EP1873454B1 - Arrangement with bayonet-type connection for gas turbine combustion chamber - Google Patents

Arrangement with bayonet-type connection for gas turbine combustion chamber Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1873454B1
EP1873454B1 EP07110581.1A EP07110581A EP1873454B1 EP 1873454 B1 EP1873454 B1 EP 1873454B1 EP 07110581 A EP07110581 A EP 07110581A EP 1873454 B1 EP1873454 B1 EP 1873454B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bowl
collar
arrangement according
teeth
arrangement
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EP07110581.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1873454A1 (en
Inventor
Dominique Guezengar
Didier Hernandez
Thomas Noel
Michel Zischek
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Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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SNECMA SAS
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Publication of EP1873454A1 publication Critical patent/EP1873454A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/002—Wall structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
    • F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
    • F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
    • F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
    • F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
    • F23R3/12—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex
    • F23R3/14—Air inlet arrangements for primary air inducing a vortex by using swirl vanes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general field of turbomachine combustion chambers. It relates more particularly to an arrangement of a combustion chamber of the type comprising a chamber bottom pierced with at least one circular opening, an injection system associated with the opening and a deflector mounted on the downstream side of the chamber bottom in the opening.
  • annular turbomachine combustion chamber comprises two longitudinal annular walls (an inner wall and an outer wall) which are connected at their respective upstream end by an equally annular transverse wall forming a chamber bottom. It is provided with a plurality of regularly spaced circular openings and in which are mounted systems for injecting an air / fuel mixture to be burned inside the combustion chamber.
  • the fuel is supplied to the injection systems via injectors integral with the turbomachine casing and whose heads are centered on the injection systems.
  • the air it is introduced into each injection system by means of one or more air spirals opening downstream of the head of the fuel injector.
  • a flared bowl downstream is mounted in each opening to ensure a good distribution of the air / fuel mixture in the primary zone of the combustion chamber.
  • a deflector mounted in each opening of the bottom chamber of the downstream side thereof provides thermal protection of the chamber bottom against the high temperatures of the gases from the combustion of the air / fuel mixture in the combustion chamber.
  • the bowl of the injection system with a flange which projects into the interior of the chamber bottom and which extends parallel thereto.
  • a collar has the main function of protecting the injection system against combustion flames in case of decentering of the injection system relative to the chamber bottom.
  • the collar of the bowl which must pass through the opening of the chamber bottom necessarily has a diameter smaller than that of the opening.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is therefore to overcome such drawbacks by proposing an arrangement for a turbomachine combustion chamber which makes it possible on the one hand to prevent one of its component parts from falling inside the chamber. of combustion in case of rupture of a solder or weld, and secondly to have a collar bowl ensuring its thermal protection function regardless of the decentering of the injection system relative to the chamber bottom.
  • the injection system comprises a clamping ring mounted on the upstream side of the chamber bottom and fixed against the sleeve with which they define an annular groove open on the side of the axis of the opening. of the chamber bottom, and an annular bowl mounted in the opening of the chamber bottom, and wherein, according to the invention, the bowl is formed of at least two distinct parts, at least a first portion forming an annular flange adapted to slide radially in the groove formed by the clamping ring and the sleeve and a second bowl flange portion provided with an annular flange extending parallel to the bottom chamber of the downstream side thereof, said first and second parts of the bowl being fixed to one another by means of a dog link.
  • the retraction of the thermal expansion gaps between the casing and the combustion chamber is by sliding of the injection system relative to the chamber bottom.
  • the bowl is made of at least two parts, one of which corresponds to the bowl collar, the latter can be mounted downstream (that is to say, the downstream side of the chamber bottom).
  • this bowl flange a larger diameter than that of the opening of the chamber bottom, so that the thermal protection function of this flange can be assured regardless of the decentering of the injection system relative to the chamber floor.
  • the connection by dog between the two parts of the bowl prevents the bowl collar from colliding with the combustion chamber or the high-pressure turbine in case of rupture of a solder (or solder) for fixing the these two pieces together.
  • the end plate of the bowl has at its downstream end an interlocking ring carrying first teeth spaced circumferentially and projecting radially
  • the bowl flange has an interlocking ring coaxial with that of the flange of the bowl.
  • bowl and bearing second teeth spaced circumferentially and projecting radially, the first and second teeth being spaced apart sufficiently to allow the passage of the first teeth between the second teeth.
  • the arrangement further comprises anti-rotation means for preventing a rotation of the flange of the bowl relative to the bowl flange.
  • These means may consist of a key which passes through the chamber bottom and which engages at one end in a groove of the bowl collar and at another end in a groove of the bowl flange.
  • the first teeth are directed radially inwards and the second teeth are directed radially outwards.
  • the flange of the second portion of the bowl has a length substantially equal to that of the groove formed by the clamping ring and the sleeve.
  • the bowl collar may be pierced with a plurality of ventilation holes opening upstream and opening opposite the collar.
  • the bowl flange may have a shoulder projecting radially outwardly to prevent clogging of the ventilation holes in case of significant off-centering of the injection system relative to the chamber bottom.
  • the bowl flange may be formed of two distinct parts attached to each other by means of a weld or a solder.
  • the invention also relates to a combustion chamber and a turbomachine comprising an arrangement as defined above.
  • the figure 1 partially represents a sectional view of a turbomachine combustion chamber 2 equipped with an arrangement according to the invention.
  • such a combustion chamber 2 is formed of an inner longitudinal annular wall and an outer longitudinal annular wall (these walls are not represented on the figure 1 ), these walls being connected at their respective upstream end by a transverse annular wall 4 forming chamber bottom.
  • the chamber bottom 4 has an upstream side 4a and a downstream side 4b, the latter being directed towards the inside of the combustion chamber 2.
  • the chamber bottom is pierced with a plurality of openings 6 which are regularly spaced apart and each having a substantially circular shape of axis XX.
  • An injection system 8 of an air / fuel mixture is associated with each of these openings 6.
  • a deflector 10 protecting the chamber bottom 4 of the combustion flames is also mounted in each of the openings 6 on the downstream side 4b of the chamber bottom via an annular sleeve 12 projecting from the upstream side.
  • Each injection system 8 has an axis of revolution Y-Y and consists in particular of a fuel injector integral with the turbomachine casing (not shown in the figures).
  • the head 14 of the fuel injector is disposed on the upstream side 4a of the chamber bottom 4 and is centered on the Y-Y axis of the injection system by means of a centering ring 16 which surrounds it.
  • One or more air swirlers 18 optionally provided with a venturi 20 are fixed to the downstream end of the centering ring 16 of the injection system. This or these air swirlers 18 allow air to enter the injection system in a substantially radial direction and to mix with the fuel delivered by the head 14 of the fuel injector. The air / fuel mixture then enters the combustion chamber 2 to be ignited.
  • Each injection system 8 also comprises a so-called pinch ring 22 which is mounted on the upstream side 4a of the chamber bottom 4 and fixed against the sleeve 12 for holding the deflector 10.
  • This pinch ring 22 is centered on the axis XX the opening 6 of the chamber bottom and defines with the sleeve 12 an annular groove 24 which is open on the side of the axis XX.
  • Each injection system 8 further comprises a bowl 26 fixed against the downstream end of the air swirler 18 and whose function is to ensure a good distribution of the air / fuel mixture in the primary zone of the combustion chamber.
  • the bowl 26 is mounted in the corresponding opening 6 of the chamber bottom 4 and is in the general shape of a ring centered on the axis YY of the injection system with in particular a substantially cylindrical portion 26a and another portion 26b which is flared downstream and pierced with a plurality of air introduction holes 28.
  • the bowl 26 further comprises at its downstream end an annular collar 30 which extends parallel to the chamber bottom 4 of the downstream side 4b thereof.
  • This collar has the role of protecting the combustion flame injection system and ensuring the attachment of the injection system by acting as a heat shield.
  • the bowl 26 comprises an annular flange 32 mounted on the upstream side 4a of the chamber bottom 4 and able to slide radially inside the groove 24 formed between the clamping ring 22 and the sleeve 12 for holding the deflector 10.
  • This flange 32 surrounds the cylindrical portion 26a of the bowl being concentric to it.
  • the head 14 of the fuel injector and the entire injection system 8 are slidably mounted relative to the chamber bottom 4 in order to make up for the thermal expansion gaps between the casing and the combustion chamber. With this type of arrangement, the head 14 of the fuel injector therefore remains permanently centered with respect to the injection system 8.
  • the bowl 26 of the injection system 8 is formed of at least two parts distinct from one another, namely at least a first part composed of the annular flange 32 able to slide in the groove 24 and at least a second portion 34 called bowl flange and composed in particular of the cylindrical portion 26a, the flared portion 26b and the collar 30 of thermal protection. Still according to the invention, these first and second parts of the bowl are fixed to each other by means of a dog link described below.
  • the flange 32 of the bowl 26 has at its downstream end an interlocking ring 32a surrounding the cylindrical portion 26a of the bowl and carrying first teeth (or tenons) 36, for example six in the embodiment shown in FIGS. Figures 2 to 4 .
  • These first teeth 36 are regularly circumferentially spaced and protrude radially inwards (that is to say, they are turned towards the axis XX of the opening of the chamber bottom).
  • the first teeth 36 alternate over the entire circumference of the interlocking ring 32a of the flange 32 with notches 37.
  • the circumferential length of the teeth 36 is substantially equal to that of the notches 37 so that with six teeth and six notches, the teeth and the notches each extend at an angle of 30 °.
  • the bowl flange 34 has a snap ring 34a coaxial with that of the flange 32 of the bowl and of smaller diameter than the latter.
  • This ring carries six second teeth 38 regularly spaced circumferentially and projecting radially outwardly. These second teeth 38 also alternate with notches 40 of substantially identical lengths (the second teeth and the notches therefore each extend over an angle of 30 °).
  • the teeth 36 of the flange 32 and the teeth 38 of the bowl flange 34 are sufficiently spaced apart to allow the teeth of the flange to pass between those of the bowl flange (and vice versa).
  • the arrangement according to the invention further comprises anti-rotation means for preventing rotation of the flange 32 of the bowl 26 with respect to the bowl flange 34.
  • these means are formed by a key 42 which passes through the chamber bottom 4 and which engages at one end in an axial groove 44 formed in one of the teeth 38 of the bowl collar 34 ( figure 4 ) and at another end in an axial groove 46 made in one of the teeth 36 of the flange 32 ( figure 3 ).
  • the assembly of the arrangement according to the invention is carried out as follows.
  • the sleeve 12 holding the baffle, the flange 32 of the bowl 26 and the clamping ring 22 are mounted upstream (that is to say by the upstream side 4a of the chamber bottom 4) and fixed to each other. others (solder or solder, for example).
  • the deflector 10 is mounted in the opening 6 of the chamber bottom 4 downstream (that is to say, the downstream side 4b of the chamber bottom) and then fixed to the sleeve 12.
  • the bowl collar 34 is also mounted in the opening 6 downstream (see figures 3 and 4 ).
  • the flange 32 of the bowl and the bowl flange 34 are then rotated so that their grooves 44, 46 for introducing the anti-rotation key are aligned axially.
  • the bowl flange 34 is then rotated a fraction of a turn in such a way that the teeth 36 of the engagement ring 32a of the flange are axially aligned with the notches 40 of the engagement ring 34a of the flange. bowl (and vice versa).
  • the bowl collar must be rotated 30 °.
  • the nesting ring 34a of the bowl flange is then engaged under that of the flange, the first teeth 36 passing between the seconds 38.
  • the bowl flange having thus been engaged, it is rotated 30 ° in the opposite direction of the flange.
  • interlocking rings 32a, 34a respectively of the first part 32 and the second part 34 of the bowl 26 are, in addition to their connection by dog, brazed or welded together.
  • the bowl flange 34 will be retained by its teeth 38 engaged behind those 36 of the flange. Thus, even in the case of solder or defective welding, the bowl flange 34 can not fall into the combustion chamber 2.
  • the assembly process of the parts of the arrangement may vary. Indeed, all the parts can be fixed together by brazing or soldering after their assembly but it is also possible to proceed to the separate assembly of subassemblies of parts which are then fixed together (for example the bottom of the chamber, the deflector and the sheath can form a subset).
  • the flange 30 of this second portion of the bowl may have a diameter greater than that of the opening 6 chamber bottom 4 and thus effectively protect the injection system against combustion flames regardless of the decentering thereof relative to the chamber bottom.
  • FIG. 5 This figure represents one of two possible cases of maximum decentering between the injection system and the chamber bottom.
  • the axis of revolution YY of the injection system is shifted radially as far as possible inwards with respect to the axis XX of the opening of the chamber bottom (in comparison with the arrangement of FIG. figure 1 in which there is no decentering).
  • the diameter of the flange 30 of the second portion 34 of the bowl is such as to cover radially the flange 32 of the injection system to protect it against combustion flames.
  • the length of the collar 30 of the second portion 34 of the bowl is also substantially equal to that of the groove 24 formed between the clamping ring 22 and the sleeve 12 for holding the deflector.
  • the bowl flange 34 is pierced with a plurality of ventilation holes 48 opening upstream and opening opposite the flange 30.
  • Such holes have the function of creating a film of air flowing radially along the downstream side of the deflector to cool the latter.
  • the flange 30 makes it possible to prevent the cooling air from entering directly into the combustion chamber, which would affect the pollution parameters.
  • the interlocking ring 34a of the bowl flange 34 has an annular shoulder 50 projecting radially outwards.
  • a shoulder 50 comes into radial abutment against an inner face of the deflector 10, which avoids in such a situation that the deflector does not block the ventilation holes 48 of the bowl collar.
  • the second portion 34 of the bowl 26 may itself be formed of two parts distinct from each other and fixed to one another by means of a weld or a solder 52 ( figure 1 ).
  • the bowl flange can be divided into a portion provided with the flange 30 and the interlocking ring 34a and in a second portion having the cylindrical portion 26a and the flared portion 26b of the bowl.
  • Such an arrangement makes it easy to make the ventilation holes 48 of the bowl flange 34 by machining.
  • the bowl collar could be made of a one-piece casting part as shown on the drawings. figures 3 and 4 .

Description

Arrière-plan de l'inventionBackground of the invention

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine général des chambres de combustion de turbomachine. Elle vise plus particulièrement un agencement d'une chambre de combustion du type comportant un fond de chambre percé d'au moins une ouverture circulaire, un système d'injection associé à l'ouverture et un déflecteur monté du côté aval du fond de chambre dans l'ouverture.The present invention relates to the general field of turbomachine combustion chambers. It relates more particularly to an arrangement of a combustion chamber of the type comprising a chamber bottom pierced with at least one circular opening, an injection system associated with the opening and a deflector mounted on the downstream side of the chamber bottom in the opening.

De façon générale, une chambre de combustion annulaire de turbomachine comprend deux parois annulaires longitudinales (une paroi interne et une paroi externe) qui sont reliées à leur extrémité amont respective par une paroi transversale également annulaire formant fond de chambre. Celui-ci est muni d'une pluralité d'ouvertures circulaires régulièrement espacées et dans lesquelles sont montés des systèmes d'injection d'un mélange air/carburant destiné à être brûlé à l'intérieur de la chambre de combustion.In general, an annular turbomachine combustion chamber comprises two longitudinal annular walls (an inner wall and an outer wall) which are connected at their respective upstream end by an equally annular transverse wall forming a chamber bottom. It is provided with a plurality of regularly spaced circular openings and in which are mounted systems for injecting an air / fuel mixture to be burned inside the combustion chamber.

Le carburant est fourni aux systèmes d'injection par l'intermédiaire d'injecteurs solidaires du carter de turbomachine et dont les têtes sont centrées sur les systèmes d'injection. Quant à l'air, il est introduit dans chaque système d'injection au moyen d'une ou plusieurs vrilles d'air débouchant en aval de la tête de l'injecteur de carburant. En outre, un bol évasé vers l'aval est monté dans chaque ouverture afin d'assurer une bonne répartition du mélange air/carburant dans la zone primaire du foyer de combustion. Enfin, un déflecteur monté dans chaque ouverture du fond de chambre du côté aval de celui-ci assure une protection thermique du fond de chambre contre les températures élevées des gaz issus de la combustion du mélange air/carburant dans la chambre de combustion.The fuel is supplied to the injection systems via injectors integral with the turbomachine casing and whose heads are centered on the injection systems. As for the air, it is introduced into each injection system by means of one or more air spirals opening downstream of the head of the fuel injector. In addition, a flared bowl downstream is mounted in each opening to ensure a good distribution of the air / fuel mixture in the primary zone of the combustion chamber. Finally, a deflector mounted in each opening of the bottom chamber of the downstream side thereof provides thermal protection of the chamber bottom against the high temperatures of the gases from the combustion of the air / fuel mixture in the combustion chamber.

Des différences de dilatation thermique existent entre le carter de turbomachine dont sont solidaires les injecteurs de carburant et les parois de la chambre de combustion. Afin de rattraper ces écarts de dilatation, il est donc nécessaire de prévoir un certain degré de liberté entre la chambre de combustion et les systèmes d'injection. A cet effet, il peut être prévu de centrer la tête des injecteurs de carburant sur une traversée coulissante pouvant se déplacer radialement par rapport au système d'injection (on se réfèrera par exemple au document EP 0 833 107 ). Alternativement, dans certaines situations, le défaut de concentricité entre l'injecteur et le système d'injection associé n'est pas acceptable de sorte que le rattrapage des écarts de dilatation doit se faire par coulissement du système d'injection par rapport au fond de chambre. L'invention concerne un agencement de ce dernier type.Differences in thermal expansion exist between the turbomachine casing which are integral with the fuel injectors and the walls of the combustion chamber. In order to make up for these expansion gaps, it is therefore necessary to provide a certain degree of freedom between the combustion chamber and the injection systems. For this purpose, he may be provided to center the head of the fuel injectors on a sliding bushing that can move radially relative to the injection system (reference will be made for example to the document EP 0 833 107 ). Alternatively, in certain situations, the lack of concentricity between the injector and the associated injection system is not acceptable so that the retraction of the expansion gaps must be done by sliding the injection system relative to the bottom of the nozzle. bedroom. The invention relates to an arrangement of the latter type.

Une autre contrainte d'un tel agencement doit être respectée. En cas de rupture d'une des brasures ou soudures par lesquelles les pièces constitutives de l'agencement sont assemblées, il est en effet impératif d'éviter que l'une de ces pièces se détache et tombe à l'intérieur de la chambre de combustion avec le risque de venir endommager la turbine haute-pression montée en sortie de la chambre. Pour parer à une telle éventualité, il est connu de donner aux pièces constitutives de l'agencement un diamètre supérieur à celui de l'ouverture du fond de chambre et de les monter par le côté amont du fond de chambre.Another constraint of such an arrangement must be respected. In case of breakage of one of the solders or welds by which the constituent parts of the arrangement are assembled, it is indeed imperative to prevent one of these parts from falling off and falling inside the chamber of combustion with the risk of damaging the high-pressure turbine mounted at the outlet of the chamber. To counter such an eventuality, it is known to give the constituent parts of the arrangement a diameter greater than that of the opening of the chamber bottom and to mount them by the upstream side of the chamber bottom.

En outre, il est de pratique courante de munir le bol du système d'injection d'une collerette qui fait saillie à l'intérieur du fond de chambre et qui s'étend parallèlement à celui-ci. Une telle collerette a pour fonction principale de protéger le système d'injection contre les flammes de combustion en cas de décentrage du système d'injection par rapport au fond de chambre. Or, avec un agencement dont les pièces constitutives sont montées par l'amont du fond de chambre, la collerette du bol qui doit traverser l'ouverture du fond de chambre présente nécessairement un diamètre inférieur à celui de l'ouverture. Il en résulte qu'en cas de décentrage important du système d'injection par rapport au fond de chambre, la collerette du bol n'assure plus sa fonction de protection thermique contre les flammes de combustion.In addition, it is common practice to provide the bowl of the injection system with a flange which projects into the interior of the chamber bottom and which extends parallel thereto. Such a collar has the main function of protecting the injection system against combustion flames in case of decentering of the injection system relative to the chamber bottom. However, with an arrangement whose constituent parts are mounted upstream of the chamber bottom, the collar of the bowl which must pass through the opening of the chamber bottom necessarily has a diameter smaller than that of the opening. As a result, in case of significant decentering of the injection system relative to the chamber bottom, the collar of the bowl no longer provides its thermal protection function against combustion flames.

Un agencement pour chambre de combustion de turbomachine selon le préambule de la revendication 1 est montré dans FR 2 679 010 .An arrangement for a turbomachine combustion chamber according to the preamble of claim 1 is shown in FR 2 679 010 .

Objet et résumé de l'inventionObject and summary of the invention

La présente invention a donc pour but principal de pallier de tels inconvénients en proposant un agencement pour chambre de combustion de turbomachine qui permet, d'une part d'éviter que l'une de ses pièces constitutives ne tombe à l'intérieur de la chambre de combustion en cas de rupture d'une brasure ou soudure, et d'autre part d'avoir une collerette de bol assurant sa fonction de protection thermique quelque soit le décentrage du système d'injection par rapport au fond de chambre.The main purpose of the present invention is therefore to overcome such drawbacks by proposing an arrangement for a turbomachine combustion chamber which makes it possible on the one hand to prevent one of its component parts from falling inside the chamber. of combustion in case of rupture of a solder or weld, and secondly to have a collar bowl ensuring its thermal protection function regardless of the decentering of the injection system relative to the chamber bottom.

Ces buts sont atteints grâce à un agencement dont le système d'injection comporte une bague de pincement montée du côté amont du fond de chambre et fixée contre le fourreau avec lequel ils définissent une rainure annulaire ouverte du côté de l'axe de l'ouverture du fond de chambre, et un bol annulaire monté dans l'ouverture du fond de chambre, et dans lequel, conformément à l'invention, le bol est formé d'au moins deux parties distinctes, au moins une première partie formant un flasque annulaire apte à coulisser radialement dans la rainure formée par la bague de pincement et le fourreau et une deuxième partie formant collerette de bol munie d'une collerette annulaire s'étendant parallèlement au fond de chambre du côté aval de celui-ci, lesdites première et deuxième parties du bol étant fixées l'une à l'autre au moyen d'une liaison par crabot.These objects are achieved thanks to an arrangement whose injection system comprises a clamping ring mounted on the upstream side of the chamber bottom and fixed against the sleeve with which they define an annular groove open on the side of the axis of the opening. of the chamber bottom, and an annular bowl mounted in the opening of the chamber bottom, and wherein, according to the invention, the bowl is formed of at least two distinct parts, at least a first portion forming an annular flange adapted to slide radially in the groove formed by the clamping ring and the sleeve and a second bowl flange portion provided with an annular flange extending parallel to the bottom chamber of the downstream side thereof, said first and second parts of the bowl being fixed to one another by means of a dog link.

Avec un tel agencement, le rattrapage des écarts de dilation thermique entre le carter et la chambre de combustion se fait par coulissement du système d'injection par rapport au fond de chambre. Comme le bol est réalisé en au moins deux parties dont l'une correspond à la collerette de bol, cette dernière peut être montée par l'aval (c'est-à-dire par le côté aval du fond de chambre). Aussi, il est possible de donner à cette collerette de bol un diamètre plus important que celui de l'ouverture du fond de chambre, de sorte que la fonction de protection thermique de cette collerette peut être assurée quelque soit le décentrage du système d'injection par rapport au fond de chambre. En outre, la liaison par crabot entre les deux parties du bol permet d'empêcher que la collerette de bol ne vienne percuter la chambre de combustion ou la turbine haute-pression en cas de rupture d'une brasure (ou soudure) de fixation de ces deux pièces entre elles.With such an arrangement, the retraction of the thermal expansion gaps between the casing and the combustion chamber is by sliding of the injection system relative to the chamber bottom. As the bowl is made of at least two parts, one of which corresponds to the bowl collar, the latter can be mounted downstream (that is to say, the downstream side of the chamber bottom). Also, it is possible to give this bowl flange a larger diameter than that of the opening of the chamber bottom, so that the thermal protection function of this flange can be assured regardless of the decentering of the injection system relative to the chamber floor. In addition, the connection by dog between the two parts of the bowl prevents the bowl collar from colliding with the combustion chamber or the high-pressure turbine in case of rupture of a solder (or solder) for fixing the these two pieces together.

Selon une disposition de l'invention, le flasque du bol présente à son extrémité aval un anneau d'emboîtement portant des premières dents espacées circonférentiellement et faisant saillie radialement, et la collerette de bol présente un anneau d'emboîtement coaxial à celui du flasque du bol et portant des secondes dents espacées circonférentiellement et faisant saillie radialement, les premières et secondes dents étant suffisamment espacées pour permettre le passage des premières dents entre les secondes dents.According to one embodiment of the invention, the end plate of the bowl has at its downstream end an interlocking ring carrying first teeth spaced circumferentially and projecting radially, and the bowl flange has an interlocking ring coaxial with that of the flange of the bowl. bowl and bearing second teeth spaced circumferentially and projecting radially, the first and second teeth being spaced apart sufficiently to allow the passage of the first teeth between the second teeth.

Selon une autre disposition de l'invention, l'agencement comporte en outre des moyens d'anti-rotation permettant d'empêcher une rotation du flasque du bol par rapport à la collerette de bol.According to another embodiment of the invention, the arrangement further comprises anti-rotation means for preventing a rotation of the flange of the bowl relative to the bowl flange.

Ces moyens peuvent se composer d'une clavette qui traverse le fond de chambre et qui s'engage à une extrémité dans une rainure de la collerette de bol et à une autre extrémité dans une rainure du flasque du bol.These means may consist of a key which passes through the chamber bottom and which engages at one end in a groove of the bowl collar and at another end in a groove of the bowl flange.

Selon encore une autre disposition de l'invention, les premières dents sont dirigées radialement vers l'intérieur et les secondes dents sont dirigées radialement vers l'extérieur.According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the first teeth are directed radially inwards and the second teeth are directed radially outwards.

De préférence, la collerette de la deuxième partie du bol présente une longueur sensiblement égale à celle de la rainure formée par la bague de pincement et le fourreau.Preferably, the flange of the second portion of the bowl has a length substantially equal to that of the groove formed by the clamping ring and the sleeve.

La collerette de bol peut être percée d'une pluralité de trous de ventilation s'ouvrant vers l'amont et débouchant en regard de la collerette. Dans ce cas, la collerette de bol peut présenter un épaulement faisant saillie radialement vers l'extérieur destiné à éviter une obstruction des trous de ventilation en cas d'important décentrage du système d'injection par rapport au fond de chambre.The bowl collar may be pierced with a plurality of ventilation holes opening upstream and opening opposite the collar. In this case, the bowl flange may have a shoulder projecting radially outwardly to prevent clogging of the ventilation holes in case of significant off-centering of the injection system relative to the chamber bottom.

La collerette de bol peut être formée de deux parties distinctes fixées l'une à l'autre au moyen d'une soudure ou d'une brasure.The bowl flange may be formed of two distinct parts attached to each other by means of a weld or a solder.

L'invention a aussi pour objet une chambre de combustion et une turbomachine comportant un agencement tel que défini précédemment.The invention also relates to a combustion chamber and a turbomachine comprising an arrangement as defined above.

Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront de la description faite ci-dessous, en référence aux dessins annexés qui en illustrent un exemple de réalisation dépourvu de tout caractère limitatif. Sur les figures :

  • la figure 1 est une vue partielle et en coupe d'une chambre de combustion comportant un agencement selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en éclaté de l'agencement de la chambre de combustion de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est une autre vue en éclaté montrant l'assemblage du bol de l'agencement selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 4 est encore une autre vue en éclaté montrant le montage de l'anti-rotation entre les deux parties du bol de l'agencement selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue correspondant à celle de la figure 1 dans laquelle le système d'injection est décentré par rapport au fond de chambre; et
  • la figure 6 est une vue partielle et en coupe d'un agencement selon une variante de réalisation de l'invention.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the description given below, with reference to the accompanying drawings which illustrate an embodiment having no limiting character. In the figures:
  • the figure 1 is a partial view in section of a combustion chamber comprising an arrangement according to the invention;
  • the figure 2 is an exploded view of the arrangement of the combustion chamber of the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 3 is another exploded view showing the assembly of the bowl of the arrangement according to the invention;
  • the figure 4 is yet another exploded view showing the mounting of the anti-rotation between the two parts of the bowl of the arrangement according to the invention;
  • the figure 5 is a view corresponding to that of the figure 1 wherein the injection system is off-center with respect to the chamber bottom; and
  • the figure 6 is a partial view in section of an arrangement according to an alternative embodiment of the invention.

Description détaillée d'un mode de réalisationDetailed description of an embodiment

La figure 1 représente partiellement une vue en coupe d'une chambre de combustion de turbomachine 2 équipée d'un agencement selon l'invention.The figure 1 partially represents a sectional view of a turbomachine combustion chamber 2 equipped with an arrangement according to the invention.

De façon bien connue en soi, une telle chambre de combustion 2 est formée d'une paroi annulaire longitudinale interne et d'une paroi annulaire longitudinale externe (ces parois ne sont pas représentées sur la figure 1), ces parois étant reliées à leur extrémité amont respective par une paroi annulaire transversale 4 formant fond de chambre.In a manner well known per se, such a combustion chamber 2 is formed of an inner longitudinal annular wall and an outer longitudinal annular wall (these walls are not represented on the figure 1 ), these walls being connected at their respective upstream end by a transverse annular wall 4 forming chamber bottom.

Le fond de chambre 4 présente un côté amont 4a et un côté aval 4b, ce dernier étant dirigé vers l'intérieur de la chambre de combustion 2. Le fond de chambre est percé d'une pluralité d'ouvertures 6 qui sont régulièrement espacées et qui présentent chacune une forme sensiblement circulaire d'axe X-X. Un système d'injection 8 d'un mélange air/carburant est associé à chacune de ces ouvertures 6.The chamber bottom 4 has an upstream side 4a and a downstream side 4b, the latter being directed towards the inside of the combustion chamber 2. The chamber bottom is pierced with a plurality of openings 6 which are regularly spaced apart and each having a substantially circular shape of axis XX. An injection system 8 of an air / fuel mixture is associated with each of these openings 6.

Un déflecteur 10 protégeant le fond de chambre 4 des flammes de combustion est également monté dans chacune des ouvertures 6 du côté aval 4b du fond de chambre par l'intermédiaire d'un fourreau annulaire 12 faisant saillie du côté amont.A deflector 10 protecting the chamber bottom 4 of the combustion flames is also mounted in each of the openings 6 on the downstream side 4b of the chamber bottom via an annular sleeve 12 projecting from the upstream side.

Chaque système d'injection 8 possède un axe de révolution Y-Y et se compose notamment d'un injecteur de carburant solidaire du carter de turbomachine (non représenté sur les figures). La tête 14 de l'injecteur de carburant est disposée du côté amont 4a du fond de chambre 4 et elle est centrée sur l'axe Y-Y du système d'injection par l'intermédiaire d'une bague de centrage 16 qui l'entoure.Each injection system 8 has an axis of revolution Y-Y and consists in particular of a fuel injector integral with the turbomachine casing (not shown in the figures). The head 14 of the fuel injector is disposed on the upstream side 4a of the chamber bottom 4 and is centered on the Y-Y axis of the injection system by means of a centering ring 16 which surrounds it.

Une ou plusieurs vrilles d'air 18 éventuellement munies d'un venturi 20 sont fixées à l'extrémité aval de la bague de centrage 16 du système d'injection. Ce ou ces vrilles d'air 18 permettent à de l'air de pénétrer dans le système d'injection selon une direction essentiellement radiale et de se mélanger au carburant délivré par la tête 14 de l'injecteur de carburant. Le mélange air/carburant pénètre alors dans la chambre de combustion 2 pour y être enflammé.One or more air swirlers 18 optionally provided with a venturi 20 are fixed to the downstream end of the centering ring 16 of the injection system. This or these air swirlers 18 allow air to enter the injection system in a substantially radial direction and to mix with the fuel delivered by the head 14 of the fuel injector. The air / fuel mixture then enters the combustion chamber 2 to be ignited.

Chaque système d'injection 8 comporte également une bague 22 dite de pincement qui est montée du côté amont 4a du fond de chambre 4 et fixée contre le fourreau 12 de maintien du déflecteur 10. Cette bague de pincement 22 est centrée sur l'axe X-X de l'ouverture 6 du fond de chambre et définit avec le fourreau 12 une rainure annulaire 24 qui est ouverte du côté de l'axe X-X.Each injection system 8 also comprises a so-called pinch ring 22 which is mounted on the upstream side 4a of the chamber bottom 4 and fixed against the sleeve 12 for holding the deflector 10. This pinch ring 22 is centered on the axis XX the opening 6 of the chamber bottom and defines with the sleeve 12 an annular groove 24 which is open on the side of the axis XX.

Chaque système d'injection 8 comporte encore un bol 26 fixé contre l'extrémité aval de la vrille d'air 18 et dont la fonction est d'assurer une bonne répartition du mélange air/carburant dans la zone primaire du foyer de combustion.Each injection system 8 further comprises a bowl 26 fixed against the downstream end of the air swirler 18 and whose function is to ensure a good distribution of the air / fuel mixture in the primary zone of the combustion chamber.

Le bol 26 est monté dans l'ouverture 6 correspondante du fond de chambre 4 et se présente sous la forme générale d'un anneau centré sur l'axe Y-Y du système d'injection avec notamment une portion 26a sensiblement cylindrique et une autre portion 26b qui est évasée vers l'aval et percée d'une pluralité de trous d'introduction d'air 28.The bowl 26 is mounted in the corresponding opening 6 of the chamber bottom 4 and is in the general shape of a ring centered on the axis YY of the injection system with in particular a substantially cylindrical portion 26a and another portion 26b which is flared downstream and pierced with a plurality of air introduction holes 28.

Le bol 26 comporte en outre à son extrémité aval une collerette annulaire 30 qui s'étend parallèlement au fond de chambre 4 du côté aval 4b de celui-ci. Cette collerette a notamment pour rôle de protéger le système d'injection des flammes de combustion et d'assurer la fixation du système d'injection en jouant le rôle de bouclier thermique.The bowl 26 further comprises at its downstream end an annular collar 30 which extends parallel to the chamber bottom 4 of the downstream side 4b thereof. This collar has the role of protecting the combustion flame injection system and ensuring the attachment of the injection system by acting as a heat shield.

Enfin, le bol 26 comporte un flasque annulaire 32 monté du côté amont 4a du fond de chambre 4 et apte à coulisser radialement à l'intérieur de la rainure 24 formée entre la bague de pincement 22 et le fourreau 12 de maintien du déflecteur 10. Ce flasque 32 entoure la portion cylindrique 26a du bol en lui étant concentrique.Finally, the bowl 26 comprises an annular flange 32 mounted on the upstream side 4a of the chamber bottom 4 and able to slide radially inside the groove 24 formed between the clamping ring 22 and the sleeve 12 for holding the deflector 10. This flange 32 surrounds the cylindrical portion 26a of the bowl being concentric to it.

Ainsi, la tête 14 de l'injecteur de carburant et l'ensemble du système d'injection 8 sont montés coulissant par rapport au fond de chambre 4 afin de rattraper les écarts de dilatation thermique entre le carter et la chambre de combustion. Avec ce type d'agencement, la tête 14 de l'injecteur de carburant reste donc en permanence centrée par rapport au système d'injection 8.Thus, the head 14 of the fuel injector and the entire injection system 8 are slidably mounted relative to the chamber bottom 4 in order to make up for the thermal expansion gaps between the casing and the combustion chamber. With this type of arrangement, the head 14 of the fuel injector therefore remains permanently centered with respect to the injection system 8.

Selon l'invention, le bol 26 du système d'injection 8 est formé d'au moins deux parties distinctes l'une de l'autre, à savoir d'au moins une première partie composée du flasque annulaire 32 apte à coulisser dans la rainure 24 et d'au moins une deuxième partie 34 appelée collerette de bol et composée notamment de la portion cylindrique 26a, de la portion évasée 26b et de la collerette 30 de protection thermique. Toujours selon l'invention, ces première et deuxième parties du bol sont fixées l'une à l'autre au moyen d'une liaison par crabot décrite ci-après.According to the invention, the bowl 26 of the injection system 8 is formed of at least two parts distinct from one another, namely at least a first part composed of the annular flange 32 able to slide in the groove 24 and at least a second portion 34 called bowl flange and composed in particular of the cylindrical portion 26a, the flared portion 26b and the collar 30 of thermal protection. Still according to the invention, these first and second parts of the bowl are fixed to each other by means of a dog link described below.

Le flasque 32 du bol 26 présente à son extrémité aval un anneau d'emboîtement 32a entourant la portion cylindrique 26a du bol et portant des premières dents (ou tenons) 36, par exemple au nombre de six dans l'exemple de réalisation représenté aux figures 2 à 4. Ces premières dents 36 sont régulièrement espacées circonférentiellement et font saillie radialement vers l'intérieur (c'est-à-dire qu'elles sont tournées vers l'axe X-X de l'ouverture du fond de chambre).The flange 32 of the bowl 26 has at its downstream end an interlocking ring 32a surrounding the cylindrical portion 26a of the bowl and carrying first teeth (or tenons) 36, for example six in the embodiment shown in FIGS. Figures 2 to 4 . These first teeth 36 are regularly circumferentially spaced and protrude radially inwards (that is to say, they are turned towards the axis XX of the opening of the chamber bottom).

Les premières dents 36 alternent sur toute la circonférence de l'anneau d'emboîtement 32a du flasque 32 avec des encoches 37. Dans l'exemple représenté, la longueur circonférentielle des dents 36 est sensiblement égale à celle des encoches 37 de sorte qu'avec six dents et six encoches, les dents et les encoches s'étendent chacune sur un angle de 30°.The first teeth 36 alternate over the entire circumference of the interlocking ring 32a of the flange 32 with notches 37. In the example shown, the circumferential length of the teeth 36 is substantially equal to that of the notches 37 so that with six teeth and six notches, the teeth and the notches each extend at an angle of 30 °.

De manière identique, la collerette de bol 34 présente un anneau d'emboîtement 34a coaxial à celui du flasque 32 du bol et de diamètre inférieur à ce dernier. Cet anneau porte six secondes dents 38 régulièrement espacées circonférentiellement et faisant saillie radialement vers l'extérieur. Ces secondes dents 38 alternent également avec des encoches 40 de longueurs sensiblement identiques (les secondes dents et les encoches s'étendent donc chacune sur un angle de 30°).Similarly, the bowl flange 34 has a snap ring 34a coaxial with that of the flange 32 of the bowl and of smaller diameter than the latter. This ring carries six second teeth 38 regularly spaced circumferentially and projecting radially outwardly. These second teeth 38 also alternate with notches 40 of substantially identical lengths (the second teeth and the notches therefore each extend over an angle of 30 °).

De la sorte, les dents 36 du flasque 32 et les dents 38 de la collerette de bol 34 sont suffisamment espacées pour permettre le passage des dents du flasque entre celles de la collerette de bol (et vice-versa).In this way, the teeth 36 of the flange 32 and the teeth 38 of the bowl flange 34 are sufficiently spaced apart to allow the teeth of the flange to pass between those of the bowl flange (and vice versa).

L'agencement selon l'invention comporte en outre des moyens d'anti-rotation permettant d'empêcher une rotation du flasque 32 du bol 26 par rapport à la collerette de bol 34.The arrangement according to the invention further comprises anti-rotation means for preventing rotation of the flange 32 of the bowl 26 with respect to the bowl flange 34.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation des figures 3 et 4, ces moyens sont réalisés par une clavette 42 qui traverse le fond de chambre 4 et qui s'engage à une extrémité dans une rainure axiale 44 pratiquée dans l'une des dents 38 de la collerette de bol 34 (figure 4) et à une autre extrémité dans une rainure axiale 46 pratiquée dans l'une des dents 36 du flasque 32 (figure 3).In the exemplary embodiment of figures 3 and 4 these means are formed by a key 42 which passes through the chamber bottom 4 and which engages at one end in an axial groove 44 formed in one of the teeth 38 of the bowl collar 34 ( figure 4 ) and at another end in an axial groove 46 made in one of the teeth 36 of the flange 32 ( figure 3 ).

Le montage de l'agencement selon l'invention s'effectue de la manière suivante. Le fourreau 12 de maintien du déflecteur, le flasque 32 du bol 26 et la bague de pincement 22 sont montés par l'amont (c'est-à-dire par le côté amont 4a du fond de chambre 4) et fixés les uns aux autres (par brasure ou par soudure par exemple). Le déflecteur 10 est quant à lui monté dans l'ouverture 6 du fond de chambre 4 par l'aval (c'est-à-dire par le côté aval 4b du fond de chambre) puis fixé au fourreau 12. La collerette de bol 34 est également montée dans l'ouverture 6 par l'aval (voir figures 3 et 4). Le flasque 32 du bol et la collerette de bol 34 sont ensuite tournés de manière à ce que leurs rainures 44, 46 d'introduction de la clavette d'anti-rotation soient alignées axialement. On tourne alors la collerette de bol 34 d'une fraction de tour de telle manière que les dents 36 de l'anneau d'emboîtement 32a du flasque soient alignées axialement avec les encoches 40 de l'anneau d'emboîtement 34a de la collerette de bol (et réciproquement). Dans l'exemple décrit à six dents et six encoches, la collerette de bol doit donc être tournée de 30°. L'anneau d'emboîtement 34a de la collerette de bol est alors engagé sous celui du flasque, les premières dents 36 passant entre les secondes 38. La collerette de bol ayant ainsi été engagée, elle est tournée de 30° dans le sens inverse du sens précédent de manière à ce que les rainures 44, 46 d'introduction de la clavette soient à nouveau alignées et que les dents 36 du flasque 32 soient engagées derrière les dents 38 de la collerette de bol 34. On introduit alors la clavette 42 dans les deux rainures 44, 46 de façon à immobiliser en rotation la collerette de bol par rapport au flasque du bol. La vrille d'air 18 et la bague de centrage 16 sont ensuite montées par l'amont.The assembly of the arrangement according to the invention is carried out as follows. The sleeve 12 holding the baffle, the flange 32 of the bowl 26 and the clamping ring 22 are mounted upstream (that is to say by the upstream side 4a of the chamber bottom 4) and fixed to each other. others (solder or solder, for example). The deflector 10 is mounted in the opening 6 of the chamber bottom 4 downstream (that is to say, the downstream side 4b of the chamber bottom) and then fixed to the sleeve 12. The bowl collar 34 is also mounted in the opening 6 downstream (see figures 3 and 4 ). The flange 32 of the bowl and the bowl flange 34 are then rotated so that their grooves 44, 46 for introducing the anti-rotation key are aligned axially. The bowl flange 34 is then rotated a fraction of a turn in such a way that the teeth 36 of the engagement ring 32a of the flange are axially aligned with the notches 40 of the engagement ring 34a of the flange. bowl (and vice versa). In the example described with six teeth and six notches, the bowl collar must be rotated 30 °. The nesting ring 34a of the bowl flange is then engaged under that of the flange, the first teeth 36 passing between the seconds 38. The bowl flange having thus been engaged, it is rotated 30 ° in the opposite direction of the flange. preceding direction so that the grooves 44, 46 for introducing the key are aligned again and that the teeth 36 of the flange 32 are engaged behind the teeth 38 of the bowl flange 34. The key 42 is then inserted into the two grooves 44, 46 so as to immobilize in rotation the bowl collar relative to the flange of the bowl. The air swirler 18 and the centering ring 16 are then mounted upstream.

Toutes les pièces constitutives de l'agencement sont finalement fixées les unes aux autres par brasure ou soudure. Notamment, les anneaux d'emboîtement 32a, 34a respectifs de la première partie 32 et la deuxième partie 34 du bol 26 sont, en plus de leur liaison par crabot, brasés ou soudés entre eux.All the constituent parts of the arrangement are finally fixed to each other by brazing or welding. In particular, the interlocking rings 32a, 34a respectively of the first part 32 and the second part 34 of the bowl 26 are, in addition to their connection by dog, brazed or welded together.

On comprend ainsi que, même en cas de rupture de la brasure ou de la soudure de liaison entre les deux parties du bol, la collerette de bol 34 sera retenue par ses dents 38 engagées derrière celles 36 du flasque. Ainsi, même en cas de brasure ou soudure défectueuse, la collerette de bol 34 ne peut pas tomber dans la chambre de combustion 2.It is thus understood that, even in case of breakage of the solder or the bonding weld between the two parts of the bowl, the bowl flange 34 will be retained by its teeth 38 engaged behind those 36 of the flange. Thus, even in the case of solder or defective welding, the bowl flange 34 can not fall into the combustion chamber 2.

On notera que le processus d'assemblage des pièces de l'agencement peut varier. En effet, toutes les pièces peuvent être fixées entre elles par brasure ou soudure après leur montage mais il est également possible de procéder au montage séparé de sous-ensembles de pièces qui sont ensuite fixés entre eux (par exemple le fond de chambre, le déflecteur et le fourreau peuvent former un sous-ensemble).Note that the assembly process of the parts of the arrangement may vary. Indeed, all the parts can be fixed together by brazing or soldering after their assembly but it is also possible to proceed to the separate assembly of subassemblies of parts which are then fixed together (for example the bottom of the chamber, the deflector and the sheath can form a subset).

On notera également que dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré par les figures 2 à 4, les dents 36 du flasque 32 sont dirigées radialement vers l'intérieur et que les dents 38 de la collerette de bol 34 sont dirigées radialement vers l'extérieur. Il est toutefois possible d'envisager une disposition inverse avec un anneau d'emboîtement 34a de la collerette de bol de diamètre supérieur à celui du flasque 32.It will also be noted that in the exemplary embodiment illustrated by the Figures 2 to 4 , the teeth 36 of the flange 32 are directed radially inwardly and the teeth 38 of the bowl flange 34 are directed radially outwardly. However, it is possible to envisage a reverse arrangement with an interlocking ring 34a of the bowl collar of diameter greater than that of the flange 32.

Avec l'agencement selon l'invention, on comprend que compte tenu que la deuxième partie 34 du bol 26 est montée par l'aval, la collerette 30 de cette deuxième partie du bol peut présenter un diamètre supérieur à celui de l'ouverture 6 du fond de chambre 4 et ainsi protéger efficacement le système d'injection contre les flammes de combustion quelque soit le décentrage de celui-ci par rapport au fond de chambre.With the arrangement according to the invention, it is understood that considering that the second portion 34 of the bowl 26 is mounted downstream, the flange 30 of this second portion of the bowl may have a diameter greater than that of the opening 6 chamber bottom 4 and thus effectively protect the injection system against combustion flames regardless of the decentering thereof relative to the chamber bottom.

Notamment, il est possible d'éviter que les flammes de combustion viennent endommager le flasque 32 du bol quelque soit le décentrage du système d'injection 8 par rapport au fond de chambre 4. Cette caractéristique de l'invention est visible sur la figure 5. Cette figure représente l'un des deux cas possibles de décentrage maximum entre le système d'injection et le fond de chambre. En particulier, l'axe de révolution Y-Y du système d'injection est décalé radialement au maximum vers l'intérieur par rapport à l'axe X-X de l'ouverture du fond de chambre (en comparaison avec la disposition de la figure 1 dans laquelle il n'y a pas de décentrage). Dans cette situation, le diamètre de la collerette 30 de la deuxième partie 34 du bol est tel qu'il permet de couvrir radialement le flasque 32 du système d'injection pour le protéger contre les flammes de combustion.In particular, it is possible to prevent the combustion flames from damaging the flange 32 of the bowl, whatever the off-centering of the injection system 8 with respect to the chamber bottom 4. This feature of the invention is visible on the figure 5 . This figure represents one of two possible cases of maximum decentering between the injection system and the chamber bottom. In particular, the axis of revolution YY of the injection system is shifted radially as far as possible inwards with respect to the axis XX of the opening of the chamber bottom (in comparison with the arrangement of FIG. figure 1 in which there is no decentering). In this situation, the diameter of the flange 30 of the second portion 34 of the bowl is such as to cover radially the flange 32 of the injection system to protect it against combustion flames.

Selon une caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, la longueur de la collerette 30 de la deuxième partie 34 du bol est d'ailleurs sensiblement égale à celle de la rainure 24 formée entre la bague de pincement 22 et le fourreau 12 de maintien du déflecteur.According to an advantageous characteristic of the invention, the length of the collar 30 of the second portion 34 of the bowl is also substantially equal to that of the groove 24 formed between the clamping ring 22 and the sleeve 12 for holding the deflector.

Selon une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, la collerette de bol 34 est percée d'une pluralité de trous de ventilation 48 s'ouvrant vers l'amont et débouchant en regard de la collerette 30. De tels trous ont pour fonction de créer un film d'air circulant radialement le long du côté aval du déflecteur afin de refroidir ce dernier. En outre, en guidant l'air radialement, la collerette 30 permet d'empêcher à l'air de refroidissement de pénétrer directement dans le foyer de combustion ce qui affecterait les paramètres de pollution.According to another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the bowl flange 34 is pierced with a plurality of ventilation holes 48 opening upstream and opening opposite the flange 30. Such holes have the function of creating a film of air flowing radially along the downstream side of the deflector to cool the latter. In addition, by guiding the air radially, the flange 30 makes it possible to prevent the cooling air from entering directly into the combustion chamber, which would affect the pollution parameters.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique avantageuse de l'invention, l'anneau d'emboîtement 34a de la collerette de bol 34 présente un épaulement annulaire 50 faisant saillie radialement vers l'extérieur. Ainsi, dans l'autre cas de décentrage maximum du système d'injection 8 par rapport au fond de chambre 4 illustré par la figure 6, un tel épaulement 50 vient en butée radiale contre une face interne du déflecteur 10, ce qui permet d'éviter dans une telle situation que le déflecteur ne bouche les trous de ventilation 48 de la collerette de bol.According to yet another advantageous characteristic of the invention, the interlocking ring 34a of the bowl flange 34 has an annular shoulder 50 projecting radially outwards. Thus, in the other case of maximum decentering of the injection system 8 with respect to the chamber bottom 4 illustrated by the figure 6 , such a shoulder 50 comes into radial abutment against an inner face of the deflector 10, which avoids in such a situation that the deflector does not block the ventilation holes 48 of the bowl collar.

Il est à noter que la deuxième partie 34 du bol 26 peut elle-même être formée de deux parties distinctes l'une de l'autre et fixées l'une à l'autre au moyen d'une soudure ou d'une brasure 52 (figure 1). Par exemple, comme notamment représenté aux figures 1 et 2, la collerette de bol peut être divisée en une partie munie de la collerette 30 et de l'anneau d'emboîtement 34a et en une seconde partie ayant la portion cylindrique 26a et la portion évasée 26b du bol. Un tel arrangement permet de réaliser aisément les trous de ventilation 48 de la collerette de bol 34 par usinage. Alternativement, la collerette de bol pourrait être réalisée en une pièce monobloc de fonderie comme représenté sur les figures 3 et 4.It should be noted that the second portion 34 of the bowl 26 may itself be formed of two parts distinct from each other and fixed to one another by means of a weld or a solder 52 ( figure 1 ). For example, as represented in particular figures 1 and 2 , the bowl flange can be divided into a portion provided with the flange 30 and the interlocking ring 34a and in a second portion having the cylindrical portion 26a and the flared portion 26b of the bowl. Such an arrangement makes it easy to make the ventilation holes 48 of the bowl flange 34 by machining. Alternatively, the bowl collar could be made of a one-piece casting part as shown on the drawings. figures 3 and 4 .

Claims (12)

  1. An arrangement for a turbomachine combustion chamber, the arrangement comprising a chamber end wall (4) pierced by at least one substantially circular opening (6), an injector system (8) associated with the opening, and a deflector (10) mounted on the downstream side (4b) of the chamber end wall in the opening (6) by means of an annulus (12), said injector system (8) comprising:
    a pinch ring (22) mounted on the upstream side (4a) of the chamber end wall (4) and fastened against the annulus (12) together defining an annular groove (24) that is open towards the axis (X-X) of the opening (6) in the chamber end wall; and
    an annular bowl (26) mounted in the opening (6) in the chamber end wall;
    the arrangement being characterized in that said bowl (26) is made up of at least two distinct parts, at least a first part (32) forming an annular end plate suitable for sliding radially in the groove (24) formed by the pinch ring and the annulus, and a second part (34) forming a bowl collar that is provided with an annular collar (30) extending parallel to the chamber end wall on its downstream side, said first and second bowl portions being fastened together by means of a twist-lock coupling.
  2. An arrangement according to claim 1, in which the end plate (32) of the bowl (26) presents at its downstream end an engagement ring (32a) carrying first teeth (36) that are circumferentially spaced apart and that project radially, and the bowl collar (34) presents an engagement ring (34a) coaxial with the engagement ring of the bowl and carrying second teeth (38) that are circumferentially spaced apart and that project radially, the first and second teeth (36, 38) being spaced apart sufficiently to allow the first teeth to pass between the second teeth.
  3. An arrangement according to claim 1 or claim 2,
    further comprising anti-rotation means serving to prevent the bowl end plate (32) from turning relative to the bowl collar (34).
  4. An arrangement according to claim 3, in which the anti-rotation means comprise a key (42) passing through the chamber end wall (4) and engagea at one end in a groove (44) in the bowl collar (34) and at an other end in a groove (46) of the bowl end plate (32).
  5. An arrangement according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
    in which the first teeth (36) are directed radially inwards and the second teeth (38) are directly radially outwards.
  6. An arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
    in which the collar (30) of the second part (34) of the bowl presents a length that is substantially equal to the length of the groove (24) formed by the pinch ring (22) and the annulus (12).
  7. An arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
    in which the bowl collar (34) is pierced by a plurality of ventilation holes (48) opening out upstream and
    leading to points facing the collar (30).
  8. An arrangement according to claim 7, in which the bowl collar (34) presents a shoulder (50) projecting radially outwards for preventing the ventilation holes (48) becoming obstructed in the event of the injector system (8) becoming highly off-center relative to the chamber end wall (4).
  9. An arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
    in which the bowl collar (34) is made up of two distinct parts that are fastened to each other by means of welding or brazing (52).
  10. An arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
    in which the injector system (8) further includes at least one air swirler (18) fastened to the upstream end of the bowl collar (34), and a centering ring (16) fastened to the upstream end of the air swirler and surrounding a fuel injector (14).
  11. A turbomachine combustion chamber including an arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
  12. A turbomachine including an arrangement according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
EP07110581.1A 2006-06-29 2007-06-19 Arrangement with bayonet-type connection for gas turbine combustion chamber Active EP1873454B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0652716A FR2903171B1 (en) 2006-06-29 2006-06-29 CRABOT LINK ARRANGEMENT FOR TURBOMACHINE COMBUSTION CHAMBER

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1873454A1 EP1873454A1 (en) 2008-01-02
EP1873454B1 true EP1873454B1 (en) 2015-01-14

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07110581.1A Active EP1873454B1 (en) 2006-06-29 2007-06-19 Arrangement with bayonet-type connection for gas turbine combustion chamber

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US (1) US7478534B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1873454B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4873737B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2592788C (en)
FR (1) FR2903171B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2435106C2 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2007124388A (en) 2009-01-10
EP1873454A1 (en) 2008-01-02
CA2592788C (en) 2015-09-01
US20080202122A1 (en) 2008-08-28
JP2008008611A (en) 2008-01-17
US7478534B2 (en) 2009-01-20
JP4873737B2 (en) 2012-02-08
RU2435106C2 (en) 2011-11-27
CA2592788A1 (en) 2007-12-29
FR2903171A1 (en) 2008-01-04
FR2903171B1 (en) 2008-10-17

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