EP4073432B1 - Burner with removable fluid ejection device - Google Patents

Description

Technical field of the invention

The invention relates to an industrial burner. In particular, the invention relates to an industrial burner equipped with a removable fluid, in particular air, ejection device. More specifically, the invention relates to an industrial burner equipped with a removable ejection device, this burner being capable of operating in an environment whose temperature is greater than or equal to 1000°C.

Technical background

Burners are used in many industries. They are a critical element in many industrial installations.

A burner comprises a fluid ejection device arranged at its end. This fluid ejection device allows the ejection of at least one oxidizer and at least one fuel onto a hearth, which is the seat of the combustion reaction.

The ejection speeds of the fluids at the outlet of the ejection device is an important parameter of the burners. When a burner is purchased, it is designed so that the end fluid ejection velocities meet the user's needs. Industrial burners capable of operating in high temperature environments are equipped with an outer casing designed for this purpose. For example, when the outer envelope is a concrete, it is poured around the ejection device, making the latter integral with the outer casing and not removable. A burner having the characteristics of the preamble of claim 1 is known from the document EN 2861452 A1 .

A disadvantage of these burners designed in this way is that they are then not or little scalable. In order to modify the parameters of the burner, the user can modify the adjustment parameters, for example the flow rate or the pressure of the fluids. However, these modifications of settings only allow modest evolutions, which significantly limits the adaptability to the changing needs of the end user.

Another disadvantage of these burners is that the fluid ejection device cannot be easily removed for maintenance operations due to their design. Thus, the replacement of parts in the ejection device proves to be a particularly tedious and costly operation. Indeed, it is necessary to destroy part of the burner to replace the ejection device. Another drawback of these burners lies in the fact that the distribution of the fluids is sometimes heterogeneous on the periphery of the burner at the distal end. In other words, the ejection speed of the fluids can be different on the periphery of the burner, depending on the ejection point considered. This has an undesirable impact on the hearth and on the process.

The invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks.

Summary of the invention

To this end, it is proposed firstly burner comprising an outer casing defining an interior space, said outer casing comprises a distal end intended to be located from the side of a hearth, the burner comprising a device for ejecting a removable fluid arranged at the distal end, the burner comprising a support arranged at the distal end, the ejection device comprising a crown provided with several zones receiving area and several fluid ejection inserts, each receiving area being capable of receiving a fluid ejecting insert, the crown being movable between a locking position in which the crown is secured to the support and a position of unlocking in which the crown can be separated from the support.

Such a burner provided with an ejection device advantageously allows easy maintenance, since it is not necessary to destroy the outer casing to remove the ejection device and replace it. Another advantage of such a removable ejection device is that it becomes possible to adapt it to the changing needs of the user by modifying the characteristics of said ejection device.

• le support est fixé à l'enveloppe extérieure ;
• chaque insert d'éjection est rapporté et monté de manière amovible dans une zone d'accueil de la couronne ;
• chaque insert d'éjection comporte un corps définissant une canalisation d'éjection de fluide, ladite canalisation d'éjection de fluide étant reliée de manière fluidique à une source de fluide située dans l'espace intérieur de l'enveloppe extérieure ;
• brûleur dans lequel :
  • le support présente une forme sensiblement annulaire et comporte une face extérieure solidaire de l'enveloppe extérieure et une face intérieure opposée à la face extérieure et destinée à venir en contact avec la couronne, ledit support comportant plusieurs pions de verrouillage faisant saillie de la face intérieure,
  • la couronne présente une forme sensiblement annulaire, et comporte un bord extérieur destiné à venir en contact de la face intérieure du support, ladite couronne ayant une pluralité d'encoches de verrouillage se présentant sous la forme de rainures pratiquées dans le bord extérieur,
  brûleur dans lequel les pions de verrouillage sont aptes et destinés à être logés dans les encoches de verrouillage de façon à verrouiller la couronne au support ;
• chaque insert d'éjection comprend une portion d'insertion apte à être insérée dans une zone d'accueil de la couronne, et une portion élargie située à l'extérieure des zones d'accueil de la couronne et venant en butée sur une face proximale de ladite couronne, ladite face proximale étant située du côté de l'espace intérieur ;
• la portion élargie des inserts d'éjection, est située dans l'espace intérieur ;
• la portion élargie est apte à être reliée de manière fluidique à la source de fluide ;
• dans au moins une partie dudit brûleur, ladite partie comprenant l'extrémité distale, est apte à évoluer dans un environnement dont la température est supérieure ou égale à 1000 °C ;
• l'enveloppe extérieure est faite d'un matériau comprenant du béton réfractaire.

Various additional features may be provided singly or in combination:

• the support is fixed to the outer casing;
• each ejection insert is attached and removably mounted in a reception area of the crown;
• each ejection insert comprises a body defining a fluid ejection pipe, said fluid ejection pipe being fluidically connected to a source of fluid located in the interior space of the outer casing;
• burner in which:
  • the support has a substantially annular shape and comprises an outer face integral with the outer casing and an inner face opposite the outer face and intended to come into contact with the crown, said support comprising several locking pins projecting from the inner face,
  • the ring has a substantially annular shape, and comprises an outer edge intended to come into contact with the inner face of the support, said ring having a plurality of locking notches in the form of grooves made in the outer edge,
  burner in which the locking pins are suitable and intended to be housed in the locking notches so as to lock the crown to the support;
• each ejection insert comprises an insertion portion capable of being inserted into a reception zone of the crown, and an enlarged portion situated outside the reception zones of the crown and coming into abutment on a proximal face of said crown, said proximal face being located on the side of the interior space;
• the enlarged portion of the ejection inserts is located in the interior space;
• the widened portion is adapted to be fluidically connected to the source of fluid;
• in at least a part of said burner, said part comprising the distal end, is capable of operating in an environment whose temperature is greater than or equal to 1000° C.;
• the outer casing is made of a material comprising refractory concrete.

Brief description of figures

• [Fig 1] la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une extrémité distale d'un brûleur selon l'invention ;
• [Fig 2] la figure 2 est une vue en perspective éclatée d'une extrémité distale d'un brûleur de la figure 1 et sans enveloppe extérieure ;
• [Fig 3] la figure 3 est une vue en coupe selon un plan III-III de la figure 1.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear during the reading of the detailed description which will follow for the understanding of which reference will be made to the appended drawings in which:

• [ Fig 1 ] there figure 1 is a perspective view of a distal end of a burner according to the invention;
• [ Fig 2 ] there picture 2 is an exploded perspective view of a distal end of a burner of the figure 1 and without an outer casing;
• [ Fig.3 ] there picture 3 is a sectional view according to a III-III plane of the figure 1 .

Detailed description of the invention

On the figure 1 a burner 1 according to the invention is shown. The burner 1 comprises an outer casing 2. The outer envelope 2 defines an interior space 3. The burner 1 comprises a device 4 for ejecting fluid. The fluid ejection device 4 is arranged at a distal end 5 of the outer casing 2 . More concisely, the ejection device 4 is arranged in the interior space 3. The distal end 5 is located on the side of a hearth 6, which is the site of combustion between an oxidizer and a fuel. The fluid ejection device 4 is removable, that is to say that the ejection device 4 can be, on the one hand removed from the outer casing 2 and on the other hand repositioned in said outer casing 2 .

Such a burner 1 provided with an ejection device 4 advantageously allows easy maintenance, since it is not necessary to destroy the outer casing 2 to remove the ejection device 4 and replace it. Another advantage of such a removable ejection device 4 is that it becomes possible to adapt it to the changing needs of the user by modifying the characteristics of said ejection device 4.

Advantageously, the burner 1 comprises a support 7. The support 7 is arranged at the distal end 5 . The support 7 is fixed to the outer casing 2. The ejection device 4 is attached and removably mounted in the support 7.

Such an assembly makes it easier to install and remove the ejection device 4.

Advantageously, the ejection device 4 comprises a crown 8. The crown 8 comprises several reception areas 9 . The reception zones 9 are in the form of orifices passing through the crown 8 on either side.

Advantageously, the ejection device 4 comprises several inserts 10 for ejecting fluid. The ejection inserts 10 are able to be housed in the reception areas 9 .

Each fluid ejection insert 10 comprises a body 11 defining a pipe 12 for fluid ejection. The fluid ejection pipe 12 is fluidically connected to a source 23 of fluid located in the interior space 3 of the outer casing 2 . The fluid source 23 is for example a pipe 23 carrying a fluid or even a fluid distributor common to all the ejection pipes 12, in the form of an annular space.

In the embodiment shown in the drawings, fluid source 23 delivers air. However, the invention applies to any fluid.

By connecting the fluid ejection inserts 10 to the source 23 of fluid, rather than directly to the passages made in the crown 8, maintenance operations are facilitated.

Advantageously, each ejection insert 10 is removably mounted in a reception zone 9 of the crown 8.

This architecture, comprising fluid ejection inserts 10 separate from crown 8 and removable, advantageously facilitates maintenance operations. Another advantage is that different ejection inserts 10 can be used in substitution, in order to increase or reduce the speed, the pressure or to modify the angle of the fluid which passes through the ejection insert 10. In addition, it is possible for the ejection pipe 12 to have various cross-section shapes, for example a cloverleaf, triangle or even square shape.

Advantageously, crown 8 is movable between a locking position in which crown 8 is integral with support 7 and an unlocking position in which crown 8 can be separated from support 7.

This makes it possible to facilitate the removal and assembly operations, a single operator being sufficient to remove the crown 8 from the support 7 and vice versa.

In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the locking is of the “bayonet” type. Clockwise rotation of crown 8 secures said crown 8 to support 7. Counterclockwise rotation of crown 8 separates said crown 8 from support 7. Other locking and unlocking modes may be implemented.

Advantageously, the support 7 has a substantially annular shape. The support 7 comprises a plurality of cooling holes 13 arranged in an annular fashion. A cooling fluid is injected into the cooling holes 13 to cool the support 7. The support 7 comprises an outer face 14 in contact with the outer casing 2 and an inner face 15 opposite to said outer face 14 . The inner face 15 is intended to come into contact with the crown 8. The support 7 comprises several locking pins 16 . The locking pins 16 protrude from the inner face 15. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the support 7 comprises four locking pins 16. Two successive locking pins 16 define between them an angle of approximately 90°. This angle is measured starting from the center of the support 7.

Advantageously, crown 8 has a substantially annular shape. Crown 8 has an outer edge 17 . This outer edge 17 is intended to cooperate with the inner face 15 of the support 7. The crown 8 comprises a proximal face 18 located on the side of the inner space 3, and a distal face 19 opposite the proximal face 18.

Advantageously, the crown 8 has four notches 20 for locking. These locking notches 20 are in the form of grooves made in the outer edge 17 . A different type of locking can be considered.

The locking pins 16 are able and intended to be housed in the notches 20 for locking. The locking notches 20 open on the proximal face 18 of the crown 8 so as to allow entry of the locking pins 20 into said locking notches 20 .

Such a locking system has the advantage of having good resistance to high pressures and temperatures, in particular due to the expansion of the materials. Another advantage is that it does not require the use of tools for locking and unlocking the crown.

Advantageously, each ejection insert 10 comprises an insertion portion 21 and a widened portion 22 . The widened portion 22 is adjacent to the insertion portion 21. The insertion portion 21 and the widened portion 22 has a substantially circular shape. The enlarged portion 22 has a diameter greater than the insertion portion 21 and also a diameter greater than the diameter of the reception areas 9 of the crown 8. The diameter of the insertion portion 21 is slightly greater than the diameter of the areas 9 reception so that the mounting of the ejection inserts 10 in said reception zones 9 is done in a tight manner, that is to say by inserting the ejection inserts 10 with force inside said zones 9 reception. The widened portion 22 is located outside the reception zones 9 of the crown 8. The widened portion 22 comes into abutment on the proximal face 18 of the crown 8. Thus the widened portion 22 is located in the space 3 inside the outer casing 2.

This architecture ensures good mechanical strength to the ejection device 4. Indeed, the ejection inserts 10 are positioned in abutment on the proximal face 18, which makes it possible to avoid any exit of the ejection inserts 10 from the crown 8 under the effect of the pressure of the fluids.

Advantageously, the enlarged portion 22 is adapted to be fluidically connected to the source 23 of fluid.

By connecting the ejection inserts 10 to the source 23 of fluid, it becomes possible to improve the adaptability of the burner 1. The replacement of the ejection inserts 10 by other ejection inserts, having an identical external diameter but a pipe 12 for ejecting a different fluid makes it possible to adapt the burner 1 to the changing needs of the user. In addition, it is quite possible to install ejection inserts having a different ejection pipe 12 depending on the position of said ejection insert on the crown. This makes it possible to obtain a uniform fluid ejection speed at the outlet of the ejection inserts, on the periphery of the crown.

Advantageously, at least a part of the burner 1 comprising the distal end 5, is capable of operating in an environment whose temperature is greater than or equal to 1000°C.

Such a burner 1 can advantageously be used in a cement kiln.

The outer casing 2 is advantageously made of refractory concrete, which allows the burner 1 to evolve in environments where the temperatures are typically higher than 1200°C.

Advantageously, the fluid ejection pipe 12 has a flared section from the insertion portion 21 towards the widened portion 22.

Such a fluid ejection pipe 12 makes it possible to reduce the pressure drops and therefore to improve the energy efficiency of the burner 1.

Claims (10)

1. A burner (1) comprising an outer casing (2) defining an inner space (3), said outer casing (2) comprises a distal end (5) intended to be located on the side of a hearth (6), the burner (1) comprising a device (4) for ejecting a removable fluid arranged at the distal end (5), the burner (1) comprises a support (7) arranged at the distal end (5), characterized in that the ejection device (4) comprises a ring (8) provided with a plurality of receiving zones (9) and a plurality of fluid ejection inserts (10), each receiving zone (9) being able to receive a fluid ejection insert (10), the ring (8) being movable between a locked position in which the ring (8) is secured to the support (7) and an unlocked position in which the ring (8) can be separated from the support (7).
2. The burner (1) according to claim 1, wherein the support (7) is attached to the outer casing (2).
3. The burner (1) according to either of claims 1 or 2, wherein each ejection insert (10) is added and removably mounted in a receiving zone (9) of the ring (8).
4. The burner (1) according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein each ejection insert (10) comprises a body (11) defining a fluid ejection pipe (12), said fluid ejection pipe (12) being fluidically connected to a fluid source (23) located in the interior space (3) of the outer casing (2).
5. The burner (1) according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein:

   - the support (7) has a substantially annular shape and comprises an outer face (14) secured to the outer casing (2) and an inner face (15) opposite the outer face (14) and intended to come into contact with the ring (8), said support (7) comprising a plurality of locking pins (16) projecting from the inner face (15),

   - the ring (8) has a substantially annular shape, and comprises an outer edge (17) intended to come into contact with the inner face (15) of the support (7), said ring (8) having a plurality of locking slots (20) in the form of grooves formed in the outer edge (17),
   the burner (1), wherein the locking pins (16) are adapted and intended to be housed in the locking slots (20) so as to lock the ring (8) to the support (7).
6. The burner (1) according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein each ejection insert (10) comprises an insertion portion (21) capable of being inserted into a receiving zone (9) of the ring (8), and an enlarged portion (22) located outside the receiving zones (9) of the ring (8) and abutting a proximal face (18) of said ring (8), said proximal face (18) being located on the side of the interior space (3).
7. The burner (1) according to claim 6, wherein the enlarged portion (22) of the ejection inserts (10) is located in the interior space (3).
8. The burner (1) according to claim 7, wherein the enlarged portion (22) is adapted to be fluidically connected to the fluid source (23).
9. The burner (1) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein, in at least one part of said burner (1), said part comprising the distal end (5) is capable of moving in an environment of which the temperature is greater than or equal to 1,000°C.
10. The burner (1) according to claim 9, wherein the outer casing (2) is made of a material comprising refractory concrete.

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