EP4039922B1 - Verfahren zum betrieb eines zugangssteuerungssystems - Google Patents

Verfahren zum betrieb eines zugangssteuerungssystems Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4039922B1
EP4039922B1 EP22153089.2A EP22153089A EP4039922B1 EP 4039922 B1 EP4039922 B1 EP 4039922B1 EP 22153089 A EP22153089 A EP 22153089A EP 4039922 B1 EP4039922 B1 EP 4039922B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
capacitor
key
cylinder
electronic cylinder
microcontroller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP22153089.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP4039922A1 (de
EP4039922C0 (de
Inventor
Patrice KLUBA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cogelec SAS
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Cogelec SAS
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Publication date
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Publication of EP4039922A1 publication Critical patent/EP4039922A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4039922B1 publication Critical patent/EP4039922B1/de
Publication of EP4039922C0 publication Critical patent/EP4039922C0/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
    • E05B47/0611—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control
    • E05B47/0619—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor
    • E05B47/0626—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor radially
    • E05B47/063—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor radially with a rectilinearly moveable blocking element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00944—Details of construction or manufacture
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B2047/0048—Circuits, feeding, monitoring
    • E05B2047/005—Opening, closing of the circuit
    • E05B2047/0054—Opening, closing of the circuit using microprocessor, printed circuits, or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B2047/0048—Circuits, feeding, monitoring
    • E05B2047/0057—Feeding
    • E05B2047/0063—Energy transfer from key to lock, e.g. for emergency opening
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B2047/0084—Key or electric means; Emergency release
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00634—Power supply for the lock

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of operating an access control system as well as an electronic cylinder for the implementation of this method.
  • the user of the key 16 turns the key inside the cylinder to unlock the lock and open the door.
  • the operations 1) to 3) are carried out in less than 200 ms and, preferably, in less than 150ms.
  • the energy stored in the battery of the key must be saved as much as possible.
  • the invention aims to propose a method of operating an access control system which makes it possible to carry out operations 1) to 3) more quickly than in known access control systems. It therefore relates to such a method of operation in accordance with claim 1.
  • FIG. 1 represents an access door 2 to a building.
  • This door 2 has an interior side, typically located inside a room, and an exterior side on the opposite side.
  • the terms "interior” and “exterior” make reference, respectively, to the inner and outer sides of door 2.
  • Door 2 here extends in a vertical plane. Thereafter, the vertical direction is designated by the Z direction of an XYZ orthogonal frame.
  • the direction X is perpendicular to the vertical plane in which the door 2 mainly extends. All of the figures in which mechanical components are shown are oriented with respect to this reference XYZ.
  • Door 2 is equipped with a handle 4 and an electronic lock 6. To simplify the figure 1 , only part of the gate 2 is shown.
  • the general mechanical architecture of the lock 6 is, for example, identical to that described in the applications FR3025236 And EP3431684 . For this reason, only the details necessary for understanding the invention are given here. For further details, the reader is referred to these requests.
  • the lock 6 comprises a bolt 10 movable in translation, parallel to the direction Y, alternately and reversibly, between an extended position and a retracted position.
  • the bolt 10 protrudes beyond the edge of the door 2 to engage in a keeper fixed without any degree of freedom on the frame of the door 2.
  • the bolt 10 locks door 2 in its closed position.
  • the bolt 10 is retracted inside the door 2 and no longer protrudes beyond the edge of this door 2.
  • the door 2 can be moved by a user of a closed position to an open position by operating the handle 4.
  • the lock 6 also includes an electronic cylinder 12 and a screw 14 for fixing the cylinder 12 in the door 2.
  • the cylinder 12 is movable between an unlocked position and, alternately, a locked position. In the unlocked position, it authorizes the opening of the door 2 and therefore access to the building. In the locked position, it prohibits the opening of the door 2 and therefore access to a building.
  • the cylinder 12 moves the bolt 10 from its extended position to its retracted position when a key 16 ( figure 2 ), authorized to unlock the lock 6, is introduced, then turned inside this cylinder 12.
  • the cylinder 12 also moves the bolt 10 from its retracted position to its extended position when the authorized key is inserted and then turned in the opposite direction. inside this cylinder. Conversely, when an unauthorized key is introduced inside the cylinder 12, this cylinder prevents the movement of the bolt 10 from its extended position to its retracted position.
  • the key 16 can be introduced inside the cylinder 12 from the exterior side and, alternately, from the interior side of the door 2.
  • the cylinder 12 emerges on each side of the door 2.
  • Screw 14 has a head that is flush with the edge of door 2. The threaded end of screw 14 is screwed into cylinder 12 to hold it in place inside door 2.
  • cylinder 12 conforms to the European format.
  • the cylinder 12 extends along a longitudinal axis 20 parallel to the direction X. It comprises a stator 22 fixed without any degree of freedom to the door 2 by means of the screw 14 and a bit 24 housed at the inside a transverse notch 26.
  • the notch 26 extends in a transverse plane 28 parallel to the directions Y, Z.
  • Plane 28 is a plane of symmetry for bit 24.
  • the bit 24 rotates counterclockwise around the axis 20 to move the bolt 10 from its extended position to its retracted position and in the opposite direction to move the bolt 10 from its retracted position to its extended position.
  • the plane 28 also divides the stator 22 into two parts.
  • the part of the stator 22 located on the inner side of door 2 is called “inner half-stator” and bears the reference 30.
  • the part of stator 22 located on the outer side of door 2 is called “outer half-stator” and bears the reference the reference 32.
  • the half-stators 30 and 32 are almost symmetrical to each other with respect to the plane 28. Thus, only the half-stator 32 is described in more detail by the following.
  • the half-stator 32 comprises a front cover 34 parallel to the plane 28 and directly exposed outside the door 2. This front cover prevents having direct access to the moving parts located inside the cylinder 12 so as to protect them against break-in attempts.
  • This cover 34 is crossed by an orifice 36 intended to receive a blade 38 of the key 16.
  • the orifice 36 is centered on the axis 20.
  • the orifice 36 is shaped so as to allow the introduction of the blade 38 to inside the cylinder 12 by a translation movement parallel to the direction X.
  • the orifice 36 is also shaped to allow the key 16 introduced inside the cylinder 12 to turn on itself around the axis 20 .
  • the key 16 comprises a transceiver 40 and a battery 41.
  • the blade 38 has no pattern in relief intended to move the pins of the lock to cause mechanical unlocking of the lock 6.
  • the blade 38 comprises at least one pattern capable of cooperating with a pattern of complementary shape on a rotor of cylinder 12 to drive this rotor in rotation when the key turns.
  • this pattern on blade 38 is a flat 42 located on its distal end.
  • the transceiver 40 is in particular capable of transmitting, via an electrical connection, the access code to the cylinder 12.
  • Battery 41 is used here to power cylinder 12 via electrical connections. These electrical connections are established only when the blade 38 is introduced inside the cylinder 12.
  • the blade 38 comprises electrical contacts capable of cooperating with corresponding electrical contacts of the cylinder 12 to establish these electrical connections between the key 16 and the cylinder 12.
  • the blade 38 comprises six electrical contacts arranged symmetrically on either side of the axis of the blade 38.
  • the symmetrical contacts one of the other are part of the same conductive ring. In the figures, only the contacts 44 to 46 located on the same side of the blade 38 are visible.
  • Stator 22 comprises a cylindrical channel 50, of circular cross-section, crossing right through stator 22 and therefore the two half-stators 30 and 32.
  • This channel 50 extends along axis 20.
  • axis 20 coincides with the axis of symmetry of revolution of channel 50.
  • the channel 50 receives a rotor 52.
  • the rotor 52 is for example identical to that described in more detail, in particular, with reference to the figure 5 and 6 of the request FR3025236 .
  • the rotor 52 comprises a housing 96 capable of receiving the end of the blade 38.
  • the cross section of this housing 96 comprises at least one shape complementary to the end of the blade 38 so as to be meshed in rotation by the blade 38.
  • this complementary shape is a flat capable of meshing with the flat 42 of the blade 38.
  • channel 50 opens into cover 34 opposite orifice 36.
  • the half-stator 32 comprises a shell 54 located entirely on the exterior side of the plane 28 and half of a strip 56 located on the exterior side of this plane 28.
  • the strip 56 is symmetrical with respect to the plane 28.
  • the shell 54 includes the front cover 34, the orifice 36 and half of the channel 50 located on the exterior side.
  • the shell 54 is formed from a single block of rigid material.
  • rigid material or “rigid material”, is meant a material whose Young's modulus at 25° C. is greater than 100 GPa or 150 GPa and, preferably, greater than 200 GPa.
  • the half-stator 32 comprises a controllable mechanism 76 for unlocking the cylinder.
  • This mechanism 76 is able to move a member 80 for blocking the rotation of the rotor 52.
  • This mechanism 76 is fixed, without degree of freedom, on the shell 54.
  • the mechanism 76 and the member 80 are similar or identical. to those described in the application FR3025236 . To increase the readability of the picture 3 , the representations of the mechanism 76 and of the member 80 have been simplified.
  • the member 80 moves in translation between a blocking position (shown on the picture 3 ) and a retracted position.
  • a distal end of member 80 is received within a crevice arranged in the rotor 52 to prevent the rotation of this rotor around the axis 20.
  • the distal end of the member 80 is located outside the crevice, so that the rotor 52 can be rotated by the key 16 around the axis 20.
  • the member 80 moves only in translation between its locking position and its retracted position.
  • this translational displacement is parallel to the Z direction.
  • the mechanism 76 typically comprises a controllable electric actuator 82 and an electronic unit 84 for controlling this actuator 82.
  • the actuator 82 moves from an active position to a idle position. In the inactive position, the member 80 can be freely moved from its locking position to its retracted position when the key 16 is turned inside the cylinder 12. In its active position, the actuator 82 holds the member 80 in its locked position. In the absence of an unlocking command, actuator 82 is in its active position and member 80 cannot be moved to its retracted position. Once the actuator 82 has reached its inactive position, it remains in its inactive position until the key 16 is removed from the cylinder 12. Typically, the actuator 82 is maintained in its inactive position without consuming energy.
  • the actuator 82 comprises a magnet mechanism which keeps it in its inactive position until the removal of the key 16.
  • the displacement of the actuator 82 from its inactive position to its active position is here mechanically driven by the movement of the key when it is removed from the cylinder 12.
  • the unit 84 compares the access code received with pre-recorded access codes. If the access code received corresponds to one of the prerecorded access codes, then unit 84 transmits the unlock command. Otherwise, the unit 84 does not transmit this unlocking command.
  • the unit 84 communicates with the transceiver 40 via an electrical link 106 which is established when the key 16 is completely inserted inside the channel 50.
  • the battery 41 transmits the energy required to power mechanism 76 via two electrical connections 107 and 108.
  • Connection 106 is established via contact 44 and an electrical contact 100 of half-stator 32.
  • Connections 107 and 108 are established via contacts 45, 46 and two electrical contacts 101 and 102 of half-stator 32.
  • the electrical contacts 100 to 102 are, for example, structurally identical to each other.
  • these contacts 100 to 102 are made as described in the application EP3431684 .
  • FIG. 4 mainly represents the part of the electronic circuit of the control unit 84 implemented to reduce the time necessary for unlocking the cylinder 12.
  • the mass is connected to the electrical contact 101.
  • the wire connections between a component of unit 84 and electrical contact 101 are sometimes represented by a symbol indicating that this component is electrically connected to the ground of unit 84.
  • connection means electrically connected.
  • directly connected means that two components of the unit 84 are connected by a wired link which does not cross another component different from a wired link.
  • wire connection denotes both a wire having, for example, a circular cross-section and an electrical track of a printed circuit.
  • the microcontroller 200 includes a power port 204 connected to ground and a power port 208 connected to the electrical contact 102 by through a diode CR1.
  • the anode of diode CR1 is directly connected to electrical contact 102.
  • Microcontroller 200 also includes a communication port 226 connected to transceiver 202 to receive and transmit to transceiver 202 baseband information.
  • Transceiver 202 encodes the information and then transmits it over electrical link 106.
  • transceiver 202 decodes the information received via electrical link 106 and transmits the decoded information over the port. 226 of the microcontroller 200.
  • the transceiver 202 is connected to the electrical contact 100.
  • Capacitor C3 also includes an electrode 232 electrically insulated from electrode 230 and directly connected to ground.
  • Switch Q8 has a control terminal 240 and two power terminals 242 and 244. Terminal 242 is directly connected to resistor R8. Terminal 244 is directly connected to port 228. Terminal 240 is directly connected to an output port 246 of microcontroller 200.
  • switch Q8 switches from a closed state to an open state. In the closed state, switch Q8 connects terminals 242 and 244 together. In the open state, switch Q8 electrically isolates terminals 242 and 244 from each other.
  • switch Q8 is an N-type Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET).
  • MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor
  • the anode of diode CR10 is directly connected to electrical contact 102.
  • switch Q6 In response to an electrical open signal on terminal 252, switch Q6 switches from a closed state to an open state. In the closed state, it electrically connects the terminals 254 and 256. In the closed state, the electrode 230 of the capacitor C3 is therefore connected to the electrical contact 102. In the open state, the switch Q6 electrically isolates the terminals 254 and 256 from each other, which also electrically isolates capacitor C3 from electrical contact 102.
  • the switch Q6 is here a P-type MOSFET transistor.
  • the terminals 252, 254 and 256 correspond, respectively, to the gate, to the source and to the drain of this transistor.
  • Terminal 252 is also connected to ground through a resistor R3.
  • the switch Q6 is permanently maintained in its closed state.
  • inductance L1 is directly connected to terminal 256 of switch Q6.
  • the other end of inductor L1 is connected to electrode 230 of capacitor C3 via diode CR9.
  • the cathode of diode CR9 is directly connected to electrode 230 of capacitor C3.
  • Switch Q7 has a control terminal 270 and two power terminals 272 and 274. Terminal 270 is directly connected to a port 276 of the microcontroller 200. Terminal 270 is also connected to ground through a resistor R16.
  • Terminal 272 is directly connected between inductance L1 and the anode of diode CR9.
  • Terminal 274 is directly connected to ground.
  • Switch Q7 switches between an open state and a closed state. In the open state, it connects terminals 272 and 274 together. In the closed state, it electrically isolates terminals 272 and 274 from each other.
  • the switch Q7 is an N-type MOSFET transistor.
  • the terminals 270, 272 and 274 then correspond, respectively, to the gate, to the drain and to the source of this transistor.
  • the electrode 230 is connected via a switch Q9 to a terminal 82A supplying the actuator 82.
  • the other terminal 828 supplying the actuator 82 is connected to the mass of the unit. 84.
  • Switch Q9 has a control terminal 280 and two power terminals 282, 284. Terminal 282 is directly connected to electrode 230. Terminal 284 is directly connected to terminal 82A of actuator 82. Terminal 280 is directly connected to an output port 286 of microcontroller 200. Switch Q9 switches between a closed state and an open state. In the open state, it electrically isolates terminals 282 and 284 from each other so that actuator 82 is not powered. In the closed state, switch Q9 connects terminals 282 and 284 so that terminal 82A is connected to electrode 230 of capacitor C3. Thus, in the closed state, switch Q9 allows actuator 82 to be powered when capacitor C3 is sufficiently charged. Switch Q9 switches from its open state to its closed state in response to the reception on terminal 280 of an electrical closing signal. In the absence of a signal transmitted by the microcontroller 200, the switch Q9 is in its open state.
  • the memory 216 comprises in particular the instructions of an access control module 222 and of a module 290 for charging the capacitor C3.
  • cylinder 12 interacts with key 16 to assess the validity of the access code transmitted by key 16.
  • microcontroller 200 controls switches Q6, Q8 and Q9 and booster 260 to manage the charge of capacitor C3.
  • the operations performed by modules 222 and 290 are described in more detail with reference to the method of the figure 5 .
  • the key 16 is removed from the cylinder 12.
  • the microcontroller 200 is therefore not powered.
  • Switch Q6 is in its closed state and switches Q7, Q8 and Q9 are in their open states.
  • Capacitor C3 is partially or totally discharged.
  • Actuator 82 is not powered. Therefore, the locking member 80 is maintained in its locking position.
  • the blade 38 of the key 16 is introduced, through the orifice 36, inside the channel 50 of the cylinder 12.
  • the electrical contacts 44 to 46 then come directly into mechanical and electrical contact, respectively, on electrical contacts 100 to 102 of cylinder 12. Electrical connections 106 to 108 between key 16 and cylinder 12 are then established and cylinder 12 is now powered by battery 41 of key 16.
  • step 304 as soon as the electrical connections 107 and 108 are established, the capacitor C3 begins to charge.
  • switch Q6 is in its closed state and lift 260 is in its inactive state. Consequently, the electrodes 230, 232 of this capacitor C3 are connected, respectively, to the contacts 102, 101.
  • the charging of the capacitor C3 continues as long as the key 16 is inserted in the cylinder 12 and the switch Q6 is in its state farm.
  • the duration D e is generally less than 10 ms or 15 ms and, typically, greater than 1 ms or 5 ms.
  • step 304 the power supply to microcontroller 200 begins.
  • the microcontroller 200 When the microcontroller 200 is powered, during a step 306, it begins by counting down a predetermined duration D i during which the activity of the microcontroller 200 is reduced to the maximum so as to limit its energy consumption.
  • This duration D i is chosen between D e and 2D e or between D e and 1.5D e .
  • the duration D i is equal to 20 ms.
  • capacitor C3 therefore begins systematically before the execution of modules 222 and 290.
  • the microcontroller 200 activates the booster 260 so that the latter increases the voltage delivered by the battery 41 to charge the capacitor C3.
  • Activating the riser 260 consists of switching it from its inactive state to its active state.
  • the voltage delivered by battery 41 is 3.3 Vdc and it is raised to 4 Vdc to rapidly charge capacitor C3.
  • Microcontroller 200 activates lift 260 by periodically switching switch Q7 between its open and closed states.
  • the switching frequency of switch Q7 is 330 kHz and the duty cycle is 36%.
  • a duty cycle of 36% means that for 36% of the duration of a period of the control signal for switch Q7, this signal is in the high state and controls the closing of switch Q7.
  • the control signal is in the low state and the switch Q7 is in its open state.
  • module 290 measures the state of charge of capacitor C3. For this, here, module 290 measures the voltage between electrodes 230 and 232 of capacitor C3. To this end, from the start of the execution of the module 290, the microcontroller 200 generates a closing signal on the port 246 to switch the switch Q8 into its closed state. A voltage depending on the state of charge of capacitor C3 is then present on port 228 of measurement.
  • the microcontroller 200 compares the voltage present on the port 228 with a predetermined threshold S c . As long as the voltage on port 228 does not exceed this threshold S c , capacitor C3 is considered not yet to be sufficiently charged to supply actuator 82. The method then returns to steps 310 and 312.
  • the module 290 interrupts the execution of steps 310, 312 and proceeds to a step 314.
  • step 314 the microcontroller 200 transmits opening signals to the switches Q6, Q7 and Q8.
  • capacitor C3 finds itself electrically isolated from all the electrical components of unit 84. This makes it possible to greatly limit the discharge of capacitor C3 caused by leakage currents.
  • opening switch Q8 prevents part of the energy of capacitor C3 from being unnecessarily consumed by resistors R8 and R9 and via measurement port 228.
  • opening switch Q7 prevents energy from leaking unnecessarily through resistor R16 and port 276.
  • Diode CR9 prevents capacitor C3 from discharging into battery 41.
  • the opening of the switch Q6 prevents recharging of the capacitor C3 as soon as the latter has been discharged to supply the actuator 82.
  • a charging indicator of the capacitor C3 is updated to indicate that now capacitor C3 is sufficiently charged. The value of this indicator is recorded in memory 216.
  • the execution of module 290 stops at the end of step 314.
  • the microprocessor 218 executes the module 222 of access control. Therefore, during a step 320, the microprocessor 218 evaluates the access rights of the key 16 to determine whether they are valid access rights and therefore a key authorized to unlock the cylinder 12. For this, here the key 16 transmits the access code, via the electrical connection 106, as soon as it is inserted inside the cylinder 12. During step 320, this access code is compared, by the microprocessor 218, to the access rights prerecorded in the memory 216.
  • the access code received does not correspond to the prerecorded access rights, the access code received is invalid and the microcontroller 200 prohibits, during a step 322, the displacement of the cylinder 12 towards its unlocked position.
  • the microcontroller 200 inhibits the transmission of the closing signal of switch Q9.
  • the actuator 82 is therefore not powered, which maintains the actuator 82 in its active position and prevents the displacement of the blocking member 80 towards its retracted position.
  • capacitor C3 remains charged and the energy stored in this capacitor C3 will be used later to unlock cylinder 12 using another key. Thus, the energy stored in capacitor C3 is not lost even if the access code transmitted by key 16 does not unlock cylinder 12.
  • the actuator 82 is powered solely from the electrical energy stored in the capacitor C3. In response, it moves from its active position to its inactive position.
  • the microcontroller 200 interrupts the power supply to the actuator 82. For this, the microcontroller 200 interrupts the generation of the closing signal of the switch Q9. Switch Q9 therefore returns to its open state and cuts the power supply to actuator 82. However, actuator 82 remains in its inactive position without consuming electrical energy.
  • the user turns the key 16 inside the cylinder 12 to open the door 2. This then causes the movement of the member 80 to its retracted position and the cylinder 12 is moved to its unlocked position.
  • the voltage booster 260 can be omitted.
  • switch Q6 can be omitted and replaced by a simple wire connection which connects electrode 230 to electrical contact 102.
  • the duration D f during which switch Q9 is in its closed state is chosen sufficiently short so as not to allow the capacitor C3 to be completely discharged.
  • the actuator 82 is directly powered by the battery 41 which can cause a collapse of the voltage between the electrodes of this battery. This is the case, for example, if capacitor C3 does not risk being discharged in battery 41 because the voltage between the electrodes of this battery is systematically greater than the voltage between electrodes 230, 232 when capacitor C3 is fully charged.
  • the module 290 measures the voltage present between the electrical contacts 101 and 102.
  • the temporal succession of these measurements forms a function representative of the temporal evolution of the voltage between the contacts 101 and 102.
  • the microcontroller 200 is then programmed to detect the instant from which this function begins to increase again.
  • the microcontroller 200 then triggers the execution of the access control module 222 as soon as this event is detected.
  • execution of module 222 is triggered, in general, rather than in previous embodiments. Indeed, the duration D i is generally chosen for suitable in the worst case, that is to say in the case where the battery 41 is weakly charged. However, the worst case is not systematically encountered.
  • step 306 is omitted.
  • microcontroller 200 immediately starts running modules 222 and 290. If this causes the microcontroller 200 supply voltage to drop below the S off threshold, microcontroller 200 shuts down and then restarts a few moments later . Thus, in the absence of an initial timeout, the microcontroller 200 may have to restart several times before being able to execute the module 290 correctly.
  • the access rights are evaluated by the key 16 and not by the cylinder 12. For example, for this, it is the cylinder 12 which transmits to the key 16 its identifier. If the identifier received by the key 16 belongs to a list, pre-recorded in a memory of the key, of cylinder identifiers that this key can unlock, then the key transmits to the cylinder, in response, an opening command . When the microcontroller 200 receives this opening command, it in turn generates the closing command for switch Q9 as soon as capacitor C3 is sufficiently charged.
  • the fact of ordering the opening of the switch Q6 before supplying the actuator 82 from the capacitor C3 can be implemented independently of the fact that the charging of the capacitor C3 begins before the evaluation of the access rights be completed.
  • the control of the opening of the switch Q6 before supplying the actuator 82 is implemented in a method where the charging of the capacitor C3 begins only after the access rights have been evaluated as being valid.
  • the fact of controlling the opening of the switch Q8 as soon as the capacitor C3 is charged can also be implemented independently of the fact that the charging of the capacitor C3 begins before the evaluation of the access rights is finished. This can also be implemented in an electronic actuator control unit 82 without switch Q6.
  • the method practically does not increase the electric consumption of the cylinder and does not modify, or practically does not modify, the average life of the batteries of the keys.
  • the capacitor C3 remains charged.
  • capacitor C3 is already charged or at least partially charged. Therefore, the energy drawn from the battery of the next key to charge the capacitor C3 is lower, or even zero.
  • the energy drawn from the battery of an unauthorized key is not lost but used to limit the energy drawn from the battery of a following key. Therefore, the average battery life of the keys is not substantially modified.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Zugangskontrollsystems mit einem elektronischen Schließzylinder, der zwischen einer entriegelten Stellung, in der er den Zugang zu einem Gebäude zulässt, und abwechselnd einer verriegelten Stellung, in der er den Zugang zu diesem Gebäude verbietet, verschiebbar ist, wobei dieses Verfahren die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    - beim Einführen eines Schlüssels in das Innere des elektronischen Zylinders das mechanische und elektrische Kontaktieren (302) eines ersten und eines zweiten elektrischen Kontakts des elektronischen Zylinders mit einem ersten bzw. einem zweiten elektrischen Kontakt des Schlüssels, wobei der erste und der zweite elektrische Kontakt des Schlüssels elektrisch mit jeweiligen Elektroden einer Batterie verbunden sind, die im Inneren des Schlüssels untergebracht ist,
    - elektrisches Verbinden (304) von ersten und zweiten Elektroden eines Kondensators des elektronischen Zylinders jeweils mit ersten und zweiten elektrischen Kontakten des elektronischen Zylinders, um diesen Kondensator von der im Schlüssel untergebrachten Batterie aufzuladen, wenn dieser Schlüssel in den elektronischen Zylinder eingeführt wird,
    - die Aktivierung (310), durch einen Mikrocontroller des elektronischen Zylinders, eines Erhöhers der Ladespannung des Kondensators,
    - die Bewertung (320), durch den Mikrocontroller, der Gültigkeit von Zugangsrechten des Schlüssels, der in das Innere dieses elektronischen Zylinders eingeführt wird, und, nur wenn die Zugangsrechte als gültig bewertet werden, die Erzeugung eines Befehls zur Entriegelung des elektronischen Zylinders,
    - nur in Reaktion auf den Entriegelungsbefehl und nur, wenn der Kondensator geladen ist, die Stromversorgung (324) eines elektrischen Stellglieds des elektronischen Zylinders aus diesem Kondensator, und dann
    - wenn der elektrische Aktuator mit Strom versorgt wird, bewegt er sich (324) :
    - aus einer aktiven Position, in der er den elektronischen Zylinder in seiner verriegelten Position hält, nach
    - eine inaktive Position, in der er die Bewegung des Zylinders in seine entriegelte Position zulässt,
    wobei, bevor die Bewertung (320) der Gültigkeit der Zugangsrechte des Schlüssels abgeschlossen ist, das Verfahren das elektrische Verbinden (304) der ersten und zweiten Elektroden des Kondensators jeweils mit dem ersten und zweiten elektrischen Kontakt des elektronischen Zylinders und das Beginnen des Ladens des Kondensators umfasst,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    - der Beginn (304) des Aufladens des Kondensators systematisch beginnt, sobald der erste und der zweite elektrische Kontakt des elektronischen Zylinders mechanisch und elektrisch mit dem ersten bzw. dem zweiten elektrischen Kontakt des Schlüssels in Kontakt gebracht werden und bevor die Erhöhung der Ladespannung des Kondensators aktiviert wird,
    - nach dem Moment, in dem der erste und der zweite elektrische Kontakt des elektronischen Zylinders mit dem ersten bzw. dem zweiten elektrischen Kontakt des Schlüssels mechanisch und elektrisch in Kontakt gebracht wurden (302), zählt der Mikrocontroller (306) eine vorbestimmte Zeitdauer von mehr als 15 ms ab, und anschließend
    - nur nachdem diese vorbestimmte Zeit abgelaufen ist, wird der Mikrocontroller:
    - die Bewertung (320) der Gültigkeit der Zugriffsrechte des Schlüssels auslöst, und
    - aktiviert (310) den Erhöher der Ladespannung des Kondensators .
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Verfahren umfasst:
    - das Schließen eines ersten Schalters, der die erste Elektrode des Kondensators mit dem ersten elektrischen Kontakt des elektronischen Zylinders elektrisch verbindet, und dann
    - Messen (312) des Ladezustands des Kondensators und Auslösen (324) der Stromversorgung des elektrischen Stellglieds nur dann, wenn der so gemessene Ladezustand des Kondensators einen vorbestimmten Schwellenwert überschreitet, und dann
    - nachdem der gemessene Ladezustand den vorbestimmten Schwellenwert überschritten hat, die Steuerung (314) des Öffnens des ersten Schalters, um die erste Elektrode des Kondensators von dem ersten elektrischen Kontakt des elektronischen Zylinders elektrisch zu isolieren.
  3. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Verfahren umfasst:
    - Schließen (312) eines zweiten Schalters, der die erste Elektrode des Kondensators elektrisch mit einem Eingangsport des Mikrocontrollers des elektronischen Zylinders verbindet, und dann
    - Messen (312) des Ladezustands des Kondensators anhand der an diesem Eingangsport des Mikrocontrollers anliegenden Spannung und Auslösen (324) der Stromversorgung des elektrischen Stellglieds nur dann, wenn der so gemessene Ladezustand des Kondensators einen vorgegebenen Schwellenwert überschreitet, und dann
    - nachdem der gemessene Ladezustand den vorbestimmten Schwellenwert überschritten hat, die Steuerung (314) des Öffnens dieses zweiten Schalters, um die erste Elektrode des Kondensators vom Eingangsanschluss des Mikrocontrollers elektrisch zu isolieren.
  4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei nach der Versorgung des elektrischen Stellglieds mit Strom aus diesem Kondensator das Verfahren das systematische Unterbrechen (326) der Versorgung des elektrischen Stellglieds nach einer vorbestimmten Zeitdauer umfasst, die lang genug ist, um die Bewegung des elektrischen Stellglieds aus seiner aktiven Position in seine inaktive Position zu ermöglichen, wobei die vorbestimmte Zeitdauer auch kürzer ist als die Zeitdauer, die erforderlich ist, um den Kondensator vollständig über das elektrische Stellglied zu entladen.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Verfahren das Verbinden (302) von Versorgungsanschlüssen des Mikrocontrollers des elektronischen Zylinders mit dem ersten und zweiten elektrischen Kontakt des elektronischen Zylinders umfasst, um diesen Mikrocontroller aus der im Inneren des Schlüssels untergebrachten Batterie zu versorgen.
  6. Elektronischer Schließzylinder zur Durchführung eines Verfahrens gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei dieser elektronische Zylinder zwischen einer entriegelten Position, in der er den Zugang zu einem Gebäude zulässt, und abwechselnd einer verriegelten Position, in der er den Zugang zu diesem Gebäude verbietet, verschiebbar ist, wobei dieser elektronische Zylinder umfasst:
    - ein Blockierorgan (80), das reversibel verschiebbar ist zwischen :
    - eine Sperrposition, in der er den elektronischen Zylinder in seiner verriegelten Position hält, und
    - eine eingezogene Position, die der entriegelten Position des elektronischen Zylinders entspricht,
    - einen elektrischen Aktuator (82), der in Reaktion auf den Empfang eines Entriegelungsbefehls in der Lage ist, sich zu bewegen :
    - aus einer aktiven Position, in der es das Blockierorgan in seiner Blockierposition hält, nach
    - eine inaktive Position, in der er die Bewegung des Sperrorgans in seine eingezogene Position zulässt,
    - einen Kondensator (C3), der geeignet ist, das elektrische Stellglied zu versorgen, wenn er aufgeladen wird, um das Stellglied aus seiner aktiven Position in seine inaktive Position zu bewegen, wobei dieser Kondensator eine erste und eine zweite Elektrode (230, 232) aufweist,
    - einen ersten und einen zweiten elektrischen Kontakt (101, 102), die geeignet sind, direkt in elektrischen und mechanischen Kontakt mit einem ersten bzw. zweiten elektrischen Kontakt eines Schlüssels zu kommen, wenn dieser Schlüssel in das Innere des elektronischen Zylinders eingeführt wird, um diesen ersten und zweiten elektrischen Kontakt (101, 102) des elektronischen Zylinders mit jeweiligen Elektroden einer Batterie, die im Inneren dieses Schlüssels untergebracht ist, elektrisch zu verbinden,
    - einen Spannungserhöher (260), der zwischen den ersten elektrischen Kontakt (102) und die erste Elektrode (230) des Kondensators (C3) geschaltet ist, wobei dieser Spannungserhöher in Reaktion auf einen Aktivierungsbefehl umschalten kann
    - aus einem inaktiven Zustand, in dem er die Batteriespannung des Schlüssels nicht erhöht,
    - in einen aktiven Zustand, in dem er die Batteriespannung des Schlüssels, der zum Aufladen des Kondensators verwendet wird, erhöht,
    wobei der inaktive Zustand der Ruhezustand dieses Spannungserhöhers in Abwesenheit jeglicher Steuerung ist,
    - einen Mikrocontroller (200), der konfiguriert ist :
    - um den Spannungserhöher so zu steuern, dass er in seinen aktiven Zustand wechselt,
    - zum Herunterzählen einer vorbestimmten Zeitdauer und erst nach Ablauf dieser vorbestimmten Zeitdauer das Auslösen der Bewertung der Gültigkeit von Zugangsrechten des Schlüssels, der in das Innere dieses elektronischen Zylinders eingeführt wird, und
    - nur wenn die Zugriffsrechte als gültig bewertet werden, den Befehl zum Aufheben der Sperre generieren,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass :
    - der Spannungserhöher (260) in seinem inaktiven Zustand geeignet ist, den ersten elektrischen Kontakt (102) elektrisch mit der ersten Elektrode (230) des Kondensators (C3) zu verbinden, damit das Laden des Kondensators systematisch beginnt, sobald der erste und der zweite elektrische Kontakt des elektronischen Zylinders mechanisch und elektrisch mit dem ersten bzw. dem zweiten elektrischen Kontakt des Schlüssels in Kontakt (302) gebracht werden und somit bevor der Spannungserhöher in seinen aktiven Zustand umschaltet, und
    - der Mikrocontroller (200) konfiguriert ist :
    - so dass die abgezählte vorbestimmte Dauer größer als 15 ms ist, und
    - so dass erst nach Ablauf dieser vorbestimmten Zeit der Spannungserhöher gesteuert wird, um ihn in seinen aktiven Zustand zu schalten.
  7. Zylinder nach Anspruch 6, wobei :
    - der Zylinder einen ersten, vom Spannungserhöher getrennten Schalter (Q6) mit einem Steueranschluss (252) aufweist, wobei dieser erste Schalter in Reaktion auf den Empfang eines elektrischen Schließsignals in einen geschlossenen Zustand schalten kann, in dem er die erste Elektrode (230) des Kondensators mit dem ersten elektrischen Kontakt (102) elektrisch verbindet, um den Kondensator aus der Schlüsselbatterie zu laden, und
    - der elektronische Zylinder so konfiguriert ist, dass er das elektrische Schließsignal erzeugt, bevor der Mikrocontroller die Auswertung der Gültigkeit der Zugangsrechte des Schlüssels abgeschlossen hat.
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