EP4039882B1 - Moulded brick - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a shaped block made of concrete and a shaped block row according to the preamble of claims 1 and 13 respectively.

From the international design DM/084 806 a shaped block is known which comprises a first upper longitudinal edge and a second upper longitudinal edge, wherein these longitudinal edges are opposite one another, wherein the shaped block comprises an upper side surface arranged between these longitudinal edges, wherein the shaped block comprises a number of studs and wherein the studs are arranged on the upper side surface and form a profiling.

Furthermore, the US 2020/131717 A1 a road pavement is known which is provided with one or more gripping structures on the floor surface of the road pavement.

It is an object of the invention to propose a shaped block or a row of shaped blocks in which, while retaining a knobbly appearance, a more intense rolling noise is generated which is largely independent of the driving angle.

This object is achieved on the basis of the features of the preamble of claim 1 or 13 by the characterizing features of claim 1 or 13. Advantageous and expedient further developments are specified in the respective subclaims.

The molded block according to the invention, which is designed in particular as a concrete molded block, comprises a first upper longitudinal edge and a second upper longitudinal edge, wherein these longitudinal edges lie opposite one another, wherein the molded block comprises an upper side surface arranged between these longitudinal edges, wherein the shaped block comprises a number of studs, the studs being arranged on the upper surface and forming a profile, the studs of a first subset of the set having a first stud height, the studs of a second subset of the set having a second stud height, and the first stud height being at least 2 mm lower than the second stud height. In this case, each stud is further designed as a truncated cone-like body. When the profiling is formed using such a stud topography, it can be seen that an intensified rolling noise is generated when driving over it compared to a shaped block with uniform stud height. At the same time, it is also achieved that the generation of the rolling noise is largely independent of the angle at which the shaped block is driven over, since studs with different stud heights follow one another in different driving directions. This ensures that the shaped block receives the desired increased attention regardless of the angle at which it is driven over.

It is further provided that the molded block comprises several longitudinal rows, each with several studs, running parallel to the longitudinal edges, wherein the longitudinal rows themselves are formed alternately by studs of the first stud height or by studs of the second stud height, wherein, viewed transversely to the longitudinal edges, in each transverse row, studs of the first stud height and studs of the second stud height follow one another. This ensures particularly reliably that, regardless of the angle at which the molded block is driven over, low and high studs are rolled over by a wheel.

Alternatively, it is also intended that the shaped stone has several longitudinal rows running parallel to the longitudinal edges, each with several studs, wherein in each of the longitudinal rows one of the studs of the first stud height and one of the studs of the second stud height are arranged alternately, wherein viewed transversely to the longitudinal edges one of the studs of the first stud height and one of the studs of the second stud height are arranged alternately in each transverse row. This also ensures that regardless of the angle at which the molded block is driven over, low and high studs are rolled over by a wheel.

It is also planned to form the shaped stone with an odd number of longitudinal rows and an equal odd number of transverse rows. This allows the shaped stone to be formed symmetrically with a vertical axis running through the middle, making it easier to lay rows of shaped stones, as there is no need to pay attention to their orientation.

Furthermore, it is intended to form the shaped block with two longitudinal rows, each with several studs, running parallel to the longitudinal edges, with one of the longitudinal rows being formed either exclusively by studs of the first stud height or exclusively by studs of the second stud height and the other longitudinal row by an alternating arrangement of studs of the first stud height and the second stud height. Such shaped blocks make it possible to produce different noise patterns when the shaped block is approached from the left longitudinal edge and when the shaped block is approached from the right longitudinal edge, so that the noise patterns that develop when starting can be adapted for different vehicle types, such as bicycles and cars.

It is also intended that those studs which are in a first longitudinal row, which runs directly adjacent to the first upper longitudinal edge, belongs to the first subset of the studs. This ensures that the rolling noise generated by the first longitudinal row is lower than the rolling noise generated by the other longitudinal rows. In this way, cyclists in particular can initially be cautiously alerted to the fact that they are about to drive over a shaped block if the shaped block is laid with its first longitudinal edge in the direction of travel.

It is also intended that those studs which are located in an nth longitudinal row, which runs directly adjacent to the second upper longitudinal edge, belong partly to the first subset of studs and partly to the second subset of studs. This ensures that when the molded block approaches the second upper longitudinal edge, an increased rolling noise is immediately generated.

Furthermore, it is provided that between the first longitudinal row and the nth longitudinal row there is at least one further longitudinal row with studs, the studs of the at least one further longitudinal row belonging partly to the first subset of studs and partly to the second subset of studs. This ensures that an increased rolling noise is generated in a central region extending between the upper longitudinal edges.

It is also intended that the studs of all longitudinal rows are arranged with their vertical axes on intersection points of a rectangular coordinate grid, the column lines of which are aligned parallel to the longitudinal edges. This allows the upper surface of the shaped block between the studs to be separated by a Cleaning movement and a cleaning movement perpendicular to the long edges make cleaning easy.

Alternatively, it is also intended that the studs of all longitudinal rows are arranged with their vertical axes at intersection points of a rectangular coordinate grid, the column lines of which are aligned at an angle of 45° to the longitudinal edges. This allows the longitudinal rows formed by the studs to be arranged closer together with the same stud size and the same minimum distances between the studs, so that the molded block can have more studs per unit area and is therefore safer for driving with narrow wheels and has a higher load-bearing capacity.

It is also intended that the studs of the second to nth longitudinal rows are arranged in such a way that each low stud either has only high studs as direct neighbours or has more high studs than low studs as direct neighbours. In this way, together with other shaped bricks, a stud pattern can be created that repeats in the direction of the longitudinal edges.

Furthermore, it is also intended that the top surface is designed as a flat surface and runs parallel to the bottom surface of the shaped block. This allows the shaped block to be easily installed as a dividing block.

• jede Noppe mit einem Durchmesser von 2 cm bis 10 cm auszubilden,
• insbesondere die niedrigen Noppen mit einer Höhe von etwa 4 mm und die hohen Noppen mit einer Höhe von etwa 6 mm auszubilden,
• insbesondere entweder die Oberseitenfläche des Formsteines quadratisch auszubilden und mit einer ungeraden Zahl von Noppen auszubilden und vorzugsweise Abmessungen für die Längskanten von insbesondere einer Länge von 20cm bis 40cm vorzusehen, wobei besonders bevorzugt sechs Noppen eine niedrige Noppenhöhe und drei Noppen eine hohe Noppenhöhe aufweisen oder fünf Noppen eine niedrige Noppenhöhe und vier Noppen eine hohe Noppenhöhe aufweisen oder
• ist es vorgesehen, die Oberseitenfläche des Formsteines rechteckig auszubilden und mit einer geraden Zahl von Noppen auszubilden und vorzugsweise Abmessungen von 30 cm x 40 cm und zwölf Noppen vorzusehen, von den besonders bevorzugt acht Noppen eine niedrige Noppenhöhe und vier Noppen eine hohe Noppenhöhe aufweisen.

Finally, it is intended for the molded stone

• each knob with a diameter of 2 cm to 10 cm,
• in particular, the low studs should be formed with a height of about 4 mm and the high studs with a height of about 6 mm,
• in particular either the top surface of the shaped stone to be square and to be formed with an odd number of knobs and preferably to provide dimensions for the longitudinal edges of in particular a length of 20 cm to 40 cm, wherein particularly preferably six knobs have a low knob height and three knobs have a high knob height or five knobs have a low knob height and four knobs have a high knob height or
• it is intended to form the upper surface of the shaped stone rectangular and with an even number of studs and preferably to provide dimensions of 30 cm x 40 cm and twelve studs, of which particularly preferably eight studs have a low stud height and four studs have a high stud height.

In the molded brick row according to the invention, which comprises several molded bricks, it is intended to form the individual molded bricks according to at least one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the molded bricks are aligned with one another in such a way that the molded bricks form a first imaginary side line with their first longitudinal edges and a second imaginary side line with their second longitudinal edges. The molded brick rows formed in this way each have the advantages mentioned in the claims 1 to 12 in question over the entire longitudinal extent of the molded brick row.

It is also intended to form each of the shaped blocks with an odd number of studs in each of its longitudinal rows, whereby each of the shaped blocks has an even number of longitudinal rows and whereby adjacent shaped blocks are arranged mirror-symmetrically to one another with respect to a mirror point, whereby the mirror point is located in the middle halfway between the abutting transverse edges of the adjacent shaped blocks. This allows, despite an odd number of studs, Realize rows of shaped bricks with a profile of the longitudinal rows that is constantly repeated across the shaped bricks.

Furthermore, it is also intended to form the shaped block row alternately from shaped blocks of a first type and shaped blocks of a second type, whereby these two types are identical in terms of the length of the longitudinal edges, the length of the transverse edges, the number of studs and the stud positions, and whereby these two types differ in that in the shaped blocks of the second type, those studs have a high stud height which in the shaped blocks of the first type have a low stud height, and those studs have a low stud height which in the shaped blocks of the first type have a high stud height. By using two types of shaped blocks with such an inverted profile, shaped block rows can be formed in which, when laid alternately, a symmetrical stud pattern is created despite the different types. Furthermore, by forming a shaped block row exclusively from shaped blocks of the first type or exclusively from shaped blocks of the second type, shaped block rows can be formed which differ from one another and also from the shaped block row with mixed laying.

Finally, in the case of the shaped brick row, it is intended that the studs of the second to nth longitudinal row of each shaped brick, which are adjacent to a front transverse edge or a rear transverse edge, are also arranged in relation to the adjacent shaped brick in such a way that each low stud in the second to nth longitudinal row either has only high studs as direct neighbouring studs or has more high studs than low studs as direct neighbouring studs. This creates a shaped brick row with a regularly repeating profile, which is identical over its entire extension. approach angle and other boundary conditions shows an identical noise development.

For the purposes of the invention, a directly adjacent stud is understood to mean any stud which precedes a stud in a row of studs and which follows a stud in a row of studs, or which is opposite a stud in a left-hand adjacent row in a transverse direction and which is opposite a stud in a right-hand adjacent row in a transverse direction.

For the purposes of the invention, an n-th longitudinal row is understood to mean the last longitudinal row following the first longitudinal row.

Further details of the invention are described in the drawing using schematically illustrated embodiments.

Figur 1a:

eine perspektivische Ansicht einer ersten Ausführungsvariante eines erfindungsgemäßen Formsteins;

Figur 1b:

eine erste Ausführungsvariante einer Formsteinreihe, welche aus Formsteinen entsprechend der Figur 1a gebildet ist;

Figur 1c:

eine Seitenansicht des in der Figur 1a gezeigten Formsteins;

Figur 2:

eine Draufsicht auf eine zweite Ausführungsvariante einer Formsteinreihe, welche aus Formsteinen einer zweiten Ausführungsvariante gebildet ist,

Figur 3:

eine Draufsicht auf eine dritte Ausführungsvariante einer Formsteinreihe, welche aus Formsteinen einer dritten Ausführungsvariante gebildet ist,

Figur 4:

eine Draufsicht auf eine vierte Ausführungsvariante einer Formsteinreihe, welche aus Formsteinen einer vierten Ausführungsvariante gebildet ist,

Figur 5:

eine Draufsicht auf eine fünfte Ausführungsvariante einer Formsteinreihe, welche aus Formsteinen einer fünften Ausführungsvariante gebildet ist,

Figur 6:

eine Draufsicht auf eine sechste Ausführungsvariante einer Formsteinreihe, welche aus Formsteinen einer sechsten Ausführungsvariante gebildet ist,

Figur 7:

eine Draufsicht auf eine siebten Ausführungsvariante einer Formsteinreihe, welche aus Formsteinen einer siebten Ausführungsvariante gebildet ist und

Figur 8:

eine Draufsicht auf eine achte Ausführungsvariante einer Formsteinreihe, welche aus Formsteinen einer achten Ausführungsvariante gebildet ist.

This shows:

Figure 1a:

a perspective view of a first embodiment of a shaped block according to the invention;

Figure 1b:

a first variant of a series of shaped bricks, which consists of shaped bricks according to the Figure 1a is formed;

Figure 1c:

a side view of the Figure 1a shown shaped stone;

Figure 2:

a plan view of a second embodiment of a row of shaped bricks, which is formed from shaped bricks of a second embodiment,

Figure 3:

a plan view of a third embodiment of a row of shaped bricks, which is formed from shaped bricks of a third embodiment,

Figure 4:

a plan view of a fourth embodiment of a row of shaped bricks, which is formed from shaped bricks of a fourth embodiment,

Figure 5:

a plan view of a fifth embodiment of a row of shaped bricks, which is formed from shaped bricks of a fifth embodiment,

Figure 6:

a plan view of a sixth embodiment of a row of shaped bricks, which is formed from shaped bricks of a sixth embodiment,

Figure 7:

a plan view of a seventh variant of a row of shaped bricks, which is formed from shaped bricks of a seventh variant and

Figure 8:

a plan view of an eighth embodiment of a row of shaped bricks, which is formed from shaped bricks of an eighth embodiment.

In the Figures 1a and 1c a perspective view and a side view of a first embodiment of a molded block 101 according to the invention are shown. The molded block 101 is designed as a concrete molded block BF101.

The molded block 101 comprises a first upper longitudinal edge 102 and a second upper longitudinal edge 103, wherein these longitudinal edges 102, 103 lie parallel opposite one another. Furthermore, the molded block 101 comprises an upper surface 104 arranged between these longitudinal edges 102, 103. Finally, the molded block 101 comprises a set M-105 of nine studs 105, which are individually designated with the reference numerals 105a to 105i. These nine studs 105 are arranged on the upper surface 104 and form a profile 106.

Here, the studs 105a to 105e of a first subset TM1-105 of the set M-105 have a first stud height H1-105 and the studs 105f to 105i of a second subset TM2-105 of the set M-105 have a second stud height H2-105. Here, the first stud height H1-105 in the exemplary embodiment is 2 mm lower than the second stud height H2-105.

The molded block 101 comprises three longitudinal rows LRA-101 to LRC-101, each with three studs 105a, 105i, 105d or 105f, 105e, 105h or 105b, 105g, 105c, running parallel to the longitudinal edges 102, 103. The longitudinal rows LRA-101 to LRC-101 are formed alternately by studs 105a to 105e of the first stud height H1-105 and by studs 105f to 105i of the second stud height H2-105. Viewed transversely to the longitudinal edges 102, 103, in each transverse row QRA-101 to QRC-101, studs 105a-105e of the first stud height H1-105 and studs 105f-105i of the second stud height H2-105 follow one another.

The studs 105b, 105g, 105c, which are located in the third longitudinal row LRC-101, which runs directly adjacent to the second upper longitudinal edge 103, belong partly to the first subset TM1-105 of the studs 105 and partly to the second subset TM2-105 of the studs 105.

Between the first longitudinal row LRA-101 and the third The second longitudinal row LRB-101 with studs 105f, 105e, 105h runs along the longitudinal row LRC-101, whereby the studs 105f, 105e, 105h of the second longitudinal row LRB-101 belong partly to the first subset TM1-105 of the studs 105 and partly to the second subset TM2-105 of the studs 105.

The studs 105f, 105e, 105h, 105b, 105g, 105c of the second and third longitudinal rows LRB-105, LRC-105 are arranged such that each low stud 105e, 105b, 105c either has only high studs as direct neighboring studs or has more high studs than low studs as direct neighboring studs.

The upper side surface 104 is designed as a flat surface EF-104 and runs parallel to a lower side surface 107 of the molded block 101.

Each nub 105 is designed as a truncated cone-like body 108. Alternatively, it is provided that at least some of the nubs are designed as a cylinder-like body and/or a truncated pyramid-like body.

Each stud 105 has a diameter D105 of 80 mm in the area of the upper surface 104.

For the low studs 105a to 105e, the height H1-105 is approximately 4 mm each and for the high studs 105f to 105i, the height H2-105 is approximately 6 mm each.

The upper surface 104 of the shaped block 101 is square and has an odd number of studs 105 with the nine studs 105a to 105i.

The upper longitudinal edges 102, 103 have a length L102, L103 of 298 mm. Upper transverse edges 109, 110, which connect the longitudinal edges 102, 103, also have a length L109, L110 of 298 mm (see Figure 1b ).

In this case, the Figure 1b a row of shaped blocks 150 is shown, which consists of five identical shaped blocks 101, each of which corresponds to the Figures 1a and 1c shown shaped block 101. These five shaped blocks 101 are aligned with each other in such a way that the shaped blocks 101 form a first imaginary side line 152 of the shaped block row 150 with their first upper longitudinal edges 102 and form a second imaginary side line 153 of the shaped block row 150 with their second upper longitudinal edges 103.

The studs 105 (designated only as examples) of all longitudinal rows LRA-105 to LRC-105 are arranged with their vertical axes H-105 on intersection points KP of a rectangular coordinate grid KG, the column lines SL of which are aligned parallel to the longitudinal edges 102, 103.

In the Figure 2 is a plan view of a second embodiment of a shaped block row 250, which is formed by way of example from six identical shaped blocks 201 of a second embodiment. The individual shaped blocks 201 are basically comparable to the Figures 1a to 1c described first embodiment and also have two parallel upper longitudinal edges 202, 203. In contrast to the first embodiment, in the second embodiment of the molded block 201 a first longitudinal row LRA-201 is formed exclusively by studs 205 of a first stud height H1-205. To distinguish between the Figure 2 the studs 205, which have a second stud height H2-205, are symbolically marked by an "X". In a second and In the third longitudinal row LRB-201 and LRC-201, the studs 205 of the first stud height H1-205 and the studs of the second stud height H2-205 are arranged alternately and offset from one another on each shaped block 201. This results in an arrangement, viewed over the longitudinal extent of the shaped block row 250, in which two studs of the same stud height always follow one another as a stud pair from shaped block to shaped block. The studs 205 of the first stud height H1-205 form a first subset TM1-205 of the studs 205 and are lower than the studs 205 of the second stud height H2-205, which form a second subset TM2-205 of the studs 205.

In the Figure 3 is a plan view of a third embodiment of a shaped block row 350, which is formed by way of example from five identical shaped blocks 301 of a third embodiment. The individual shaped blocks 301 are basically comparable to the Figures 1a to 1c described first embodiment and also have two parallel upper longitudinal edges 302, 303 and two upper transverse edges 309, 310 connecting them. In contrast to the first embodiment, the individual shaped blocks 301 each have twelve studs 305. As with the second embodiment, in the third embodiment of the shaped block 301, a first longitudinal row LRA-301 is formed exclusively by studs 305 of a first stud height H1-305. To distinguish between the two, the Figure 3 the studs 305, which have a second stud height H2-305, are each symbolically marked by an "X". In a second and third longitudinal row LRB-301 and LRC-301, the studs 305 of the first stud height H1-305 and the studs of the second stud height H2-305 are arranged alternately and offset from each other on each molded block 301. This results in a Arrangement in which high and low studs alternately follow one another throughout the shaped blocks 301. The studs 305 of the first stud height H1-305 form a first subset TM1-305 of the studs 305 and are lower than the studs 305 of the second stud height H2-305, which form a second subset TM2-305 of the studs 305.

In the Figure 4 is a plan view of a fourth embodiment of a shaped block row 450, which is formed by way of example from two shaped blocks 401 of a first type of a fourth embodiment and from two shaped blocks 401' of a second type of the fourth embodiment. The two shaped blocks 401 are identical to those from the Figures 1a to 1c known shaped blocks 101 and have a centrally arranged stud 405e and studs 405a to 405d positioned in the corners as studs 405 with a low stud height H1-405, as well as remaining studs 405f to 405i as studs 405 with a high stud height H2-405.

In contrast to this, in the two shaped blocks 401' of the second type, a centrally arranged stud 405e' and studs 405a' to 405d' positioned in the corners are designed as studs 405' with a high stud height H2-405'. The remaining studs 405f'- to 405i' are designed as studs 405' with a low stud height H1-405'.

The shaped bricks 401 and 401` are arranged alternately in the shaped brick row 450, so that high and low studs always alternate in relation to the extension of the shaped brick row 450 in the longitudinal and transverse directions.

In the Figure 5 is a plan view of a fifth variant of a shaped block row 550, which is formed by way of example from four identical shaped blocks 501 of a fifth embodiment variant. The individual shaped blocks 501 each have two parallel upper longitudinal edges 502, 503. In the first and second longitudinal rows LRA-501 and LRB-501 of each shaped block 501, which run parallel thereto, studs 505 of a first stud height H1-505 and studs of a second stud height H2-505 are arranged alternately and offset from one another on each shaped block 501. To distinguish them, the Figure 5 the studs 505, which have a second stud height H2-205, are symbolically marked by an "X". The studs 505 of the first stud height H1-505 form a first subset TM1-505 of the studs 505 and are lower than the studs 505 of the second stud height H2-505, which form a second subset TM2-505 of the studs 505. In the shaped block row 550, every second shaped block 501 is rotated by 180° about a vertical axis H501 that is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, so that despite the odd number of studs 505 per longitudinal row LRA-501 and LRB-501, in areas in which the shaped blocks 501 abut one another, studs 505 of different heights always lie next to one another. Adjacent shaped blocks 501 are thus arranged mirror-symmetrically to one another with respect to a mirror point S501, wherein the mirror point S501 is located centrally halfway between abutting transverse edges 509, 510 of the adjacent shaped blocks 501.

In the Figure 6 is a plan view of a sixth embodiment of a shaped block row 650, which is formed by way of example from four identical shaped blocks 601 of a sixth embodiment. The individual shaped blocks 601 each have two parallel upper longitudinal edges 602, 603. In a first longitudinal row LRA-601 running parallel thereto, each shaped block 601 has exclusively studs 605 of a first stud height H1-605 and in a parallel thereto In the second longitudinal row LRB-601, each shaped block 601 is exclusively provided with studs 605 of a second stud height H2-605. To distinguish between the two, Figure 6 the studs 605, which have the second stud height H2-605, are symbolically marked by an "X". The studs 605 of the first stud height H1-605 form a first subset TM1-605 of the studs 605 and are lower than the studs 605 of the second stud height H2-605, which form a second subset TM2-605 of the studs 605. In the shaped block row 650, every second shaped block 601 is rotated by 180° about a vertical axis H601 that is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing, so that in the longitudinal extension of the shaped block row 650, three studs 605 of the first stud height H1-605 alternately follow three studs 605 of the second stud height H2-605. Adjacent shaped blocks 601 are arranged mirror-symmetrically to one another with respect to a mirror point S601, whereby the mirror point S601 is thus located centrally halfway between abutting transverse edges 609, 610 of the adjacent shaped blocks 601.

In the Figure 7 is a plan view of a seventh embodiment of a shaped block row 750, which is formed from two identical shaped blocks 701 of a seventh embodiment. The individual shaped blocks 701 each have two parallel upper longitudinal edges 702, 703. In a first longitudinal row LRA-701 running parallel thereto, studs 705 of a first stud height H1-705 and studs 705 of a second stud height H2-705 are arranged alternately on each shaped block 701. In a second longitudinal row LRB-701 running parallel thereto, only studs 505 of the first stud height H1-705 are arranged. To distinguish between the two, the Figure 7 the studs 705, which have a second stud height H2-705, are symbolically marked by an "X". The studs 705 of the stud height H1-705 form a first subset TM1-705 of the studs 705 and are lower than the studs 705 of the second stud height H2-705, which form a second subset TM2-705 of the studs 705.

In the Figure 8 is a plan view of an eighth embodiment of a shaped block row 850, which is formed from two identical shaped blocks 801 of an eighth embodiment. The individual shaped blocks 801 each have two parallel upper longitudinal edges 802, 803. In a first longitudinal row LRA-801 running parallel to this, studs 805 of a first stud height H1-805 and studs 805 of a second stud height H2-805 are arranged alternately on each shaped block 801. In a second longitudinal row LRB-801 running parallel to this, only studs 805 of the second stud height H2-805 are arranged. To distinguish them, in the Figure 8 the studs 805, which have a second stud height H2-805, are symbolically marked by an "X". The studs 805 of the stud height H1-805 form a first subset TM1-805 of the studs 805 and are lower than the studs 805 of the second stud height H2-805, which form a second subset TM2-805 of the studs 805.

Among the Figures 2 to 8 For the dimensions and shape of the studs shown in the shaped bricks or shaped brick rows, please refer to the Figures 1a to 1c referred to.

List of reference symbols:

101

Formstone

102

first upper longitudinal edge of 101

103

second upper longitudinal edge of 101

104

Top surface area of 101

105

nub

105a-105i

nub

106

Profiling of 101

107

Bottom surface area of 101

108

truncated cone-like body

109, 110

upper transverse edge of 101

BF101

Concrete block

D105

Diameter of 105

EF-104

flat surface

H-105

Vertical axis of 105

H1-105

first stud height

H2-105

second stud heights

KP

Crossing point of KG

KG

rectangular coordinate grid

L102, L103

Length of 102, 103

L109, L110

Length of 109, 110

LRA-101 - LRC-101

Longitudinal row of studs

M-105

Quantity of studs 105 or 105a to 105i

SL

Column lines of KG

TM1-105

first subset with studs 105a to 105e

TM2-105

second subset with studs 105f to 105i

QRA-101 - QRC-101

Cross row of studs

150

Formstone row

152

first imaginary side line of 150

153

second imaginary side line of 150

201

Formstone

202

first upper longitudinal edge of 201

203

second upper longitudinal edge of 201

205

nub

250

Formstone row

H1-205, H2-105

first, second stud height

LRA-201

first longitudinal row

LRB-201

second longitudinal row

LRC-201

third longitudinal row

TM1-205

first subset with studs 205

TM2-205

second subset with studs 205

301

Formstone

302

first upper longitudinal edge of 301

303

second upper longitudinal edge of 301

305

nub

309, 310

upper transverse edges of 301

350

Formstone row

H1-305, H2-305

first, second stud height

LRA-301

first longitudinal row

LRB-301

second longitudinal row

LRC-301

third longitudinal row

TM1-305

first subset with studs 305

TM2-305

second subset with studs 305

401

Shaped bricks (4th variant, 1st type)

401`

Shaped bricks (4th variant, 2nd type)

405

nub

405a-405d

Noppe in the corner

405f-405i

additional nub

405e

centrally arranged knob

405'

nub

405a`-405d`

Noppe in the corner

405f`-405i`

additional nub

405e`

centrally arranged knob

450

Form stone row (4th variant)

H1-405, H2-405

low, high stud height

H1-405', H2-405'

low, high stud height

501

Form stone (5th variant)

502, 503

upper longitudinal edge of 501

505

nub

509, 510

Cross edge

550

Form stone row (5th variant)

H1-505, H2-505

first, second stud height

H501

Vertical axis of 501

LRA-501, LRB-501

first, second longitudinal row

S501

Mirror point

TM1-505

first subset of 505

TM2-505

second subset of 505

650

Form stone row (6th variant)

601

Form stone (6th variant)

602, 603

upper longitudinal edge of 601

609, 610

Cross edge

605

nub

H601

Vertical axis of 601

H1-605, H2-605

first, second stud height of 605

LRA-601

first longitudinal row of 601

LRB-601

second longitudinal row of 601

S601

Mirror point

TM1-605

first subset of 605

TM2-605

second subset of 605

701

Form stone (7th variant)

702, 703

upper longitudinal edge

705

nub

750

Form stone row (7th variant)

H1-705, H2-705

first, second stud height of 705

LRA-701

first longitudinal row of 701

LRB-701

second longitudinal row of 701

TM1-705

first subset of 705

TM2-705

second subset of 705

801

Form stone (8th variant)

802, 803

upper longitudinal edge

805

nub

850

Form stone row (8th variant)

H1-805

first stud height of 805

H2-805

second stud height of 805

LRA-801

first longitudinal row of 801

LRB-801

second longitudinal row of 801

TM1-805

first subset of 805

TM2-805

second subset of 805

Claims (16)

1. Moulded block (101; 201; 301; 401; 501; 601; 701; 801), in particular concrete moulded block (BF101),

   - wherein the moulded block (101; 201; 301; 401; 501; 601; 701; 801) comprises a first upper longitudinal edge (102; 202; 302; 402; 502; 602; 702; 802) and a second upper longitudinal edge (103; 203; 303; 403; 503; 603; 703; 803),

   - wherein said longitudinal edges (102, 103; 202, 203; 302, 303; 402, 406; 502, 503; 602, 603; 702, 703; 802, 803) are situated opposite one another,

   - wherein the moulded block (101; 201; 301; 401; 501; 601; 701; 801) comprises a top-side surface (104) which is arranged between said longitudinal edges (102, 103; 202, 203; 302, 303; 402, 403; 502, 503; 602, 603; 702, 703; 802, 803),

   - wherein the moulded block (101; 201; 301; 401; 501; 601; 701; 801) comprises a set (M-105) of protrusions (105; 205; 305; 405; 505; 605; 705; 805),

   - wherein the protrusions (105; 205; 305; 405; 505; 605; 705; 805) are arranged on the top-side surface (104) and form a profiling (106),

   - wherein the protrusions (105, 105a-105e; 205; 305; 405, 405a-405e, 405f'-405i'; 505; 605; 705; 805) of a first subset (TM1-105; TM1-205; TM1-305; TM1-505; TM1-605; TM1-705; TM1-805) of the set (M-105) have a first protrusion height (H1-105; H1-205; H1-305; H1-405, H1-405'; H1-505; H1-605; H1-705; H1-805),

   - wherein the protrusions (105, 105f-105i; 205; 305; 405, 405f-405i, 405a'-405e'; 505; 605; 705; 805) of a second subset (TM2-105; TM2-205; TM2-305; TM2-505; TM2-605; TM2-705; TM2-805) of the set (M-105) have a second protrusion height (H2-105; H2-205; H2-305; H2-405, H2-405'; H2-505; H2-605; H2-705; H2-805),

   characterized

   - in that the first protrusion height (H1-105; H1-205; H1-305; H1-405, H1-405'; H1-505; H1-605; H1-705; H1-805) is at least 2 mm smaller than the second protrusion height (H2-105; H2-205; H2-305; H2-405, H2-405'; H2-505; H2-605; H2-705; H2-805), and

   - in that each protrusion (105; 205; 305; 405; 505; 605; 705; 805) is in the form of a truncated-cone-like body (108).
2. Moulded block according to Claim 1, characterized in that the moulded block (101; 401; 501; 601) comprises, extending parallel to the longitudinal edges (102, 103; 502, 503; 602, 603), multiple longitudinal rows (LRA-101, LRB-101, LRC-101; LRA-501, LRB-502; LRA-601, LRB-601) with in each case multiple protrusions (105; 405; 505; 605), wherein the longitudinal rows (LRA-101, LRB-101, LRC-101; LRA-501, LRB-501; LRA-601, LRB-601) themselves are formed, in each case in an alternating manner, by protrusions (105, 105a-105e; 405; 505; 605) of the first protrusion height (H1-105; H1-405, H1-405'; H1-505; H1-605) or by protrusions (105, 105f-105i; 405; 505; 605) of the second protrusion height (H2-105; H2-405, H2-405'; H2-505; H2-605), wherein, when viewed transversely to the longitudinal edges (102, 103; 502, 503; 602, 603), in each transverse row (QRA-101, QRB-101; QRC-101), in each case protrusions (105, 105a-105f; 405; 505; 605) of the first protrusion height (H1-105; H1-405, H1-405'; H1-505; H1-605) and protrusions (105, 105e-105i; 405; 505; 605) of the second protrusion height (H2-105; H2-405, H2-505; H2-605) follow one another.
3. Moulded block according to Claim 1, characterized in that the moulded block (101) comprises, extending parallel to the longitudinal edges (102, 103), multiple longitudinal rows (LRA-101, LRB-101, LRC-101) with in each case multiple protrusions (105), wherein, in each of the longitudinal rows (LRA-101, LRB-101, LRC-101), in an alternating manner, one of the protrusions (105, 105a-105e) of the first protrusion height (H1-105) and one of the protrusions (105, 105f-105i) of the second protrusion height (H2-105) are arranged, wherein, when viewed transversely to the longitudinal edges (102, 103), in each transverse row (QRA-101, QRB-101; QRC-101), in an alternating manner, one of the protrusions (105, 105a-105f) of the first protrusion height (H1-105) and one of the protrusions (105, 105e-105i) of the second protrusion height (H2-105) are arranged.
4. Moulded block according to Claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the moulded block (101; 201; 401) comprises an odd number of longitudinal rows (LRA-101, LRB-101, LRC-101; LRA-201, LRB-201, LRC-201) and an equal odd number of transverse rows (QRA-101, QRB-101, QRC-101) .
5. Moulded block according to Claim 1, characterized in that the moulded block (701; 801) comprises, extending parallel to the longitudinal edges (702, 802), two longitudinal rows (LRA-701, LRB-701; LRA-801, LRB-801) with in each case multiple protrusions (705; 805), wherein one of the longitudinal rows (LRB-701; LRB-801) is formed either exclusively by protrusions (705) of the first protrusion height (H1-705) or exclusively by protrusions (805) of the second protrusion height (H2-805), and the other longitudinal row (LRA-701; LRA-801) is formed by an alternating arrangement of protrusions (705; 805) of the first protrusion height (H1-705; H1-805) and the second protrusion height (H2-705; H2-805).
6. Moulded block according to Claim 1, characterized in that those protrusions (205; 305) which lie in a first longitudinal row (LRA-201; LRA-301), which extends directly adjacent to the first upper longitudinal edge (202; 302), belong to the first subset (TM1-205; TM2-305) of the protrusions (205; 305).
7. Moulded block according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that some of those protrusions (105; 205; 305) which lie in an n^th longitudinal row (LRC-101; LRC-201; LRC-301), which extends directly adjacent to the second upper longitudinal edge (103; 203; 303), belong to the first subset (TM1-105; TM1-205; TM1-305) of the protrusions (105; 205; 305) and some of them belong to the second subset (TM2-105; TM2-205; TM2-305) of the protrusions (105; 205; 305).
8. Moulded block according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that extending between the first longitudinal row (LRA-101; LRA-201; LRA-301) and the n^th longitudinal row (LRC-101; LRC-201; LRC-301) is at least one further longitudinal row (LRB-101; LRB-201; LRB-301) with protrusions (105; 205; 305), wherein some of the protrusions (105; 205; 305) of the at least one further longitudinal row (LRB-101; LRB-201; LRB-301) belong to the first subset (TM1-105; TM1-205; TM1-305) of the protrusions (105; 205; 305) and some of them belong to the second subset (TM2-105; TM2-205; TM2-305) of the protrusions (105; 205; 305).
9. Moulded block according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protrusions (105; 205; 305; 405; 505; 605; 705; 805) of all the longitudinal rows (LRA-101, LRB-101, LRC-101; LRA-201, LRB-201, LRC-201; LRA-301, LRB-301, LRC-301; LRA-501, LRB-501; LRA-601, LRB-601; LRA-701, LRB-701; LRA-801, LRB-801) are arranged with their height axes (H-105) at points of intersection (KP) of a rectangular coordinate grid (KG), the column lines (SL) of which are oriented parallel to the longitudinal edges (102, 103; 202, 203; 302, 303; 502, 503; 602, 603; 702, 703; 802, 803).
10. Moulded block according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protrusions (105; 205; 305) of the second to the n^th longitudinal row (LRB-101, LRC-101; LRB-201, LRC-201; LRB-301, LRC-301) are arranged in such a way that each low protrusion (105, 105a-105e; 205; 305) either has only high protrusions (105, 105f-105i; 205; 305) as directly neighbouring protrusions or has more high protrusions (105, 105f-105i; 205; 305) than low protrusions (105, 105a-105f; 205; 305) as directly neighbouring protrusions.
11. Moulded block according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the top-side surface (104) is in the form of a planar surface (EF-104) and extends parallel to a bottom-side surface (107) of the moulded block (101; 201; 301; 401; 501; 601; 701; 801) .
12. Moulded block according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized

    - in that each protrusion (105; 205; 305; 405; 505; 605; 705; 805) has a diameter (D105) of 2 cm to 10 cm,

    - in that it is provided in particular that the low protrusions (105, 105a-105f; 205; 305; 405, 405a-405e, 405f'-405i'; 505; 605; 705; 805) have a height (H1-105; H1-205; H1-305; H1-405, H1-405'; H1-505; H1-605; H1-705; H1-805) of approximately 4 mm, and the high protrusions (105, 105f-105i; 205; 305; 405, 405f-405i, 405a'-405e'; 505; 605; 705; 805) have a height (H2-105; H2-205; H2-305; H2-405, H2-405'; H2-505; H2-605; H2-705; H2-805) of approximately 6 mm,

    - in that it is provided in particular

    - that the top-side surface (104) of the moulded block (101; 201; 401) is of square form and has an odd number of protrusions (105; 205; 405) and preferably have dimensions for the longitudinal edges (102, 103; 202, 203) in particular a length (L102, L103) of 20 cm to 40 cm, wherein particularly preferably six protrusions have a small protrusion height and three protrusions have a large protrusion height or five protrusions have a small protrusion height and four protrusions have a large protrusion height, or

    - that the top-side surface of the moulded block (301; 501; 601; 701; 801) is of rectangular form and has an even number of protrusions (305; 505; 605; 705; 805) and preferably has dimensions of 30 cm x 40 cm and twelve protrusions (305), of which particularly preferably eight protrusions have a small protrusion height and four protrusions (305) have a large protrusion height.
13. Moulded-block row (150; 250; 350; 450; 550; 650; 750; 850) comprising multiple moulded blocks (101; 201; 301; 401; 501; 601; 701; 801), characterized in that the individual moulded blocks (101; 201; 301; 401; 501; 601; 701; 801) are designed according to at least one of Claims 1 to 12, wherein the moulded blocks (101; 201; 301; 401; 501; 601; 701; 801) are oriented in relation to one another in such a way that the moulded blocks (101; 201; 301; 401; 501; 601; 701; 801) form with their first longitudinal edges (102, 103; 202, 203; 302, 303; 402, 403; 502, 503; 602, 603; 702, 703; 802, 803) a first imaginary lateral line (152) and with their second longitudinal edges a second imaginary lateral line (153).
14. Moulded-block row according to Claim 13, characterized in that each of the moulded blocks (501; 601) has an odd number of protrusions (505; 605) in each of its longitudinal rows (LRA-501, LRB-501; LRA-601, LRB-601), in that each of the moulded blocks (501; 601) has an even number of longitudinal rows (LRA-501, LRB-501; LRA-601, LRB-601), and in that adjacent moulded blocks (501; 601) are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner with respect to one another in relation to a point of reflection (S501; S601), wherein the point of reflection (S501; S601) is situated centrally midway along the length between the abutting transverse edges (509, 510; 609, 610) of the adjacent moulded blocks (501; 601).
15. Moulded-block row according to Claim 13, characterized in that the moulded-block row (450) is formed in an alternating manner from moulded blocks (401) of a first type and moulded blocks (401') of a second type, wherein these are identical with regard to a length of the longitudinal edges, a length of the transverse edges, number of protrusions and protrusion positions, and wherein these differ in that, in the moulded blocks (401') of the second type, those protrusions (405a'-405e') having a small protrusion height (H1-405) in the moulded blocks (405) of the first type have a large protrusion height (H2-405') and those protrusions (405f'-405i') having a large protrusion height (H2-405) in the moulded blocks (405) of the first type have a small protrusion height (H1-405').
16. Moulded-block row according to Claim 13, characterized in that the protrusions (305) of the second to the n^th longitudinal row (LRB-301, LRC-301) of each moulded block (301) that are adjacent to a front transverse edge (309) or a rear transverse edge (310) are arranged, including in relation to the in each case adjacent moulded block (301), in such a way that each low protrusion (305) in the second to the n^th longitudinal row (LRB-301, LRC-301) either has only high protrusions (305) as directly neighbouring protrusions or has more high protrusions (305) than low protrusions (305) as directly neighbouring protrusions.

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