phase winding 120.
• the reversing pins 130 are located above the upper chignon, that is to say in the axial extension of the coil, so as to connect two pins.
• Each phase winding 120 therefore comprises two ends of windings having a phase output 124 and a connection point 122.
• the winding therefore comprises several ends of winding 124,122.
• the connection point is a neutral point.
• the connection point is a point to connect two separate windings to form the triangle connection.
• the stator winding therefore comprises several connection points 122 and several phase outputs 124 distributed along a periphery of the stator 100.
• the stator 100 generally comprises an electrical connection member, also called interconnector 140 which electrically connects the connection points 122 to each other by avoiding phase outputs 124.
• the interconnector is mounted on the coil. It comprises at least one trace having trace ends which are each electrically connected to one of the neutral points 122 of the winding, in order to connect them together.
• the bulk of the interconnector creates a proximity between the casing (not shown) and the track ends in particular. Such proximity generates a risk of contact between the housing and the trace ends leading to a short circuit.
• the assembly of the interconnector with the coil requires precise positioning, in particular radially of the interconnector as well as axially and angularly and good holding in position of said member throughout the duration of the assembly process with neutral points 122, which makes the manufacturing process difficult.
• the radial direction is the direction transverse to the X axis of the machine, and the axial direction is the direction of the X axis of the machine.
• axial surface will be understood to mean a surface which extends parallel to the axis of the machine.
• the axial surface can for example be cylindrical or flat.
• Radial surface will be understood to mean a surface which extends in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the machine.
• end of the winding is meant one end of a conductor of the winding, for example a phase, a neutral, or even one end of a conductor changing the repeated profile of the winding as the end of a half. reversal pin.
• the inner element will be understood as being the element closest to the axis and the outer element as being the element furthest from the axis.
• the lower surface will be the surface axially closest to the coil and the upper surface will be the surface axially furthest from the coil.
• the invention provides a solution for maintaining the radial play between the interconnector and the housing in particular, and for facilitating the operation of assembling the interconnector with the coil.
• the applicant proposes a stator for a rotating electrical machine in which the interconnector comprises means for positioning and maintaining in position for the assembly operation.
• the invention relates to a stator for a rotating electrical machine comprising a stator body, a winding comprising at least one chignon projecting axially from the body of the stator and winding ends extending from the body of the stator, an interconnector mounted on the winding, interconnector comprising an insulating body and traces comprising trace ends extending from the insulating body, the winding ends being assembled at the trace ends, characterized in that the interconnector comprises also at least one means for positioning in a radial direction of the interconnector on the coil.
• the positioning and maintenance of the interconnector against the winding both ensures the necessary radial play between the track ends and the housing, and helps maintaining the interconnector, in particular radially and angularly during assembly, for example by welding.
• stator according to one aspect of the invention may have one or more additional characteristics among the following, considered individually or in any technically possible combination:
• the bun comprises a support portion, the positioning means being a first positioning wall, at least part of the first positioning wall being in radial support on the support portion.
• the interconnector is positioned axially above the bun, said first positioning wall extending at least partially in axial projection from the insulating body towards the bun, the axial projecting portion being in radial abutment on an axial end portion of the chignon forming the bearing portion.
• the axial end portion of the bun comprises reversal pins, the first positioning wall being radially supported on at least one pin.
• a second positioning wall can be supported on the same pin.
• the interconnector comprises at least three track ends and a second wall, so that the positioning walls and the track ends are angularly alternated along the interconnector.
• the interconnector is symmetrical with respect to a plane containing the X axis and angularly intersecting the interconnector in its middle and a plane transverse to the X axis and axially cutting the interconnector.
• the positioning means is a positioning lug extending radially from the interconnector body, the lug being adapted to cooperate with a tool for holding the interconnector in position on the coil.
• the interconnector comprises several positioning pins.
• the invention also relates to a rotating electrical machine comprising a stator as described above.
• the invention also relates to a method of assembling an interconnector with a winding of a stator in which the interconnector comprises an insulating body, traces comprising trace ends extending from the insulating body, and at least a wall for positioning in an interconnector radial direction on the winding, and the stator comprises a stator body, and a winding comprising at least one bun projecting axially from the stator body and winding ends extending from the body of the stator, the method comprising the steps of positioning the interconnector on the winding by positioning the wall in radial abutment on a bearing portion of the chignon of the winding, assembling at least one end of the winding with a trace end.
• the invention also relates to a method of assembling an interconnector with a winding of a stator in which the interconnector comprises an insulating body, traces comprising trace ends extending from the insulating body, and at least one locating pin extending radially from the interconnector body in a radial direction of interconnector on the coil, the stator comprising a stator body, and a coil comprising at least one chignon projecting axially from the coil.
• stator body and winding ends extending from the stator body comprising the steps of positioning the interconnector on the winding by assembling the lug with a tool for holding the interconnector in position on the winding, 'assembling at least one winding end with a trace end, then removing the tool.
• Figures 1, 2 and 3, already described, show a perspective view and a partial view of a stator winding according to the prior art
• FIG. 4 shows a partial perspective view of a stator of a rotating electrical machine according to one embodiment of the invention
• Figure 5 shows a perspective view of an interconnector according to a first embodiment
• FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of an interconnector according to a variant of the first embodiment
• Figure 7 shows a perspective view of an interconnector according to a second embodiment of the invention.
• the interconnector is a neutral point interconnector comprising two tracks, an insulating body molded in an electrically insulating material partially on the tracks and is described in detail below, with reference to accompanying drawings.
• the interconnector may comprise only one trace and may be an inverted interconnector whose trace ends are connected to two half-pins to form an inverted pin connected to two other pins of a winding or even be an interconnector of phase to connect two phase outputs of one winding having a star connection.
• the neutral point interconnector is called the interconnector.
• the rotary electrical machine illustrated in Figure 4 comprises a stator A of axis X comprising a stator body 1 through which conductors forming phase windings of a winding 2 of the stator A.
• the conductors are for example pins.
• the winding could also be wired.
• the coil 2 comprises at each end of the stator body 1, an upper chignon 21 A and a lower chignon 21 B (not shown).
• the winding 2 of the stator A comprises winding ends 22 (not mentioned in the figures) extending axially beyond the upper chumble 21 A from the body of the stator 1, thus passing through the upper chumble 21 A.
• the coil 2 is for example a star coil.
• the ends of the winding 22 include neutral points 22N and phase outputs 22P.
• the winding could also be a triangle winding.
• each end of coil 22 forming a phase output 22P is connected to a terminal 220p to be connected to an electronic power unit but can also be connected directly by welding to another interconnector power for example.
• the ends of the coil 22 forming the phase outputs 22P in particular project axially from the interconnector 3 and are further isolated by an insulator 221.
• an interconnector 3 is mounted in the extension of the chignons 21 A.
• the interconnector 3 is preferably positioned in the axial extension of the upper chumble 21 A to limit the radial bulk, it being understood that off-center positions can be considered for advantages other than bulk.
• the interconnector 3 comprises one or more electrically conductive elements called traces 30, for example copper, molded in an electrically insulating material forming an insulating envelope called insulating body 31.
• interconnector 3 comprises two traces 30 each having two ends of trace 300.
• Figure 4 shows in more detail the ends of traces 300 of each of the traces 30 extending radially out of said insulating body 31 to each form the connection output with a neutral point 22N of a three-phase system.
• the phase windings of the stator form, at each of their ends, a neutral winding point 22N, and these neutral points are connected to each other through interconnector 3.
• each end of the trace 300 extends radially outside the body 31, forming an angle of the order of 90 ° with the insulating body 31.
• Each trace end 300 is connected, for example by laser welding or electric welding, to a neutral point 22N. This radial extension of the trace ends 300 makes it possible to avoid any risk of damage to the insulating body 31 during neutral point welding operations.
• Trace end 300 may include a layer of brazing filler alloy 301 to facilitate soldering between trace end 300 and winding end 22.
• a 22N neutral point can be connected between the ends of traces 300 of two neighboring traces. As shown in this example, the two trace ends 300 adjacent to the two traces 30, extend substantially parallel to one another outside the insulating body 31. One of the three coil ends forming a neutral point 22N is located between these two neighboring trace ends 300. The two ends of neighboring tracks 300 are spaced apart by a thickness of one winding end, in this case by a thickness of a neutral point pin or more to ensure assembly. The other two trace ends 300 furthest from each other are each connected to a corresponding 22N neutral point. A welding operation, for example electric or laser, ensures the electrical connection between the neutral point 22N and each of the ends of traces 300.
• the insulating body 31 of the interconnector 3 made of electrically insulating and heat-resistant material of the winding can be positioned, as in the example illustrated, resting on the upper bun 21 A of the stator.
• the insulating body 31 comprises an upper radial bearing surface and a lower radial bearing surface, the lower surface 310 being in contact with the bun.
• Such a positioning of the interconnector on the chignon of the winding makes it possible to limit the bulk generated by the presence of the interconnector 3 and to limit the vibrations generated on said interconnector by the rotating electrical machine.
• the insulating body 31 also advantageously comprises an inner axial surface and an outer axial surface, the trace ends 300 extending from the outer axial surface.
• the positioning means 35 is a positioning wall. Such a wall is illustrated in FIG. 5. Said positioning wall 35 extends radially from the body of the interconnector 31. The wall extends projecting axially from the body of the interconnector 31 at least towards the surface of the wall. lower support 310, in a projecting portion 350. The wall may optionally extend in axial projection on either side of the body 31. The wall advantageously extends radially from the outer axial surface of the body 31 of the interconnector.
• the projecting portion 350 comprises a bearing portion 3500, illustrated in Figure 4, in radial abutment on a bearing portion of the bun 230.
• the supporting portion of the bun 230 is for example a portion of reversal pin 23.
• the bearing portion 3500 has an axial surface which bears radially on an axial surface of the pin.
• the lower radial surface 310 of the body of the interconnector bears axially on a radial surface of the pin 230.
• the positioning wall 35 is for example advantageously molded with the interconnector body.
• the positioning wall 35 bears radially on an axial surface of an end portion of the bun forming a bearing portion 230 and the insulating body 31 bears axially on a radial surface of an end portion of the bun 21A.
• interconnector 3 comprises two positioning walls 35, 35 'of which at least a projecting portion of a positioning wall 350 comprises a support portion 3500, as illustrated in FIG. 4 having an axial surface in radial bearing on an axial surface of a bearing portion 230 of the bun.
• the upper chignon 21 A comprises two support portions 230 by three-phase system, formed by two of the three reversal pins 23 of the three-phase system.
• Each positioning wall 35, 35 ' comprises a bearing portion 3500 bearing radially on an axial surface of the bearing portion 230 of the corresponding pin.
• each of the six coil ends forming a neutral point 22N is assembled at at least one end of the interconnector trace
• two small interconnectors angular extension are used instead of a single interconnector of greater angular extension.
• Each small interconnector is used to connect one of the two three-phase systems.
• the two interconnectors 3 are positioned substantially on either side of the circumference of the upper bun 21A, as illustrated in Figure 4, each connecting three neutral points 22N.
• Each interconnector 3 is advantageously symmetrical with respect to a plane containing the X axis and angularly intersecting the interconnector 3 in its middle and a plane transverse to the X axis and axially intersecting the interconnector 3.
• the traces 30, the track ends 300, the insulating body 31, the positioning means 35 are symmetrical with respect to a plane containing the X axis and angularly intersecting the interconnector in its middle and a plane transverse to the X axis and axially intersecting the interconnector.
• the two small interconnectors can thus be interchanged. Furthermore, since the interconnector 3 is reversible, the mounting of the interconnector on the coil will therefore be simplified.
• each of the interconnectors 3 are symmetrical with respect to a radial plane, one of the two radial surfaces 310 being in axial abutment against the two bearing portions 230 of the two pins of inversion 23, as described above.
• Each positioning wall 35 is symmetrical with respect to a radial plane passing through the middle of the height measured axially of interconnector 3.
• interconnector 3 can be mounted on either side to connect to the point neutral 22N of a three-phase system on the chignon.
• two positioning means 35 they are also symmetrical with respect to one another with respect to an axial plane passing in the middle between the opposite track ends 300, that is to say angularly cutting the interconnector in the middle.
• the interconnector can be mounted on either side of the bun.
• interconnector 3 comprises at least one positioning means 35 formed by a pair of positioning walls 35a and 35b.
• the walls 35a and 35b are symmetrical with respect to each other with respect to the radial plane intersecting the interconnector body at the middle of its axial height. The symmetry described above for the interconnector is thus preserved. [0073] At the assembly of the interconnector 3 with the coil 2, only one of the two walls 35a or 35b of a pair has its projecting portion 350 in contact with the support portion 230 of the bun. Each wall of the pair extends radially from the outer axial surface of the insulating body and projects axially from the body 31 of the G interconnector.
• interconnector 3 comprises two positioning means 35, 35 "or two pairs of walls 35a, 35b and 35'a, 35'b.
• the two pairs are symmetrical with respect to each other with respect to an axial plane passing through the middle between the opposite trace ends 300.
• the positioning means is a positioning lug 36 extending radially from the axial surface of the body 31 of the interconnector.
• the lug advantageously extends for example from the outer axial surface of the body, that is to say on the same side as the track ends 300.
• the lug 36 comprises a shape, for example an opening, adapted to cooperate with a tool for maintaining the interconnector in position on the coil.
• the lug 36 can also be symmetrical in a radial plane to allow interconnector 3 to be taken in two ways.
• the interconnector can also include two symmetrical positioning pins with respect to an axial plane to allow it to be taken with two branches of a tool in two ways, which makes it possible to simplify the manufacture of the stator.
• the support of the wall positioning 35 on the bearing portion 230 ensures the clearance between the casing in which the stator is mounted and the track ends. This avoids a risk of short-circuit.
• the lower radial surface 310 of the insulating body 31 is also positioned against the radial surface 230 of two reversing pins 23.
• the interconnector 3 thus positioned is advantageously wedged and positioned radially and axially which limits the risk of offset between interconnector 3 and winding during assembly.
• the three winding ends forming the neutral points 22N of a three-phase system are assembled by connecting each of the two neutral points 22N furthest angularly from each other of the three-phase system to the trace ends 300 furthest angularly apart. one from the other and in that the neutral point 22N located between the other two neutral point 22N is connected to the two ends of traces closest to one another.
• interconnector 3 comprises at least one positioning lug 36
• interconnector 3 is positioned on the coil 2 by assembling the lug 36 with a tool for maintaining and positioning the interconnector 3 on the coil . Then the assembly between the trace ends 300 and the neutral points 22N is made before removing the tool.
• the lug extending radially from the body of the interconnector may advantageously be replaced by a hole axially drilled in the body of the G interconnector.
• phase outputs 22P and interconnector 3 is for example identical to that described except in this respect. that it comprises a single trace and two ends of traces making it possible to connect two phase windings together to form the triangle connections.
• the reversing pins 23 can be produced by two conductors each comprising one end of the winding 22 connected to one another via an interconnector such as as described except in that it comprises a single trace and two ends of traces.
• the conductors can be half-pins like those comprising neutral points and phases.
• the rotary electrical machine according to the invention comprises various variants, modifications and improvements which will be evident to those skilled in the art, it being understood that these variants, modifications and improvements form part of the scope of the invention, as defined by the claims which follow.
• the invention will of course not be limited to pin winding, and can be applied to any type of winding.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
• Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=72088166

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Family Cites Families (8)

• 2019
  • 2019-12-20 FR FR1915099A patent/FR3105644B1/fr active Active
• 2020
  • 2020-12-17 JP JP2022537501A patent/JP7466648B2/ja active Active
  • 2020-12-17 US US17/782,838 patent/US20230006494A1/en active Pending
  • 2020-12-17 CN CN202080084706.4A patent/CN114830500A/zh active Pending
  • 2020-12-17 EP EP20824274.3A patent/EP4078779A1/de active Pending
  • 2020-12-17 WO PCT/EP2020/086722 patent/WO2021122959A1/fr unknown

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