EP4069571B1 - Attelage à vis pour accoupler deux véhicules sur rail - Google Patents

Attelage à vis pour accoupler deux véhicules sur rail Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4069571B1
EP4069571B1 EP20812301.8A EP20812301A EP4069571B1 EP 4069571 B1 EP4069571 B1 EP 4069571B1 EP 20812301 A EP20812301 A EP 20812301A EP 4069571 B1 EP4069571 B1 EP 4069571B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
threaded rod
ring
securing ring
screw
coupling
Prior art date
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Application number
EP20812301.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4069571A1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Schüler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voith Patent GmbH
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Voith Patent GmbH
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G1/00—Couplings comprising interengaging parts of different shape or form and having links, bars, pins, shackles, or hooks as coupling means
    • B61G1/22—Couplings comprising interengaging parts of different shape or form and having links, bars, pins, shackles, or hooks as coupling means having screws incorporated in the links for lengthening or shortening the couplings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a screw coupling for coupling two rail vehicles, wherein the rail vehicles have draw hooks or other coupling devices into which the screw coupling with its coupling elements can be hooked or inserted in order to couple the two coupling devices to one another.
  • the invention further relates to an unscrewing protection device for such a screw coupling.
  • Screw couplings are used to couple two rail vehicles together, for example with their draw hooks.
  • the screw couplings each have two coupling elements at their two axial ends. Between the coupling elements there is a threaded rod, also called a spindle, onto which the coupling elements are screwed. This means that the distance between the two coupling elements can be changed by turning the threaded rod and the screw coupling can be tightened between two rail vehicles that are supported on each other, for example via buffers.
  • the coupling elements of the screw couplings usually each have an eyelet that can be pushed over the corresponding draw hook and hooked into it.
  • the present invention can also be used with differently designed screw couplings, for example with transition couplings or mixed train couplings, in which the coupling elements can be designed differently from one another, either in that the eyes have different axial lengths or in that instead of an eyelet another coupling element is provided for connection to a coupling device on a rail vehicle.
  • the present invention can also be used with screw couplings in which both coupling elements do not have an eyelet, but have differently designed coupling elements.
  • screw couplings of this type have an anti-screwing device at each axial end of the threaded rod onto which a coupling element is screwed.
  • a disc welded to the threaded rod and projecting radially beyond the threaded rod is often provided as an anti-screwing device, so that this disc blocks the coupling element from being unscrewed beyond the axial end of the threaded rod.
  • key ring locks are known as unscrewing locks at the axial end of the threaded rod.
  • a spring-loaded wire ring with a slot around its circumference is inserted behind a shim and a ring into a groove at the axial end of the threaded rod so that it protrudes radially outwards from the groove and thus blocks the screwed-on coupling element from being unscrewed beyond the axial end of the threaded rod.
  • the known anti-screwing devices each have disadvantages.
  • heat is introduced into the threaded rod when the disc is welded on.
  • the threaded rod is usually made of high-strength tempering steel. This heat can lead to unfavorable structural changes in the material of the threaded rod and the welding process requires extensive preparation and a specially trained welder, who is usually only available in selected workshops.
  • the publication GB 2 014 265 A discloses a manipulation protection device for preventing only an unauthorized angle adjustment of an adjustment element for a fuel injection pump device, which adjustment element forms a stop and is designed as a threaded rod.
  • This comprises a one-piece elastic ring element that is not closed in the circumferential direction, which is placed in a groove at the end of the threaded rod and is fixed on the outer circumference via a cap element.
  • the cap element only prevents unauthorized access to the threaded rod and thus an adjustment that occurs as a result, but can rotate relative to it in the circumferential direction.
  • EP 2553 277 A1 generally discloses a retaining ring for a captive connection.
  • the retaining ring comprises an outer ring having an outer surface and an inner surface and at least one spring beam element extending from the inner surface of the outer ring; and a centrally located opening dimensioned and shaped to receive a bolt, wherein upon engagement of the bolt in the retaining ring, the at least one spring beam element is displaced and extends radially from from a free position to an extended position so that the bolt can pass through the opening.
  • This type of locking requires a high level of manufacturing effort for the individual elements.
  • the present invention is based on the object of specifying a screw coupling for coupling two rail vehicles, which has a simple structure and at the same time avoids the disadvantages mentioned above. Furthermore, an unscrewing protection device for such a screw coupling is to be specified.
  • the unscrewing protection device should have a simple structure and require as little installation space as possible in order to be able to be integrated into existing screw couplings as a retrofit solution.
  • a screw coupling according to the invention for coupling two rail vehicles has a threaded rod which carries a coupling element in the region of its two axial ends.
  • the threaded rod is preferably designed as a single piece, but in principle a multi-piece threaded rod can also be used, the individual sections of which are connected to one another via an intermediate piece into which the threaded rod sections are screwed with the ends facing one another.
  • At least one of the two coupling elements at the two axial ends of the threaded rod is screwed onto an external thread of the threaded rod.
  • both coupling elements are screwed onto one axial end of the threaded rod.
  • the threaded rod can be rotated to vary the distance between the two coupling elements, because by rotating the threaded rod, this is either screwed further into the coupling element(s) or is unscrewed from the coupling element(s).
  • the ability to rotate the threaded rod also includes rotating the coupling element(s) and holding the threaded rod.
  • At least one axial end of the threaded rod in particular each axial end of the threaded rod onto which a coupling element is screwed, has an unscrewing device, wherein the unscrewing device blocks the coupling element against unscrewing beyond the axial end of the threaded rod.
  • the unscrewing device comprises a groove extending over at least part of the circumference, in particular over the entire circumference, of the threaded rod, into which a locking ring protruding radially from the groove is inserted, wherein the locking ring is interrupted over its circumference at least at one point so that it can be inserted into the groove in a form-fitting manner.
  • a retaining ring which is closed over its circumference and completely encloses the retaining ring is arranged radially on the outside of the retaining ring.
  • the retaining ring prevents the locking ring from expanding in the radial direction after it has been inserted into the groove at the axial end of the threaded rod.
  • the locking ring can therefore no longer slide out of the groove.
  • welding the locking ring to the threaded rod is not necessary, so that a corresponding heat input into the threaded rod is avoided.
  • the locking ring is inserted into the groove freely, i.e. without a material bond to the threaded rod.
  • the locking ring could be attached to the groove by other material bonding measures, for example by gluing. threaded rod. If a large amount of heat can be avoided, even simple welding or tacking can be considered to make installation easier.
  • An unscrewing protection device for such a screw coupling accordingly has a locking ring which is interrupted at least at one point over its circumference and a retaining ring which can be positioned or arranged radially on the outside of the locking ring and is closed over its circumference and which, when arranged on the locking ring, completely encloses it.
  • the retaining ring can be connected to the locking ring in a material-locking manner and is in particular welded to it. Additionally or alternatively, the retaining ring can also be shrink-fitted onto the locking ring. Other form-fitting or material-locking fastenings are possible.
  • the retaining ring is preferably free of a material connection to the threaded rod.
  • the retaining ring is in particular a ring-shaped element, i.e. an element with at least one outer surface running around an axis in the circumferential direction and pointing in the radial direction. This is formed by a surface of any contour running around this axis with a constant radius.
  • the retaining ring is preferably characterized by a width, i.e. extension in the axial direction, which essentially corresponds to that of the locking ring or is slightly larger in the sense of protruding.
  • the unscrewing protection consisting of the retaining ring and locking ring is therefore relatively compact in the radial and axial directions and does not require any additional installation space. This means that it can also be easily retrofitted in existing systems or replace the known solutions.
  • the locking ring comprises several separate ring segments.
  • the locking ring is composed of two separate ring segments, whereby these ring segments can form half-shell elements which can then be inserted into the groove in the threaded rod in a form-fitting manner, together completely or almost completely enclose the threaded rod around the circumference and are held in the groove by sliding the closed retaining ring over it.
  • the at least two-part design is easy to assemble and the individual ring segments remain relatively dimensionally stable even under the influence of torsion.
  • the locking ring is interrupted exactly once around its circumference. It can thus be pushed over the threaded rod into the groove in the manner of a spring ring, particularly transversely to the longitudinal axis of the threaded rod, and is preferably expanded elastically. Once it has been inserted into the groove, particularly snapped into it, the retaining ring can be pushed radially outward onto the locking ring and prevent it from expanding again.
  • the unscrewing device comprises an axial disk which is arranged axially next to the locking ring on the threaded rod and forms an axial contact surface for the locking ring and the retaining ring. Accordingly, the axial disk projects beyond the locking ring in the radial direction, so that the retaining ring arranged on the locking ring can be supported on the axial disk in the axial direction.
  • the axial disk can be positioned in the groove together with the locking ring.
  • the axial disk is arranged outside the groove on the threaded rod and in particular in the axial direction against a collar of the threaded rod at the axial end of the external thread of the threaded rod.
  • the coupling element(s) can in particular be screwed directly onto the threaded rod and preferably each have a screw body provided with an internal thread, which is screwed onto the external thread of the threaded rod, as well as a coupling eyelet connected in an articulated manner to the screw body.
  • a lever is preferably connected to the threaded rod in a rotationally fixed manner in an axially central area of the threaded rod.
  • a lever can have a base body that is connected to the threaded rod in a rotationally fixed manner and a handle that is connected to it in an articulated manner.
  • the groove in the threaded rod into which the locking ring is inserted preferably has a rectangular cross-section.
  • other cross-sectional shapes are also possible, for example a V-shaped cross-section.
  • the locking ring preferably has a shoulder that rests axially next to the groove on a radially outer surface of the threaded rod when the locking ring is inserted into the groove.
  • the locking ring has a T-shaped cross-section, wherein a foot region of the T-shaped cross-section engages in the groove and a roof region of the T-shaped cross-section extends in the axial direction on the outside of the threaded rod and thus preferably forms two radially inner shoulders that rest radially on the outside of the threaded rod.
  • the retaining ring has, for example, an angle shape, with one leg of the angle engaging in the groove and the other leg of the angle forms the shoulder.
  • the cross-sectional shapes refer to an axial section through the retaining ring, i.e. through the section along the longitudinal direction of the threaded rod, each related to a side next to the longitudinal axis.
  • the unscrewing lock preferably has such a maximum radial extension that it can be moved within a bore of the respective coupling element.
  • FIG. 1 a screw coupling according to the invention is shown, with which two rail vehicles, each comprising a draw hook, can be coupled to one another.
  • the screw coupling has a threaded rod 1, which is also referred to as a spindle, to whose two axial ends a coupling element 2, 3 is screwed.
  • the coupling elements 2, 3 can also be attached to a coupling device of the rail vehicle other than a draw hook, for example to a bolt 20, as shown schematically here by shown in dashed lines.
  • the coupling elements 2, 3 are designed here in particular as screw coupling brackets.
  • Each coupling element 2, 3 has a screw body 15, here in the form of a cube or cuboid, which comprises an internal thread 14 that is screwed onto the external thread 4 of the threaded rod 1.
  • a coupling eyelet 16 is connected in an articulated manner to the screw body 15, which can be pushed or hooked over a corresponding component on the rail vehicle, for example a towing hook or bolt 20, in order to establish a positive connection, at least for tensile forces, with the rail vehicle.
  • a lever 17 is connected to the threaded rod 1 in a rotationally fixed manner in the axial center of the threaded rod 1 between two sections of the external thread 4. This can be gripped and forms a lever for introducing the torque into the threaded rod 1.
  • the unscrewing lock 5 preferably has such a maximum radial extension that it can be displaced within a bore of the screw body 15.
  • Each unscrewing lock 5 has a locking ring 7 which concentrically encloses the longitudinal axis 19 of the threaded rod 1 and is inserted into a groove 6 in the area of the axial end of the threaded rod 1.
  • the locking ring 7 has at least one interruption over its circumference.
  • the locking ring 7 is composed of two separate ring segments 7.1, 7.2 which, when inserted into the groove 6, are only slightly spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction, so that they enclose the threaded rod 1 almost over its entire circumference.
  • the ring segments 7.1 and 7.2 each have a T-shaped cross-section when viewed in an axial section through the longitudinal axis 19, with the foot area being inserted into the groove 6 and the roof area forming two radially inner shoulders 18 that rest on the outer circumference of the threaded rod 1. This allows the ring segments 7.1 and 7.2 to be easily and precisely positioned and held on the outside of the threaded rod 1 or in the groove 6.
  • a retaining ring 8 is pushed radially outward onto the locking ring 7, i.e. onto both ring segments 7.1 and 7.2, which is closed over its circumference and completely encloses the locking ring 7.
  • the retaining ring 8 is preferably welded to the locking ring 7, for example with several weld seams 13 distributed over the circumference.
  • the retaining ring 8 preferably has a chamfer 12 on its front end facing away from the external thread 4, into which the weld seams 13 can be introduced, so that the weld seams 13 cover the radially obliquely inwardly directed surface of the chamfer 12 and the radially outward-facing surface of the retaining ring 7 exposed by the chamfer 12.
  • the radially outer surface 21 of the retaining ring 8 can be designed as a free surface, in particular as a cylindrical surface, and can have a distance from the surrounding components of the screw coupling.
  • an axial disk 9 is provided axially next to the locking ring 7 and the retaining ring 8 radially on the outside of the threaded rod 1, which forms an axial contact surface 10 for both the locking ring 7 and the retaining ring 8.
  • the axial disk 9 is preferably supported on a collar 11 at the end of the external thread 4 against the threaded rod 1.
  • the axial disk 9 ensures that the locking ring 7 and the retaining ring 8 are aligned with each other in the radial direction and can also represent a stop surface for the screw body 15 in order to block it against unscrewing beyond the axial end of the threaded rod 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
  • Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Accouplement à vis destiné à accoupler deux véhicules ferroviaires, ledit accouplement à vis comprenant
    une tige filetée (1) qui porte un élément d'accouplement (2, 3) au niveau de ses deux extrémités axiales, au moins un des éléments d'accouplement (2, 3) ou les deux éléments d'accouplement (2, 3) étant vissés sur un filetage extérieur (4) de la tige filetée (1) et la tige filetée (1) pouvant être tournée afin de faire varier ainsi la distance entre les deux éléments d'accouplement (2, 3) ;
    au moins une sécurité anti-dévissage (5) à l'extrémité axiale de la tige filetée (1) où est vissé l'élément d'accouplement (2, 3), la sécurité anti-dévissage (5) bloquant l'élément d'accouplement (2, 3) pour l'empêcher de se dévisser au-delà de l'extrémité axiale de la tige filetée (1) ; et
    la sécurité anti-dévissage (5) comprenant une rainure (6) qui s'étend au moins sur une partie de la circonférence de la tige filetée (1) et dans laquelle est insérée une bague de sécurité (7) saillant radialement de la rainure (6), la bague de sécurité (7) étant interrompue au moins en un point de sa circonférence ;
    caractérisé en ce que
    une bague de retenue (8), qui entoure complètement la bague de sécurité (7), est disposée radialement à l'extérieur sur la bague de sécurité (7).
  2. Accouplement à vis selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la bague de sécurité (7) est composée d'au moins deux segments de bague distincts (7.1, 7.2).
  3. Accouplement à vis selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la bague de sécurité (7) est interrompue exactement une fois sur sa circonférence.
  4. Accouplement à vis selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la bague de retenue (8) est reliée par une liaison de matière, en particulier est soudée, à la bague de sécurité (7).
  5. Accouplement à vis selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la bague de retenue (8) est frettée sur la bague de sécurité (7).
  6. Accouplement à vis selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la bague de sécurité (7) est dépourvue de liaison matière avec la tige filetée (1) .
  7. Accouplement à vis selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la sécurité anti-dévissage (5) comprend en outre un disque axial (9) qui est disposé sur la tige filetée (1) axialement à côté de la bague de sécurité (7) et forme une surface d'appui axiale (10) destinée à la bague de sécurité (7) et à la bague de retenue (8).
  8. Accouplement à vis selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le disque axial (9) est disposé sur la tige filetée (1) à l'extérieur de la rainure (6) et est en appui, notamment dans la direction axiale, contre une collerette (11) de la tige filetée (1) à l'extrémité axiale du filetage extérieur (4).
  9. Accouplement à vis selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la bague de sécurité (7) comporte au moins un épaulement (18) qui vient en appui sur une surface radialement extérieure de la tige filetée (1) axialement à côté de la rainure (6).
  10. Accouplement à vis selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la bague de sécurité (7) a une section transversale en forme de T,
    une zone de pied de la section transversale en forme de T s'engageant dans la rainure (6) et une zone de toit de la section transversale en forme de T s'étendant sur la tige filetée (1) vers l'extérieur dans la direction axiale.
  11. Accouplement à vis selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que, sur son côté radialement intérieur dirigé vers la bague de sécurité (7), la bague de retenue (8) comporte à au moins une extrémité axiale un chanfrein (12) qui libère la zone de surface radialement extérieure de la bague de sécurité (7) et en ce qu'au moins un cordon de soudure (13) est introduit dans le chanfrein (12).
  12. Accouplement à vis selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le ou les éléments d'accouplement vissés (2, 3) comprennent chacun un corps de vis (15) qui est muni d'un filetage intérieur (14) et qui est vissé sur le filetage extérieur (4) de la tige filetée (1), ainsi qu'un œillet d'accouplement (16) qui est raccordé de manière articulée au corps de vis (15) .
  13. Accouplement à vis selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que, dans une zone axialement centrale de la tige filetée (1), une manivelle (17) est raccordée solidairement en rotation à la tige filetée (1) .
EP20812301.8A 2019-12-02 2020-11-25 Attelage à vis pour accoupler deux véhicules sur rail Active EP4069571B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019132638 2019-12-02
PCT/EP2020/083306 WO2021110501A1 (fr) 2019-12-02 2020-11-25 Attelage à vis pour accoupler deux véhicules sur rail

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4069571A1 EP4069571A1 (fr) 2022-10-12
EP4069571B1 true EP4069571B1 (fr) 2024-06-05

Family

ID=73598111

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20812301.8A Active EP4069571B1 (fr) 2019-12-02 2020-11-25 Attelage à vis pour accoupler deux véhicules sur rail

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4069571B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102020131158A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021110501A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191111136A (en) 1911-05-08 1912-04-11 William Thorn Improvements in Couplings for Railway Coaches and the like.
GB191120522A (en) * 1911-09-16 1912-06-06 Samuel Thomas Gresham Improved Screw-schackle Coupling for Railway Vehicles.
FR552918A (fr) * 1922-05-16 1923-05-09 Cric à montée rapide
GB2014265A (en) 1978-02-11 1979-08-22 Lucas Industries Ltd Anti-Tamper Device
AU2011268017B2 (en) * 2010-06-14 2013-09-05 Howmet Aerospace Inc. Retainer ring

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Publication number Publication date
EP4069571A1 (fr) 2022-10-12
WO2021110501A1 (fr) 2021-06-10
DE102020131158A1 (de) 2021-06-02

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